CN105885950B - A kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system - Google Patents
A kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105885950B CN105885950B CN201610341931.7A CN201610341931A CN105885950B CN 105885950 B CN105885950 B CN 105885950B CN 201610341931 A CN201610341931 A CN 201610341931A CN 105885950 B CN105885950 B CN 105885950B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/725—Redox processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system, belong to field of solid waste treating technology.Including solid waste feed system, pyrolysis apparatus, oxidator system, oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor.Recirculating fluidized bed oxidator, bubbling or turbulent fluidized bed pyrolysis apparatus that the present invention is combined using stripping tube and sedimentation pipe, cyclone reactor realize bed material circulating between three, using cyclone reactor realize hott bed material and pyrolysis gas be sufficiently mixed be greatly promoted coke tar cracking and gas purification；And by the optimization of oxidator and pyrolysis apparatus structure, it is different that bed material is used in mixed way, bed material circulates system and the raising of gas-solid mixed-level and the improvement of feed system, it greatly improves whole pyrolytic gasification efficiency and product gas calorific value, reduce product gas tar content, prepare cleaning pyrolysis gas/synthesis gas of high-quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solid waste treating technology, more particularly, to three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste
With coke tar cracking integral system.
Background technique
With social progress and expanding economy, demand of the mankind to the energy increasingly increases, traditional fossil energy by
It is non-renewable in its, it is faced with exhausted problem.Biomass energy, as it is reproducible, potential it is sustainable, versus environmental is friendly
Good clean energy resource, in recent years by attention both domestic and external, be only second to coal, oil and natural gas is in total energy consumption
4th energy.China's biomass resource rich reserves, but effective rate of utilization is also very low.The biomass total amount generated every year has
More than 50 hundred million tons, wherein the wastes such as agricultural crop straw have more than 700,000,000 tons, and removing returning to the field, which makees also surplus more than 300,000,000 tons of the amount such as feed, not to be had
It is utilized effectively；Forestry waste also has hundred million tons of 1.5-2；And China also have huge house refuse, city have stable political situation river dirt
The biomass resources such as mud and various trade wastes.How solid waste resource is effectively utilized, it is made to be converted into cleaning
The energy has become China's problem in the urgent need to address.Pyrolytic gasification is to handle and utilize the very important of solid waste
Mode can convert solid waste to high-grade pyrolysis gas or synthesis gas with substitute fossil fuels and be used for power generation, work
Industry boiler kiln, exhausting fuel etc. or for synthesizing various fuels and chemicals and hydrogen manufacturing etc., can not only subtract
Less to the dependence of fossil energy, improvement China's energy resource structure, alleviation energy resource supply contradiction, guarantee national energy security, Er Qieneng
Enough reduce the discharge of pollutant and greenhouse gases.Being pyrolyzed at present with the main problem of gasification is that product gas calorific value is low, tar content
Height hampers further commercialization promotion and application.External double-fluidized-bed gasification furnace and chemical-looping combustion/gasification technology
It quickly grows in recent years, is referred from domestic and international advanced experience, this project uses charcoal, peat, ash on the basis of fluidized bed
Divide, industrial waste iron rust (Fe2O3) or power plant desulfurization gypsum (CaSO4) etc. good economy performances material or waste be bed material, improve bed
The circulation pattern of material effectively reduces pollutant emission and adjusts the composition of product gas farthest to reduce tar content, hair
Open up three combination pyrolytic gasifications of new and effective solid waste and the coke tar cracking integration of a kind of suitable China's solid waste
System.Three pyrolysis and gasification technology realize the natural separation of nitrogen and product gas (pyrolysis gas or synthesis gas), product gas heat
Value is high, is to convert high-grade synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas, hydrogen and bio-natural gas and liquid for low-grade solid waste
The effective way of fuel, and adaptability to raw material is strong, reaction speed is fast, intensity is big, is suitble to industrial applications and popularization, has non-
Normal vast potential for future development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of raising product gas calorific value and whole pyrolytic gasification efficiency and it is further reduced
Three combination pyrolytic gasifications of the solid waste of the content of tar and pollutant and coke tar cracking integral system in product gas.
Realizing the technical solution of the object of the invention is: a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste of the present invention and tar
Crack integral system, including solid waste feed system (1), pyrolysis apparatus (2), oxidator system (3), oxidator whirlwind point
From device and cyclone reactor；Oxidator cyclone separator includes oxidator primary cyclone (7) and oxidator second level whirlwind
Separator (8), cyclone reactor include that one cyclonic divides reactor (10) and second level whirlwind to divide reactor (11)；Solid waste
Feed system (1) is connect with pyrolysis apparatus (2), and the delivery outlet of pyrolysis apparatus (2) passes through non-mechanical valve pipeline or mechanical valve or screw rod system
System is connect with oxidator system (3)；The gas output end a part on oxidator system (3) top is separated with oxidator one cyclonic
The input terminal of device (7) connects, and a part and one cyclonic of oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom output end divide reactor
(10) input terminal connection, one cyclonic divide the lower output side of reactor (10) to be connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2), meanwhile, one
The gas feed of grade cyclone reactor (10) is connected to pyrolysis apparatus (2)；The gas output end on oxidator system (3) top it is another
Part is connect with the input terminal of oxic gas discharge cyclone separator (9), and the solid of oxic gas discharge cyclone separator (9) lower part is defeated
Outlet is connect with residue collecting tank (16), and the bottom of residue collecting tank (16) is equipped with residual cake valve, while residue collecting tank (16)
It is connect equipped with feed back pipe and mechanical valve or screw rod system or non-mechanical valve with oxidator system (3)；Oxidator system (3) is additionally provided with
Oxidator feeder pipe (6) is connect with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Another part of oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom output end is logical
The feeder pipe (14) of peroxidating device primary cyclone (7) is connected to connection, oxidator one cyclonic with oxidator feeder pipe (6)
The feeder pipe (14) of separator (7) converges with oxidator feeder pipe (6) is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) afterwards；The rotation of oxidator level-one
Wind separator (7) top output port is connect with the input terminal of oxidator secondary cyclone (8), oxidator second level cyclonic separation
Device (8) lower output side divides the input terminal of reactor (11) to connect with second level whirlwind, and second level whirlwind divides reactor (11) lower part
Output end is connect with solid waste feed system (1)；One cyclonic divides the upper output terminal and second level whirlwind of reactor (10)
Divide reactor (11) connection.
The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electric heating or apply insulating layer, are pyrolyzed
The outside of device is equipped with microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic induction heater, electric heater unit or applies insulating layer.
Further optimization plan is described a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking one
Body system, the oxidator system (3) use recirculating fluidized bed structural shape, including riser (4), be located at riser
(4) gas handling system (18) of bottom, slag discharge port (19), further comprise sedimentation pipe (5), and sedimentation pipe (5) diameter is greater than
Riser (4) diameter, and sedimentation pipe (5) entangles riser upper outlet, sedimentation pipe (5) and riser (4) are not coaxial asymmetric
I.e. central axis is parallel and has spacing, and sedimentation pipe (5) lower end is equipped with particle delivery outlet and passes through oxidator feeder pipe (6) and pyrolysis apparatus
(2) it connects；If oxidator system (3) does not contain sedimentation pipe, particle delivery outlet is directly arranged on riser (4), particle output
Mouth and oxidator feeder pipe (6) connection, oxidator feeder pipe (6) and pyrolysis apparatus (2) connection；Riser (4) and sedimentation (5) Guan Zhi
Diameter is different, and is set as asymmetric arrangement, i.e., riser (4) is biased to be arranged in the side of sedimentation pipe (5), the sedimentation pipe
(5) particle delivery outlet is connect by oxidator feeder pipe (6) with the input port of pyrolysis apparatus (2).Oxidator system (3) is used and is mentioned
The recirculating fluidized bed structure type that riser (4) and sedimentation pipe (5) combine, riser (4) and sedimentation pipe (5) use asymmetric cloth
It sets to make the side of biggish bed material particle packing below in sedimentation pipe (5), be conducive to bulky grain discharge nozzle and feeder pipe
(6) effective material envelope is realized, these bulky grains are directly transported to pyrolysis apparatus (2), avoid the mill in cyclone separator in
Damage.
Further optimization plan is described a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking one
Body system, pyrolysis apparatus (2) use fluidized bed pyrolyzer, the material feed end of the fluidized bed pyrolyzer be horizontal screw rod into
Glassware, the main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) can be bubbling or turbulent fluid bed reactor or have acclive fluidized-bed reaction for bottom plate
Device has hole on fluidized-bed reactor bottom plate, and the heating of the fluidized bed pyrolyzer or heat preserving mode can be microwave heating, electromagnetism
Induction heating, electric heating apply efficient insulation layer.
In the bed material of pyrolysis apparatus (2) other than including charcoal and ash content, further bed material further includes thermophore, catalysis
One or more of agent, oxygen carrier etc..
Further optimization plan is described a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking one
Body system, the one cyclonic divide reactor (10) to be arranged in the internal or external of pyrolysis apparatus (2), when one cyclonic reactor
(10) it is arranged when pyrolysis apparatus (2) is external, the output end of one cyclonic reactor (10) is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2).Level-one
Heat transfer efficiency can be improved when being placed in inside fluidized bed pyrolyzer in cyclone reactor (10).
Further optimization plan is described a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking one
Body system, solid waste feed system (1) include screw feeder, and solid waste feed system (1) uses rotary valve
The combination of one or more sealing means such as sealing, the sealing of bivalve locking hopper, screw rod transmission extruding sealing, sealing gland is realized
Feed system and reactor being effectively isolated and sealing.
The present invention is a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system, three phase interactions
High-quality product gas is prepared with the processes such as oxidation, partial oxidation, gasification and pyrolysis, coke tar cracking may be implemented.The present invention uses
Pyrolysis apparatus, oxidator, cyclone reactor realize pyrolysis associated with three, gasification and coke tar cracking；Cyclone reactor realizes hott bed
Material and being vigorously mixed for pyrolysis gas reform tar, removing pollutant with abundant cracking.
Solid waste and bed material mixture are transported to heat by solid waste feed system (1) (especially screw feeder)
It solves device (2), pyrolysis apparatus (2) main body is fluidized bed, and fluidizing agent is vapor or other gases.Pyrolysis solid product passes through machinery
It valve or non-mechanical valve pipeline (being such as recycled back to expects pipe (15)) and blows gas and enters oxidator system (3).The sedimentation pipe of oxidator (3)
(5) the oxidator feeder pipe (6) of lower end can be swept the bed material of larger particles by non-mechanical valve and sealing gland pneumatic transmission air-blowing directly defeated
It is sent to pyrolysis apparatus (2).The gas handling system (18) of oxidator system (3) bottom is passed through air and synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas or powdery
Fuel (such as charcoal or powdery biomass particle), being mixed and burned generation high-temperature area makes to fall after ash fusion, slag are cooling
It is discharged by the slag discharge port (19) of oxidator system (3) bottom；The pyrolysis gas come out from second level cyclone reactor (11) can be gone
Downstream or the gas handling system (18) for returning to oxidator system (3) are used as fuel.Oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9) gas-solid point
From the gas mixing that rear gas and oxidator secondary cyclone (8) come out, solid flows into residue collecting tank (16), and residue is received
A part of material enters oxidator system (3) by mechanical valve or screw rod system or non-mechanical valve and purge gass inside collection tank (16)
With the residence time of prolongation material and improve efficiency of carbon con version；Other residues are by a rotary valve discharge.
The output end of the oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects one cyclonic reactor by non-mechanical valve
(10), after the output end of the oxidator secondary cyclone (8) connects second level cyclone reactor (11) by non-mechanical valve,
It is connect again with the input terminal of the feeder pipe of second level cyclone reactor (17), the feeder pipe (17) and solid of second level cyclone reactor are useless
The screw feeder of gurry feed system (1) is directly connected to connection or is connected to by valve, the hott bed material inside feeder pipe (17)
There is pre-dried effect to the material inside screw feeder, to improve whole pyrolytic gasification efficiency.The oxidator two
The output end of grade cyclone separator (8) can also be directly connected to pyrolysis apparatus (2).
There are the reactions such as burning, partial oxidation, gasification inside oxidator system (3), can be burner, product is
Flue gas, is also possible to gasifier, and product gas is synthesis gas；When oxidator system (3) is gasifier, oxidator system (3)
The pyrolysis gas of synthesis gas and pyrolysis apparatus (2) may return to oxidator system (3) inlet oxidator gas handling system (18) and
Air is mixed and burned；Pyrolysis apparatus (2) can be Non-oxygen pyrolytic device, and product gas is pyrolysis gas, is such as passed through some air, oxygen or adds
Enter some oxygen carriers to pyrolysis apparatus, product gas is also possible to synthesis gas.
Oxidator system (3) bottom is passed through air and combustion gas or powdery solid fuel, and burning occurs and partial oxidation is anti-
High temperature should be generated；High-temperature gas enters in the radial intermediate position in oxidator system (3) bottom, and slag is arranged by slag below
(19) discharge is exported, air and fuel are added system and connect by pipeline and oxidator system (3).
The present invention uses pressure sensor and control valve, passes through control oxidator exit gas or oxidator inlet air flow
Amount and pressure and air-fuel ratio are allowed to balanced to adjust the pressure of oxidator and pyrolysis apparatus, effectively ensure between two reactors
The stable operation of material circulating system.
The main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is fluidized-bed reactor or is that bottom plate has acclive reactor, fluidized-bed reactor bottom
There is hole on plate；The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode be microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electric heating or apply insulating layer,
The outside of pyrolysis apparatus is equipped with microwave heating equipment, electromagnetic induction heater, electric heater unit or applies insulating layer.
The present invention has the effect of positive: (1) present invention is three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking
Integral system not only increases pyrolytic gasification efficiency, and reduces tar and pollutant emission, and product gas is free of dioxin
Equal pollutants, the synergistic effect of thermophore, catalyst and charcoal etc. are contained with reducing tar and pollutant emission to the greatest extent
Amount.
(2) pyrolysis apparatus is mutually tied using screw rod transmission, gravity conveying with fluidisation using bubbling or the design of turbulent fluidization bed structure
The particle flow mode of conjunction, increases the flexibility of pyrolysis system stability and operation, improves and fits to ash fusion bonding
Ying Xing.The product gas of pyrolysis apparatus is pyrolysis gas, is such as passed through some air, oxygen or some oxygen carriers are added to pyrolysis apparatus, produce
Product gas can be synthesis gas.
(3) it is added to cyclone reactor from the hott bed material one that oxidator system is come, pyrolysis apparatus bed is added at one, revolved
A part of hot material of wind reactor is added to the screw feeder of feed system, is conducive to predrying material, is also conducive to pyrolysis apparatus
Bed temperature is uniformly distributed and improves pyrolytic gasification efficiency, and hott bed material is in cyclone reactor and the pyrolysis containing tar
Gas is sufficiently mixed farthest to reduce pyrolysis gas tar content and pollutant emission, improves pyrolytic gasification efficiency.
Cyclone reactor can be placed in inside pyrolysis apparatus to improve heat transfer efficiency.
(4) wherein the consistent single tube reactor of diameter can be used in oxidator system, and the inconsistent promotion of diameter can also be used
The fluidized-bed structure form that pipe and sedimentation pipe combine, fluidized bed riser and sedimentation pipe are made larger using asymmetric arrangement
Side of the bed material particle packing below sedimentation pipe, be conducive to realize bulky grain discharge nozzle and feeder pipe effective material envelope,
These bulky grains are directly transported to pyrolysis apparatus, avoid the abrasion in cyclone separator.
(5) gas handling system of oxidator system bottom is passed through air and synthesis gas, pyrolysis gas or dusty fuel (as recycled
Charcoal or powdered biomass), be mixed and burned oxidator bottom radial intermediate region generate high temperature make ash fusion, melt
It falls after slag is cooling and is discharged by oxidator bottom, slag has recycle value.Recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system bottom is passed through
Air divide two-way, it is cooling for slag all the way all the way for burning.Steam generator can be equipped with outside the burning zone of oxidator
To generate vapor using its heat, while being conducive to the cooling and discharge of slag.Inside oxidator have complete oxidation (burning),
Partial oxidation, gasification and pyrolytic reaction occur, and gaseous product is to can be flue gas, is also possible to synthesis gas.
Detailed description of the invention
In order that the present invention can be more clearly and readily understood, right below according to specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is that the present invention shows comprising the integral system structure that sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor are located inside pyrolysis apparatus
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention shows comprising the integral system structure that sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor are located at outside pyrolysis apparatus
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 present invention does not include the integral system structure that sedimentation pipe and one cyclonic reactor are located inside pyrolysis apparatus and shows
It is intended to.
Appended drawing reference: 1, solid waste feed system, 2, pyrolysis apparatus, 3, oxidator system, 4, riser, 5, sedimentation
Pipe, 6, oxidator feeder pipe, 7, oxidator primary cyclone, 8, oxidator secondary cyclone, 9, oxidator discharge
Cyclone separator, 10, one cyclonic reactor, 11, second level cyclone reactor, 12, oxidator primary cyclone lower end it is non-
Mechanical valve, 13, one cyclonic reactor feeder pipe, 14, oxidator primary cyclone feeder pipe, 15, be recycled back to expects pipe,
16, residue collecting tank, 17, second level cyclone reactor feeder pipe, 18, oxidator gas handling system, 19, slag discharge port.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system,
With solid waste feed system 1, pyrolysis apparatus 2, oxidator system 3, oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor, wherein
Solid waste feed system 1 is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus 2；The bottom delivery outlet of pyrolysis apparatus 2 passes through mechanical valve or screw rod transmission
System or non-mechanical valve pipeline (being such as recycled back to expects pipe 15) are connect with oxidator system 3；The output end of oxidator system 3 and oxidation
The input terminal of device cyclone separator connects, and the output end of oxidator cyclone separator is defeated by non-mechanical valve and cyclone reactor
Enter end connection, cyclone reactor 10 is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus 2.
Oxidator system 3 is circulating fluidized bed combustor, and product gas is flue gas；Pyrolysis apparatus 2 is using bubbling or turbulence stream
The structure of fluidized bed reactor designs, and product gas is pyrolysis gas；The product gas that cyclone reactor comes out is synthesis gas.Oxidator system
3 bottoms are passed through air and combustion gas or powdery solid fuel, and burning occurs and partial oxidation reaction generates high temperature；High-temperature gas is in oxygen
Change the position among 3 bottom diameter of device system to enter, slag is discharged by slag discharge port 19 below, and system is added in air and fuel
System is connected by pipeline and recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3.
Wherein oxidator cyclone separator includes primary cyclone 7, secondary cyclone 8 and the rotation of oxidator discharge
Wind separator 9, the cyclone reactor include one cyclonic reactor 10 and second level cyclone reactor 11, the oxidator level-one
The output end of cyclone separator 7 connects one cyclonic reactor 10, the oxidator secondary cyclone 8 by non-mechanical valve
Output end second level cyclone reactor 11 is connected by non-mechanical valve after, then the input with the feeder pipe 17 of second level cyclone reactor
End connection, feeder pipe 17 are directly connected to connection with the screw feeder of solid waste feed system 1 or are connected to by valve, oxygen
The feeder pipe 14 for changing device primary cyclone 7 is connected to connection with oxidator feeder pipe 6, after feeder pipe 14 and 6 converges and is pyrolyzed
Device connection connection.The gas that oxidator primary cyclone 7 comes out enters secondary cyclone 8, oxidator discharge whirlwind
After 9 gas solid separation of separator, the gas mixing that gas and oxidator secondary cyclone 8 come out, solid enters residue collection
Tank 16, the 16 a part of material in the inside of residue collecting tank enter circulation by mechanical valve or screw rod system or non-mechanical valve and purge gass
Fluidized bed oxidator system 3 is with the residence time of prolongation material and improves efficiency of carbon con version；Other materials are by a rotation
Valve discharge.The output end of the oxidator secondary cyclone 8 can also be directly connected to fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2.
Oxidator system 3 includes riser 4, sedimentation pipe 5, the gas handling system 18 positioned at its bottom, 19 and of slag discharge port
Steam generator outside 3 tube wall of recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system is set.Riser 4 is different with 5 diameter of sedimentation pipe, and diameter
To for asymmetric arrangement, riser 4 is biased to be arranged in the side of sedimentation pipe 5, the feeder pipe 6 of sedimentation pipe 5 by non-mechanical valve with
The input port of fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 connects, and biggish bed material particle enters fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 by feeder pipe 6.
Its course of work are as follows: the next pyrolysis gas of the air and downstream circulation that the gas handling system 18 of oxidator system 3 is passed through (or
Powdery solid fuel) complete oxidation (burning) occurs for the carbon residue that sends with fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2, generation of burning
High temperature melts ash content to form slag and be discharged by bottom；The gas that oxidation generates is mainly the CO of high temperature2、H2O and N2.This flue gas
It can be used for generating steam, some vapor returns to pyrolysis apparatus 2 and recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 is used as fluidizing agent.
The fluidized-bed structure form that oxidator system 3 is combined using riser 4 and sedimentation pipe 5, riser 4 and sedimentation pipe
5 use asymmetric arrangement to make side of the biggish bed material particle packing below sedimentation pipe 5, are conducive to discharge to bulky grain
It manages and oxidator feeder pipe 6 realizes effective material envelope, these bulky grains, which pass through non-mechanical valve and blow gas, is directly transported to stream
Change in bed pyrolysis apparatus 2, avoids the abrasion in oxidator primary cyclone 7 and secondary cyclone 8.It is ciculation fluidized
The hott bed material of bed oxidator system 3 passes through the gas-solid of oxidator primary cyclone 7 and oxidator secondary cyclone 8
Enter in one cyclonic reactor 10 and second level cyclone reactor 11 after separation, hott bed material and the pyrolysis gas containing tar sufficiently mix
It closes to reduce pyrolysis gas tar content and pollutant emission to the greatest extent, also improves system pyrolytic gasification efficiency.From
The hott bed material that one cyclonic reactor 10 and second level cyclone reactor 11 are separated respectively enters fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 and solid
The screw feeder of waste feed system 1, the hott bed material that second level cyclone reactor 11 is separated enters screw feeder, right
Material inside screw feeder play the role of it is pre-dried, to improve whole pyrolytic gasification efficiency.One cyclonic is anti-
Device 10 is answered to be placed in 2 the inside of fluidized bed pyrolyzer to improve heat transfer efficiency, the solid bed material warp that one cyclonic reactor 10 is isolated
It crosses feeder pipe 13 and a material sealing mechanism enters 2 the inside of fluidized bed pyrolyzer；Heat after 10 gas solid separation of one cyclonic reactor
It vents one's spleen and enters second level cyclone reactor 11, the pyrolysis gas after 11 gas solid separation of second level cyclone reactor enters the gas cooling in downstream
And purification system.
Solid waste enters fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 by feed system, and feed system is using screw rod transmission extruding, Starlike valve
Or the sealing means that locking hopper, sealing gland combine.Be bubbled or turbulent fluidized bed pyrolysis apparatus 2 using screw rod transmission, gravity and
The particle flow mode that fluidisation (bottom plate has hole) combines, increases the flexibility of pyrolysis system stability and operation, improves
To the adaptability of ash fusion bonding.The improvement of the improvement and the bed material circulatory system that are designed by pyrolysis reactor structure, bed material
In charcoal, ash content and catalyst can be by most of coke tar cracking, so that tar content in pyrolysis gas be greatly lowered.Stream
Change charcoal and other bed material overflows that bed pyrolysis apparatus 2 generates to recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3.Wherein fluidized bed pyrolyzer
2 improve or maintain pyrolysis temperature with the mode of microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electric heating or setting efficient insulation layer, thus
Improve pyrolysis product distribution and composition.
Other than charcoal and ash content, further bed material further includes thermophore, catalyst and oxygen carrier etc., these bed materials association
Same-action can be to reduce tar content and pollutant emission to the greatest extent.By being pyrolyzed and oxidation reactor feed system
It improves, the optimization design of oxidator and pyrolysis apparatus structure, different bed material is used in mixed way, bed material circulates and gas-solid mixed-level
Raising, this system can produce high-quality product gas, greatly improve whole pyrolytic gasification efficiency, improve product gas heat
It is worth, reduces product gas tar content and pollutant emission, to be effectivelys prepared the cleaning products gas of high-quality.Using municipal administration
Sludge or agriculture and forestry organic waste material etc. are raw material, product gas Lower heat value > 10MJ/kg.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, it is the recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 using air supply with the difference place for implementing 1
Mode insufficient, burning is insufficient, i.e., the operational mode of partial oxidation, the product gas of gasifier are synthesis gas, successively include
Riser 4, sedimentation pipe 5 and the gas handling system 18 positioned at its bottom.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, it is to joined in the bed material of the fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 with the difference place for implementing 1 cheap
Industrial waste iron rust (Fe2O3), power plant desulfurization gypsum (CaSO4) etc. oxygen carriers, the release of Lattice Oxygen contained by oxygen carrier promote heat
The partial oxidation of device is solved, to improve the temperature of pyrolysis apparatus, fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 operates the operational mode in gasifier,
Product gas is synthesis gas.Recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 is operated in full-burn mode.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 2, it is that the cyclone reactor 10 is placed in the outer of fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 with the difference place for implementing 1
Face, the solid bed material that cyclone reactor 10 is separated is by non-mechanical valve and blows gas back to fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 3, it is the recirculating fluidized bed oxidator system 3 using same diameter with the difference place for implementing 1
Single tube reactor, successively include riser 4, the gas handling system 18 positioned at its bottom, slag discharge port 19 and setting following
Steam generator (not illustrating) outside 3 tube wall of ring fluidized bed oxidator system.Fluidized bed pyrolyzer 2 has inclination angle slope using bottom plate
The distribution grid of degree.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of three combination pyrolytic gasifications of solid waste and coke tar cracking integral system, which is characterized in that including solid
Waste feed system (1), pyrolysis apparatus (2), oxidator system (3), oxidator cyclone separator and cyclone reactor；Oxidator
Cyclone separator includes oxidator primary cyclone (7) and oxidator secondary cyclone (8), and cyclone reactor includes
One cyclonic reactor (10) and second level cyclone reactor (11)；The delivery outlet of pyrolysis apparatus (2) passes through non-mechanical valve pipeline or machine
Tool valve or screw rod system are connect with oxidator system (3)；The gas output end a part and oxidator on oxidator system (3) top
The input terminal of primary cyclone (7) connects, a part and level-one of oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom output end
The input terminal of cyclone reactor (10) connects, and the lower output side of one cyclonic reactor (10) is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2),
Meanwhile the gas feed of one cyclonic reactor (10) is connected to pyrolysis apparatus (2)；The gas on oxidator system (3) top exports
The another part at end is connect with the input terminal of oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9), oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9) lower part
Solid output end connect with residue collecting tank (16), the bottom of residue collecting tank (16) is equipped with residual cake valve, residue collecting tank
(16) feed back pipe and mechanical valve are equipped with or non-mechanical valve is connect with oxidator system (3)；Oxidator system (3) is equipped under oxidator
Expects pipe (6) is connect with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；Another part of oxidator primary cyclone (7) bottom output end passes through oxidator
The feeder pipe (14) of primary cyclone (7) is connected to connection, oxidator primary cyclone with oxidator feeder pipe (6)
(7) feeder pipe (14) converges with oxidator feeder pipe (6) is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) afterwards；The separation of oxidator one cyclonic
Device (7) top output port is connect with the input terminal of oxidator secondary cyclone (8), oxidator secondary cyclone (8)
Lower output side is connect with the input terminal of second level cyclone reactor (11), the output end of second level cyclone reactor (11) lower part and solid
Body waste feed system (1) connection；The upper output terminal of one cyclonic reactor (10) and second level cyclone reactor (11) are even
It connects；The heating of pyrolysis apparatus or heat preserving mode are microwave heating, electromagnetic induction heating, electric heating or apply insulating layer；Pyrolysis apparatus (2)
For vertical structure；Position of the oxidator feeder pipe (6) in pyrolysis apparatus (2) is being pyrolyzed lower than solid waste feed system (1)
Position in device (2)；The output end of oxidator primary cyclone (7) connects one cyclonic reaction by non-mechanical valve (12)
Device (10).
2. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, oxidator system (3) use recirculating fluidized bed structural shape, including riser (4), be located at promoted bottom of the tube
Gas handling system (18), slag discharge port (19), further include sedimentation pipe (5), sedimentation pipe (5) diameter is greater than riser (4) diameter,
And sedimentation pipe (5) entangles riser upper outlet, sedimentation pipe (5) it is parallel with the not coaxial asymmetric i.e. central axis of riser (4) and
There is spacing, sedimentation pipe (5) lower end is equipped with particle delivery outlet and is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) by oxidator feeder pipe (6).
3. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, the one cyclonic reactor (10) is arranged in the internal or external of pyrolysis apparatus (2), when one cyclonic reactor
When being arranged outside pyrolysis apparatus, the output end of one cyclonic reactor (10) is via one cyclonic reactor feeder pipe (13), oxygen
Change device feeder pipe (6) and is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2)；When one cyclonic reactor is arranged inside pyrolysis apparatus, one cyclonic
The output end of reactor (10) is connect with one cyclonic reactor feeder pipe (13), under one cyclonic reactor feeder pipe (13)
Hold the position being respectively lower than solid waste feed system (1) in pyrolysis apparatus (2), oxidator feeder pipe (6) in pyrolysis apparatus (2)
In position.
4. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, the main body of pyrolysis apparatus (2) is fluidized bed, it is bubbling or turbulent fluid bed reactor or has for bottom plate acclive
Fluidized-bed reactor has hole on fluidized-bed reactor bottom plate.
5. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, solid waste feed system (1) is squeezed using rotary valve sealing, the sealing of bivalve locking hopper, screw rod transmission
The combination of sealing, one of sealing gland or a variety of sealing means realize feed system and reactor be effectively isolated with
Sealing.
6. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, the output end of the oxidator secondary cyclone (8) connects second level cyclone reactor by non-mechanical valve
(11) it after, then connect with the input terminal of the feeder pipe (17) of second level cyclone reactor, the feeder pipe (17) of second level cyclone reactor
It is directly connected to or is connected to by valve, the feeder pipe of oxidator primary cyclone (7) with solid waste feed system (1)
(14) connection, the feeder pipe (14) of oxidator primary cyclone (7) and oxidator blanking are connected to oxidator feeder pipe (6)
It manages and is connected to connection with pyrolysis apparatus (2) after (6) are converged；Oxidator discharge cyclone separator (9) output end and residue collecting tank
(16) input terminal connection connection, residue collecting tank (16) pass through feed back pipe and mechanical valve or non-mechanical valve and oxidator system (3)
Solid residue is discharged by a residual cake valve in connection connection, residue collecting tank (16).
7. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, the output end of the oxidator secondary cyclone (8) replaces with and is directly connected to or passes through with pyrolysis apparatus (2)
Mechanical valve/non-mechanical valve connection.
8. three combination pyrolytic gasifications of a kind of solid waste described in accordance with the claim 1 and coke tar cracking integral system,
It is characterized in that, further including thermophore, catalyst, oxygen carrier in the bed material of pyrolysis apparatus (2) other than including charcoal and ash content
One or more of.
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| CN110540206B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2021-05-11 | 新特能源股份有限公司 | Online slag discharging device and method for fluidized bed reactor |
| CN111378512A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for preparing synthesis gas by biomass pyrolysis and gasification |
| CN111763524B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2024-10-15 | 北京化工大学 | Spout and fluidization combined three-section type intensified pyrolysis gasification system and method |
| CN111715181B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2022-04-12 | 康瑞利琪环保科技(上海)有限公司 | Production system and method of environment-friendly wall decoration material |
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| CN105419877A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 代建军 | Solid waste two-stage pyrolysis gasification system based on fluidized bed and moving bed |
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| CN205740917U (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system |
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| CN105419877A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 代建军 | Solid waste two-stage pyrolysis gasification system based on fluidized bed and moving bed |
| CN105419878A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 代建军 | Two-section pyrolysis and gasification system of solid waste |
| CN205740917U (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of solid waste three combination pyrolytic gasification and coke tar cracking integral system |
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