CN111588025A - Preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2 - Google Patents
Preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111588025A CN111588025A CN202010456154.7A CN202010456154A CN111588025A CN 111588025 A CN111588025 A CN 111588025A CN 202010456154 A CN202010456154 A CN 202010456154A CN 111588025 A CN111588025 A CN 111588025A
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- mushroom powder
- vitamin
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vitamin D2 Natural products C1CCC2(C)C(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)CCC2C1=CC=C1CC(O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229960002061 ergocalciferol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 235000001892 vitamin D2 Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011653 vitamin D2 Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008169 grapeseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000007442 rickets Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000005368 osteomalacia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQOCXCFLRBRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-cholesta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CCC(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 RQOCXCFLRBRBCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-1-oxo-3h-2-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-methyl-3h-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OCC2=C(C)C([C@@H](O)CN2CCN(CC2)C[C@H](O)C2=CC=C3C(=O)OCC3=C2C)=C1 OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-Dehydrostigmasterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UCTLRSWJYQTBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydrocholesterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)CCCC(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 UCTLRSWJYQTBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-NXVQYWJNSA-N Ergosterol Natural products CC(C)[C@@H](C)C=C[C@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2C3=CC=C4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@H]3CC[C@]12C DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-NXVQYWJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039984 Senile osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047626 Vitamin D Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940069978 calcium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009982 effect on human Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001339 epidermal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-SOWFXMKYSA-N ergosterol Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H](CC[C@]3([C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]33)C)C3=CC=C21 DNVPQKQSNYMLRS-SOWFXMKYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013376 functional food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000013632 homeostatic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/045—Organic compounds containing nitrogen as heteroatom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
- A23L33/155—Vitamins A or D
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/36—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using irradiation with frequencies of more than 10 MHz
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/40—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products free-flowing powder or instant powder, i.e. powder which is reconstituted rapidly when liquid is added
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/40—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products free-flowing powder or instant powder, i.e. powder which is reconstituted rapidly when liquid is added
- A23P10/47—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products free-flowing powder or instant powder, i.e. powder which is reconstituted rapidly when liquid is added using additives, e.g. emulsifiers, wetting agents or dust-binding agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of health products, and particularly relates to a preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2. The mushroom powder vitamin D2 prepared by the method can extract vitamin D2 with higher content from mushrooms, can reach 2634.9 mug/g, is safer and more stable for the extracted vitamin D2, is more beneficial to absorption of human bodies, has no side effect on the human bodies, and can be used in processed foods for supplementing vitamin D2, medicaments for preventing and treating diseases lack of vitamin D2 and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of health products, and particularly relates to a preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2.
Background
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, which is regarded as a hormone precursor acting on calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and has a close relationship with sunlight, so it is also called "sunlight vitamin". Vitamin D has multiple biological functions, can regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism, bone homeostasis and the like, can also be used as a judgment index for whether calcium supplement is needed, and has new progress on the research on new biological functions of vitamin D recently, such as the regulation and control of immune system and the regulation and control of cell proliferation and differentiation. Vitamin D deficiency can not only lead to rickets in children, osteoporosis in adults and osteomalacia, but also be related to 16 tumors and other chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, autoimmune diseases and the like. The investigation shows that the deficiency of vitamin D is more serious in the world at present, and the investigation research finds that children, old people, pregnant women and black people in the population are most prone to lack of vitamin D. Closely related forms to health are vitamin D2 and vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 can be obtained by isomerization of 7-dehydrocholesterol in human epidermal cells after sunlight irradiation, whereas vitamin D2 cannot be synthesized by human body itself. The incidence of osteomalacia, rickets and senile osteoporosis of children in China is high, so that various dietary ways for supplementing the vitamin D2 level of the body are necessarily sought.
Researches show that the mushroom contains high vitamin D2 synthesized precursor, namely ergosterol, and can be used as an important material of high vitamin D functional food. Recent studies by the medical institutions in the united states have found that irradiation of fresh mushrooms, grown or freshly picked, with ultraviolet light enables the mushrooms to synthesize a large amount of vitamin D. Researchers irradiated the picked fresh white round mushrooms with an ultraviolet lamp for 5 minutes, produced a large amount of vitamin D, which was 8.69 times as much as the daily requirement of the human body. The vitamin D content of the growing mushrooms was also significantly increased by irradiating them with ultraviolet rays for 3 hours. These experiments confirmed that mushrooms can increase vitamin D after sun exposure. The calcium absorption and utilization of calcium can be promoted by increasing the intake of vitamin D while people supplement calcium, so that a great amount of vitamin D2 brought by mushrooms is undoubtedly a good choice.
The human body ingests vitamin D2 mainly through dietetic invigoration and sunbathing, but generally, the content of vitamin D2 in natural foods is low, and the lean meat, milk and nuts contain trace vitamin D2, while vegetables, grains, products thereof and fruits contain little or almost no vitamin D2, and part of people suffering from skin diseases and people who live at night may not be able to supplement vitamin D2 through sunbathing.
The vitamin D2 derived from edible fungi is widely applied to health food and health food in the food industry, but most of the vitamin D2 is applied to products in the form of powder, in the application of solid products, the problem of content deviation is easily caused when target products are delivered and detected due to the problem of mixing uniformity, and in the application of liquid products, the problems of precipitation and the like are easily caused because the edible fungi are not dissolved in water or oil and only exist in the target products in a suspension state. In addition, the edible fungi needs to be dried, and the degradation or isomerization of vitamin D2 is serious due to the influence of high temperature and oxygen in the drying process, so that the yield of vitamin D2 is low.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a vitamin D2 supplement prepared from mushrooms, which has a high vitamin D2 content, is safe and stable, has no side effects on human bodies, is more easily absorbed by human bodies, and is suitable for preparing various foods, health products and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2, the mushroom powder vitamin D2 prepared by the method can extract vitamin D2 with higher content from mushrooms, can reach 2634.9 mug/g, and the extracted vitamin D2 is safer and more stable, is more beneficial to the absorption of human bodies, has no side effect on the human bodies, can be used in processed foods for supplementing vitamin D2, medicaments for preventing and treating diseases lacking vitamin D2 and the like,
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 30-120min with ultraviolet rays;
s2, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the mushrooms irradiated by the ultraviolet rays in the step S1 for 30-60 min at the temperature of-10 to-50 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1.3-13 Pa;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation;
and S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated in the step S4 by hot air, crushing and grinding the dried mushroom powder mixture, and sieving the crushed mushroom powder mixture by a 200-300-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder mixture.
Further, the ultraviolet light adopted in the step S1 is a combination of a UVA band with a wavelength of 350 to 410nm and a UVB band with a wavelength of 290 to 300 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 3-6J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 90-110 mJ/cm2。
Further, the ultraviolet light used in the step S1 is a combination of a UVA band having a wavelength of 390nm and a UVB band having a wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2。
Further, the composite additive in the step S3 is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to a weight ratio of 5-15: 4-9: 1-4.
Further, the composite additive in the step S3 is composed of grapeseed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to a weight ratio of 12:7: 3.
Further, the mushroom powder after freeze-drying in the step S3 and the compound additive are mixed according to a weight ratio of 1: (0.2-0.35).
Further, the mushroom powder after freeze-drying in the step S3 and the compound additive are mixed according to a weight ratio of 1: 0.28.
Further, the irradiation dose in the step S4 is 220-280 Gy.
Further, the irradiation dose in the step S4 is 260 Gy.
Further, the temperature of the hot air drying adopted in the step S5 is 55-75 ℃.
In addition, the invention also provides mushroom powder vitamin D2 prepared by the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2.
Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a mushroom powder prepared by the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2, and an application of the edible mushroom powder in preparing foods, health products, medical formula foods, infant formula foods, which can be directly eaten or added to foods, health products, special meals, medical formula foods, and infant formula foods.
The preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2 provided by the invention mainly adopts a technical means of combining ultraviolet irradiation and cobalt-60 irradiation of mushrooms, and the applicant unexpectedly discovers that the two technical means are combined, so that the content of the vitamin D2 in the mushroom powder is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the number of floras in the mushroom powder can be reduced under the condition that other preservatives and bactericides are not added into the prepared mushroom powder, the stability of the mushroom powder is ensured, and no side effect is caused to a human body.
In addition, in the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2 provided by the invention, the compound additive which is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to a certain proportion is added during preparation, and the invention unexpectedly discovers that the content of the vitamin D2 in the prepared mushroom powder can be effectively improved when a certain amount of sodium ascorbate is added, and the data of the second test example show that the content of the vitamin D2 in the mushroom powder prepared in the example 2 of the invention is up to 2634.9 mug/g.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2 provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2 provided by the invention combines the technical means of ultraviolet irradiation and cobalt-60 irradiation, the obtained mushroom powder vitamin D2 is high in content, the product is fine and uniform, the mushroom powder vitamin D2 is a natural source, has the effects of enhancing calcium absorption, adjusting serum calcium and phosphorus concentration, preventing rickets and osteoporosis and the like, can be directly eaten, and can also be added into food, health products, medical formula food and infant formula food.
(2) In the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2, the added compound additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to a certain proportion, and is in mutual synergistic effect with mushroom powder, and meanwhile, the mushroom powder and the compound additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: (0.2-0.35), the content of vitamin D2 in the prepared mushroom powder can be effectively improved, the utilization rate of active ingredients in the mushrooms is maximized,
(3) the preparation method of the mushroom powder vitamin D2 provided by the invention can still maintain the product quality and the product stability under the condition that other preservatives and bactericides are not added, has high vitamin D2 content which can reach 2634.9 mu g/g, has no side effect on human bodies, and has high safety performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention, and various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art based on the basic idea of the invention, but the invention is within the protection scope of the invention.
Wherein, the reagents used in the invention are all common reagents and can be purchased from common reagent production and sale companies.
Example 1A preparation method of vitamin D2 in mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 30min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray adopted in the step S1 is a combination of a UVA wave band with the wavelength of 350nm and a UVB wave band with the wavelength of 290 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 3J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 90mJ/cm2。
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated by ultraviolet in step S1 at-50 deg.C under vacuum degree of 1.3 Pa for 30 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 5:9: 4; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.35;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 220Gy
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air at the drying temperature of 55 ℃, crushing and grinding the mixture, and sieving the crushed mixture with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
Example 2A preparation method of vitamin D2 in mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 90min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray is the combination of UVA wave band with the wavelength of 390nm and UVB wave band with the wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2；
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-30 deg.C and vacuum degree of 8.5 Pa for 50 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 12:7: 3; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.28 composition;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 260 Gy.
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air, grinding the mushroom powder mixture at 65 ℃, and screening the mushroom powder mixture by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
Example 3A preparation method of vitamin D2 in mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 120min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet light used in step S1 is a combination of a UVA band with a wavelength of 410nm and a UVB band with a wavelength of 300 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 6J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 110mJ/cm2。
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-10 deg.C and vacuum degree of 13 Pa for 60 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to a weight ratio of 15:4: 1; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.2;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 280Gy
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air at 75 ℃, crushing and grinding the mixture, and sieving the crushed mixture with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
Comparative example 1 preparation method of vitamin D2 from mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 90min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray is the combination of UVA wave band with the wavelength of 390nm and UVB wave band with the wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2；
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-30 deg.C and vacuum degree of 8.5 Pa for 50 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 12:7: 3; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.28 composition;
s4, drying the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 by hot air, grinding the mixture at 65 ℃, and sieving the ground mixture with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder mixture.
The difference from example 2 is that the mushroom powder vitamin D2 is prepared without irradiation treatment.
Comparative example 3 preparation method of vitamin D2 in mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 90min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray is the combination of UVA wave band with the wavelength of 390nm and UVB wave band with the wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2；
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-30 deg.C and vacuum degree of 8.5 Pa for 50 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 1; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.28 composition;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 260 Gy.
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air, grinding the mushroom powder mixture at 65 ℃, and screening the mushroom powder mixture by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
The difference from the embodiment 2 is that the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 1:1: 1.
Comparative example 3 preparation method of vitamin D2 in mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 90min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray is the combination of UVA wave band with the wavelength of 390nm and UVB wave band with the wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2；
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-30 deg.C and vacuum degree of 8.5 Pa for 50 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil and olive oil according to the weight ratio of 12: 7; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.28 composition;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 260 Gy.
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air, grinding the mushroom powder mixture at 65 ℃, and screening the mushroom powder mixture by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
The difference from the embodiment 2 is that sodium ascorbate is not added in the compound additive.
Comparative example 4 preparation method of vitamin D2 from mushroom powder
A method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushroom, air drying, and irradiating for 90min by ultraviolet rays; the ultraviolet ray is the combination of UVA wave band with the wavelength of 390nm and UVB wave band with the wavelength of 295 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 5J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 100mJ/cm2；
S2, vacuum freeze drying the mushroom irradiated with ultraviolet in step S1 at-30 deg.C and vacuum degree of 8.5 Pa for 50 min;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture; the composite additive is composed of grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate according to the weight ratio of 12:7: 3; the mushroom powder after freeze drying and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.5;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation; the irradiation dose is 260 Gy.
S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated and filtered in the step S4 by hot air, grinding the mushroom powder mixture at 65 ℃, and screening the mushroom powder mixture by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder.
The difference from the example 2 is that the mushroom powder after freeze-drying in the step S3 and the composite additive are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.5.
Test example I, detection of the number of colonies
1. Test materials: vitamin D2 was obtained from mushroom powder prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
2. And (3) test results: the total number of colonies, coliforms and pathogenic bacteria of vitamin D2 in the mushroom powder were measured using vitamin D2 from the mushroom powder prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively, and the obtained measurement data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 detection results of the number of bacterial colonies
| Group of | Total number of colonies (cfu/g) | Escherichia coli (MPN/g) | Pathogenic bacteria/25 g |
| Example 1 | 238 | ＜0.2 | Is free of |
| Example 2 | 225 | ＜0.2 | Is free of |
| Example 3 | 257 | ＜0.3 | Is free of |
| Comparative example 1 | 992 | ＜0.8 | Is provided with |
| Comparative example 2 | 357 | ＜0.3 | Is free of |
| Comparative example 3 | 420 | ＜0.4 | Is provided with |
| Comparative example 4 | 320 | ＜0.3 | Is free of |
The results in table 1 show that the microbial indicators (total number of colonies and coliform group) of the mushroom powder obtained by the preparation method of the present invention in examples 1 to 3 are significantly better than those in comparative examples 1 to 4, no pathogenic bacteria are detected, and the food safety requirements are met, wherein the best effect of example 2 is the best example of the present invention. As can be seen from example 2 and comparative example 1, when irradiation with cobalt-60 was not used, the total number of colonies of the prepared mushroom powder was increased by 767cfu/g, the number of Escherichia coli was also increased to some extent, and pathogenic bacteria were detected. Meanwhile, the total number of colonies and escherichia coli in the comparative examples 2-4 are increased to a certain degree, which shows that the preparation method provided by the invention has the synergistic effect of the steps and is matched with the added composite additive, so that the safety and the stability of the prepared mushroom powder are effectively improved.
Test example II detection of vitamin D content in Mushroom powder
1. Test materials: vitamin D2 was obtained from mushroom powder prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
2. And (3) test results: the content of vitamin D2 in the mushroom powder vitamin D2 prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was measured, and the measurement data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 detection of vitamin D content in Mushroom powder
As can be seen from the results of Table 2, the content of vitamin D2 in examples 1 to 3 using the preparation method of the present invention was up to 2634.9. mu.g/g; as can be seen from comparison of comparative example 1 with example 2, the treatment of mushrooms with ultraviolet irradiation and the treatment of mushroom powder with cobalt-60 irradiation effectively increased the vitamin D2 content; compared with the comparative examples 2-4, the content of vitamin D2 in the prepared mushroom powder is greatly reduced when the components and the addition amount of the compound additive are changed, which shows that the components and the addition amount of the compound additive added in the invention are synergistic with the preparation method of the invention, so that the content of vitamin D2 in the prepared mushroom powder can be effectively increased, and the loss of vitamin D2 is avoided.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of mushroom powder vitamin D2 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, taking the cleaned mushrooms, airing, and irradiating for 30-120min by using ultraviolet rays;
s2, carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the mushrooms irradiated by the ultraviolet rays in the step S1 for 30-60 min at the temperature of-10 to-50 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1.3-13 Pa;
s3, crushing the mushrooms subjected to vacuum freeze drying in the step S2, sieving the crushed mushrooms with a 10-60-mesh sieve, adding the compound additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mushroom powder mixture;
s4, placing the mushroom powder mixture obtained in the step S3 into a preservation box, sealing the box, and then placing the preservation box into a cobalt-60 irradiation source field for irradiation;
and S5, drying the mushroom powder mixture irradiated in the step S4 by hot air, crushing and grinding the dried mushroom powder mixture, and sieving the crushed mushroom powder mixture by a 200-300-mesh sieve to obtain the mushroom powder mixture.
2. The method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet rays used in the step S1 are a combination of a UVA band having a wavelength of 350 to 410nm and a UVB band having a wavelength of 290 to 300 nm; the irradiation dose of the UVB is 3-6J/cm2The irradiation dose of the UVC is 90-110 mJ/cm2。
3. The method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to claim 1, wherein the composite additive in step S3 is grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate in a weight ratio of 5-15: 4-9: 1-4.
4. The method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 of claim 3, wherein the complex additive of step S3 is grape seed oil, olive oil and sodium ascorbate in a weight ratio of 12:7: 3.
5. The method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom powder after freeze-drying in the step S3 is mixed with the complex additive in a weight ratio of 1: (0.2-0.35).
6. The method for preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation dose in the step S4 is 220-280 Gy.
7. The method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 of claim 6, wherein the irradiation dose in the step S4 is 260 Gy.
8. The method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot air drying used in the step S5 is 55 to 75 ℃.
9. Mushroom powder vitamin D2 produced by the method for producing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of mushroom powder vitamin D2 prepared by the method of preparing mushroom powder vitamin D2 according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in preparing food, health products, medical formula food, infant formula food.
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