CN111602557A - Lucid ganoderma cultivation method - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111602557A CN111602557A CN202010577006.0A CN202010577006A CN111602557A CN 111602557 A CN111602557 A CN 111602557A CN 202010577006 A CN202010577006 A CN 202010577006A CN 111602557 A CN111602557 A CN 111602557A
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- ganoderma lucidum
- culture medium
- ganoderma
- corn kernels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating lucid ganoderma, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparation of a culture medium: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, then spraying water while stirring, wherein the water content of the stirring material is 55-65% of the total amount of the culture medium; the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55-60 parts of fine sawdust, 6-10 parts of three-flour, 5-8 parts of corn kernels, 2-5 parts of soybean meal, 1-1.5 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of brown sugar; s2, stacking and fermenting: after being stirred uniformly, the mixture is piled and sealed, turned and piled again and sealed, and the fermentation is finished; s3, bagging and sterilizing: filling the fermented stockpile into a polyethylene fungus bag, and then performing sterilization treatment at normal pressure and high temperature; s4, inoculation: performing aseptic inoculation on the sterilized fungus bags; s5, culturing lucid ganoderma; s6, and harvesting lucid ganoderma. The yield of the ganoderma lucidum sporocarp and the robe powder obtained by the invention can be greatly improved, and the method is suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial cultivation of medicinal fungi, in particular to a cultivation method of lucid ganoderma.
Background
Ganoderma (GanodermaLucidumKarst) is fruiting body of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae. Has effects of invigorating qi, tranquilizing mind, relieving cough and asthma, and prolonging life. Can be used for treating vertigo, insomnia, palpitation, short breath, neurasthenia, and cough with asthma due to asthenia. Ganoderma lucidum is a precious traditional Chinese medicine in medical treasury of China, and is an edible fungus integrating health care and medicinal functions. The ancient books such as Shen nong Ben Cao Jing, Bing Pu Zi and Ben Cao gang mu are all recorded about their effects. Modern medical research proves that active ingredients in ganoderma lucidum, such as polysaccharides, triterpenes, sterols, and the like, have the functions of resisting tumors, regulating immunity, regulating nervous system, regulating circulatory system, and the like.
Therefore, the social demand for medicinal ganoderma lucidum with extremely strong efficacy is increasing, in order to meet the social demand, large-batch ganoderma lucidum planting is started, and technical personnel in the field of wood also research factors influencing the quality and yield of ganoderma lucidum, and discover that different planting culture media have great influence on the quality and yield of ganoderma lucidum.
For example, most of the previous bag cultivation formulas mainly comprise 20% of cotton seed hulls, 60% of sawdust, 15% of wheat bran or three-powder, 1% of gypsum and 1% of brown sugar, and the culture medium has the advantages of fast germination and rapid growth of ganoderma lucidum in the early stage, but has the defect of insufficient aftereffect, so that the finally obtained ganoderma lucidum sporocarp and pao-nut powder are low in yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a ganoderma lucidum cultivation method which has the advantages of low cost, high yield of obtained ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies and spore powder and the like.
A method for cultivating lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a culture medium: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, then spraying water while stirring, wherein the water content of the stirring material is 55-65% of the total amount of the culture medium;
the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55-60 parts of fine sawdust, 6-10 parts of three-flour, 5-8 parts of corn kernels, 2-5 parts of soybean meal, 1-1.5 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of brown sugar;
s2, stacking and fermenting: after being stirred uniformly, the mixture is piled and sealed, turned and piled again and sealed, and the fermentation is finished;
s3, bagging and sterilizing: filling the fermented stockpile into a polyethylene fungus bag, and then performing sterilization treatment at normal pressure and high temperature;
s4, inoculation: performing aseptic inoculation on the sterilized fungus bags;
s5, ganoderma lucidum culture: sterilizing and killing insects in a culture room, and then carrying out fungus bag spawn running;
s6, harvesting lucid ganoderma: when the ganoderma pileus is fully unfolded, collecting spore powder through bagging, and harvesting the ganoderma after the spore powder is harvested.
Further, the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 58-60 parts of fine sawdust, 8-10 parts of three-flour, 5-7 parts of corn kernels, 3-5 parts of soybean meal, 1-1.2 parts of gypsum and 1-1.5 parts of brown sugar; the water content of the mixed material is 55-60% of the total amount of the culture medium.
Further, in the step S2, the stacking and sealing time is 2-4 hours, the temperature of the stacked materials is monitored, when the temperature of the stacked materials is 50-55 ℃, the stacked materials are turned over and then stacked and sealed, and when the temperature of the stacked materials reaches 50-55 ℃ again, fermentation is completed.
Further, in step S5, the conditions of ganoderma lucidum culture are as follows: shading, controlling the indoor temperature to be 21-28 ℃ and the relative air humidity to be 60% -70%, ventilating for 3-4 times every day after culturing for 10-15 days, each time for 20-30 min, disinfecting the bacteria culture room after culturing for 30-35 days, then turning over bags and punching holes on the bacteria bags, reducing the room temperature to 21-23 ℃, and ventilating for 5-6 times every day.
Further, in step S6, when the white growing circles on the edge of the ganoderma lucidum cover disappear and the whole ganoderma lucidum cover is brown, culturing for 15-20 days, collecting the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, cutting off the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body at a position 1cm away from the base of the ganoderma lucidum stipe, collecting the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, emitting spore powder after the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body is mature, drying in the sun, and keeping the indoor relative humidity at 80-90% after the ganoderma lucidum fruiting.
Furthermore, the corn kernels are soaked in quicklime water with the mass concentration of 3% before use, and are soaked in advance for one day in spring and summer and two days in autumn and winter.
Furthermore, the corn kernels adopt residual broken corn kernels after corn threshing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts the principle that the culture medium is adopted to cultivate the lucid ganoderma: culturing inoculated bag-cultured Ganoderma in 30-35d, decomposing fine wood chips and cottonseed hull with easily absorbable fine soybean meal and third powder, and providing necessary energy for early stage growth of Ganoderma;
(2) in the ganoderma lucidum growth stage within 30-35d, because the corn kernels are soaked and foamed in advance by high-concentration quicklime water (the mass concentration is 3%), when the number of ganoderma lucidum mycelia is small in the early stage, the high-energy nutrition is not decomposed, and after 35-50d, the mycelia of ganoderma lucidum sticks grow to be full, at the moment, the nutritional ingredients of the corn kernels soaked and foamed by the high-concentration quicklime are slowly released to supply ganoderma lucidum stems and emit pao-zi powder after the corn kernels are mature;
(3) the residual and damaged corn kernels after corn threshing are adopted, so that the cost can be saved by 20%.
According to the invention, the yield of the finally obtained ganoderma lucidum fruiting body and robe powder can be greatly improved by optimizing and improving the existing culture medium formula and combining specific culture conditions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for cultivating lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a culture medium: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to the formula, then spraying water while stirring, wherein the water content of the stirring material is 65% of the total amount of the culture medium; the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20 parts of cotton seed hulls, 60 parts of fine sawdust, 10 parts of three powders, 5 parts of 3% quicklime water-soaked corn kernels, 3 parts of bean pulp, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of brown sugar;
s2, stacking and fermenting: after uniformly stirring, piling and sealing for 4h, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the piled materials, turning when the temperature of the piled materials is 55 ℃, then piling and sealing again, and finishing fermentation when the temperature of the piled materials reaches 55 ℃ again;
s3, bagging and sterilizing: filling the fermented stockpile into a polyethylene fungus bag, and then performing sterilization treatment at the normal pressure of 100 ℃;
s4, inoculation: performing aseptic inoculation on the sterilized fungus bags;
s5, ganoderma lucidum culture: firstly, sterilizing and killing insects in a culture room, and then carrying out fungus bag spawn running: shading light, controlling the indoor temperature to be 25 ℃ and the relative air humidity to be 60%, culturing for 15d, ventilating for 4 times a day, each time for 20min, after 35d, sterilizing the bacteria culture room, turning over bags, perforating the bags, cooling the room temperature to 23 ℃, and ventilating for 6 times a day;
s6, harvesting lucid ganoderma: when the white growth rings at the edge of the ganoderma lucidum cover disappear and the whole ganoderma lucidum cover is brown, culturing for 15 days, harvesting ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, cutting off the base part 1cm away of the ganoderma lucidum stipe, harvesting, maturing, emitting spore powder, drying in the sun, and keeping the indoor relative humidity at 90% after harvesting.
Example 2
S1, preparation of a culture medium: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to the formula, then spraying water while stirring, wherein the water content of the stirring material is 60% of the total amount of the culture medium; the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55 parts of fine sawdust, 8 parts of three powders, 7 parts of 3% quicklime water-soaked corn kernels, 3 parts of bean pulp, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of brown sugar;
s2, stacking and fermenting: after uniformly stirring, piling and stuffiness, wherein the piling and stuffiness time is 3h, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the piled materials, turning when the temperature of the piled materials is 52 ℃, then piling and stuffiness again, and finishing fermentation when the temperature of the piled materials reaches 52 ℃ again;
s3, bagging and sterilizing: filling the fermented stockpile into a polyethylene fungus bag, and then performing sterilization treatment at the normal pressure of 100 ℃;
s4, inoculation: performing aseptic inoculation on the sterilized fungus bags;
s5, ganoderma lucidum culture: firstly, sterilizing and killing insects in a culture room, and then carrying out fungus bag spawn running: shading light, controlling the indoor temperature at 23 deg.C and the relative air humidity at 70%, culturing for 10 days, ventilating for 3 times a day, each time for 20min, sterilizing the bacteria culture room after 30 days, turning over the bags, perforating the bags, cooling the room temperature to 21 deg.C, and ventilating for 5 times a day;
s6, harvesting lucid ganoderma: when the white growth rings at the edge of the ganoderma lucidum cover disappear and the whole ganoderma lucidum cover is brown, culturing for 20 days, harvesting ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, cutting off the base part 1cm away of the ganoderma lucidum stipe, harvesting, maturing, emitting spore powder, drying in the sun, and keeping the indoor relative humidity at 80% after harvesting.
Example 3
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the medium formulation was changed;
the formula of the culture medium in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55 parts of fine sawdust, 6 parts of three powders, 5 parts of 3% quicklime water-soaked corn kernels, 2 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of brown sugar.
Example 4
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the medium formulation was changed;
the formula of the culture medium in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 22 parts of cotton seed hull, 58 parts of fine wood dust, 8 parts of three powders, 5 parts of 3% quicklime water-soaked corn kernels, 4.3 parts of soybean meal, 1.2 parts of gypsum and 1.5 parts of brown sugar.
Example 5
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the medium formulation was changed;
the formula of the culture medium in the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55 parts of fine sawdust, 6 parts of three powders, 6 parts of 3% quicklime water-soaked corn kernels, 4.5 parts of soybean meal, 1.5 parts of gypsum and 2 parts of brown sugar.
Comparative example 1
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the medium formulation was changed;
the formula of the culture medium in this example is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of cotton seed hull, 60 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of three powder, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of brown sugar.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the medium formulation was changed;
the formula of the culture medium in this example is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of cotton seed hulls, 60 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum and 1 part of brown sugar.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for cultivating the lucid ganoderma is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of a culture medium: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, then spraying water while stirring, wherein the water content of the stirring material is 55-65% of the total amount of the culture medium;
the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of cotton seed hulls, 55-60 parts of fine sawdust, 6-10 parts of three-flour, 5-8 parts of corn kernels, 2-5 parts of soybean meal, 1-1.5 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of brown sugar;
s2, stacking and fermenting: after being stirred uniformly, the mixture is piled and sealed, turned and piled again and sealed, and the fermentation is finished;
s3, bagging and sterilizing: filling the fermented stockpile into a polyethylene fungus bag, and then performing sterilization treatment at normal pressure and high temperature;
s4, inoculation: performing aseptic inoculation on the sterilized fungus bags;
s5, ganoderma lucidum culture: sterilizing and killing insects in a culture room, and then carrying out fungus bag spawn running;
s6, harvesting lucid ganoderma: when the ganoderma pileus is fully unfolded, collecting spore powder through bagging, and harvesting the ganoderma after the spore powder is harvested.
2. The method for cultivating ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula of the culture medium comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of cotton seed hulls, 58-60 parts of fine sawdust, 8-10 parts of three-flour, 5-7 parts of corn kernels, 3-5 parts of soybean meal, 1-1.2 parts of gypsum and 1-1.5 parts of brown sugar; the water content of the mixed material is 55-60% of the total amount of the culture medium.
3. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the stacking and sealing time is 2-4 hours, the temperature of the stacked materials is monitored, when the temperature of the stacked materials is 50-55 ℃, the stacked materials are turned and then sealed, and when the temperature of the stacked materials reaches 50-55 ℃ again, fermentation is completed.
4. The method for cultivating ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the conditions of ganoderma lucidum cultivation are as follows: shading, controlling the indoor temperature to be 21-28 ℃ and the relative air humidity to be 60% -70%, ventilating for 3-4 times every day after culturing for 10-15 days, each time for 20-30 min, disinfecting the bacteria culture room after culturing for 30-35 days, then turning over bags and punching holes on the bacteria bags, reducing the room temperature to 21-23 ℃, and ventilating for 5-6 times every day.
5. The method for cultivating ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, when white growing circles on the edge of the ganoderma lucidum cover disappear and the whole ganoderma lucidum cover is brown, culturing for 15-20 days, harvesting ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, cutting at 1cm of the base of ganoderma lucidum stipe, harvesting, collecting, maturing, emitting spore powder, drying in the sun, and keeping indoor relative humidity at 80-90% after harvesting.
6. The method for cultivating lucid ganoderma according to claim 1, wherein the corn kernels are soaked in quicklime water with the mass concentration of 3% before use, the corn kernels are soaked in advance by one day in spring and summer, and are soaked in advance by two days in autumn and winter.
7. The method for cultivating ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 6, wherein the corn kernels are residual broken corn kernels after corn threshing.
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| CN202010577006.0A CN111602557A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Lucid ganoderma cultivation method |
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| CN1631078A (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | 马士贵 | Wild-imitating mushroom edible fungus seed and cultivation method thereof |
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| KR20120095753A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-08-29 | 순천대학교 산학협력단 | Culture media for mushroom cultivation comprising herbal slurgies and mushroom having the activity of anticancer and immunological enhancement produced thereby |
| CN103304333A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 广西巴马原生长寿食品有限公司 | Culture medium for lucid ganoderma and culture method |
| CN107417328A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-01 | 常德市永春堂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that cottonseed shell cultivation edible mushroom is replaced using reed |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010577006.0A patent/CN111602557A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1631078A (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-06-29 | 马士贵 | Wild-imitating mushroom edible fungus seed and cultivation method thereof |
| CN102450543A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-05-16 | 金明 | Preparation method of edible fungus flour |
| KR20120095753A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-08-29 | 순천대학교 산학협력단 | Culture media for mushroom cultivation comprising herbal slurgies and mushroom having the activity of anticancer and immunological enhancement produced thereby |
| CN103304333A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 广西巴马原生长寿食品有限公司 | Culture medium for lucid ganoderma and culture method |
| CN107417328A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-01 | 常德市永春堂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that cottonseed shell cultivation edible mushroom is replaced using reed |
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