CN111578284B - Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111578284B
CN111578284B CN202010418559.1A CN202010418559A CN111578284B CN 111578284 B CN111578284 B CN 111578284B CN 202010418559 A CN202010418559 A CN 202010418559A CN 111578284 B CN111578284 B CN 111578284B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
hopper
biomass
air distribution
temperature sensors
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202010418559.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111578284A (en
Inventor
齐永锋
单小伟
王妹婷
赵凌志
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yangzhou University
Original Assignee
Yangzhou University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yangzhou University filed Critical Yangzhou University
Priority to CN202010418559.1A priority Critical patent/CN111578284B/en
Publication of CN111578284A publication Critical patent/CN111578284A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111578284B publication Critical patent/CN111578284B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F23G5/004—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates with endless travelling grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/06—Regulating air supply or draught by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/105—Furnace arrangements with endless chain or travelling grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/104—Arrangement of sensing devices for CO or CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply

Abstract

A chain furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and an operation method thereof comprise a chain furnace main body, a feeding device, a mixing device, a temperature measuring device, a smoke measuring device and an air distribution device. The feeding device comprises three layers of hoppers for conveying biomass and household garbage, and the regulator can be used for regulating the feeding amount. The temperature measuring device comprises three groups of temperature sensors, the air distribution device divides an air chamber of the chain furnace into three air parts, the air inlet branch pipes are connected with the mass flow meter, and the valve opening of the mass flow meter and the feeding amount of each layer of hopper are adjusted according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensors and CO sensors. The rotatable longitudinal air distribution plate is arranged in the air chamber, the air supply quantity from the front end to the rear end of each air chamber can be adjusted, and the air distribution is delayed or the air distribution is performed as early as possible, so that the purpose of uniform combustion is achieved. The biomass combustion system has clear operation principle, realizes the resource treatment of the household garbage to realize the waste utilization while improving the biomass combustion efficiency, and can create economic benefit.

Description

Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial boiler combustion, relates to a chain grate furnace, and particularly relates to a chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and an operation method thereof.
Background
Biomass can be a widely available and readily available renewable clean energy source. As a resource with abundant reserves, biomass energy has already occupied an important position in energy composition, and is the fourth largest energy following coal, petroleum and natural gas. The chain grate furnace is used as an industrial boiler with higher mechanization degree and is quite common in the field of biomass combustion of medium-capacity boilers. The chain grate furnace has a simple structure, and the automatic monitoring equipment is imperfect, so that the operation efficiency of the chain grate furnace is low, the biomass resource is greatly wasted, and pollutants such as greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides and the like are discharged in a large amount.
With the improvement of national economic level, the yield of domestic garbage is increased day by day, but the domestic garbage treatment capacity matched with the domestic garbage is far from meeting the requirement. The household garbage incineration power generation is taken as a household garbage treatment means, occupies less land, can realize the recycling and harmless utilization of the household garbage, and is popular in all the world. But the domestic garbage has the characteristics of high water content and the like, and the independent combustion treatment can cause the instability of a system and bring about the problems of low energy conversion efficiency and the like. The biomass and the household garbage are mixed and combusted, so that the problem of high moisture content of the household garbage is solved, and the energy conversion efficiency of the household garbage is improved.
Therefore, it is urgent to design a stoker furnace for mixed combustion of biomass and domestic garbage and a combustion control method thereof, around the combustion characteristics of biomass and domestic garbage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chain grate furnace for the synergistic combustion of biomass and household garbage and an operation method thereof aiming at the combustion characteristics of the biomass and the household garbage. The automatic monitoring feedback adjustment is carried out, so that stable combustion in the furnace is realized, the operation efficiency of the chain furnace is effectively improved, and the resource utilization of biomass and household garbage is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a gasification furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion is characterized by comprising a chain furnace main body, a feeding device, a mixing device, a temperature measuring device, a smoke measuring device and an air distribution device; the feeding device comprises three layers of hoppers, namely a first hopper, a second hopper and a third hopper from top to bottom in sequence; the mixing device comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of spiral stirrers and a lifting device, and can select whether the fuel is mixed and combusted according to different fuel characteristics; the temperature measuring device comprises three groups of temperature sensors, namely a first group of temperature sensors, a second group of temperature sensors and a third group of temperature sensors which are sequentially arranged from left to right, wherein each group of temperature sensors is provided with three temperature sensors at equal intervals along the transverse direction; the flue gas measuring device is provided with three CO sensors, namely a first CO sensor, a second CO sensor and a third CO sensor in sequence; the air distribution device divides the chain furnace air chamber into three groups, namely a first air part, a second air part and a third air part in sequence, an air inlet branch pipe below each air part is connected with the mass flow meter, and a longitudinal air distribution plate is arranged inside the air chamber.
Preferably, the three-layer hopper, the first hopper is used for carrying biomass fuel, the second hopper is used for carrying domestic waste fuel, the third hopper is used for carrying biomass fuel, the three-layer hopper is respectively connected with the first regulator, the second regulator and the third regulator, the three regulators are respectively used for regulating the feeding amount of the three hoppers, and finally, the fuel is divided into three layers which are sequentially biomass, domestic waste and biomass from top to bottom.
Preferably, the mixing device comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of spiral stirrers and a lifting device. Whether the fuels are mixed and combusted can be selected according to different fuel characteristics, and the rotating shaft is driven to enable the spiral stirrer connected with the rotating shaft to stir the fuels, so that the two fuels are fully mixed. The lifting device is an electric lifting platform, the electric lifting platform is used for adjusting the height of the mixing device, if layered combustion of fuel on the traveling grate stoker is realized, the mixing device is heightened, namely the mixing device is not used, and if the layered combustion of the fuel on the traveling grate stoker is realized, the mixing device is lowered, so that the fuel is fully mixed at the front part of the traveling grate stoker and is subjected to mixed combustion, and the processes of two different combustion modes are realized aiming at different fuels.
Preferably, the three groups of temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the position 0.5 meter above the three groups of air chambers, and the three groups of temperature sensors with 9 temperature sensors are positioned at the same height.
Preferably, the three CO sensors are respectively arranged at the position 2 meters above the three air chambers.
Preferably, the longitudinal air distribution plate arranged in the air chamber is provided with small holes arranged in a matrix form, and the aperture sizes of the small holes are sequentially increased from left to right. The longitudinal air distribution plate is provided with an L-shaped ash falling device, and the degree of an L-shaped fillet of the L-shaped ash falling device is between 100 degrees and 170 degrees. The longitudinal air distribution plate is connected with the fourth regulator, the angle of the longitudinal air distribution plate can be regulated at 360 degrees, the rotation angle of the front half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 0-90 degrees in the combustion operation process of the chain furnace, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially increased from left to right; when the longitudinal air distribution plate rotates to 90 degrees, the position is kept for 2s, so that ash on the longitudinal air distribution plate falls below the position; the rotation angle of the rear half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 90 degrees to 180 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially reduced from left to right. In the 180 ° position, the longitudinal wind distribution plate is rapidly rotated counterclockwise through 180 ° back to the starting position.
Preferably, the mass flow meter is connected with a computer, and the valve opening of the mass flow meter is adjusted according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensors and CO sensors; the first regulator, the second regulator and the third regulator are connected with a computer, and the feeding amount of the three-layer hopper is regulated according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensors and CO sensors. The mass flow meter, the first regulator, the second regulator, the third regulator, the fourth regulator, the first group of temperature sensors, the second group of temperature sensors, the third group of temperature sensors, the first CO sensor, the second CO sensor and the third CO sensor are respectively connected with the computer to form a whole feedback system.
The operation method of the chain grate furnace for the biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and at the initial stage of starting the chain furnace, opening a switch of the third hopper to start feeding biomass fuel to the chain grate, feeding the biomass fuel by the thickness of a material layer of 10cm to preheat a hearth, and adjusting a bin gate of the third hopper by using a third regulator after 5 minutes to increase the thickness of the material layer at the speed of 2 cm/minute.
2) When the thickness of the material layer is 35cm to 40cm, and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃, the switch of the second hopper is opened to start feeding the domestic garbage, the domestic garbage is fed with the thickness of the material layer of 5cm, in the process, the bin gate of the third hopper is adjusted by the third adjuster, so that the thickness of the material layer of the biomass is reduced at the speed of 2 cm/min, and after 5min, the bin gate of the second hopper is adjusted by the second adjuster, so that the thickness of the material layer of the domestic garbage is increased at the speed of 2 cm/min.
3) When the thickness of the domestic garbage layer is 15cm to 20cm and the temperature of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth is 900 ℃ to 1300 ℃, the feeding speed of the second hopper and the third hopper is kept unchanged. At the moment, the switch of the first hopper is opened to start feeding the biomass, the biomass fuel is fed in with the material layer thickness of 2cm, and after 5min, the first regulator is used for regulating the bin gate of the first hopper to increase the thickness of the biomass material layer at the speed of 1 cm/min. When the thickness of the biomass material layer is 8cm to 10cm and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1100 ℃ to 1500 ℃, the feeding speed of the first hopper is kept unchanged, the thickness ratio of the three material layers is about 1:2:1, and the total height of the three material layers is 35cm to 45 cm.
In the combustion operation process of the chain grate furnace, if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is lower than 800 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensors exceeds 3%, the opening degree of a valve of the first air part mass flow meter is automatically adjusted and increased, meanwhile, the first regulator automatically adjusts the feeding speed of a bin gate of the first hopper, and the feeding amount is increased by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of a raw material layer; and if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is higher than 1300 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the first wind part mass flow meter.
If the temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than 1000 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 5%, automatically adjusting and increasing the valve opening of the second wind part mass flowmeter, and simultaneously, automatically adjusting the feeding speed of a bin gate of the second hopper by the second adjuster, and reducing the feeding amount by 2cm to 3cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; and if the temperature of the second group of temperature sensors is higher than 1500 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the second wind part mass flow meter.
If the temperature of the third temperature sensor is lower than 900 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 2%, automatically adjusting and increasing the valve opening of the third wind part mass flowmeter, and simultaneously, automatically adjusting the feeding speed of a bin gate of a third hopper by a third adjuster, and increasing the feeding amount by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; and if the temperature of the third group of temperature sensors is higher than 1400 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the third wind part mass flow meter.
Meanwhile, a longitudinal air distribution plate is arranged in the air chamber, the rotation angle of the front half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate rotating clockwise from the horizontal position is 0-90 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially increased from left to right; when the longitudinal air distribution plate rotates to 90 degrees, the position is kept for 2s, so that ash on the longitudinal air distribution plate falls below the position; the rotation angle of the rear half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 90 degrees to 180 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially reduced from left to right; in the 180 ° position, the longitudinal wind distribution plate is rapidly rotated counterclockwise through 180 ° back to the starting position. The longitudinal air distribution plate is combined with delayed air distribution or early air distribution to achieve the purpose of realizing uniform combustion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and an operation method thereof, the operation principle is clear, the biomass combustion efficiency is improved, the recycling treatment of the household garbage is realized, the waste utilization is realized, and the economic benefit can be created. The invention realizes the automatic monitoring feedback adjustment of the mixed combustion of the biomass and the household garbage, realizes the stable combustion in the chain furnace, effectively improves the operation efficiency of the chain furnace and realizes the resource utilization of the household garbage. The invention is provided with a rotatable longitudinal air distribution plate with small holes of different sizes distributed on the surface inside the air chamber, can adjust the air supply quantity from the front end to the rear end of each air chamber, and is combined with delayed air distribution or early air distribution to achieve the purpose of uniform combustion. The L-shaped dust falling device arranged on the longitudinal air distribution plate can realize effective dust falling, keep the air supply outlet uniform and smooth and prevent dust accumulation. The front end of the chain grate is provided with a liftable mixing device, and two different combustion processes of layered combustion and mixed combustion can be realized aiming at different fuels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a chain grate furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the mixing device of the present invention;
FIGS. 3-1 and 3-2 are top and front views of the longitudinal air distribution plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control feedback flow chart of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a first hopper 1a, a second hopper 1b, a third hopper 1c, a rotating shaft 2, a plurality of spiral stirrers 3, a lifting device 4, a first group of temperature sensors 5a, a second group of temperature sensors 5b, a third group of temperature sensors 5c, a first CO sensor 6a, a second CO sensor 6b, a third CO sensor 6c, a first air part 7a, a second air part 7b, a third air part 7c, a mass flowmeter 8, a longitudinal air distribution plate 9, a first regulator 10a, a second regulator 10b, a third regulator 10c, a fourth regulator 10d, an L-shaped ash falling device 11 and a computer 12.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in figure 1, the chain furnace for the synergistic combustion of biomass and household garbage comprises a chain furnace main body, a feeding device, a temperature measuring device, a smoke measuring device and an air distribution device. The method is characterized in that fuel is conveyed into the furnace through three layers of hoppers, a first hopper 1a is used for conveying biomass fuel, a second hopper 1b is used for conveying household garbage fuel, a third hopper 1c is used for conveying the biomass fuel, the three layers of hoppers are respectively connected with a first regulator 10a, a second regulator 10b and a third regulator 10c to regulate the feeding amount of the chain grate furnace, and finally the fuel is divided into three layers which are biomass, household garbage and biomass sequentially from top to bottom.
The air distribution device divides the chain furnace air chamber into three groups, namely a first air part 7a, a second air part 7b and a third air part 7 c. The air inlet branch pipe below each air part is connected with a mass flow meter 8, and a longitudinal air distribution plate 9 is arranged inside the air chamber. The vertical air distribution plate 9 is provided with densely distributed small holes, the air supply quantity from the front end to the rear end of each air chamber can be rotatably adjusted, and the air distribution is delayed and carried out as early as possible, so that the purpose of uniform combustion is achieved. The L-shaped dust falling device 11 arranged on the longitudinal air distribution plate 9 can realize effective dust falling, keep the air supply outlet uniform and smooth and prevent dust accumulation.
Three groups of temperature sensors and three CO sensors are respectively arranged at the positions 0.5 m and 2 m above the three groups of air chambers, and each group of temperature sensors is provided with three temperature sensors at equal intervals along the transverse direction, and the total number of the temperature sensors is nine. Three groups of temperature sensors and three CO sensors are used for monitoring the combustion condition in the stoker furnace. And adjusting the valve opening of the mass flowmeter 8 and the feeding amount of the three-layer hopper according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensor and CO sensor. The mass flow meter 8, the first regulator 10a, the second regulator 10b, the third regulator 10c, the fourth regulator 10d, the first group of temperature sensors 5a, the second group of temperature sensors 5b, the third group of temperature sensors 5c, the first CO sensor 6a, the second CO sensor 6b, and the third CO sensor 6c are respectively connected with the computer 12 to form a whole feedback system.
An operation method of a stoker furnace for the synergistic combustion of biomass and household garbage comprises the following steps:
1) and at the initial stage of starting the chain grate furnace, opening a switch of the third hopper to start feeding biomass fuel to the chain grate furnace, feeding the biomass fuel by the thickness of a material layer of 10cm to preheat a hearth, and adjusting a bin gate of the third hopper by using a third regulator after 5min to increase the thickness of the material layer at the speed of 2 cm/min.
2) When the thickness of the material layer is 35cm to 40cm, and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃, the switch of the second hopper is opened to start feeding the domestic garbage, the domestic garbage is fed with the thickness of the material layer of 5cm, in the process, the bin gate of the third hopper is adjusted by the third adjuster to reduce the thickness of the material layer of the biomass at the speed of 2 cm/min, and after 5min, the bin gate of the second hopper is adjusted by the second adjuster to increase the thickness of the material layer of the domestic garbage at the speed of 2 cm/min.
3) When the thickness of the domestic garbage layer is 15cm to 20cm and the temperature of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth is 900 ℃ to 1300 ℃, the feeding speed of the second hopper and the third hopper is kept unchanged. At this time, the switch of the first hopper was opened to start feeding biomass, and after 5 minutes, the silo gate of the first hopper was adjusted by the first adjuster so that the thickness of the biomass bed was increased at a rate of 1 cm/minute, the biomass fuel was fed at a bed thickness of 2 cm. When the thickness of the biomass material layer is 8cm to 10cm and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1100 ℃ to 1500 ℃, the feeding speed of the first hopper is kept unchanged, the thickness ratio of the three material layers is about 1:2:1, and the total height of the three material layers is 35cm to 45 cm.
In the combustion operation process of the chain grate furnace, if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is lower than 800 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensors exceeds 3%, automatically adjusting and increasing the opening degree of a valve of a first air part mass flow meter, and simultaneously, automatically adjusting the feeding speed of a first bin gate by an adjuster, and increasing the feeding amount by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of a raw material layer; and if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is higher than 1300 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the first wind part mass flow meter.
If the temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than 1000 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 5%, automatically adjusting and increasing the valve opening of the second wind part mass flowmeter, and simultaneously, automatically adjusting the feeding speed of the second bin gate by the regulator, wherein the feeding amount is reduced by 2cm to 3cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; and if the temperature of the second group of temperature sensors is higher than 1500 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the second wind part mass flow meter.
If the temperature of the third temperature sensor is lower than 900 ℃ and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 2%, automatically adjusting and increasing the valve opening of the third wind part mass flowmeter, and simultaneously, automatically adjusting the feeding speed of the third bin gate by the regulator, wherein the feeding amount is increased by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; and if the temperature of the third group of temperature sensors is higher than 1400 ℃, automatically adjusting and reducing the valve opening of the third wind part mass flow meter.
Meanwhile, a longitudinal air distribution plate is arranged in the air chamber, the rotation angle of the front half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate rotating clockwise from the horizontal position is 0-90 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially increased from left to right; when the longitudinal air distribution plate rotates to 90 degrees, the position is kept for 2s, so that ash on the longitudinal air distribution plate falls below the position; the rotation angle of the rear half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 90 degrees to 180 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially reduced from left to right; in the 180 ° position, the longitudinal wind distribution plate is rapidly rotated counterclockwise through 180 ° back to the starting position. The longitudinal air distribution plate is combined with delayed air distribution or early air distribution to achieve the purpose of uniform combustion.
According to the invention, the air inlet branch pipe is connected with the mass flow meter, and the valve opening of the mass flow meter and the feeding amount of each layer of hopper are adjusted according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensors and CO sensors. The rotatable longitudinal air distribution plate with small holes of different sizes distributed on the surface is arranged in the air chamber, the air supply quantity from the front end to the rear end of each air chamber can be adjusted, and the air distribution process is combined with the delayed air distribution process or the early air distribution process, so that the purpose of uniform combustion is achieved. The vertical air distribution plate is simultaneously provided with the L-shaped dust falling device, so that effective dust falling can be realized, the uniformity and smoothness of the air supply outlet are kept, and dust accumulation is prevented. The front end of the chain grate is provided with a liftable mixing device, and two different combustion processes of layered combustion and mixed combustion can be realized aiming at different fuels.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A chain furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion is characterized by comprising a chain furnace main body, a feeding device, a temperature measuring device, a smoke measuring device and an air distribution device, wherein the feeding device comprises three layers of hoppers, namely a first hopper (1 a), a second hopper (1 b) and a third hopper (1 c) from top to bottom; the temperature measuring device comprises three groups of temperature sensors, namely a first group of temperature sensors (5 a), a second group of temperature sensors (5 b) and a third group of temperature sensors (5 c) which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the flue gas measuring device is provided with three CO sensors, namely a first CO sensor (6 a), a second CO sensor (6 b) and a third CO sensor (6 c) which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the air distribution device divides the chain furnace air chamber into three groups, and the three groups comprise a first air part (7 a), a second air part (7 b) and a third air part (7 c) which are sequentially arranged from left to right, and an air inlet branch pipe below each air part is connected with a mass flow meter (8);
the three-layer hopper is connected with the first regulator (10 a), the second regulator (10 b) and the third regulator (10 c) respectively and used for regulating the feeding amount of the hoppers;
a mixing device for mixing materials is arranged below the feeding device, and comprises a rotating shaft (2), a plurality of spiral stirrers (3) and a lifting device (4); the rotating shaft is driven to enable the spiral stirrer connected with the rotating shaft to stir the fuel, so that the fuel is fully mixed; the lifting device is an electric lifting platform and is used for adjusting the height of the whole mixing device;
a longitudinal air distribution plate (9) is arranged in each air part, small holes arranged in a matrix form are formed in the longitudinal air distribution plate, the aperture of each small hole is sequentially increased from left to right, and the longitudinal air distribution plate rotates around a shaft through a fourth regulator (10 d) to change the air supply amount; an L-shaped ash falling device (11) is arranged on the longitudinal air distribution plate;
the mass flow meter (8), the first regulator (10 a), the second regulator (10 b), the third regulator (10 c), the fourth regulator (10 d), the first group of temperature sensors (5 a), the second group of temperature sensors (5 b), the third group of temperature sensors (5 c), the first CO sensor (6 a), the second CO sensor (6 b) and the third CO sensor (6 c) are respectively connected with the computer (12) to form a whole feedback system;
the computer adjusts the valve opening of the mass flowmeter according to the dynamic feedback of each group of temperature sensors and CO sensors; and the computer adjusts the feeding amount of the three-layer hopper according to the dynamic feedback of each group of the temperature sensor and the CO sensor.
2. The operation method of the stoker furnace for the synergistic combustion of the biomass and the household garbage as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
1) at the initial stage of starting the chain grate furnace, opening a switch of a third hopper to start feeding biomass fuel to the chain grate furnace;
2) when the thickness of the material layer is 35cm to 40cm and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃, opening a switch of the second hopper to start feeding the household garbage;
3) when the thickness of the domestic garbage layer is 15cm to 20cm and the temperature of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth is 900 ℃ to 1300 ℃, the feeding speed of the second hopper and the third hopper is kept unchanged; at this time, the switch of the first hopper is opened to start feeding the biomass, the thickness ratio of the three material layers is 1:2:1, and the total height of the three material layers is 35cm to 45 cm.
3. The operating method of the chain grate furnace for the synergistic combustion of the biomass and the household garbage as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 1), when the third hopper is opened, the hearth is preheated by feeding with a material layer thickness of 10cm, and after 5 minutes, the bin gate of the third hopper is adjusted by the third adjuster to increase the material layer thickness at a speed of 2 cm/minute;
in the step 2), when the second hopper is opened, firstly feeding domestic garbage fuel with the material layer thickness of 5cm, in the process, adjusting a bin gate of the third hopper by using a third adjuster to reduce the material layer thickness of the biomass at the speed of 2 cm/min, and after 5min, adjusting the bin gate of the second hopper by using a second adjuster to increase the material layer thickness of the domestic garbage at the speed of 2 cm/min;
in the step 3), when the first hopper is opened, the biomass fuel is fed in with the thickness of a material layer of 2cm, and after 5 minutes, a first regulator is used for regulating a bin gate of the first hopper, so that the thickness of the biomass material layer is increased at the speed of 1 cm/minute; when the thickness of the biomass material layer is 8cm to 10cm and the temperatures of three groups of temperature sensors in the hearth are 1100 ℃ to 1500 ℃, the feeding speed of the first hopper is kept unchanged.
4. The operating method of the stoker furnace for the synergistic combustion of the biomass and the household garbage is characterized in that in the combustion operation process of the stoker furnace, if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is lower than 800 ℃, and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 3%, the valve opening of the mass flow meter of the first wind part is increased, and the feeding speed of the first hopper is adjusted, so that the feeding amount is increased by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; if the temperature of the first group of temperature sensors is higher than 1300 ℃, reducing the valve opening degree of the first wind part mass flowmeter;
if the temperature of the second temperature sensor is lower than 1000 ℃ and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 5%, the valve opening of the second wind part mass flowmeter is increased, the feeding speed of the second hopper is adjusted, and the feeding amount is reduced by 2cm to 3cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; if the temperature of the second group of temperature sensors is higher than 1500 ℃, reducing the valve opening degree of the second wind part mass flowmeter;
if the temperature of the third temperature sensor is lower than 900 ℃ and the CO volume concentration displayed by the CO sensor exceeds 2%, the valve opening of the third wind part mass flowmeter is increased, meanwhile, the regulator automatically regulates the feeding speed of the third hopper, and the feeding amount is increased by 1cm to 2cm on the basis of the thickness of the raw material layer; and if the temperature of the third group of temperature sensors is higher than 1400 ℃, reducing the valve opening degree of the third wind part mass flowmeter.
5. The operating method of the chain grate furnace for the synergistic combustion of the biomass and the household garbage is characterized in that a longitudinal air distribution plate is arranged inside the air chamber, and in the combustion operation process of the chain grate furnace, the rotation angle of the front half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 0-90 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is increased sequentially from left to right; when the longitudinal air distribution plate rotates to 90 degrees, the position is kept for 2s, so that ash on the longitudinal air distribution plate falls below the position; the rotation angle of the rear half section of the longitudinal air distribution plate which rotates clockwise from the horizontal position is 90 degrees to 180 degrees, and at the moment, the air supply volume of the air chamber is sequentially reduced from left to right; when the wind distribution plate is in the 180-degree position, the longitudinal wind distribution plate rotates anticlockwise for 180 degrees quickly and returns to the starting position; the longitudinal air distribution plate is combined with delayed air distribution or early air distribution to achieve the purpose of uniform combustion.
CN202010418559.1A 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof Active CN111578284B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010418559.1A CN111578284B (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010418559.1A CN111578284B (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111578284A CN111578284A (en) 2020-08-25
CN111578284B true CN111578284B (en) 2022-04-15

Family

ID=72117594

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010418559.1A Active CN111578284B (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111578284B (en)

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09273730A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-21 Nkk Corp Restraining method of unburnt constituent in exhaust gas of incinerating furnace
CN2655049Y (en) * 2003-09-20 2004-11-10 昆明理工大学 Movable grate type solid waste incinerator
CN1900590A (en) * 2006-06-16 2007-01-24 周开根 Process and its device for clean burning and value gaining burning of solid fuel
CN2887871Y (en) * 2005-12-27 2007-04-11 陈洪山 Secondary-combustion domestic garbage coking oven
CN101029727A (en) * 2007-04-03 2007-09-05 华南理工大学 High-temperature mixed-layer incinerating method and incinerator for fire gate
JP2010255889A (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-11-11 Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd Waste melting treatment method and waste melting treatment device
CN201875690U (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-22 青岛海众环保锅炉股份有限公司 Hybrid boiler for burning water-coal-slurry and biomass
CN103307609A (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-18 陈雅华 Combustion method for dual-layer fuel rubbish incineration boiler
CN103712218A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-09 武汉航宇机电工程有限公司 Environment-friendly garbage incineration process and matched device
CN105953232A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-09-21 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 Double-hopper and double-fuel-layer layer-burning incineration device for village and town domestic garbage
CN109536208A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-29 扬州大学 A kind of gasification furnace and its operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish
CN110715316A (en) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-21 格林奔科（北京）贸易有限公司 Method for coupling heterogeneous fuel direct-combustion power generation of large coal-fired boiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7241322B2 (en) * 2003-11-21 2007-07-10 Graham Robert G Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09273730A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-21 Nkk Corp Restraining method of unburnt constituent in exhaust gas of incinerating furnace
CN2655049Y (en) * 2003-09-20 2004-11-10 昆明理工大学 Movable grate type solid waste incinerator
CN2887871Y (en) * 2005-12-27 2007-04-11 陈洪山 Secondary-combustion domestic garbage coking oven
CN1900590A (en) * 2006-06-16 2007-01-24 周开根 Process and its device for clean burning and value gaining burning of solid fuel
CN101029727A (en) * 2007-04-03 2007-09-05 华南理工大学 High-temperature mixed-layer incinerating method and incinerator for fire gate
JP2010255889A (en) * 2009-04-22 2010-11-11 Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd Waste melting treatment method and waste melting treatment device
CN201875690U (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-22 青岛海众环保锅炉股份有限公司 Hybrid boiler for burning water-coal-slurry and biomass
CN103307609A (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-18 陈雅华 Combustion method for dual-layer fuel rubbish incineration boiler
CN103712218A (en) * 2014-01-02 2014-04-09 武汉航宇机电工程有限公司 Environment-friendly garbage incineration process and matched device
CN105953232A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-09-21 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 Double-hopper and double-fuel-layer layer-burning incineration device for village and town domestic garbage
CN110715316A (en) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-21 格林奔科（北京）贸易有限公司 Method for coupling heterogeneous fuel direct-combustion power generation of large coal-fired boiler
CN109536208A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-29 扬州大学 A kind of gasification furnace and its operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111578284A (en) 2020-08-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104832915B (en) Method of blending combustion of fuel coal fly ash in biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler and a device thereof
AU2018341803B2 (en) Biomass gasification device
CN106918039B (en) A kind of biomass molding fuel solid-phase low-temperature, gas phase high-temp combustion device
CN101363618A (en) Chain boiler plant for burning multi-biomass fuels
CN102329656A (en) Downdraft biomass gasification reaction chamber and gasification process thereof
CN202881186U (en) Synchronous and continuous biomass charcoal and gas production system
CN106918036B (en) The fuel of biomass molding fuel burning device disturbs and broken integrated mechanism
CN107573971A (en) Recirculating fluidized bed fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology
CN105885950A (en) Three-bed combination pyrolysis gasification and tar cracking integrated system for solid waste
CN201072128Y (en) Biomass gasification electric generating apparatus of gas control type thermal decomposition system
CN201834891U (en) Continuous gasification and carbonization furnace with rotary rake moving bed
CN103436291B (en) Biomass reacting furnace
CN111578284B (en) Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof
CN100543116C (en) The oxygen deprivation fluidized bed combustion downdraft gasification process and the device that prepare no tar products gas
CN102732276A (en) Rice husk direct-combustion and carbonization combination apparatus
CN102010753B (en) Biomass gasification reaction furnace and automatic control method thereof
CN101921625B (en) Method and device for producing syngas by combustion and gasification of double cylinders
CN116293703A (en) Multi-hearth forward and backward pushing combined grading gasification combustion furnace
CN205261570U (en) Double -deck mechanical stoker formula waste gasification burns burning furnace
CN205261572U (en) Mechanical stoker formula waste gasification burns burning furnace's circular air supplying system
CN108266734B (en) A kind of high-moisture rubbish cracking apparatus and method
CN217559869U (en) Coal pulverizing system suitable for flexibly blending coal in coal-fired boiler of power plant
CN206279148U (en) A kind of discharging system of pyrolysis of coal
CN210153772U (en) Original-state straw moving bed boiler
CN210030596U (en) Fire grate structure suitable for combustion of multiple types of biomass gasification furnaces

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant