CN111577783A - 离合器总成 - Google Patents

离合器总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111577783A
CN111577783A CN202010095926.9A CN202010095926A CN111577783A CN 111577783 A CN111577783 A CN 111577783A CN 202010095926 A CN202010095926 A CN 202010095926A CN 111577783 A CN111577783 A CN 111577783A
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input shaft
transmission input
mass
clutch assembly
secondary mass
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克里斯蒂安·丁格
克里斯蒂安·许格尔
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58—Details
    • F16D13/60—Clutching elements
    • F16D13/64—Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/13164—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses characterised by the supporting arrangement of the damper unit
    • F16F15/13171—Bearing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/133—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
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    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
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    • F16H—GEARING
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    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将内燃机的发动机轴(12)和/或电机的转子与至少一个变速器输入轴(37)联接的离合器总成，其设有：输入轴，尤其内燃机的发动机轴(12)，以导入内燃机中产生的扭矩；变速器输入轴(37)，以将扭矩导出到机动车变速器中；双质量飞轮(16)，以衰减扭振，其具有可与输入轴直接或间接连接的初级质量(62)和经由尤其构成为弧形弹簧的储能元件(64)可受限转动的次级质量(66)，次级质量(66)直接或间接地至少径向支承在变速器输入轴(37)上。通过离合器总成(13)的次级质量(66)支承在变速器输入轴(37)上，支承可在尤其小的直径上进行，使得能实现可低成本制造的混动模块(10)。

Description

离合器总成
技术领域
本发明涉及一种离合器总成，借助于所述离合器总成，尤其在混动模块之内，可以将内燃机和/或电机联接到机动车变速器上。
背景技术
从DE 10 2009 059 944 A1中已知一种用于机动车的动力传动系的混动模块，其中混动模块的一个湿式摩擦片离合器设置在内燃机和与混动模块同轴设置的电动机之间的力矩流中，而混动模块的另一湿式摩擦片离合器设置在动力传动系中的机动车变速器和电动机之间的力矩流中。在摩擦片离合器之间的力流方向上，将双质量飞轮和离心力摆联接用于扭振衰减。
存在降低用于混动模块的制造成本的持续需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是示出如下措施，所述措施能够实现可低成本地制造的混动模块。
根据本发明通过一种用于将内燃机的发动机轴和/或电机的转子与至少一个变速器输入轴联接的离合器总成来解决所述目的。本发明的优选的设计方案在下面的描述中给出，这可以分别单独地或以组合的方式示出本发明的方面。
根据本发明，设有离合器总成，用于将内燃机的发动机轴和/或电机的转子与至少一个变速器输入轴联接，所述离合器总成具有：输入轴，尤其内燃机的发动机轴，用于导入在内燃机中产生的扭矩；变速器输入轴，用于将扭矩导出到机动车变速器中；双质量飞轮，用于衰减扭振，其中双质量飞轮具有可与输入轴直接或间接连接的初级质量和经由尤其构成为弧形弹簧的储能元件可受限转动的次级质量，其中次级质量直接或间接地在输入变速器轴上至少径向地支承。
双质量飞轮的初级质量通常直接地或间接地与内燃机的发动机轴固定地连接，使得将发动机轴的轴向振动和径向振动传递到初级质量上。为了支撑通过发动机轴的振动导入到双质量飞轮中的力，可以安装次级质量。如果将双质量飞轮使用在尤其混动模块中的离合器总成中，存在至少一个变速器输入轴，所述变速器输入轴伸入到离合器总成中。所述变速器输入轴用于至少径向地、优选也轴向地支撑双质量飞轮的次级质量。在此利用如下知识，次级质量替代径向支承在初级质量上地，通过支承在变速器输入轴上可以在明显更小的直径上支承。优选地，变速器输入轴具有沿轴向方向从齿部区域突出的基本上柱形的轴端，在所述齿部区域中可以建立与离合器总成的离合器的输出侧的抗扭的连接。轴端可以具有尤其小的直径，所述直径尤其设计用于，仅能够以足够的可靠性承受由次级质量导入的可预期的负荷。在强度足够的情况下，轴端可以具有尽可能小的直径，使得在轴端和次级质量之间设置的轴承可以具有相应小的直径。轴承与结构类型相同的直径更大的轴承相比可以明显成本更适宜地制造。通过将离合器总成的次级质量支承在变速器输入轴上，支承可以在尤其小的直径上进行，使得能够实现可低成本地制造的混动模块。
在牵引运行中，可以将出自机动车发动机的扭矩导入到初级质量中，而在惯性运行中可以将出自动力传动系的扭矩引入到次级质量中，其中相反的构造也是可能的，其中在牵引运行中可以将出自机动车发动机的扭矩导入到次级质量中，而在惯性运行中可以将出自动力传动系的扭矩导入到初级质量中。初级质量和经由尤其构成为弧形弹簧的储能元件可受限转动地联接到初级质量上的次级质量可以构成质量弹簧系统，所述质量弹簧系统可以在特定的频域中衰减由机动车发动机产生的驱动功率的转速和扭矩的转动不均匀性。在此，初级质量和/或次级质量的惯性力矩以及储能元件的弹簧特征曲线可以选择为，使得在机动车发动机的占优的发动机布置的频域中的振动能够衰减。初级质量和/或次级质量的惯性力矩尤其可以通过安置的附加质量影响。初级质量可以具有盘，盖可以与所述盘连接，由此可以限制用于储能元件的基本上环形的容纳区域。初级质量例如可以经由突出到容纳区域中的压印部切向地止挡在储能元件上。次级质量的输出法兰可以伸入到容纳空间中，所述输出法兰可以切向地止挡在储能元件的相对置的端部上。
尤其地，设有用于扭振衰减的离心力摆，其中离心力摆具有围绕转动轴线可转动的承载法兰和至少一个在承载法兰上可摆动地引导的摆块，用于产生抵抗转动不均匀性定向的复位力矩，其中承载法兰具有借助次级质量固定的固定区域和从固定区域径向向内突出的盘体，其中为了支承次级质量，盘体直接或间接地至少径向地支承在变速器输入轴上。通过离心力摆，可以进一步地改进衰减能力。离心力摆的承载法兰可以明显地有助于次级质量的惯性力矩。次级质量可以与可在储能元件上止挡的输出法兰重合，使得否则由次级质量构成的径向向内伸展的盘体通过离心力摆的承载法兰构成。因为离心力摆的承载法兰构成否则由次级质量构成的盘体，构件数量可以保持得小并且制造和安装耗费降低，由此制造成本可以进一步地降低。次级质量由此间接地至少经由承载法兰的盘体在变速器输入轴上支承和支撑。
优选地，次级质量直接或间接地经由第一轴向轴承在输入轴上轴向地支承。这能够实现，出现在次级质量上的轴向力和径向力支撑在不同的构件上。例如，次级质量的全部径向力仅在变速器输入轴上支撑，并且次级质量的全部或一部分轴向力仅在输入轴上支撑。因为用于径向支撑次级质量的轴承仅支撑径向力并且基本上不支撑轴向力，所述轴承可以相应简单地和/或节省结构空间地构成，由此可以进一步地降低制造成本。
尤其优选地，在第一轴向轴承和输入轴之间和/或在第一轴向轴承和次级质量之间设有尤其构成为盘簧的弹簧元件，以补偿和/或衰减轴向振动。尤其持续预紧的弹簧元件可以按压第一轴向轴承，使得可以避免咔哒噪声。此外，弹簧元件可以经由其弹簧路径补偿轴向振动，使得通过弹簧元件可以中断或至少衰减轴向振动的传播。
尤其地，设有摩擦离合器，用于将与次级质量耦联的输入件与尤其经由插接齿部与变速器输入轴耦联的输出件联接，其中次级质量尤其从径向内部直接地或间接地在输出件上至少径向地支承。如果摩擦离合器构成为摩擦片离合器，那么输入件和输出件通过外摩擦片承载件或内摩擦片承载件构成。输出件尤其可以经由插接齿部抗扭地与变速器输入轴耦联。对此，输出件尤其可以具有弯曲的走向，以便能够包围离合器总成的从径向外部的摩擦离合器至径向内部的变速器输入轴的构造。通过输出件的弯曲的走向，在输出件中得出轴向伸展的子区域，所述子区域可以用作为尤其径向外部的用于轴承的容纳面，以径向支撑次级质量。由此，次级质量间接地经由摩擦离合器的输出件的径向内部的、尤其基本上毂形的子区域支撑在变速器输入轴上。变速器输入轴的用于容纳轴承的轴向突出的轴端由此可以省去。尤其地，次级质量必要时经由承载法兰的连接在中间的盘体径向向外支撑在摩擦离合器的输出件上，所述承载法兰设置用于离心力摆。
优选地，次级质量经由单独的第二轴向轴承直接地或间接地轴向支承在输出件上。同样地，在第二轴向轴承和次级质量之间和/或在第二轴向轴承和输出件之间可以设有尤其构成为盘簧的弹簧元件，用于补偿和/或衰减轴向振动。次级质量由此可以沿一个轴向方向在输入轴上和沿另一轴向方向在输出件上轴向支承和支撑。出现的轴向振动可以由此支撑和/或衰减。
尤其优选地，第一变速器输入轴和与第一变速器输入轴同轴设置且构成为空心轴的第二变速器输入轴设为用于将扭矩导出到机动车变速器中，其中次级质量绕过第二变速器输入轴直接地或间接地在第一变速器输入轴上至少径向地支承。径向内部的第二变速器输入轴与第一变速器输入轴相比具有较小的外直径，使得次级质量通过支撑在第二变速器输入轴上可以在尤其小的直径上低成本地支承和支撑。
尤其地，第一变速器输入轴在第二变速器输入轴之内在第二变速器输入轴上尤其经由滚针轴承支承和/或径向支撑。通过在第一变速器输入轴之内支承第二变速器输入轴，可以引起变速器输入轴的附加的径向固定，使得由次级质量导入的力可以相应好地支撑。
本发明还涉及一种用于将内燃机和电机联接到机动车变速器上的混动模块，所述混动模块具有离合器总成，所述离合器总成可以如上所述那样构成和改进，其中离合器总成具有：第一摩擦离合器，用于将内燃机与电机的转子联接；第二摩擦离合器，用于将电机的转子与第一变速器输入轴联接和/或第三摩擦离合器，用于将电机的转子与第二变速器输入轴联接。通过将离合器总成的次级质量支承在变速器输入轴上，支承可以在尤其小的直径上进行，从而能够实现可低成本制造的混动模块。
附图说明
下面本发明参照所附附图根据优选的实施例示例性地阐述，其中在下文中示出的特征可以分别单独地和以组合的方式示出本发明的方面。附图示出：
图1示出混动模块的第一实施方式的示意性剖视图，以及
图2示出混动模块的第二实施方式的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出的混动模块10可以在混合动力机动车的动力传动系中使用，以便将内燃机和电机与尤其构成为双离合器变速器的机动车变速器联接。对此，在内燃机中产生的扭矩可以经由尤其构成为内燃机的曲轴的发动机轴12导入到混动模块10的离合器总成13中。与对于离合器总成13用作为输入轴的发动机轴12固定有扭转减振器14，所述扭转减振器在示出的实施例中具有双质量飞轮16和在扭矩流中在次级侧连接在下游的离心力摆18。从扭转减振器14的离心力摆18起，出自内燃机的扭矩可以导入到也称作为“K0离合器”的第一摩擦离合器20中。第一摩擦离合器构成为借助油润滑和冷却的湿式摩擦片离合器，所述湿式摩擦片离合器经由与离心力摆18连接的第一外摩擦片承载件22可以将与壳体24连接的第一内摩擦片承载件26以摩擦配合的方式联接，以传递扭矩。可转动的壳体24借助齿轮28固定，经由所述齿轮，轴线平行地设置的电机的转子可以尤其经由正齿轮齿部联接。齿轮28可以支承在机动车变速器的固定的变速器壳体30上。
在示出的实施例中，第一摩擦离合器20的第一内摩擦片承载件26同时构成同样构成为湿式摩擦片离合器的第二摩擦离合器34的第二外摩擦片承载件32，所述第二摩擦离合器也称作为“K1离合器”。为第二摩擦离合器20的输出件的第二内摩擦片承载件36可以经由插接齿部抗扭地与机动车变速器的尤其构成为实心轴的第一变速器输入轴37耦联。在示出的实施例中，能够附加地与第一内摩擦片承载件26并且由此至少间接地也与壳体24和齿轮28固定有第三摩擦离合器的第三外摩擦片承载件38，所述第三摩擦离合器同样构成为湿式摩擦片离合器，所述第三摩擦离合器也称作为“K2离合器”。为第三摩擦离合器40的输出件的第三内摩擦片承载件42可以经由插接齿部抗扭地与机动车变速器的构成为空心轴的第二变速器输入轴43耦联，所述第二变速器输入轴与第一变速器输入轴37同轴地在第一变速器输入轴37的径向外部伸展。第一变速器输入轴37沿轴向方向从第二变速器输入轴43伸出。
为了操作第一摩擦离合器20，设有第一操作执行器44，所述第一操作执行器具有抵抗第一弹簧元件46的弹簧力可液压地轴向移动的第一压力罐48。第二摩擦离合器34可以由第二操作执行器50操作，所述第二操作执行器具有抵抗第二弹簧元件52的弹簧力可液压地轴向移动的第二压力罐54。相应地，第三摩擦离合器40可以由第三操作执行器56操作，所述第三操作执行器具有抵抗第三弹簧元件58的弹簧力可以液压地轴向移动的第三压力罐60。
双质量飞轮16具有与发动机轴12固定的初级质量62，所述初级质量沿切向方向可以止挡在构成为弧形弹簧的储能元件64的第一端部处。储能元件64的另一端部可以止挡在受限地相对于初级质量62可转动的、构成为输出法兰的次级质量66上。在次级质量66上联接离心力摆18。离心力摆18具有承载法兰68，所述承载法兰在示出的实施例中两件式地由第一法兰部分70和第二法兰部分72组成，所述第二法兰部分与第一法兰部分70例如经由间隔螺栓和/或铆接联接牢固地固定。在第一法兰部分70和第二法兰部分72之间设有摆块74，所述摆块可摆动地在承载法兰68上引导，其方式为：设有例如在第一法兰部分70和第二法兰部分72的弯曲的运行轨道中以及在摆块74的弯曲的摆动轨道中插入的滑轮。第一法兰部分70具有固定区域76，在所述固定区域中承载法兰68经由第一法兰部分72的固定区域76与次级质量66固定，尤其铆接。
承载法兰68的第一法兰部分70径向地在固定区域76之内继续延伸，并且构成盘体78。盘体78在其径向内部端部上具有毂形的端部区域，所述端部区域经由轴承80在第一变速器输入轴37的径向突出的轴端82上在尽可能小的直径上径向支撑和支承。由此，离心力摆18的承载法兰68和双质量飞轮16的次级质量66至少间接地在第一变速器输入轴37上径向支承。承载法兰68的盘体78经由第一轴向轴承84和构成为盘簧的弹簧元件86在发动机轴12上轴向地支承和支撑，其中借助于弹簧元件86可以补偿和/或衰减轴向错位，例如在轴向振动的情况下。在另一轴向方向上，承载法兰68的盘体78经由第二轴向轴承88在第二内摩擦片承载件36上支承和支撑，所述第二内摩擦片承载件又可以经由另一轴向轴承在第三内摩擦片承载件42上支承和支撑。
在混动模块10的在图2中示出的实施例中，与混动模块10的在图1中示出的实施例相比，省去第一变速器输入轴37的轴端52。承载法兰68的盘体78的径向内部的毂形的端部区域在此不在径向内部，而是在径向外部经由轴承80在第二内摩擦片承载件36上支承和支撑。
附图标记列表：
10 混动模块
12 发动机轴
13 离合器总成
14 扭转减振器
16 双质量飞轮
18 离心力摆
20 第一摩擦离合器
22 第一外摩擦片承载件
24 壳体
26 第一内摩擦片承载件
28 齿轮
30 变速器壳体
32 第二外摩擦片承载件
34 第二摩擦离合器
36 第二内摩擦片承载件
37 第一变速器输入轴
38 第三外摩擦片承载件
40 第三摩擦离合器
42 第三内摩擦片承载件
43 第二变速器输入轴
44 第一操作执行器
46 第一弹簧元件
48 第一压力罐
50 第二操作执行器
52 第二弹簧元件
54 第二压力罐
56 第三操作执行器
58 第三弹簧元件
60 第三压力罐
62 初级质量
64 储能元件
66 次级质量
68 承载法兰
70 第一法兰件
72 第二法兰件
74 摆块
76 固定区域
78 盘体
80 轴承
82 轴端
84 第一轴向轴承
86 弹簧元件
88 第二轴向轴承

Claims (9)

1.一种用于将内燃机的发动机轴(12)和/或电机的转子与至少一个变速器输入轴(37)联接的离合器总成，所述离合器总成具有：
输入轴，尤其所述内燃机的发动机轴(12)，用于导入在所述内燃机中产生的扭矩；
变速器输入轴(37)，用于将扭矩导出到机动车变速器中；
双质量飞轮(16)，用于衰减扭振，其中所述双质量飞轮(16)具有能与所述输入轴直接地或间接地连接的初级质量(62)和经由尤其构成为弧形弹簧的储能元件(64)能受限转动的次级质量(66)，
其中所述次级质量(66)直接地或间接地至少径向地支承在所述变速器输入轴(37)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
设有用于扭振衰减的离心力摆(18)，其中所述离心力摆(18)具有可围绕转动轴线转动的承载法兰(68)和至少一个在所述承载法兰(68)上可摆动地引导的摆块(74)，用于产生抵抗转动不均匀性定向的复位力矩，其中所述承载法兰(68)具有固定区域(76)和从所述固定区域(76)径向向内突出的盘体(78)，所述固定区域与所述次级质量(66)固定，其中所述盘体(78)为了支承所述次级质量(66)直接地或间接地至少径向地支承在所述变速器输入轴(37)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
所述次级质量(66)直接地或间接地经由第一轴向轴承(84)轴向地支承在所述输入轴(12)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
在所述第一轴向轴承(84)和所述输入轴(12)之间和/或在所述第一轴向轴承(84)和所述次级质量(66)之间设有尤其构成为盘簧的弹簧元件(86)，用于补偿和/或衰减轴向振动。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
设有摩擦离合器，用于将与所述次级质量(66)耦联的输入件与尤其经由插接齿部与所述变速器输入轴(37)耦联的输出件(36)联接，其中所述次级质量(66)尤其从径向内部直接地或间接地、至少径向地支承在所述输出件(37)上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
所述次级质量(66)经由单独的第二轴向轴承(88)直接地或间接地轴向地支承在所述输出件(36)上。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
设有第一变速器输入轴(37)和第二变速器输入轴(43)，用于将扭矩导出到所述机动车变速器中，所述第二变速器输入轴与所述第一变速器轴(37)同轴设置且构成为空心轴，其中所述次级质量(66)绕过所述第二变速器输入轴(43)直接地或间接地至少径向地支承在所述第一变速器输入轴(37)上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的离合器总成，
其特征在于，
所述第一变速器输入轴(37)在所述第二变速器输入轴(43)处在所述第二变速器输入轴(43)之内，尤其经由滚针轴承，支承和/或径向地支撑。
9.一种用于将内燃机和电机联接到机动车变速器上的混动模块，所述混动模块具有根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的离合器总成(13)，其中所述离合器总成(13)具有用于将内燃机与所述电机的转子联接的第一摩擦离合器(20)、用于将所述电机的转子与所述第一变速器输入轴(37)联接的第二摩擦离合器(34)和/或用于将所述电机的转子与第二变速器输入轴(43)联接的第三摩擦离合器(40)。
CN202010095926.9A 2019-02-19 2020-02-17 离合器总成 Pending CN111577783A (zh)

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