CN111589493A - Rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism and control method thereof - Google Patents
Rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111589493A CN111589493A CN202010414357.XA CN202010414357A CN111589493A CN 111589493 A CN111589493 A CN 111589493A CN 202010414357 A CN202010414357 A CN 202010414357A CN 111589493 A CN111589493 A CN 111589493A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B3/00—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming
- B02B3/04—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming by means of rollers
- B02B3/045—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming by means of rollers cooperating rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B7/00—Auxiliary devices
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a rice huller with a differential roll-pairing mechanism and a control method thereof. The invention is characterized in that: 1. the rice huller is simple and convenient to operate through a friendly human-computer interface, so that the working condition of the rice huller is clear and visible, and the rice huller is convenient and quick to adjust. 2. The linear speed and the linear speed difference of the rubber roller are set according to the variety of materials, and the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller can keep constant linear speed and linear speed difference under the control of the main control chip and the frequency converter, so that the rice huller can hull stably and reliably and is low in coarse crushing, and the flexible processing of various materials in the same production line is realized. 3. The invention can accurately detect the diameter of the rubber roller and the use condition of the rubber, automatically adjust the pressure between the rubber rollers, automatically exchange the fast roller and the slow roller according to the set time, and randomly set a certain thickness for alarming and automatically stop the machine before the rubber of the rubber roller is exhausted, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a rice huller with a differential roll-pairing mechanism and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with rice processing factory scale, automation and intensification degree are higher and higher, rice processing factory has appeared a batch semi-automatization and automation equipment, can reduce the hand labor power, can increase the accuracy and the reliability of operation again, improves production efficiency.
The rubber roller rice huller is an important grain processing equipment, and is generally used for hulling rice and other shelled materials. The main working components of the hulling mechanism are a pair of rubber rollers which are parallel to each other and have slight height difference, wherein one rubber roller is fixed in position, the other rubber roller can move, and the moving rubber roller is used for adjusting the rolling distance between the two rubber rollers. When the huller works, a differential pair-roller working principle is adopted to drive the two rubber rollers to move relatively at different speeds, and the hulling purpose is achieved under the extrusion action of the rubber rollers and the twisting and tearing action generated by the speed difference of the two rubber rollers.
When the rice huller leaves a factory, parameters such as vibration quantity of a vibration feeder and pressure between rollers are set according to empirical values, after the rice huller is started, an automatic button is pressed, and the rice huller starts a working process according to the set parameters. In actual work, the rotation speeds of the two rubber rollers are different, the abrasion degrees of the rubber layers are also different, so that the linear speed of the rubber rollers is changed, the rice husking rate is ensured to be relatively stable due to the linear speed difference, the adopted method is that the positions of the pair of rubber rollers are exchanged for many times in the process of using up the pair of rubber rollers, the workload and the time are increased, the diameters of the rubber rollers are uncertain during exchange, and the fluctuation ranges of the linear speed and the linear speed difference after exchange are larger, so that the fluctuation range of the rice husking rate is larger. In addition, when the processed varieties of rice in large processing plants change frequently, the service life of the rubber roller is difficult to count accurately, the rubber sheet is often used up during night shift, the hard friction of the rubber roller core causes a large amount of brown rice to be cracked, the different varieties of rice need different linear speeds and the processing with the linear speed difference can not be adjusted or compensated manually, and the parameters such as the pressure between the rollers and the like can only be adjusted by operators to perform fuzzy control again according to experience.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a full-automatic rice huller and a working principle thereof, which solve the problems that the diameter of a rubber roller and the use condition of rubber are accurately detected, manual exchange of the rubber roller wastes time and labor, the fluctuation range of the rice hulling rate is large after the exchange, and the linear speed difference of the rubber roller can be set arbitrarily according to the variety of materials because the variety of rice needs different linear speed and linear speed difference processing, so that the rice huller can hull stably and reliably, and the rubber roller can be set arbitrarily to have a certain thickness to alarm and automatically stop before the rubber roller is exhausted.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is a rice huller with a differential roll-setting mechanism, which comprises a lower box body and an upper box body arranged on the lower box body, and is characterized in that: the differential roll-aligning mechanism is composed of a first motor, a fixed roller shaft, a fixed rubber roller, a second motor, a rocking frame, a rocking roller shaft and a rocking rubber roller, wherein the fixed roller shaft is connected with the output end of the first motor through a first transmission device, the fixed rubber roller is sleeved on the fixed roller shaft, the rocking roller shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor through a second transmission device, the rocking roller is sleeved on the rocking roller shaft, one end of the rocking frame is rotatably connected with the upper box body through a driving device, the other end of the rocking frame is connected with the upper box body through a driving device, the second motor and the rocking roller shaft are respectively connected with the rocking frame, and the first motor, the second motor and the driving device are respectively connected with a control unit and are controlled by the control unit.
And the control unit comprises main control chip and input device, first motor converter, the second motor converter that are connected with main control chip respectively, first motor passes through first motor converter and is connected with main control chip, the second motor passes through the second motor converter and is connected with main control chip.
And the first and second transmission devices are belts.
And the driving device is an air cylinder, a rubber roller diameter detection device is also arranged on the air cylinder, and the rubber roller diameter detection device is connected with the control unit.
And the first motor frequency converter and the second motor frequency converter share a direct current bus.
And the cylinder is provided with an electric proportional valve connected with the main control unit to control the air intake and the air discharge of the cylinder so as to adjust the pressure of the cylinder.
The invention also relates to a control method of the rice huller, which comprises the following steps:
A. starting the rice huller, feeding the rice huller, sending a signal to the driving device by the control unit, driving the rocking frame to move towards the first motor by the driving device, and combining the rocking rubber roll with the fixed rubber roll under the driving of the rocking frame;
B. the rubber roller diameter detection device measures the diameter D of the rubber roller and transmits the data to the main control chip;
C. inputting the linear speed difference M2 and the linear speed sum M1 into a main control chip through an input device according to different types of processed grains;
D. calculating a fast roll frequency F1 and a slow roll frequency F2, wherein F1= [ (M1 + M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500-30) × 2 ], F2= [ (M1-M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500+30) × 2 ];
E. the main control chip controls the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter to work according to a fast roller frequency F1 and a slow roller frequency F2 respectively, so that the first motor and the second motor are controlled to drive the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller to work according to a constant linear speed sum and a constant linear speed difference respectively;
F. and returning to the step B and circulating in the same way until the rice huller is shut down.
And when the rice huller begins to work, a fixed time length T is set and is input into the main control chip through the input device, and the main control chip controls the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter to interchange the current working frequency after the rice huller works for the fixed time length T.
And when the rice huller starts to work, a target pressure value P is set, and the main control chip controls the electric proportional valve on the air cylinder to work according to the set target pressure value P, so that air intake or exhaust of the air cylinder is controlled, and the pressure between the rollers of the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller is kept constant.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the rice huller is simple and convenient to operate through a friendly human-computer interface, so that the working condition of the rice huller is clear and visible, and the rice huller is convenient and quick to adjust. 2. The linear speed and the linear speed difference of the rubber roller are set according to the variety of materials, and the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller can keep constant linear speed and linear speed difference under the control of the main control chip and the frequency converter, so that the rice huller can hull stably and reliably and is low in coarse crushing, and the flexible processing of various materials in the same production line is realized. 3. The invention can accurately detect the diameter of the rubber roller and the use condition of the rubber, automatically adjust the pressure between the rubber rollers, automatically exchange the fast roller and the slow roller according to the set time, and randomly set a certain thickness for alarming and automatically stop the machine before the rubber of the rubber roller is exhausted, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a roll aligning mechanism of a rice huller;
fig. 2 is a left side view of the rice huller;
fig. 3 is a right side view of the rice huller;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a connection relationship of an electric control portion;
fig. 5 is a logic step diagram of the rice huller control method.
Detailed Description
Referring to FIGS. 1-5, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A1. The rubber roller diameter detection device comprises a first motor, an A2 fixed roller shaft, an A3 fixed rubber roller, an A4 second motor, an A5 rocking frame, an A6 rocking rubber roller, an A7. rocking roller shaft, a A8. driving device, a B1 upper box, a B2 lower box, a B3 control unit, a B4. input device, a C1 rubber roller diameter detection device C2. main control chip C3, a first motor frequency converter C4, a second motor frequency converter, a rubber roller, a,
The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, in particular to a rice huller with a differential roll-setting mechanism, which comprises a lower box body B2 and an upper box body B1 arranged on a lower box body B2, and is characterized in that: the differential roll-aligning mechanism comprises a first motor A1, a fixed roller A2, a fixed rubber roller A3, a second motor A4, a rocking frame A5, a rocking roller A6 and a rocking rubber roller A7, wherein the fixed roller A2 is connected with the output end of the first motor A1 through a first transmission device, the fixed rubber roller A3 is sleeved on the fixed roller A2, the rocking roller A7 is connected with the output end of the second motor A4 through a second transmission device, the rocking roller A6 is sleeved on the rocking roller A7, one end of the rocking frame A5 is rotatably connected with an upper box B1, the other end of the rocking frame A5 is connected with an upper box B1 through a driving device A8, the second motor A4 and the rocking roller A7 are respectively connected with the rocking frame A5, and the first motor A1, the second motor A4 and the driving device A8 are respectively connected with a control unit B3 and are controlled by the control unit 3.
The first and second motors A1 and A4 can be variable frequency motors, and can change the working frequency and the rotating speed by receiving signals of a control unit.
And the control unit B3 comprises a main control chip C2, and an input device B4, a first motor frequency converter C3 and a second motor frequency converter C4 which are respectively connected with the main control chip C2, wherein the first motor a1 is connected with the main control chip C5 through the first motor frequency converter C3, and the second motor a4 is connected with the main control chip C5 through the second motor frequency converter C4.
An operator sends an instruction to the main control chip C2 through the input device B4 and sets various working condition parameters of the rice huller, and the first motor frequency converter C3 and the second motor frequency converter C4 receive signals sent by the main control chip and adjust the frequency in real time according to the working condition requirements, so that the first motor A1 and the second motor A4 connected with the first motor frequency converter and the second motor frequency converter are controlled to change the rotating speed, and constant linear speed sum and linear speed difference are maintained.
The further technical scheme can be that the first transmission device and the second transmission device are belts.
The first motor A1 and the fixed roller A2 can be driven by a belt or a transmission chain, and the second motor A4 and the rocking roller A7 are the same.
The driving device A8 is an air cylinder, a rubber roller diameter detection device C1 is further arranged on the air cylinder, and the rubber roller diameter detection device C1 is connected with the control unit B3.
A pair of rubber rollers which move relatively rotate all the time in the working process and are continuously worn dynamically, and real-time rubber roller diameter data cannot be obtained through a contact type sensor. A rubber roll diameter detection device C1 is arranged on an air cylinder for controlling roller combination, and the abrasion condition of the rubber roll is converted through the displacement change of the air cylinder. The automatic exchange of the fast and slow rollers ensures that the two rubber rollers are almost in the same thickness at any time, and the abrasion size of the rubber roller obtained by the air cylinder is directly divided by 2 to obtain the abrasion loss of a single rubber roller, so that the diameter of the rubber roller is converted.
The rubber remaining thickness of rubber roll can be worked out through the thickness of rubber roll in addition, as long as through automatic control logic, can report to the police at certain thickness before the rubber consumes totally, and thickness can be set for by the user, if report to the police and not changed the rubber roll yet, can set up converter and driving motor and shut down under certain remaining thickness.
And the first motor frequency converter C3 and the second motor frequency converter C4 share a direct current bus.
Because the two rubber rollers work fast and slow when the rollers are combined, the situation that the fast roller works positively and the slow roller works negatively can occur at the same time. At this time, the direct current buses of the frequency converters of the first motor and the second motor are required to be connected together so as to achieve the purpose of recovering electric energy. Because the fast roller overcomes the paddy resistance and does work, and simultaneously, the fast roller also does work to the slow roller, the output torque required by the motor is larger than that of the common rice huller, but the slow roller is in a power generation state when doing negative work, and then the electric energy is recovered in a mode of sharing a bus, so that the actual power consumption of the whole system is far less than the power consumption of the independent heavy load operation of the two motors.
The further technical proposal can also be that the cylinder is provided with an electric proportional valve which is connected with the main control unit B3 to control the air intake and the air discharge of the cylinder so as to adjust the pressure of the cylinder.
The stable and consistent work of the rice huller is ensured by constant linear speed and air pressure between the rollers, and the invention adopts an electric proportional valve to realize the automatic adjustment of the air pressure between the rollers. Rice huller passes through the cylinder and closes the roller, because the stroke of cylinder does not walk completely, then cylinder atmospheric pressure is big more, then pressure between the roller is big more, otherwise then is little. The pressure between the rollers can be more conveniently adjusted by utilizing the air inlet pressure control of the electric proportional valve.
The invention also relates to a control method of the rice huller, which comprises the following steps:
A. starting the rice huller, feeding the rice huller, sending a signal to a driving device A8 by a control unit B3, driving the rocking frame A5 to move towards a first motor A1 by the driving device A8, and closing the rocking rubber roller A6 with a fixed rubber roller A3 under the driving of the rocking frame A5;
B. the rubber roller diameter detection device C1 detects the rubber roller diameter D and transmits the data to the main control chip C2;
C. according to different types of processed grains, the linear speed difference M1 and the linear speed difference M2 are input into a main control chip C2 through an input device B4;
D. calculating a fast roll frequency F1 and a slow roll frequency F2, wherein F1= [ (M1 + M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500-30) × 2 ], F2= [ (M1-M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500+30) × 2 ];
E. the main control chip C2 controls the first and second frequency converters C3 and C4 to respectively work according to the fast roller frequency F1 and the slow roller frequency F2, thereby controlling the first and second motors A1 and A4 to respectively drive the fixed rubber roller A3 and the shaking rubber roller A6 to work according to the constant linear speed and the linear speed difference;
F. and returning to the step B and circulating in the same way until the rice huller is shut down.
The user sets the required linear speed and the linear speed difference through the input device B4, the system can automatically calculate the fast and slow roller frequencies F1 and F2 corresponding to the current rubber roller thickness through a formula, and dynamically updates, so as to realize that the whole rice huller runs according to the set linear speed and the linear speed difference in the running process. The calculation principle of the fast and slow roller frequencies F1 and F2 is as follows:
v1: fast roll speed (m/s) V2: low roll speed (m/s)
M1: linear velocity and (M/s) M2: line speed difference (m/s)
R1 fast roll speed (R/min) R2 slow roll speed (R/min)
F1 fast roll frequency (Hz) F2 Slow roll frequency (Hz)
D: rubber roll diameter (mm)
Wherein the linear speed M1 and the linear speed difference M2 input specific numerical values according to the processed rice variety, and the diameter D of the rubber roller is calculated by the diameter detection device of the rubber roller;
since M1= V1 + V2, M2= V1-V2
So V1= (M1 + M2)/2, V2= (M1-M2)/2
Since V1= R1 × D, V2= R2 × D
So R1= (M1 + M2). times.D/2, R2= (M1-M2). times.D/2
The rubber roller needs to change frequency continuously in the process of abrasion because the diameter is reduced continuously so as to keep constant linear speed and linear speed difference. As one of the two motors is used for positive work and the other is used for negative work in the operation process of the whole system, the slip ratio of the fast roller used for positive work is about 3 percent of the normal slip ratio, and the slip ratio of the slow roller used for negative work is about-3 percent. Because of this relationship, we need to correct the original frequency-velocity relationship when calculating the rubber roll velocity. In the calculation of the frequency, because the fast roller performs positive work and the slow roller performs negative work, when the rotating speed of the motor in idle load is 1500R/m, the rotating speed of the fast roller is R1= F1/50 x (1500-30), the rotating speed of the slow roller is R2= F2/50 x (1500+30),
so F1= [ (M1 + M2). times.D.times.50 ]/[ (1500-30). times.2 ],
F2=［（M1－M2）×D×50］/［(1500+30)×2］
the rotating speeds of the two rubber rollers can be accurately controlled through the calculated fast roller frequency F1 and slow roller frequency F2, so that the constant linear speed sum and linear speed difference is kept, the rice huller is stable and reliable in hulling, coarse crushing is low, and flexible processing of various materials in the same production line is realized.
And when the rice huller starts to work, a fixed time length T is set and is input into the main control chip C2 through the input device B4, and after the rice huller works for the fixed time length T, the main control chip C2 controls the first frequency converter C3 and the second frequency converter C4 to exchange the current working frequency.
The wearing and tearing speed of rice huller two relative motion's rubber roll is different at the operation in-process, and the roller wearing and tearing are fast more, and the roller wearing and tearing are slow slightly slowly down, develop like this and will appear that the glue of one of them rubber roll can wear out end by end earlier, but another rubber roll is still half. The problem can be easily solved by applying the frequency converter, and the frequency of the fast and slow rollers can be exchanged regularly only through automatic control logic, so that the rubber rollers can be ensured to be worn at almost the same speed, and finally, the rubber rollers are consumed at the same time. The operation worker only needs to replace the new roller at the time point when the two rubber rollers are used up simultaneously, and the maintenance time of the machine is greatly reduced.
The further technical scheme can also be that when the rice huller starts to work, a target pressure value P is set, the main control chip C2 controls the electric proportional valve on the air cylinder to work according to the set target pressure value P, so that air intake or exhaust of the air cylinder is controlled, and the pressure between the rollers of the fixed rubber roller A3 and the shaking rubber roller A6 is kept constant.
An operator can set B4 through the input device, conveniently and accurately adjust the air inlet pressure and control the pressure between the rollers.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a rice huller with differential pair roller mechanism, includes box, sets up the last box on box down to and set up the level sensor at the feed inlet, its characterized in that: the differential roll-aligning mechanism is composed of a first motor, a fixed roller shaft, a fixed rubber roller, a second motor, a rocking frame, a rocking roller shaft and a rocking rubber roller, wherein the fixed roller shaft is connected with the output end of the first motor through a first transmission device, the fixed rubber roller is sleeved on the fixed roller shaft, the rocking roller shaft is connected with the output end of the second motor through a second transmission device, the rocking roller is sleeved on the rocking roller shaft, one end of the rocking frame is rotatably connected with the upper box body through a driving device, the other end of the rocking frame is connected with the upper box body through a driving device, the second motor and the rocking roller shaft are respectively connected with the rocking frame, and the first motor, the second motor and the driving device are respectively connected with a control unit and are controlled by the control unit.
2. The rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the control unit comprises a main control chip, and an input device, a first motor frequency converter and a second motor frequency converter which are respectively connected with the main control chip, wherein the first motor is connected with the main control chip through the first motor frequency converter, and the second motor is connected with the main control chip through the second motor frequency converter.
3. The rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first transmission device and the second transmission device are belts.
4. The rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the driving device is an air cylinder, a rubber roller diameter detection device is further arranged on the air cylinder, and the rubber roller diameter detection device is connected with the control unit.
5. The rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first motor frequency converter and the second motor frequency converter share a direct current bus.
6. Rice huller with differential roll-pairing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cylinder is provided with an electric proportional valve connected with the main control unit so as to control the air intake and the air discharge of the cylinder, thereby adjusting the pressure of the cylinder.
7. A method for controlling a rice huller with a differential roll-pairing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
starting the rice huller, feeding the rice huller, sending a signal to the driving device by the control unit, driving the rocking frame to move towards the first motor by the driving device, and combining the rocking rubber roll with the fixed rubber roll under the driving of the rocking frame;
the rubber roller diameter detection device measures the diameter D of the rubber roller and transmits the data to the main control chip;
inputting the linear speed difference M2 and the linear speed sum M1 into a main control chip through an input device according to different types of processed grains;
D. calculating a fast roll frequency F1 and a slow roll frequency F2, wherein F1= [ (M1 + M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500-30) × 2 ], F2= [ (M1-M2) × D × 50 ]/[ (1500+30) × 2 ];
E. the main control chip controls the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter to work according to a fast roller frequency F1 and a slow roller frequency F2 respectively, so that the first motor and the second motor are controlled to drive the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller to work according to a constant linear speed sum and a constant linear speed difference respectively;
F. and returning to the step B and circulating in the same way until the rice huller is shut down.
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the rice huller starts to work, a fixed time length T is set and is input into the main control chip through the input device, and the main control chip controls the first frequency converter and the second frequency converter to interchange the current working frequency after the rice huller works for the fixed time length T.
9. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the rice huller starts to work, a target pressure value P is set, the main control chip controls the electric proportional valve on the air cylinder to work according to the set target pressure value P, so that air intake or exhaust of the air cylinder is controlled, and the pressure between the rollers of the fixed rubber roller and the shaking rubber roller is kept constant.
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| CN114308199A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-12 | 胡经文 | Rice preparation process information tracking system |
| CN114308194A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 长沙荣业软件有限公司 | Rice huller and intelligent control system thereof |
| CN114534829A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-27 | 长沙万华机器有限公司 | Intelligent control method and system of rice huller and rice huller |
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