CN111592223B

CN111592223B - White matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze surface effect

Info

Publication number: CN111592223B
Application number: CN202010520370.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李德龙
Original assignee: Fujian Dehua Shangbendao Ceramic Co ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Dehua Shangbendao Ceramic Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-10
Filing date: 2020-06-10
Publication date: 2022-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-10
Also published as: CN111592223A

Abstract

The invention discloses a white matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect, which comprises the following components: 20-30 parts of nepheline, 15-25 parts of talc, 15-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of frit, 5-12 parts of flying ash, 1-5 parts of zirconium silicate, 0-10 parts of quartz, 0-5 parts of dolomite, 0-6 parts of animal bone powder and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate. The frit is a matte frit, and can balance the expansion coefficient of the glaze during sintering, thereby avoiding the defects of pinholes and the like. The sodium tripolyphosphate mainly plays a role of a ceramic debonder in ceramic production, improves the fluidity of the glaze slurry and improves the ceramic performance. The matt glaze has the advantages of wide firing range of glaze materials, small glazing thickness by selecting raw materials and setting content, has certain high-temperature porcelain properties by matching with a high-temperature firing process, is perfectly combined with the matt glaze, fully exerts the advantages of glittering and translucent porcelain quality at high temperature and the advantages of warmness, smoothness, silk texture brought by the matt glaze, is not limited by the shape of a receptor and has wide application range.

Description

White matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze surface effect

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic products, and particularly relates to a white matte glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze surface effect and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The matt glaze is a special glaze between the glazed glaze and the matt glaze, and the glaze has weak light reflecting capacity, no glass luster on the surface and soft filiform or velvet luster. After the glaze material of the matt glaze is melted at high temperature, crystals are separated out from one part of the glaze component in the cooling process, the crystals are extremely tiny and regularly dispersed and embedded in a glass matrix, and diffuse reflection is generated by the light source irradiating the crystals. Many ceramic matt glazes on the market have smooth and bright matte effect, and are mostly formed by applying thick glaze and then firing at medium temperature. The firing temperature of the matte glaze is generally controlled to be 1200-1250 ℃, and although the matte glaze has the matte effect, the texture is insufficient. Moreover, the glazing thickness is large, the design of the edge angle is difficult to embody for the model with the edge angle shape, and the appearance of the product is further influenced. In addition, the firing temperature range of the existing matt glaze on the market is narrow, the kiln temperature slightly changes, the quality of the fired glaze surface is affected, and the appearance and the sense of the whole ceramic product are reduced.

Therefore, the research on the white matt glaze which has the advantages of wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect has great practical significance and wide market prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a white matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the white matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of nepheline, 15-25 parts of talc, 15-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of frit, 5-12 parts of flying ash, 1-5 parts of zirconium silicate, 0-10 parts of quartz, 0-5 parts of dolomite, 0-6 parts of animal bone powder and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate;

the frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (A) is 5-10: 1-2: 0.5-1;

the preparation process of the white matte glaze comprises the following steps:

s1, grinding the frit for 1-2 h until the particle size is 8-20 μm for later use; then mixing the rest raw material components according to the raw material proportion, grinding for 30-35h until the particle size is 20-50 μm, and adding the frit to obtain a mixed raw material for later use;

s2, adding water into the mixed raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the solid content of the glaze slurry is 60-65%, and then removing bubbles in vacuum for 20-25 min to obtain the glaze slurry;

s3, finely wiping the fired ceramic biscuit, cleaning the powder of the biscuit with clear water, then dipping the biscuit into the obtained glaze slurry for glazing, taking out and naturally drying to obtain a ceramic primary product; the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.05-0.1 mm;

s4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product at 1270-1350 ℃ for 8.0-13.0 h; and naturally cooling to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

The raw material selection of the white matt glaze is obtained by long-term experience summary and experimental research of the inventor, nepheline is selected as the main fusing agent of the matt glaze, and raw materials with narrow sintering range such as albite and the like are not adopted; magnesium-containing fluxing agents of talc and dolomite; animal bone powder, dolomite and double flying powder containing calcium fluxing agent; kaolin as a suspending agent and quartz as a filler; flux frits, and the like. The frit is a matte frit, and can balance the expansion coefficient of the glaze during sintering, so that pinholes and the like are avoided. The kaolin plays a role in the glaze, so that the homogeneity and the suspension property of the matt glaze can be mainly improved, the glaze slip is not easy to precipitate, and a certain amount of aluminum oxide can be provided. Alumina is one of the main components for forming matt glaze, and its addition can make glaze layer separate out Al₂O₃Microcrystal, thereby achieving the effect of matt glaze. Zirconium silicate can make the glaze slip have certain opalescence effect, guarantee the inferior gloss glaze is not influenced by body color, thus guarantee to present the color and be homogeneous pure, the color is homogeneous. Meanwhile, when the content is higher, the glaze surface is easy to lose the colored glaze effect, and the color development of the matt glaze is hindered; the sodium tripolyphosphate mainly plays a role of a ceramic dispergator in ceramic production, the fluidity of the glaze slurry is increased, the ceramic performance is improved, and the dispersion mechanism of the sodium tripolyphosphate is mainly utilized. The raw material selection and content setting of the white matt glaze enable the sintering range of the glaze to be wide, and the high-temperature sintering process provided by the invention has certain high-temperature porcelain properties, is perfectly combined with the glaze, and fully exerts the advantages of glittering and translucent porcelain quality at high temperature and the luscious, smooth and silk texture brought by the matt glaze.

In the present invention, preferably, the white matte glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of nepheline, 15-25 parts of talc, 15-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of frit, 5-12 parts of flying ash, 1-5 parts of zirconium silicate, 1-5 parts of quartz, 1-2 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of animal bone powder and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate. The raw materials of the white matt glaze are obtained by long-term experimental adjustment of the inventor, and the components are matched with each other, so that the sintering range of the glaze is wide, the glazing thickness is small, and the prepared glaze surface has a good effect.

Further preferably, the white matte glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of nepheline, 20 parts of talcum, 25 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of frit, 8 parts of flying ash, 2 parts of zirconium silicate, 2 parts of quartz, 1 part of dolomite, 1 part of animal bone powder and 0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate. The inventors have made many experiments and found that the glaze properties obtained are optimum at the above-mentioned contents of the components.

In the invention, the glazed ceramic blank can be dried in a drying kiln to the water content of below 1 percent instead of natural drying. Preferably, the drying temperature in the drying kiln is 60-100 ℃, and the drying time is 1.0-3.0 h. The drying in the drying kiln can reduce the moisture in the glaze, so that the shrinkage rate of the glaze is obviously reduced in the firing process.

The invention also provides a white matt glaze ceramic, wherein the white matt glaze is sprayed on the surface of a ceramic biscuit, a ceramic product is obtained after firing, and the polished ceramic product is subjected to edge grinding and packaging. Preferably, the ceramic biscuit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: SiO 2₂63 to 65 parts of Al₂O₃21 to 22 parts, CaO 0.3 to 0.8 part, MgO 0.2 to 0.7 part, K₂O2.5-3.5 parts, Na₂0.3-0.5 part of O. The raw materials of the ceramic biscuit are better matched with the white matt glaze, the shrinkage expansion rate is similar, and the finished product rate in the firing process is higher.

Preferably, the polishing process comprises rough polishing, fine polishing, ultra-fine polishing and ultra-clean polishing. Each process of the polishing process consists of a plurality of polishing heads, a plurality of grinding blocks are centripetally distributed below each polishing head in rough polishing, fine polishing and ultra-fine polishing, and a plurality of round grinding blocks are distributed below each polishing head in ultra-clean and bright waxing; each block is driven by a separate motor. More preferably, each polishing process consists of 16 polishing heads, 6 grinding blocks are centripetally distributed below each polishing head for rough polishing, fine polishing and ultra-fine polishing, and 3 circular grinding blocks are distributed below each polishing head for ultra-clean and bright waxing; each grinding block is driven by an independent motor, and the grinding block rotates along with the small motor and simultaneously revolves along with the large motor.

In the present invention, in the specific firing process, it is preferable that the firing in S4 is performed continuously in stages in the order of an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage, and a high temperature stage. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to 450-600 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour, and the temperature is fired to 900-1000 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of 1100-1200 ℃; and firing the high-temperature section for 3 hours at the temperature of 1300-1350 ℃. An initial temperature section: the temperature is raised from the room temperature to 450-600 ℃ for 2h, and the preheating function is mainly realized. A temperature rising section: and continuously heating to 900-1000 ℃ for 1h, and further raising the temperature of the blank to prepare for later-stage sintering and manufacturing, so that the later-stage high-temperature sintering can be smoothly and quickly completed. A reduction section: the temperature is continuously raised to 1100-1200 ℃ for 3h, which is the key stage for completing the oxidation of the blank and is the early stage process for changing the soil quality to the porcelain quality. The reduction stage is to ensure sufficient firing time and complete bonding of the clay and glaze in preparation for complete ceramization in the subsequent stage. A high-temperature section: continuously heating to 1300-1350 ℃ for 3h, wherein the stage is a high-temperature reduction stage which is a key time period for forming glaze porcelain; at this time, the surface of the blank can be completely vitrified, and glittering and translucent porcelain is formed. The high temperature of the high temperature section effectively ensures the vitrification degree and whiteness of the porcelain. And after firing, cooling to 100-200 ℃, opening the kiln and taking out.

The white matt glaze provided by the invention can be added with mineral coloring materials to form various glazes with rich colors. Concretely, the adopted matt glaze is the white matt glaze raw material added with mineral coloring material accounting for 2-5% of the total weight of the raw material. The mineral colouring is a mineral colouring conventionally used in the art. Specifically, it can be lead chromate red, cadmium yellow, cobalt cyan, cobalt blue, etc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the raw material selection of the white matt glaze is obtained by long-term experience summary and experimental research of the inventor, nepheline is selected as the main fusing agent of the matt glaze, and raw materials with narrow sintering range such as albite and the like are not adopted; magnesium-containing fluxing agents of talc and dolomite; animal bone powder, dolomite and double flying powder containing calcium fluxing agent; kaolin as a suspending agent and quartz as a filler; flux frits, and the like. The frit comprises the components and the content of matte frit, and can balance the expansion coefficient of the glaze during sintering, thereby avoiding the defects of pinholes and the like. The sodium tripolyphosphate mainly plays a role of a ceramic debonder in ceramic production, improves the fluidity of the glaze slurry and improves the ceramic performance.

(2) The white matt glaze has wide sintering range due to the selection of raw materials and the content setting, has certain high-temperature porcelain properties by matching with a high-temperature sintering process, is perfectly combined with the matt glaze, and fully exerts the advantages of glittering and translucent porcelain at high temperature and warmness and smoothness brought by the matt glaze.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

The test methods or test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are conventionally obtained commercially or prepared by conventional methods.

The ceramic biscuit can be prepared according to the conventional method in the field, the preparation method is not described again, and the shape of the ceramic biscuit can be any shape; after shaping and air drying, the glaze slurry can be used for glazing by adopting the glaze slurry, and then the next procedure is carried out.

Example 1:

the preparation process of the white matt glaze ceramic product comprises the following steps:

s1, grinding 10Kg of frit for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 8-15 μm for later use; then, 20Kg of nepheline, 15Kg of talcum, 15Kg of kaolin, 5Kg of calcium carbonate, 1Kg of zirconium silicate and 0.1Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, ground for 30-35h until the particle size is 20-30 μm, and added with clinker to obtain the mixed raw material for later use.

And S2, adding water into the mixed raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain glaze slurry, controlling the solid content of the glaze slurry to be 60-65%, and then removing bubbles in vacuum for 20-25 min to obtain the glaze slurry.

S3, finely wiping the fired ceramic biscuit, cleaning the powder of the biscuit with clear water, then dipping the biscuit into the obtained glaze slurry for glazing, taking out and naturally drying to obtain a ceramic primary product; the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.05-0.1 mm.

And S4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, wherein the firing is continuously fired in stages according to an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage and a high temperature stage in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 450 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour to reach about 900 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1100 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours to about 1300 ℃. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

And S5, polishing the ceramic product, edging and packaging. The polishing process comprises rough polishing, fine polishing, ultra-fine polishing and ultra-clean polishing.

The frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (1: 5) to (1: 1: 0.5).

Example 2:

s1, grinding 15Kg of fusion cakes for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 15-20 μm for later use; then 30Kg of nepheline, 25Kg of talc, 30Kg of kaolin, 12Kg of calcium carbonate, 5Kg of zirconium silicate, 10Kg of quartz, 5Kg of dolomite, 6Kg of animal bone meal and 0.5Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, ground for 30-35h until the particle size is 30-50 μm, and added with clinker to obtain the mixed raw material for later use.

And S2, adding water into the mixed raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the solid content of the glaze slurry is 60-65%, and then removing bubbles in vacuum for 20-25 min to obtain the glaze slurry.

And S4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, wherein the firing is continuously fired in stages according to an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage and a high temperature stage in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 600 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour to reach about 1000 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1200 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours to 1350 ℃ or so. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

The frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (1) to (2) is 5: 2: 2: 2: 1.

Example 3:

s1, grinding 10Kg of fusion cakes for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 13-17 μm for later use; then 20Kg of nepheline, 15Kg of talc, 15Kg of kaolin, 5Kg of calcium carbonate, 1Kg of zirconium silicate, 1Kg of quartz, 1Kg of dolomite, 1Kg of animal bone meal and 0.1Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed according to the raw material ratio, ground for 30-35h until the particle size is 40-50 μm, and added with clinker to obtain the mixed raw material for later use.

And S4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, wherein the firing is continuously fired in stages according to an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage and a high temperature stage in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 500 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour, and the temperature is fired to about 950 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1150 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours to 1350 ℃ or so. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

The frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (1: 8) to (2: 0.7).

Example 4:

s1, grinding the 12Kg of fusion cakes for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 8-15 μm for later use; then, according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, 25Kg of nepheline, 20Kg of talcum, 25Kg of kaolin, 8Kg of calcium carbonate, 2Kg of zirconium silicate, 2Kg of quartz, 1Kg of dolomite, 1Kg of animal bone meal and 0.3Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed and ground for 30-35 hours until the particle size is 20-30 mu m, and the clinker is added to obtain the mixed raw material for later use.

S3, finely wiping the fired ceramic biscuit, cleaning the powder of the biscuit with clear water, then soaking the biscuit in the obtained glaze slip for glazing, taking out the glaze slip and naturally drying the glaze slip to obtain a ceramic primary product; the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.05-0.1 mm.

And S4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, wherein the firing is continuously fired in stages according to an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage and a high temperature stage in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 550 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour, and the temperature is fired to about 950 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1200 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours to 1350 ℃ or so. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matt glaze on the surface.

The frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (1: 8: 1: 1: 0.6).

Example 5:

s1, grinding 13Kg of frit for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 10-15 μm for later use; then, 26Kg of nepheline, 18Kg of talc, 23Kg of kaolin, 10Kg of calcium carbonate, 3Kg of zirconium silicate, 3Kg of quartz, 1Kg of dolomite, 1Kg of animal bone meal and 0.5Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed according to the mixture ratio of the raw materials, ground for 30-35h until the particle size is 30-50 μm, and added with clinker to obtain the mixed raw material for later use.

And S4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, wherein the firing is continuously fired in stages according to an initial temperature stage, a temperature rise stage, a reduction stage and a high temperature stage in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 600 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour, and the temperature is fired to about 950 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1200 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours to about 1300 ℃. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

And S5, polishing the ceramic product, edging and packaging. The polishing process comprises rough polishing, fine polishing, ultra-fine polishing and ultra-clean polishing. Each process of the polishing process consists of 16 polishing heads, 6 grinding blocks are centripetally distributed below each polishing head in rough polishing, fine polishing and ultra-fine polishing, and 3 circular grinding blocks are distributed below each polishing head in ultra-clean and bright waxing; each grinding block is driven by an independent motor, and the grinding block rotates along with the small motor and simultaneously revolves along with the large motor.

The frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (1: 6) to (1: 1.5: 0.7).

Comparative example 1:

compared with the example 1, the S4 adopts medium-temperature firing, and the specific steps are as follows:

the firing is carried out continuously and in stages according to an initial temperature section, a temperature rising section, a reduction section and a middle-high temperature section in sequence. The initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to about 450 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour to reach about 800 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1000 ℃; the high-temperature section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of about 1200 ℃. And naturally cooling after firing to obtain the ceramic product with the matte glaze on the surface.

Comparative example 2:

compared with example 1, the raw material contained no frit, and the other operations were the same as example 1.

Comparative example 3:

in comparison with example 1, the starting material contained no sodium tripolyphosphate, and the other operations were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 4:

compared with the example 2, the raw materials have the same components, but the content of each component is different from that of the example 2, and other operations are the same as the example 2. The comparative examples had the following composition contents:

8Kg of clinker, 40Kg of nepheline, 30Kg of talc, 30Kg of kaolin, 12Kg of calcium carbonate, 5Kg of zirconium silicate, 10Kg of quartz, 5Kg of dolomite, 6Kg of animal bone meal and 0.5Kg of sodium tripolyphosphate.

Performance testing

The ceramic articles finally prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to the following performance tests.

1. And (3) testing the glossiness: an intelligent luminosity tester is adopted to test the glaze glossiness according to a GB/T3295-1996 ceramic product 45-degree specular glossiness test method, and according to the measurement result, the glaze is bright when the glossiness is more than 57, matt is between 43 and 48, and matt is less than 40.

2. Testing of thermal stability and coefficient of expansion

The thermal stability of the ceramic is measured by a ceramic thermal stability measuring instrument and a thermal expansion instrument according to a measuring method of thermal shock resistance of GB/T3298-. The thermal stability (i.e., the presence or absence of glaze shrinkage, bubbles or cracks) of each ceramic article was tested by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

The test results are shown in table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramic product prepared by the white matte glaze has the advantages of good glaze glossiness matte effect, good thermal stability, and crystal clear, mild, smooth and smooth glaze. Compared with the invention, the raw materials do not contain frit or sodium tripolyphosphate, and the prepared ceramic product influences the glaze effect and the thermal stability. Compared with the method, the method adopts medium-temperature firing instead of the high-temperature firing, and the prepared ceramic product influences the glaze effect and the thermal stability. Compared with the invention, the ceramic product prepared by the method has the same raw material components but different component contents, and the performance of the ceramic product is obviously lower than that of the ceramic product prepared by the method.

In conclusion, the matt glaze has wide sintering range of glaze materials through raw material selection and content setting, has certain high-temperature porcelain properties by matching with a high-temperature sintering process, is perfectly combined with the matt glaze, and fully exerts the advantages of glittering and translucent porcelain quality at high temperature and warmness and smoothness brought by the matt glaze.

Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. The white matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of nepheline, 15-25 parts of talc, 15-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of frit, 5-12 parts of flying ash, 1-5 parts of zirconium silicate, 0-10 parts of quartz, 0-5 parts of dolomite, 0-6 parts of animal bone powder and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate;

the frit comprises the chemical composition of SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃And SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Na₂O, MgO and CaCO₃The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 5-10: 1-2: 0.5-1;

the preparation process of the white matt glaze comprises the following steps:

s1, grinding the frit for 1-2 hours until the particle size is 8-20 microns for later use; then mixing the rest raw material components according to the raw material proportion, grinding for 30-35h until the particle size is 20-50 μm, and adding the frit to obtain a mixed raw material for later use;

s2, adding water into the obtained mixed raw materials, uniformly mixing to obtain glaze slurry, wherein the solid content of the glaze slurry is 60-65%, and then removing bubbles in vacuum for 20-25 min to obtain the glaze slurry;

s3, finely wiping the fired ceramic biscuit smoothly, cleaning powder of the biscuit with clear water, then soaking the biscuit into the obtained glaze slurry for glazing, taking out the biscuit and naturally drying the biscuit to obtain a ceramic primary product; the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.05-0.1 mm;

s4, firing the obtained ceramic primary product, and then naturally cooling to obtain a ceramic product with a matte glaze on the surface; the firing is sequentially carried out by stages and continuous firing according to an initial temperature section, a temperature rising section, a reduction section and a high temperature section; the initial temperature section is heated for 2 hours to 450-600 ℃; the temperature rising section is fired for 1 hour, and the temperature is fired to 900-1000 ℃; the reduction section is fired for 3 hours at the temperature of 1100-1200 ℃; and firing for 3 hours in the high-temperature section until the temperature reaches 1300-1350 ℃.

2. The white matt glaze with wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the white matt glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of nepheline, 15-25 parts of talc, 15-30 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of frit, 5-12 parts of flying ash, 1-5 parts of zirconium silicate, 1-5 parts of quartz, 1-2 parts of dolomite, 1-2 parts of animal bone powder and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate.

3. The white matte glaze with the advantages of wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of nepheline, 20 parts of talcum, 25 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of frit, 8 parts of flying ash, 2 parts of zirconium silicate, 2 parts of quartz, 1 part of dolomite, 1 part of animal bone powder and 0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate.

4. The white matt glaze with the advantages of wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein S3 is not dried naturally, but the glazed ceramic blank is dried in a drying kiln until the water content is below 1%.

5. The white matte glaze with the advantages of wide firing range, small glazing thickness and good glaze effect according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature in a drying kiln is 60-100 ℃ and the drying time is 1.0-3.0 h.

6. A white matt glazed ceramic, which is characterized in that the white matt glaze of claim 1 is sprayed on the surface of a ceramic biscuit, a ceramic product is obtained after firing, and the ceramic product is polished, edged and packaged.

7. The white matt glaze ceramic according to claim 6, wherein the ceramic biscuit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: SiO 2₂63 to 65 parts of Al₂O₃21 to 22 parts, CaO 0.3 to 0.8 part, MgO 0.2 to 0.7 part, K₂O2.5-3.5 parts, Na₂0.3-0.5 part of O.

8. A matt glazed ceramic utensil, characterized in that the matt glaze adopted is the white matt glaze raw material of claim 1 added with mineral coloring material accounting for 2-5% of the total weight of the raw materials.