CN109536208A - A kind of gasification furnace and its operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish - Google Patents

A kind of gasification furnace and its operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109536208A
CN109536208A CN201811621504.XA CN201811621504A CN109536208A CN 109536208 A CN109536208 A CN 109536208A CN 201811621504 A CN201811621504 A CN 201811621504A CN 109536208 A CN109536208 A CN 109536208A
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China
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gasification furnace
biomass
gasified
zone
rubbish
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CN201811621504.XA
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CN109536208B (en
Inventor
齐永锋
单小伟
王妹婷
张培
邱承彬
王克
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Yangzhou University
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Yangzhou University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/725—Redox processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/154—Pushing devices, e.g. pistons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983—Additives
    • C10J2300/0986—Catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0983—Additives
    • C10J2300/0989—Hydrocarbons as additives to gasifying agents to improve caloric properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention belongs to Energy Conversion Technology field, it is related to a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish and its operating method.Gasified raw material is uniformly mixed the feeding port for being sent into gasification furnace by the rotation of helical blade by feed screw feeding by gasification furnace；Gasification furnace inlet is equipped with propeller set, so that material enters in gasification furnace evenly dispersedly；It is power plant's dead catalyst that main component is Multimetal oxide that main component is added in biomass and house refuse, keeps reaction more abundant；The outside of feed screw is equipped with dry unsaturated zone, and dry unsaturated zone is connected with the combustion gas extracted out from grey room, using waste heat gas come dried biomass and house refuse；It is equipped with aspiration pump above feed screw and extracts the vapor that house refuse is dried out, raw material is made to maintain drying regime；Reducing zone top is equipped with curved baffle, and the gutter oil that nozzle is sprayed into gasification furnace enters reduction district center along circular arc baffle, can effectively improve the temperature of reducing zone, promotes CH in biomass and house refuse4、H2The release of equal combustible components, improves the quality of gasification burning.

Description

A kind of gasification furnace and its operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish
Technical field
The invention belongs to Energy Conversion Technology fields, are related to a kind of gasification of biomass operating method, in particular to a kind of use In the cooperation-gasified gasification furnace of biomass and rubbish and its operating method.
Background technique
Biomass is widely distributed, total amount renewable energy abundant, and is environmental-friendly low-carbon energy, to society and Economic sustainable development plays an important role.Traditional Biomass Energy Utilization mode is direct burning to obtain thermal energy, But efficiency of combustion is generally lower, causes the serious waste of biomass, and is easy to bring problem of environmental pollution.And biomass is carried out Reproducible biomass energy can be converted to clean high-quality gas and liquid fuel, greatly improve its energy by gasification Utilization rate, while can solve environmental crisis, it is a kind of renewable energy utilization mode with development prospect.
In recent years, the Municipal Garbage Yield in China with society development also constantly increasing, existing domestic rubbish disposal skill It is low mostly to there is energy utilization rate in art, is easy to produce percolate, causes secondary pollution problems to environment, therefore seeks a kind of new Technology by house refuse carry out comprehensive utilization of resources it is extremely urgent.With the development of gasification technology, by biomass and life Rubbish mixing gasifying can not only be handled house refuse, while also improve the gasification efficiency of biomass, to realize life The recycling of rubbish living recycles.
Therefore, it around the gasification property of biomass and house refuse, designs a kind of for biomass and domestic garbage mixing The gasification process of gasification has become a top priority.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the gasification property of biomass and house refuse, provide a kind of for biomass and rubbish The cooperation-gasified gasification furnace of rubbish and its operating method can be effectively improved gasification operating condition, and gasification reaction is more uniform sufficiently, improves life Gasification substance combustion gas quality, realizes the resource utilization of house refuse.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, characterized in that including gasify furnace body, feed screw, The feed screw is obliquely installed, and one end is equipped with feeding port, and the other end is placed in gasification furnace bodies top, the screw feeding Machine includes internal helical blade, helical axis, cylindrical case, and the cylindrical case is double-layer structure, forms interlayer cavity；It is described Helical blade, helical axis are located inside feed screw, and gasified raw material is sent into the feed inlet of gasification furnace bodies top；The cylinder The interlayer cavity top of shape shell is equipped with fuel gas inlet, and interlayer cavity bottom is equipped with gas outlet, forms dry unsaturated zone；It is described Gasification furnace body is successively arranged dry section, cracking zone, zoneofoxidation, reducing zone, grey room from top to bottom, and the reducing zone top is equipped with One circle trench oil burner nozzle, gutter oil is uniformly sprayed into gasification furnace, and the reducing zone is additionally provided with the combustion in channel and dry unsaturated zone The connection of gas entrance.
Preferably, aspiration pump is equipped at the top of the internal cavities of the cylindrical case, after extraction is dried by combustion gas biomass and The vapor that rubbish from cooking sample generates.
Preferably, the combustion gas enters in dry unsaturated zone from fuel gas inlet, the life of preparatory heating coil feeder conveying Substance and rubbish from cooking mixture have certain initial temperature before making it into burner hearth, promote gasification result.
Preferably, curved baffle, the curved baffle are equipped between the trench oil burner nozzle and the burner hearth inside for the furnace body that gasifies For up big and down small tubular construction, the vertical section of curved baffle is arc, the trench oil burner nozzle close to curved baffle upper end, to Reducing zone sprays into gutter oil, improves the temperature of reducing zone, promotes the generation of combustible gas components.
Preferably, the inlet of the gasification furnace body is equipped with propeller set, so that material enters gas evenly dispersedly Change in furnace, while the device is connected with motor, can control the speed of material whereabouts.
The operating method of the above-mentioned gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) gasified raw material is sent into gasification furnace from feeding port after evenly mixing by feed screw, by the spiral shell of gasification furnace inlet Rotation paddle device falls into raw material in gasification furnace evenly dispersedly, the cracking zone of lower section is entered after dry section is dry, by urging Fuel gas, tar are generated after changing cracking；The gasified raw material includes that biomass, house refuse and main component are various metals oxygen The useless SCR catalyst of the power plant of compound；
(2) spray into gutter oil into furnace from the trench oil burner nozzle on reducing zone top, gutter oil arcuately baffle with zoneofoxidation One piece of material enters reduction district center and participates in reaction, improves the temperature of reaction zone；
(3) for solid residue after the reaction was completed into ash entrance chamber, the combustion gas of generation is introduced in the drying unsaturated zone of feed screw, Using the waste heat of combustion gas come dried biomass and house refuse raw material, and by being generated in aspiration pump extraction feed screw inside Vapor, gas outlet of the last combustion gas in dry unsaturated zone lower part lead to air accumulator and store.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention provides a kind of gasification furnaces and operating method cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, and operating principle is clear, While improving gasification of biomass quality, the recycling treatment of house refuse is realized.In biomass and life in the present invention Power plant's dead catalyst that main component is Multimetal oxide is added in rubbish, keeps gasification reaction more abundant, improves gasification effect Rate mitigates slagging.Biomass, house refuse and main component are effectively a variety of by the screw feeding function being arranged in the present invention The useless SCR catalyst of the power plant of metal oxide uniformly mixes, and comes dried biomass and life by the waste heat that gasification generates combustion gas Rubbish living, improves capacity usage ratio.The gutter oil sprayed into gasification furnace from reducing zone upper nozzle simultaneously is along circular arc baffle Reduction district center is entered, the quality of gasification burning can be effectively improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gasification furnace of the present invention；
In figure: feeding port 1, helical blade 2, helical axis 3, dry unsaturated zone 4, fuel gas inlet 5, aspiration pump 6, gas outlet 7, electricity Machine 8, propeller set 9, trench oil burner nozzle 10, curved baffle 11.
Specific implementation method
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, including gasification furnace body, feed screw, Propeller set 9 rotates the feeding port that gasified raw material uniformly mixes feeding gasification furnace body, feed screw by helical blade It is double-layer structure that the outside of shell, which is equipped with dry unsaturated zone 4(cylindrical case, and interlayer cavity top is equipped with fuel gas inlet 5, bottom Equipped with gas outlet 7, dry unsaturated zone is formed), dry unsaturated zone is connected with the combustion gas come out from grey room, sets above feed screw There is the vapor that aspiration pump 6 extracts biomass, house refuse is dried out.Reducing zone top is equipped with curved baffle 11, arc It is equipped with a circle nozzle 10 among baffle and furnace wall, gutter oil is sprayed into furnace.
Gasified raw material is the useless SCR catalyst of power plant that biomass, house refuse and main component are Multimetal oxide, Wherein gasification efficiency can be improved as additive in power plant's catalyst.Gasification furnace inlet is equipped with propeller set 9, so that object Expect to enter in gasification furnace evenly dispersedly, while the device is connected with motor 8, can control the speed of material whereabouts.Trench Oil is after atomizer sprays, and arcuately baffle 11 enters reduction district center.Feed screw is equipped with bimetallic tube, and (cylindrical case is double Layer structure, including internal cavities, interlayer cavity), the gasification burning come out from grey room is passed through in interlayer cavity, to dry feeder Interior house refuse and biomass.
Gasified raw material is uniformly mixed by the rotation of helical blade by feed screw feeding and is sent into gasification furnace by gasification furnace Feeding port；The useless SCR catalyst of power plant that main component is Multimetal oxide is added in biomass and house refuse, is made It reacts more abundant；The outside of feed screw is equipped with dry unsaturated zone, and dry unsaturated zone is connected with the combustion gas extracted out from grey room, benefit With waste heat gas come dried biomass and house refuse；Aspiration pump extraction house refuse is equipped with above feed screw to be dried out The vapor come, makes raw material maintain drying regime；Reducing zone top is equipped with curved baffle, the ground that nozzle is sprayed into gasification furnace Ditch oil enters reduction district center along circular arc baffle, can effectively improve the temperature of reducing zone, promotes biomass and house refuse Middle CH4、H2The release of equal combustible components, can be effectively improved the quality of gasification burning.The penetrating of gutter oil reduces in biomass C, H element is toward CO, CO2Conversion, promote C, H element to CH4Conversion.Mix the CH of sample4Burst size greatly increases, CO2Burst size is substantially reduced.
The biomass and domestic garbage mixing gasification furnace that the present invention designs, can effectively improve the CH of sample4Yield, more singly Pure biomass gasifying furnace, Methane Emissionss improve 25-30%, while the burst size of hydrogen improves 5%-10%, CO2Release 20-30% is high-volume reduced, to significantly improve the calorific value of gasification burning.Meanwhile trench is sprayed into reducing zone top position Oil makes reducing zone temperature improve 80-100 DEG C, reacts more abundant.It is a variety of gold that main component is added in this gasification furnace raw material Belong to power plant's dead catalyst of oxide, more simple biomass gasifying furnace, tar yield reduces 5%-10%.
A kind of operating method of the gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, includes the following steps:
(1) biomass, house refuse and main component are that the power plant of Multimetal oxide gives up SCR catalyst by feed screw It is sent into gasification furnace from feeding port after evenly mixing, so that raw material is fallen into gas evenly dispersedly by the propeller set of gasification furnace inlet Change in furnace, after dry section is dry, proceeds immediately to the cracking zone of lower section, fuel gas, coke are generated after catalytic pyrolysis Oil etc.；
(2) spray into gutter oil into furnace from the upper nozzle of reducing zone, gutter oil arcuately baffle with zoneofoxidation material one Block enters reduction district center and participates in reaction；
(3) for solid residue after the reaction was completed into ash entrance chamber, combustion gas, which is introduced in the outer layer cavity of feed screw, carrys out drying Biomass and house refuse raw material, the vapor generated by aspiration pump extraction feed screw internal layer, last combustion gas is dry logical The gas outlet of gas-bearing formation lower part leads to air accumulator and stores.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, on the basis of technical solution disclosed by the invention, the skill of this field For art personnel according to disclosed technology contents, one can be made to some of which technical characteristic by not needing creative labor A little replacements and deformation, these replacements and deformation are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish, characterized in that including the furnace body, screw feeding of gasifying Machine, the feed screw are obliquely installed, and one end is equipped with feeding port (1), and the other end is placed in gasification furnace bodies top, the spiral shell Rotation feeder includes internal helical blade (2), helical axis (3), cylindrical case, and the cylindrical case is double-layer structure, is formed Interlayer cavity；The helical blade, helical axis are located inside feed screw, and gasified raw material is sent into gasification furnace bodies top Feed inlet；The interlayer cavity top of the cylindrical case is equipped with fuel gas inlet (5), and interlayer cavity bottom is equipped with gas outlet (7), Form dry unsaturated zone (4)；The gasification furnace body be successively arranged from top to bottom dry section, cracking zone, zoneofoxidation, reducing zone, Grey room, the reducing zone top are equipped with circle trench oil burner nozzle (10), gutter oil, the reducing zone are uniformly sprayed into gasification furnace Channel is additionally provided with to be connected to the fuel gas inlet of dry unsaturated zone.
2. a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder Aspiration pump (6) are equipped at the top of the internal cavities of shape shell, biomass and rubbish from cooking sample generate after extraction is dried by combustion gas Vapor.
3. a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion Gas enters in dry unsaturated zone from fuel gas inlet, the biomass and rubbish from cooking mixture of preparatory heating coil feeder conveying, There is certain initial temperature before making it into burner hearth, promote gasification result.
4. a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish according to claim 1, characterized in that describedly Curved baffle (11) are equipped between inside the burner hearth of ditch oil burner nozzle and the furnace body that gasifies, which is up big and down small tubular knot Structure, the vertical section of curved baffle are arc, and the trench oil burner nozzle sprays into gutter oil close to curved baffle upper end, to reducing zone, The temperature for improving reducing zone promotes the generation of combustible gas components.
5. a kind of gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas Change furnace body inlet be equipped with propeller set (9) so that material evenly dispersedly enter gasification furnace in, while the device with Motor (8) is connected, and can control the speed of material whereabouts.
6. the operation side of the gasification furnace cooperation-gasified for biomass and rubbish according to any one of claims 1-5 Method, characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) gasified raw material is sent into gasification furnace from feeding port after evenly mixing by feed screw, by the spiral shell of gasification furnace inlet Rotation paddle device falls into raw material in gasification furnace evenly dispersedly, the cracking zone of lower section is entered after dry section is dry, by urging Fuel gas, tar are generated after changing cracking；The gasified raw material includes that biomass, house refuse and main component are various metals oxygen The useless SCR catalyst of the power plant of compound；
(2) spray into gutter oil into furnace from the trench oil burner nozzle on reducing zone top, gutter oil arcuately baffle with zoneofoxidation One piece of material enters reduction district center and participates in reaction, improves the temperature of reaction zone；
(3) for solid residue after the reaction was completed into ash entrance chamber, the combustion gas of generation is introduced in the drying unsaturated zone of feed screw, Using the waste heat of combustion gas come dried biomass and house refuse raw material, and by being generated in aspiration pump extraction feed screw inside Vapor, gas outlet of the last combustion gas in dry unsaturated zone lower part lead to air accumulator and store.
CN201811621504.XA 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Gasification furnace for biomass and garbage cooperative gasification and operation method thereof Active CN109536208B (en)

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CN111578284A (en) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-25 扬州大学 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111578284A (en) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-25 扬州大学 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof
CN111578284B (en) * 2020-05-18 2022-04-15 扬州大学 Chain grate furnace for biomass and household garbage collaborative combustion and operation method thereof

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