CN107573971A - Recirculating fluidized bed fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology - Google Patents
Recirculating fluidized bed fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses recirculating fluidized bed fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, biomass molding fuel reacts and generates high-temperature fuel gas under the high temperature conditions in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace with gasifying agent, cooled in caused combustion gas feeding fixed-bed pyrolysis stove, upgrading, last clean combustion gas is sent to coal-burning boiler.Recirculating fluidized bed fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology provided by the invention, simple system, flexibility is high, economical operation, stably, high to the utilization rate of biomass material, lime-ash total amount is only the 13% of raw material consumption, the fuel gas temperature provided is stable, cleanliness factor is high, and calorific value is high, can be in 5 ~ 7 MJ/Nm3Scope, biogas can be reached and mix burning+coal coupled electricity-generation purpose, NOx emission concentration reduces by 10%, without fly ash emission and sewage discharge, meets environmental requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass energy source domain, and in particular to recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnaceman
Skill.
Background technology
Gasification of biomass refers to biomass in the presence of gasifying medium, by a series of thermochemical reaction process, turns
Turn to the process of fuel gas.Fuel gas principle active component caused by gasification of biomass is CO, H2、CH4And part alkane
Hydrocarbon gas, it is referred to as biological fuel gas.Gasification of biomass is the situation for being provided only with limiting oxygen under certain thermodynamic condition
Under make biomass occur imperfect combustion, generate CO, H2、CH4Deng micro-molecular gas, i.e. gasification is by solid by the carrier of chemical energy
State is converted into gaseous state, and liberated heat is then much smaller during gasification reaction, and gasification aerogenesis burns again, can further discharge
Its chemical energy having.
Biomass gasification process can be divided into the four-stages such as dry, pyrolysis, burning, reduction.
Biomass gasification technology is one of important method of biomass as resources processing.Gasification gas, tar are biogas
The primary product of change, pursue the gasification aerogenesis of high heating value and relatively low tar emission be gasification of biomass the first purpose.It is raw
Gas obtained by after gasification substance has many purposes.It can be used to burn, generate electricity, synthesize chemical products etc..According to gasification after-burning
The utilization orientation of gas can be divided into gasification supply technology, gasifying electricity generation technology and biogas technology.
It biomass by thermochemical study is to be sent directly into boiler, interior after gaseous fuel that Biomass Gasification Power Generation Technology, which is,
Generated electricity in the combustion chamber of combustion generator, gas turbine etc..
At present, domestic gasification of biomass industry is mainly made up of gasifying electricity generation and rural area gasification supply, wherein, gasification burning
Industrial Boiler/kiln has begun to apply, and the generating efficiency of 1~3MW gasification furnace+internal-combustion engine system is 17%~20%, 6MW
Internal combustion engine, steam turbine combined cycle system generating efficiency is up to 28%；Gasification supply and gasified industry application technology then have
Some superiority.
The Biomass Gasification Power Generation Technology of Chinese independent research has solved some critical problems, at present, has developed
Go out a variety of fixed beds and fluidized-bed gasification furnace using biomass such as wood chip, rice husk, stalks as raw material, successfully have developed from 400kW
To the gasification and generation device of 10MW different scales.The Biomass Gasification ＆ Power Generation of China develops to industrial scale direction,
Promote quickly, and export to the Taiwan of Thailand, Burma, Laos and China, be that middle-size and small-size gasification of biomass is sent out in the world
One of most country of electricity application.
In the extensive use aspects of gasification of biomass, domestic typical project is state electricity Chang Yuan Jingmen gasification of biomass item
Mesh, it is mainly using biomass such as rice husks as raw material, and using ciculation fluidized bed gasification technology (single gasification), biomass processes amount is
8t/h, generated energy 10MW is converted into, biomass comprehensive generating efficiency is 33.2%, and in November, 2012 is put into commercial operation, so far
Continuous and steady operation nearly 4 year, the accumulative total of generating electricity is more than 1.2 hundred million kWh.
Biomass fuel is sent into fluid bed by screw(-type) feeder and burning, gasification and pyrolytic reaction, the high temperature of generation occurs
Combustion gas is discharged by top.By adjusting the equivalent proportion of gasifying agent and fuel, fluidized-bed temperature can be controlled in 700~850 DEG C.By
Two stage cyclone separator, the complete carbon granule of unreacted that primary cyclone carries gas secretly are separated, sent through material returning device
In fluidized bed, cycle gasification reaction is carried out, improves charcoal percent conversion；Secondary cyclone then carries out further to combustion gas
Purification.It is characterized in：The fluidizing velocity of operation is high, and gas-solid mixing effect is good, and air equivalent ratio is 0.2~0.3, suitable for more
Biomass material is planted, tar content is low in the gas that gasifies, and unit factor of created gase is higher.
At present, the shortcomings that circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier technique is present：
1) circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier complex process, system operation flexibility are slightly poor
To meet the needs of the metering of gasification of biomass coupled electricity-generation and conveying, the gasification combustion of circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace outlet
About 750 DEG C of temperature degree, it is necessary to be cooled to 400 DEG C.Different gasification furnace manufacturers, the cooling measure of gasification burning are slightly different,
It is main that heat exchanger is set.The pattern of heat exchanger has gas-vapour, air-water heat exchanger, gas-conduction oil+conduction oil-water two-stage heat exchanger,
To avoid tar precipitation in its gasification burning, the steam to be exchanged heat with gasification burning, water, the temperature of conduction oil need to control
300 DEG C or so or more, supporting auxiliary heat-exchanging facility is complex, heat transferring medium (steam, feedwater or condensation needed for 30MW grades
Water) flow account for that coal unit ratio is big, need the scrupulous influence assessed to coal unit, gasification workshop operation is assisted with large-sized unit
Together.
2) circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier process heat efficiency index is lower slightly
Using circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace+heat exchanger scheme, the Some gases sensible heat utilized through heat exchanger by coal unit
It is difficult to switch to biomass coupled electricity-generation amount, heat exchanging part income will return coal unit, and circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is less efficient.
3) the gasification burning calorific value of circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier generation is relatively low, typically not super 5MJ/Nm3。
Therefore, the high gasification of biomass furnace technology of a kind of simple system, high conversion rate, gasification burning calorific value is studied with ten
Divide important meaning.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiency of existing circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier technique, the present invention provides a kind of simple system, conversion
Recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology that rate is high, gasification burning calorific value is high.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
Recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, is comprised the following steps that：
Step 1：Meet the fresh biomass fuel into stove granularity requirements through broken pretreatment, respectively through feeding system
Gasified and cracked into recirculating fluidized bed and fixed bed, feed ratio is adjusted with specific reference to biomass fuel characteristic；
Step 2：Gasifying agent needed for recirculating fluidized bed gasification is the air of normal temperature pressure-fired, and air is carried by air blower
The power of confession, the emulsion zone of recirculating fluidized bed is entered from air distribution plate bottom, separated in emulsion zone endogenous substance fuel, one cyclonic
Burning, gasification reaction occur for the uncombusted particle of circulation, the returning charge of fixed-bed pyrolysis semicoke and the gasifying agent of device；
Step 3：Biomass fuel and air in recirculating fluidized bed after gasification reaction, the high-temperature fuel gas folder of generation
The a large amount of uncombusted particles of band are sent into primary cyclone separation from recirculating fluidized bed top-side, and most coarse granule is revolved
Wind separator is separated and gone out, and is returned to from the material returning device of bottom in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, uncombusted charcoal in recycle stock
Gasification reaction occurs again with gasifying agent in gasification furnace, improves the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification；
Step 4：Remaining a small amount of fine ash and combustion gas enter in secondary cyclone and further divide the fine ash in combustion gas
From the flying dust separated from two level cyclonic separation bottom is sent into ash disposal system；The purifying gas of secondary cyclone outlet
About 780 DEG C of temperature, high-temperature fuel gas are sent at the top of fixed bed, and combustion gas passes through fixed bed from top to bottom with biological particles following current,
Respectively by drying with after pyrolysis zone, final pyrolysis gas of biomass is passed through with about 450 DEG C of combustion gas after gasification combustion gas mixing and fixed
Bed bottom revolving grate, is discharged, and be sent to the further ash disposal of three-stage cyclone separator, three-stage cyclone separation from fixed bed bottom
Flying dust out is sent into ash disposal system；
Step 5：Measured from about 420 DEG C of clean fuel gas of three-stage cyclone separator outlet through high-temperature fuel gas, induction system
Burning is mixed into coal-fired power station boiler coupling；
Step 6：The biomass semicoke generated after fixed-bed pyrolysis is discharged from the lock hopper of fixed bed bottom, in auxiliary steam
Gasification reaction is carried out to be sent into the presence of fluidized wind in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace.
Preferably, circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is fed using screw(-type) feeder and star-shaped feeding machine in step 1, seals shape
Formula disclosure satisfy that the seal request of 60KPa even more high pressure using the structure of " axle sealing gland+oil sealing+gas circulation+labyrinth "；
Fixed bed is spun upside down valve and need to all closed using rotation air sealed charging system, charger, and inert gas is passed through in charger
After displaced air, charger top upset valve is opened, biomass material closes charger top roll-over valve after entering charging box
Door, then open charger bottom upset valve and biomass material is entered in fixed bed, close charger bottom upset valve
The circulation of a charging is completed, and then realizes continuous feed, and fixed bed 30KPa seal request can be met.
Preferably, backup line is set to be used to convey in water vapour to fluid bed in step 2, for gasifying in regulating stove
Reaction temperature.
Recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, using recirculating fluidized bed and admittedly
Fixed bed double bed biomass gasifying furnace technology, compared to circulating fluidized-bed biomass gasifier, for gasification coupling electricity generation system, it will follow
Heat exchanger in ring biomass fluid bed gasification furnace scheme is changed to fixed-bed pyrolysis stove, and no gas heat-exchanger, system is relatively easy,
It is not required to provide heat transferring medium by coal unit, while solves that efficiency is low and the relatively low problem of gasification burning calorific value.Fixed bed is in reality
While existing gasification burning cooling, the quality and calorific value of combustion gas are improved, semicoke stack layers, can be to combustion like porous material in fixed bed
Gas entrainment flying dust is effectively filtered；And to set three-stage cyclone separator further net to gasification burning for fixed bed gasification outlet of still
Change, prevent particulate matter from being taken out of by air-flow, ensure the gasification burning cleanliness factor into coal-fired power station boiler.
Recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, has compared with prior art
Following beneficial effect：
1. recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, by recirculating fluidized bed biology
Heat exchanger in matter gasification furnace technology is changed to fixed-bed pyrolysis stove, no gas heat-exchanger, simple system, is not required to be carried by coal unit
It is good for heat transferring medium, operational flexibility；
2. recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, gasification burning temperature stabilization,
Calorific value is higher, can be in 5~7MJ/Nm3(the typically not super 5MJ/Nm of original technology3) scope, heat-economy figure is higher than recirculating fluidized bed
Gasification of biomass furnace technology；
3. recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology is used for coupled electricity-generation system phase
Than biomass direct combustion power generation, biomass gasification burning is passed through coal-burning boiler, and generating efficiency is higher, and burning produces flue gas and coal burning machine
Group flue gas discharges after entering the purification of coal unit minimum discharge facility together, has higher Environmental Protection Level；With recirculating fluidized bed
Biomass gasifying furnace gasification coupling electricity generation system is compared, and combustion gas sensible heat all switchs to biomass coupled electricity-generation amount, and efficiency is higher；
4. lime-ash caused by gasification of biomass is plant ash, organic fertilizer can be used as to improve agricultural land soil structure；In increase agriculture
While the people take in, be advantageous to crack stalk field and the governance problem such as directly burn.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed biomass gasifying furnace process chart.
Fig. 2 is recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed biomass gasifying furnace logistics and energy sketch.
Embodiment
Further to illustrate the technological means and its effect of the invention taken, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the tool of the present invention
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Biomass molding fuel reacts and generates height under the high temperature conditions in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace with gasifying agent
Warm combustion gas, caused combustion gas be sent into fixed-bed pyrolysis stove cooled, upgrading, last clean combustion gas is sent to coal-fired pot
Stove.Fig. 1 is the flow chart of recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology.Through broken pre- place
Reason meets the biomass material into stove granularity requirements, is sent into stokehold feed bin through induction system, by screw(-type) feeder and star-like gives
Material machine enters circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, enters fixed-bed pyrolysis stove through charger, biomass material is respectively in gasification furnace and heat
Gasified and be pyrolyzed in solution stove, caused biomass semicoke is completed through material returning device into circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace in pyrolysis oven
Gasification, the combustible gas of the interior generation of gasification furnace, after primary cyclone dust separation, most coarse granule is by cyclonic separation
Device is separated and gone out, and is returned to from the material returning device of bottom in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, uncombusted charcoal is gasifying in recycle stock
Gasification reaction occurs in stove again with gasifying agent, remaining a small amount of fine ash and combustion gas enter in secondary cyclone and by combustion gas
Fine ash further separate, the flying dust separated from two level cyclonic separation bottom is sent into ash disposal system；Secondary cyclone
About 780 DEG C of the purifying gas temperature of outlet, high-temperature fuel gas are sent at the top of the fixed bed, combustion gas and biological particles following current on toward
It is lower to pass through fixed bed, respectively by dry and pyrolysis zone after, final pyrolysis gas of biomass and gasification combustion gas mixing after about 450 DEG C
Combustion gas passes through fixed bed bottom revolving grate, is discharged from fixed bed bottom, and is sent to the further ash disposal of three-stage cyclone separator,
The flying dust that three-stage cyclone separation comes out is sent into ash disposal system；About 420 DEG C of clean fuel gas warp from three-stage cyclone separator outlet
Enter coal-burning boiler after conveying and metering and carry out multifuel combustion, and efficiency power generation is realized using the electricity generation system of coal unit.Recycle stream
Feed technique and gasification process can be divided into by changing bed-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology.
Feed technique is specially：
Recirculating fluidized bed and fixed bed set a stokehold feed bin respectively, and feed bin volume is respectively 60m3、50m3.Recycle stream
Change bed gasification furnace to be fed using screw(-type) feeder and star-shaped feeding machine, seal form uses " axle sealing gland+oil sealing+gas circulation+fan
The structure in palace ", it disclosure satisfy that the seal request of 60KPa even more high pressure.Bin bottom sets maintenance plate before fluid bed furnace
Door, sets non-return to feed baffle plate before material inlet inlet duct, and the material seeding wind sprayed into by baffle plate upstream rushes biomass material
It is sent into after opening baffle plate in stove, can effectively prevents inner flue gas of the stove anti-channeling to feeding lines.Increase one sealing air in the port of export, transport
Feed hopper maintains tiny structure in row, plays certain sealing function, at the same screw(-type) feeder outlet section set it is star-like seal to
Glassware, plus the ejector action of material seeding wind, it is possible to achieve dual-seal and malleation are fed, wherein material seeding wind quoted from furnace bottom once
Wind.Fixed bed is spun upside down valve and need to all closed using rotation air sealed charging system, charger, and indifferent gas is passed through in charger
After body displaced air, charger top upset valve is opened, biomass material closes the upset of charger top after entering charging box
Valve, then open charger bottom upset valve and biomass material is entered in fixed bed, close charger bottom roll-over valve
Door completes the circulation of a charging, and then realizes continuous feed, and can meet current fixed bed 30KPa seal request.
Feeding device gas leakage is prevented while continuous charging, the discharge of fixed bed semicoke prevents coke discharging by the way of lock hopper switching
When gas leakage.
The feeding coal of gasification furnace and pyrolysis oven interlocked control in proportion, different types of biomass material, feed ratio is not
Together.It is larger that raw material moisture and volatile matter are fed influence on system operation to gasification furnace：1) moisture：Moisture, which improves, can cause substantial amounts of vapour
Change latent heat and absorb the heat consumed in gasification furnace, maintain same furnace temperature to need more raw materials and air to participate in combustion heat releases anti-
Should, therefore moisture improves consumption of raw materials amount and can increased, while fuel gases calorific value can also decline；2) volatile matter：Biomass
Raw material absorbs fuel gas calorie in fixed bed and carries out dehydration and devolatilization to cool to combustion gas, the high original of fugitive constituent accounting
Material, raw material can absorb more combustion gas sensible heats, and the content of volatile matter can influence the distribution of double bed feed, the high life of volatile matter content
The consumption of raw material of substance fixed bed can decline, and the raw material consumption of recirculating fluidized bed then increases.Moisture is fed ratio to double bed
Influence it is similar with volatile matter.
When fixed bed outlet gas temperature is less than 450 DEG C, being quickly switched into the increase of fluid bed feed and gasifying agent increases, connection
The fixed bed feed that locks is reduced, and ensures that biomass total amount is constant, and gasification reaction is strengthened in fluid bed, and fluid bed outlet gas amount increases
Add, into fixed bed in gas quantity increase, it is quick to improve fixed bed outlet gas temperature.Conversely, when fixed bed outlet temperature surpasses
450 DEG C are crossed, fixed bed biomass feeding coal increases, and is dried in stove and pyrolytic reaction increases, heat absorption strengthens, while interlocked control stream
Change bed biomass feed to reduce, fluid bed outlet gas amount is reduced, and is reduced into fixed bed gas quantity, and the quick fixed bed that reduces goes out
Mouth temperature.
Gasification process is specially：
React generation gasification combustion under hot conditions of the biomass material in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace with gasifying agent
Gas, caused gasification burning deliver to fixed-bed pyrolysis stove cooled, upgrading.
Fresh biomass material enters recirculating fluidized bed and fixed bed through feeding system respectively, gasification furnace and pyrolysis oven
Feeding coal interlocked control in proportion, when being gasified from the maize straw molding mass of moisture content 10%, feed total amount is
19.1t/h, two feed ratios are 1.3:1, wherein fluid bed feed~10.8t/h, fixed bed~8.3t/h.Recirculating fluidized bed
Gasifying agent needed for gasification is the air of normal temperature pressure-fired, the power that air is provided by air blower, is entered from air distribution plate bottom
The emulsion zone of recirculating fluidized bed, in emulsion zone endogenous substance raw material, the uncombusted particle of circulation of primary cyclone, fixed bed
With gasifying agent burning, gasification reaction occur for pyrolysis char returning charge.It is also contemplated that backup line is used to conveying water vapour to flowing
Change in bed, for gasification reaction temperature in regulating stove.Biomass material and air in recirculating fluidized bed after gasification reaction,
The a large amount of uncombusted particles of high-temperature fuel gas entrainment of generation are sent into primary cyclone separation from recirculating fluidized bed top-side, greatly
Partial coarse granule is separated and gone out by cyclone separator, is returned to from the material returning device of bottom in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, circulates
In gasification furnace with gasifying agent gasification reaction occurs again for uncombusted charcoal in material, improves the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification.
About 780 DEG C of remaining a small amount of fine ash and fuel gas temperature, high-temperature fuel gas are sent at the top of fixed bed, combustion gas and biological particles following current by
On down through fixed bed, respectively by dry and pyrolysis zone after, after final pyrolysis gas of biomass and gasification combustion gas mixing about
450 DEG C of combustion gas pass through fixed bed bottom revolving grate, are discharged from fixed bed bottom, and it is further to be sent to secondary cyclone
Ash disposal, the flying dust that two level cyclonic separation comes out are sent into ash disposal system, about 420 DEG C of the clean combustion from secondary cyclone outlet
Gas measures through high-temperature fuel gas, induction system enters coal-fired power station boiler coupling and mixes burning.The biomass half generated after fixed-bed pyrolysis
It is burnt to be discharged from fixed bed bottom lock hopper, it is sent into the presence of auxiliary steam is fluidized wind in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace and enters promoting the circulation of qi
Change reaction.
Material distribution, energy balance and gas parameter between fluid bed and fixed bed, with the corn stalk of moisture content 10%
Exemplified by stalk molding mass, Fig. 2 is recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed biomass gasifying furnace logistics and energy sketch, and result of calculation is such as
Under：
(1) raw material of fluid bed furnace is entered：Fresh corn stalk W1 and semicoke W2, respectively 12.6t/h and 3.8t/h, always
Inlet amount W is 16.4t/h；Into the raw material of bed furnace：Fresh corn stalk W3 amounts are 9.6t/h；Integrated artistic consumes corn
The total amount (W1+W3) of stalk is 22.2t/h.
(2) temperature of fluid bed furnace outflow combustion gas is 800 DEG C, into 780 DEG C of the temperature of bed furnace combustion gas, goes out fixed bed
450 DEG C of the temperature of stove combustion gas；Fresh corn stalk normal temperature enters bed furnace, and the temperature from bed furnace discharge semicoke is 450
℃。
(3) hot combustion gas of fluid bed outflow：Under the state (780 DEG C) that fixed bed import flows into, the composition of combustion gas is seen below
Table 1, its flow are 1.13 × 105m3/ h, calorific value 1.79MJ/m3, its heat flow rate Q1 is 2.02 × 105MJ/h(780℃)。
(4) combustion gas of fixed bed outflow：The composition of combustion gas is shown in Table 1 under the state (450 DEG C) of fixed bed outlet outflow, its
Flow is 9.36 × 104m3/ h, its calorific value are 2.73MJ/m3, its heat flow rate Q2 is 2.56 × 105MJ/h(450℃)。
(5) it is 1.23 × 10 into the heat exchange amount between maize straw in the hot combustion gas and fixed bed of fixed bed4MJ/h。
Double bed gasification furnace needs close supervision fixed bed outlet gas temperature in the process of running, when fixed bed outlet temperature
, it is necessary to start-up temperature control strategy during too low or overtemperature：
1) twin furnace interlocking biomass feeding temperature control
The feeding coal of gasification furnace and pyrolysis oven interlocked control in proportion, different types of biomass material, feed ratio is not
Together.
2) fluid bed subsidiary conduit conveying vapor cooling
When fixed bed outlet temperature is more than 450 DEG C, fluidized-bed bottom conveying vapor backup line is opened, and is mixed with gasifying agent
It is sent into after conjunction in fluid bed, reduces gasification reaction temperature in stove, reaching reduces fluid bed outlet temperature purpose.
3) fixed bed circulating gas temperature control
Part circulating gas is shunted with reference to fixed bed input and output material rate adaptation, while using in bed furnace gas outlet
Through entering stove at the top of bed furnace, it is ensured that fixed bed temperature field in furnace regulates and controls and gas outlet temperature is met setup parameter value.
Bed furnace outlet air mixture dustiness is about 60g/Nm3, using combustion gas after high temperature cyclone separator dedusting
Dustiness is less than 15g/Nm3, efficiency of dust collection is more than 70%.
Property of raw material based on different biomass bulk cargos and molding mass, the biomass bulk cargo gasification thermal efficiency is declined slightly, double
The distribution of bed thermal power, combustion gas characteristic etc. have certain change, but amplitude is not too much big.Double bed biomass gasification burning characteristic with
The maize straw molding mass meter of moisture content 10%, is shown in Table 1.
The gasification burning characteristic of table 1
Calculated according to the data of biomass fuel characteristic and the combustion gas characteristic for being ultimately delivered to coal-fired power station boiler, be shown in Table in detail
2。
The heat-economy figure of table 2
It was found from above example and data, recirculating fluidized bed provided by the invention-fixed bed double bed biomass gasifying furnace
Technique is without gas heat-exchanger, simple system, and flexibility is high, economical operation, stably, lime-ash high to the utilization rate of biomass material
Total amount is only the 13% of raw material consumption, and the fuel gas temperature provided is stable, and cleanliness factor is high, and calorific value is high, can be in 5~7MJ/Nm3Model
Enclose, biogas can be reached and mix burning+coal coupled electricity-generation purpose, NOx emission concentration reduces by 10%, without fly ash emission and sewage
Discharge, meets environmental requirement.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, ability
Other modifications or equivalent substitution that domain those of ordinary skill is made to technical scheme, without departing from skill of the present invention
The spirit and scope of art scheme, it all should cover among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. recirculating fluidized bed-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
Step 1：Meet the fresh biomass fuel into stove granularity requirements through broken pretreatment, enter respectively through feeding system
Recirculating fluidized bed and fixed bed are gasified and cracked, and feed ratio is adjusted with specific reference to biomass fuel characteristic；
Step 2：Gasifying agent needed for recirculating fluidized bed gasification is the air of normal temperature pressure-fired, and air is provided by air blower
Power, the emulsion zone of recirculating fluidized bed is entered from air distribution plate bottom, in emulsion zone endogenous substance fuel, primary cyclone
Circulate uncombusted particle, the returning charge of fixed-bed pyrolysis semicoke and gasifying agent and burning, gasification reaction occurs；
Step 3：In recirculating fluidized bed after gasification reaction, the high-temperature fuel gas entrainment of generation is big for biomass fuel and air
Measure uncombusted particle and be sent into primary cyclone separation from recirculating fluidized bed top-side, most coarse granule is by whirlwind point
Separate and go out from device, returned to from the material returning device of bottom in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, uncombusted charcoal is in gas in recycle stock
Change in stove and gasification reaction occurs again with gasifying agent, improve the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification；
Step 4：Remaining a small amount of fine ash and combustion gas enter in secondary cyclone and further separate the fine ash in combustion gas,
The flying dust separated from two level cyclonic separation bottom is sent into ash disposal system；The purifying gas temperature of secondary cyclone outlet
About 780 DEG C, high-temperature fuel gas is sent at the top of fixed bed, and combustion gas passes through fixed bed from top to bottom with biological particles following current, respectively
By drying with after pyrolysis zone, final pyrolysis gas of biomass passes through fixed bed bottom with about 450 DEG C of combustion gas after gasification combustion gas mixing
Portion's revolving grate, discharged from fixed bed bottom, and be sent to the further ash disposal of three-stage cyclone separator, three-stage cyclone separation comes out
Flying dust be sent into ash disposal system；
Step 5：From about 420 DEG C of clean fuel gas of three-stage cyclone separator outlet measures through high-temperature fuel gas, induction system enters
Burning is mixed in coal-fired power station boiler coupling；
Step 6：The biomass semicoke generated after fixed-bed pyrolysis is discharged from the lock hopper of fixed bed bottom, is stream in auxiliary steam
It is sent into the presence of wind transmission in circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace and carries out gasification reaction.
2. recirculating fluidized bed according to claim 1-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, it is characterised in that step
Circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is fed using screw(-type) feeder and star-shaped feeding machine in rapid one, and seal form uses " axle sealing gland+oil sealing
The structure in+gas circulation+labyrinth ", it disclosure satisfy that the seal request of 60 KPa even more high pressure；Fixed bed is using rotation sealing gland
Formula charging system, charger spin upside down valve and need to all closed, and after inert gas replacement air is passed through in charger, open charging
Machine top overturns valve, and biomass material closes charger top upset valve after entering charging box, then opens charger bottom
Upset valve causes biomass material to enter in fixed bed, closes the circulation that charger bottom upset valve completes a charging,
And then continuous feed is realized, and the KPa of fixed bed 30 seal request can be met.
3. recirculating fluidized bed according to claim 1-fixed bed double bed gasification of biomass furnace technology, it is characterised in that step
Backup line is set to be used to convey in water vapour to fluid bed in rapid two, for gasification reaction temperature in regulating stove.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108085063A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-29 | 东南大学 | A kind of low tar double bed gasification process and device |
| CN109082306A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The device and method of gasification of biomass coupling coal fired power generation co-producing bio matter charcoal |
| CN109161405A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-08 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | A kind of devices and methods therefor of biomass fluid bed-fixed bed gasification coupling coal-burning boiler coproduction charcoal |
| CN109913273A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-21 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of rubbish and biomass are total to gasification system and its operation method |
| CN113025385A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Rotary biomass fluidized bed gasification device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108085063A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-29 | 东南大学 | A kind of low tar double bed gasification process and device |
| CN109082306A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The device and method of gasification of biomass coupling coal fired power generation co-producing bio matter charcoal |
| CN109161405A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-08 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | A kind of devices and methods therefor of biomass fluid bed-fixed bed gasification coupling coal-burning boiler coproduction charcoal |
| CN109161405B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2023-11-10 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | Device and method for co-producing carbon by biomass fluidized bed-fixed bed gasification coupling coal-fired boiler |
| CN109913273A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-21 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of rubbish and biomass are total to gasification system and its operation method |
| CN113025385A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Rotary biomass fluidized bed gasification device |
| CN113025385B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-05-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Rotary biomass fluidized bed gasification device |
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Application publication date: 20180112 |