CN111606670A - Caulking gypsum capable of purifying air and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A caulking gypsum capable of purifying air and a preparation method thereof. The caulking gypsum contains building gypsum, calcium alginate and biochar composite material. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture; mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent, the thixotropic agent and the optional retarder to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; and mixing the third mixture with building gypsum to obtain the caulking gypsum capable of purifying air. The caulking gypsum can effectively adsorb heavy metal and other harmful particles in the air, and eliminates the harm of heavy metal pollution to human bodies.

Description

Caulking gypsum capable of purifying air and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of building materials, in particular to caulking gypsum capable of purifying air and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In the process of mining, smelting and processing heavy metals, some heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, cobalt and the like can enter the atmosphere, water and soil to cause serious environmental pollution. Heavy metal contamination is different from organic compound contamination: many organic compound pollutants can be purified physically, chemically or biologically by nature to reduce or eliminate their harmfulness; heavy metals are rich and difficult to degrade in the environment. Heavy metals can strongly interact with proteins and various enzymes in human bodies, so that the proteins and the enzymes lose activity. Heavy metals may also be enriched in certain organs of the human body, and if the heavy metals exceed the tolerance limit of the human body, acute poisoning, subacute poisoning, chronic poisoning and the like of the human body can be caused, so that the human body is greatly harmed, for example, water guarantee disease (mercury pollution) and bone pain disease (cadmium pollution) and other public diseases in Japan are caused by heavy metal pollution.

The caulking gypsum is a gypsum-based cementing material and is suitable for the caulking treatment between middle plates and plates in gypsum board application, the filling of nail holes during the nailing of gypsum boards, the filling of other large gaps in the construction of gypsum boards and the like. The caulking gypsum has excellent construction performance such as simple construction, good workability, fast setting and hardening, good volume stability and the like, and simultaneously has certain fire resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation and sound absorption performance.

Based on the serious harm of heavy metal pollution to human bodies, the development demand of the caulking gypsum with the heavy metal adsorption function exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides caulking gypsum capable of purifying air and a preparation method thereof, and the caulking gypsum can effectively adsorb heavy metal particles in the air and eliminate harm of heavy metal pollution to human bodies.

Specifically, the application provides a caulking gypsum capable of purifying air, wherein the caulking gypsum contains building gypsum and a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar.

In the embodiment of the present application, the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar may be added in an amount of 10-150 parts by weight, optionally 10-100 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

In the embodiment of the application, the caulking gypsum can also contain a coupling agent.

In the embodiments of the present application, the coupling agent may be selected from any one or more of titanate-based coupling agents (e.g., tetrabutyltitanate, G-6, etc.) and silane-based coupling agents (e.g., KH550, KH560, KH570, etc.).

In embodiments of the present application, the weight ratio of the calcium alginate and biochar composite to the coupling agent may be 10-100: 0.05-3.

In the embodiment of the application, the caulking gypsum can also contain AII type anhydrous gypsum, a retarder, rubber powder, a water-retaining agent and a thixotropic agent, wherein the addition amount of the AII type anhydrous gypsum is 10-100 parts by weight, the addition amount of the retarder is 0-30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the rubber powder is 1-30 parts by weight, the addition amount of the water-retaining agent is 1-30 parts by weight, and the addition amount of the thixotropic agent is 1-10 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the addition amount of the building gypsum.

In the embodiment of the present application, the retarder may be selected from any one or more of organic acid and its soluble salt retarder, phosphate salt retarder, borax, and protein retarder. The organic acid and soluble salt retarder can comprise citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, potassium tartrate, acrylic acid, sodium acrylate and the like; the phosphate retarder can comprise sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and the like; the protein-based retarder may include a protein-based retarder (e.g., plat Retard PE manufactured by SISISIIT 2000, Italy) in which bone glue and degraded polyamide are calcium-esterified.

In embodiments of the present application, the latex powder may be selected from any one or more of redispersible latex powders. The redispersible latex powder can comprise vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymer rubber powder (EVA), ethylene and vinyl chloride and vinyl metasilicate ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate and ethylene and higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate and higher fatty acid vinyl ester copolymer rubber powder, acrylic ester and styrene copolymer rubber powder (A/S), vinyl acetate and acrylic ester and higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate homopolymerization rubber powder, styrene and butadiene copolymer rubber powder and the like.

In the embodiments of the present application, the water retaining agent may be selected from any one or more of cellulose-based water retaining agents and dextrin-based water retaining agents. The cellulose water-retaining agent may include methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, lignocellulose, and salts thereof.

In embodiments of the present application, the thixotropic agent may be selected from any one or more of polyethylene oxide (PEO), bentonite, and sepiolite.

It is to be understood that the coupling agents, retarders, rubber powder, water retention agents and thixotropic agents used in the raw materials for preparing the caulking gypsum are not limited to the specific materials listed above, which are not intended to limit the present application in any manner or substantially, and materials capable of achieving the effects of various agents may be used in the preparation of the caulking gypsum of the present application.

The application also provides a preparation method of the caulking gypsum capable of purifying air, which comprises the following steps:

mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture;

mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent, the thixotropic agent and the optional retarder to obtain a second mixture;

mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

mixing the third mixture with building gypsum to obtain the caulking gypsum capable of purifying air;

in an embodiment of the present application, the method may further include: drying the gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350-450 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the AII type anhydrous gypsum.

This application is through adding the combined material of calcium alginate and biological charcoal in to the caulking gypsum for the caulking gypsum has been given the function that adsorbs harmful particle, especially heavy metal granule in the atmosphere, can reduce heavy metal pollution's harm by a wide margin. Moreover, compared with the single biochar and calcium alginate, the calcium alginate and the biochar show a synergistic adsorption effect after being compounded, so that the adsorption function of the caulking gypsum is obviously superior to that of the caulking gypsum added with the biochar and the calcium alginate separately.

This application is at first with the combined material of coupling agent parcel calcium alginate and biological charcoal when preparing the caulking gypsum, can improve the compatibility of combined material and building gypsum, avoids appearing the phenomenon that combined material floated the gathering.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and methods described in the specification and claims.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

The starting materials used in the following examples are all common commercial products unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

(1) Drying natural gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 20 g of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar and 0.1 g of tetrabutyl titanate, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing with 20 g of the AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 30 g of sodium citrate, 2 g of vinyl acetate homopolymerized glue powder, 5 g of methyl cellulose, 5 g of sodium methyl cellulose and 2 g of polyethylene oxide (PEO) thixotropic agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the building gypsum and the building gypsum, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the building gypsum, uniformly mixing, and filling the building gypsum into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 2

(1) Drying the desulfurized gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying the desulfurized gypsum at 420 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 100G of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar and 1.5G of G-6 coupling agent, uniformly mixing, and then uniformly mixing with 100G of the AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 60 g of sodium polyphosphate, 10 g of EVA rubber powder, 60 g of dextrin and 10 g of bentonite thixotropic agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the building gypsum and the building gypsum, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and filling the mixture into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 3

(1) Drying phosphogypsum to constant weight at 45 ℃, and then drying for 2 hours at 450 ℃ to obtain AII type anhydrous gypsum;

(2) weighing 200 g of a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar, uniformly mixing the composite material with 6 g of KH550, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with 200 g of AII type anhydrous gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a first mixture;

(3) weighing 6 g of Plast Retard PE (SISISIIT 2000 in Italy), 60 g of acrylate and styrene copolymerized rubber powder (A/S), 2 g of methylcellulose and 20 g of sepiolite thixotropic agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture;

(4) mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

(5) weighing 2000 g of building gypsum, uniformly mixing the building gypsum and the building gypsum, pouring the third mixture obtained in the step (4) into the building gypsum, uniformly mixing, and filling the building gypsum into a sealed storage bag for later use.

Example 4

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is 300 g.

Example 5

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: no coupling agent was added.

Comparative example 1

The caulking gypsum of the present comparative example is a caulking gypsum produced by northern new building materials (28095; division, zhou) which does not contain a composite of calcium alginate and biochar, alginate and biochar.

Performance testing

The caulking plasters prepared in the examples and comparative examples were prepared into slurry before testing: 1000 g of water is weighed and poured into a stirring pot, the caulking gypsum prepared in the examples and the comparative examples is poured into the stirring pot, and after standing for 1 minute, the caulking gypsum slurry is obtained after even stirring.

Preparing a gypsum board with an air purifying function:

(1) weighing 1 g of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate stock solution and 99 g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate aqueous solution;

(2) weighing 3 g of baking dextrin, 0.5 g of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent FS10 and 30 g of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate aqueous solution obtained in the step (1), pouring the weighed water solution into a stirring pot, weighing 330 g of water, washing a container for weighing 30 g of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate aqueous solution for 3 times by using the weighed water, pouring the washing liquids into the stirring pot, starting a stirrer, and stirring and foaming for 1 minute to obtain a foam system;

(3) weighing 50 g of calcium alginate and biochar composite material, uniformly mixing with 15 g of KH560, weighing 500 g of gypsum clinker, uniformly mixing the calcium alginate and the biochar composite material with the gypsum clinker, pouring the mixture into the foam system obtained in the step (2), starting a stirrer, and uniformly stirring to obtain gypsum slurry;

(4) paving a piece of protective paper on an operation table, pressing strips on two sides of the protective paper, pouring the gypsum slurry obtained in the step (3) on the protective paper, uniformly dispersing the gypsum slurry by using a scraper, flatly paving the gypsum slurry on the protective paper, covering the upper surface of the slurry with the protective paper, covering the protective paper with an organic glass plate, pressing about 5 kg of counter weight on the organic glass plate, and removing the protective paper on the bottom surface after the gypsum slurry is finally set to obtain a single-paper-surface gypsum board wet board;

(5) and (3) putting the wet gypsum board into an oven heated to 160 +/-2) DEG C for drying for 30min, then cooling the oven to 105 +/-5℃, continuing drying for 30min, finally cooling the oven to 45 +/-2℃, and drying the board to constant weight to obtain the gypsum board with the thickness of 12mm and the air purification function.

And (3) determining caulking gypsum adsorption lead particles: the gypsum board having an air-purifying function prepared above was cut into small boards of 250mm × 200mm in length × width and randomly divided into 6 groups of the same number, then 6 same test boxes are respectively fully attached, the adjacent gypsum boards are subjected to joint splicing treatment by adopting the caulking gypsum slurry prepared by the above examples and comparative examples, after 72 hours of indoor ventilation, the same amount of lead particles are blown into the test boxes, after the air in the test chamber flows at the same flow speed for 24 hours, air samples in 6 test chambers are respectively collected by glass fiber filter membranes, the air samples are leached into sample solutions by nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide solutions (prepared by commercially available nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide according to the volume ratio of 1: 1), and the absorption of ground state atoms on the characteristic radiation of the hollow cathode lamp, namely the absorption luminosity, is measured at 283.3nm by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, so that the concentration of lead in the test chambers is measured. In addition, the caulking plasters prepared in examples and comparative examples were tested for setting time, water retention and tensile bond strength. The test results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

It can be seen that the caulking gypsum of the examples of the present application has a significantly better function of adsorbing lead particles than the caulking gypsum of the comparative example which does not contain the calcium alginate and biochar composite. Furthermore, when the amount of the building gypsum added is 1000 parts by weight, the function of the caulking gypsum for adsorbing lead particles is gradually enhanced as the amount of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material added is increased within the range of 10 to 150 parts by weight, but when the amount of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material added is 150 parts by weight, the tensile bond strength of the caulking gypsum is remarkably reduced, which means that the addition of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material can provide the caulking gypsum with the function of adsorbing lead particles, but when the amount of the calcium alginate/biochar composite material is excessive, the tensile bond strength of the caulking gypsum is adversely affected. When the addition amount of the building gypsum is 1000 parts by weight and the addition amount of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar is 10-150 parts by weight, the tensile bonding strength, the setting time and the water retention rate of the caulking gypsum can meet the use requirements. Therefore, when the addition amount of the building gypsum is 1000 parts by weight, the addition amount of the composite material of the calcium alginate and the biochar can be 10-150 parts by weight, and when the addition amount of the composite material of the calcium alginate and the biochar is 10-100 parts by weight, the obtained caulking gypsum has better tensile bonding strength.

In addition, as can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and example 5, the addition of the coupling agent can enhance the function of the caulking gypsum for adsorbing the lead particles to a certain extent, because the compatibility of the composite material and the building gypsum can be improved by wrapping the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with the coupling agent firstly when the caulking gypsum is prepared, the phenomenon of floating and aggregation of the composite material is avoided, and the composite material can be uniformly dispersed in the caulking gypsum. In addition, the dispersion uniformity of the composite material may be improved by other means without adding a coupling agent, and for example, other auxiliary agents may be added or the raw materials may be mixed by ultrasonic dispersion.

Although the caulking gypsum of this application embodiment can air-purifying, because its quantity is less, so can't show fine air-purifying effect, can use with the gypsum board cooperation that has the air-purifying function, on the basis of the gypsum board that has the air-purifying function, further reinforcing air-purifying's effect. The gypsum board with the air purifying function can be prepared by adding a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar into the gypsum board.

Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The jointing gypsum capable of purifying air is characterized by comprising building gypsum, a composite material of calcium alginate and biochar.

2. The caulking gypsum of claim 1, wherein the composite of calcium alginate and biochar is added in an amount of 10-150 parts by weight, optionally 10-100 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

3. The caulking gypsum of claim 1, further comprising a coupling agent; optionally, the weight ratio of the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar to the coupling agent is 10-100: 0.05-3.

4. The caulking gypsum according to claim 3, wherein the coupling agent is selected from any one or more of a titanate-based coupling agent and a silane-based coupling agent.

5. The caulking gypsum of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising AII type anhydrous gypsum, a retarder, rubber powder, a water-retaining agent and a thixotropic agent, wherein the AII type anhydrous gypsum is added in an amount of 10 to 100 parts by weight, the retarder is added in an amount of 0 to 30 parts by weight, the rubber powder is added in an amount of 1 to 30 parts by weight, the water-retaining agent is added in an amount of 1 to 30 parts by weight, and the thixotropic agent is added in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of the building gypsum.

6. The caulking gypsum of claim 5, wherein the retarder is selected from any one or more of organic acid and soluble salts thereof, phosphate salt type retarder, borax, and protein type retarder.

7. The caulk of claim 5, wherein said glue powder is selected from any one or more of redispersible latex powders.

8. A caulking gypsum according to claim 5, wherein the water retaining agent is selected from any one or more of cellulose type water retaining agents and dextrin type water retaining agents.

9. The caulked gypsum of claim 5 wherein said thixotropic agent is selected from any one or more of polyethylene oxide, bentonite and sepiolite.

10. A method of making caulked gypsum capable of purifying air, the method comprising:

mixing the composite material of calcium alginate and biochar with an optional coupling agent, and then mixing with AII type anhydrous gypsum to obtain a first mixture;

mixing the rubber powder, the water-retaining agent, the thixotropic agent and the optional retarder to obtain a second mixture;

mixing the first mixture with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;

mixing the third mixture with building gypsum to obtain the caulking gypsum capable of purifying air;

optionally, the method further comprises: drying the gypsum at 45 ℃ to constant weight, and then drying at 350-450 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the AII type anhydrous gypsum.