CN111577301B - Cutter head and engineering equipment - Google Patents

Cutter head and engineering equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111577301B
CN111577301B CN202010390654.5A CN202010390654A CN111577301B CN 111577301 B CN111577301 B CN 111577301B CN 202010390654 A CN202010390654 A CN 202010390654A CN 111577301 B CN111577301 B CN 111577301B
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China
Prior art keywords
barrel body
cutter
cavity
barrel
positioning
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CN202010390654.5A
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CN111577301A (en
Inventor
刘飞香
彭正阳
张帅坤
熊晨君
田金坤
范瑞强
王朝辉
谢蛟
陈谦
秦望兴
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China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
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China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010390654.5A priority Critical patent/CN111577301B/en
Publication of CN111577301A publication Critical patent/CN111577301A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a cutter head and engineering equipment, wherein the cutter head comprises: the device comprises a body, a spoke arm, a first barrel body, a second barrel body, a mounting seat and a cutter seat; the body is provided with a first cavity; the spoke arm is connected with the body and provided with a second cavity communicated with the first cavity; the first barrel body is embedded in the second cavity body and can rotate relative to the spoke arm; the second barrel body is embedded in the first barrel body and can slide relative to the first barrel body along the axial direction of the first barrel body; the mounting seat is connected with the second barrel body and is provided with a third cavity; the cutter seat is arranged in the third cavity and can slide relative to the mounting seat. According to the cutter head provided by the invention, an operator overhauls or replaces the cutter in the first cavity, so that the operator can overhaul or replace the cutter under normal pressure, and the damage to the human body caused by a high-pressure environment in an excavation bin is avoided.

Description

Cutter head and engineering equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering equipment, in particular to a cutter head and engineering equipment.
Background
At present, a balance shield machine mainly excavates clay, sandy soil and rocks on an excavation surface by means of a cutter arranged on a cutter head, and the cutter is an easily-worn part and needs to be replaced frequently in the shield construction process.
In the related art, in order to replace the cutter, an operator is required to enter the excavation chamber and replace the cutter in the high-pressure environment of the excavation chamber, but the cutter is replaced in the high-pressure excavation chamber, and the high-pressure environment is harmful to human health.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve at least one of the problems occurring in the prior art or the related art.
To this end, a first aspect of the invention proposes a tool disk.
A second aspect of the invention proposes an engineering plant.
In view of this, a first aspect of the present invention provides a cutter head, including: the device comprises a body, a spoke arm, a first barrel body, a second barrel body, a mounting seat and a cutter seat; the body is provided with a first cavity; the spoke arm is connected with the body and provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity; the first barrel body is embedded in the second cavity body and can rotate relative to the spoke arm; the second barrel body is embedded in the first barrel body and can slide relative to the first barrel body along the axial direction of the first barrel body; the mounting seat is connected with the second barrel body and is provided with a third cavity; the cutter seat is arranged in the third cavity and can slide relative to the mounting seat.
According to the cutter head provided by the invention, the first cavity is arranged on the body, the first cavity is isolated from the excavation bin, the cutter is arranged on the cutter seat, when the cutter needs to be overhauled or replaced, the first barrel body and the second barrel body rotate relative to the radial arm for a certain angle, then the second barrel body is pulled out from the first barrel body, the second barrel body enters the first cavity, and an operator overhauls or replaces the cutter in the first cavity, so that the operator can overhaul or replace the cutter under normal pressure, and the damage to the human body caused by the high-pressure environment in the excavation bin is avoided. After the cutter is overhauled or replaced, the second barrel body is pushed into the first barrel body, and the first barrel body and the second barrel body are rotated, so that the cutter seat is reset to complete the overhauling or replacing of the cutter.
The cutter can be replaced under normal pressure and comprises a front cutter, a scraper and a central fishtail cutter.
The normal pressure cutter replacement is fixedly connected on the cutter seat by adopting a screw group.
The cutter is replaced under normal pressure and comprises a hobbing cutter and a cutter.
The front cutter is positioned on the front side of the spoke arm and can be designed into a welding mode according to actual requirements.
The scrapers are positioned on the left side and the right side of the front surface of the spoke arm and are distributed on the spoke arm in two vertical rows.
The central fishtail knife is positioned in the center of the front surface of the spoke arm.
The mounting seat is also barrel-shaped.
In addition, the cutter head in the technical scheme provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
in one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly is sleeved on the first barrel body, and the outer wall of the bearing is matched with the spoke arm.
In this technical scheme, bearing assembly when realizing the support to first staving for first staving rotates in a flexible way, and bearing assembly can restrict first staving in the ascending displacement of axial, avoids when pulling out the second staving, and first staving is pulled out together.
The bearing assembly comprises two sliding bearings which are respectively sleeved at two ends of the first barrel body.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a sliding rail and a sliding chute, wherein the sliding rail is connected with the first barrel body, is positioned in the first barrel body and is arranged along the axial direction of the first barrel body; the sliding groove is connected with the second barrel body and is matched with the sliding rail.
In this technical scheme, the slide rail cooperatees with the spout for the second staving can slide on the axial relatively first staving, and make first staving and second staving rotate together, in order to ensure that operating personnel can overhaul or change the cutter under the ordinary pressure.
The cross section of the second barrel body is oval, rectangular or waist-shaped.
When the cross section of the second barrel body is oval, the length of the long axis of the oval is equal to the inner diameter of the first barrel body, and the sliding groove is arranged at the position of the short axis.
When the cross section of the second barrel body is rectangular, sliding grooves can be arranged on four sides of the second barrel body.
When the cross section of the second barrel body is waist-shaped, the plane can be provided with a sliding chute.
The sliding limiting block is welded at the bottom of the sliding groove and used for limiting the second barrel body in the axial direction when the second barrel body extends out.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a telescopic assembly, one end of the telescopic assembly is connected with the mounting seat, and the other end of the telescopic assembly is connected with the cutter seat.
In the technical scheme, during operation, the telescopic assembly supports a cutter seat, and a cutter on the cutter seat is ejected out of the radial arm; when the cutter needs to be overhauled or replaced, the telescopic assembly drives the cutter seat to move into the mounting seat, so that the first barrel body can rotate relative to the radial arm, and the second barrel body can slide relative to the first barrel body; when first staving and second staving rotate, avoid cutter and spoke arm to take place to interfere to and when the second staving slides relative first staving, avoid cutter and first staving to take place to interfere.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the telescopic assembly comprises a bottom plate and a first hydraulic cylinder; the bottom plate is connected with the mounting seat; the cylinder barrel of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the bottom plate, and the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the cutter seat.
In the technical scheme, the base plate is arranged on the mounting seat, and the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the base plate, so that the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder can drive the tool seat to slide relative to the mounting seat.
The bottom plate is installed on the installation seat through bolts.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a first limiting component, and the first limiting component is connected with the first barrel body and is positioned on the side of the mounting seat; be provided with first through-hole on the second staving, be provided with the second through-hole on the mount pad, first spacing part includes first locating pin, and first locating pin supports to lean on the tool holder after passing first through-hole and second through-hole.
In the technical scheme, during operation, the first positioning pin passes through the first through hole and the second through hole and then abuts against the cutter seat, so that the second barrel body and the cutter seat are prevented from displacing, and the cutter seat is positioned; when the cutter is overhauled or replaced, the first positioning pin retracts, so that various components can move relatively to realize the overhaul or replacement of the cutter.
The cutter seat can also be provided with a pin hole, so that the first positioning pin is inserted into the pin hole, and the accuracy of the position of the cutter seat can be ensured while the cutter seat is fixed.
The inner wall of the first barrel body is provided with an installation platform, a first limiting part is installed on the installation platform, and the first limiting part is an electric pin or an electromagnetic valve.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a second limiting component, and the second limiting component is connected with the first barrel and is positioned inside the first barrel; the sliding rail and the sliding groove are provided with pin holes, the second limiting component comprises a second positioning pin, and the second positioning pin is inserted into the pin holes.
In the technical scheme, during operation, the second positioning pin is inserted into the pin hole so as to position the second barrel body, prevent the second barrel body from sliding relative to the first barrel body and ensure the stability of the second barrel body during operation; when overhauing or changing the cutter, the second locating pin is extracted for the second staving can rotate first staving relatively, in order to realize the maintenance or the change to the cutter.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the spoke arm includes a first spoke arm and a second spoke arm, and the first spoke arm and the second spoke arm are alternately arranged around the first cavity.
In this technical scheme, first spoke arm and second spoke arm alternate the setting, and the cutter that the frequent maintenance or change need be maintained in first spoke arm mountable, and the cutter that frequent maintenance or change need not be maintained in the second spoke arm mountable, and then when avoiding adjacent cutter to overhaul simultaneously or change, the interference takes place for the second staving, guarantees to go on smoothly to the maintenance or the change of cutter.
The cutter head further comprises an annular reinforcing rib, and the first radial arm and the second radial arm are both arranged on the annular reinforcing rib.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a handle which is in a closed annular shape and is connected with the second barrel body.
In this technical scheme, the second staving is provided with the handle for operating personnel accessible handle rotates the second staving, and then drives first staving and rotate.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a motor, and the motor drives the first barrel to rotate.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a first positioning component and a second positioning component; the first positioning part is connected with the body and provided with a positioning groove; the second positioning part is L-shaped and is connected with the second barrel body, and the second positioning part is inserted into the positioning groove.
In this technical scheme, the second locating component of L shape is pegged graft in the constant head tank of first locating component, can restrict the degree of freedom of second staving rotation direction, also can restrict the axial degree of freedom of second staving, and then realizes the location to the second staving.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second positioning members is two, and the two positioning members are symmetrically disposed.
In this technical scheme, the second locating part is two, and during the operation, one of them second part cooperatees with first locating part, and when overhauing or changing the cutter, after second staving turned certain angle, another second locating part cooperateed with first locating part to the stability of second part when ensureing to overhaul or change the cutter.
The central angle between the two second positioning parts is more than or equal to 160 degrees and less than or equal to 175 degrees.
The first positioning component is in a shape of Chinese character 'tu'.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a third positioning pin, and the third positioning pin is inserted into the first positioning component and the second positioning component.
In this technical scheme, first locating component and second locating component can be fixed to the third locating pin, avoids first locating component and second locating component to separate because of the vibration of blade disc during operation.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the cutter head further comprises a connecting beam and a second hydraulic cylinder; two ends of the connecting beam are connected with the second barrel body; the cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with the body, and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is hung on the connecting beam.
In this technical scheme, when needs pull out the second staving, can articulate the piston of second pneumatic cylinder on the tie-beam, and then the piston motion to in the first cavity with the second staving pulling-in, and then make operating personnel can carry out the tool changing under the ordinary pressure.
The cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder can be fixed on the body, can also be fixed on the opposite side spoke arm and can be rotationally connected with the body or the opposite side spoke arm.
The connecting beam is dumbbell-shaped.
In one aspect of the present invention, the spoke arm is provided with a first opening; the first barrel body is provided with a second opening, and the second opening is arranged corresponding to the first opening; the mounting base is provided with a third opening, and the third opening faces the second opening.
In the technical scheme, the first opening, the second opening and the third opening are correspondingly arranged, and during operation, the cutter seat can penetrate through the first opening, the second opening and the third opening and then enter the outer side of the spoke arm; when the cutter is repaired or replaced, the cutter seat can be retracted into the mounting seat.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the mounting seat is obliquely arranged, and the third opening faces to the direction far away from the center of the body.
In the technical scheme, the mounting seat is obliquely arranged, so that the cutter extends outwards, the operation area of the cutter head is increased, and the excavation speed is increased.
A plurality of mounting seats can be arranged in a second barrel body of the cutter head, and one or two mounting seats on the outermost side are obliquely arranged.
The axis of mount pad is the angle of predetermineeing with the axis of body, predetermines angle more than or equal to 10 degrees, less than or equal to 45 degrees to when increase excavation area, ensure the intensity of cutter seat and first pneumatic cylinder.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the spoke arm is provided with a groove which is arranged along the circumferential direction of the first opening; the cutter head also comprises a sealing element which is embedded in the groove.
In this technical scheme, through setting up the sealing member, avoid excavating the high-pressure gas in the cabin and enter into in the first cavity by first opening, second opening and third opening, ensure that operating personnel can overhaul or change the cutter under the ordinary pressure.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an engineering plant, which includes the cutter head according to any one of the above technical solutions, so that the engineering plant has all the beneficial effects of the cutter head according to any one of the above technical solutions.
In one technical scheme of the invention, the engineering equipment is excavating equipment such as a shield machine and the like provided with a cutter head.
The step of replacing the tool comprises:
the first step is as follows: the first positioning pin retracts, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the cutter seat to retract.
The second step is that: and taking down the third positioning pin, rotating the first barrel body and the second barrel body, separating one second positioning part from the first positioning part, inserting the other second positioning part into the positioning groove of the first positioning part, and inserting the third positioning pin. At the moment, the first barrel rotates relative to the radial arm, the first opening is staggered with the second opening, the first opening is sealed, and high-pressure gas in an excavation cabin enters the first cavity along the second cavity when the cutter is replaced.
The third step: and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is hung on the connecting beam, the second positioning pin retracts, and the second barrel body is pulled out of the first barrel body, so that the second barrel body enters the first cavity.
The fourth step: according to the replacement sequence of the cutters, the first hydraulic cylinder is controlled to drive the cutter seat to sequentially extend out of the mounting seat, the cutter conveying assembly is started, the cutters needing to be overhauled/replaced are stably lifted, and then the cutters are lifted to the operation platform.
The fifth step: and hoisting the new tool which is overhauled or replaced to the tool base again, loosening the tool conveying assembly, and controlling the first hydraulic cylinder to drive the tool base to retract into the mounting base.
And a sixth step: and (5) executing the five steps in the reverse order, and resetting the cutter.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 shows a front view of a cutter head according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a rear view of the cutter head according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutter head according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a partial view of a cutter head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a front view of a spider according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a spoke arm according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a spoke arm according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 illustrates a front view of the first bucket body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates a side view of the first tub according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the first tub according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 illustrates a front view of a second tub body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a second bucket body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the second tub body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a mount and second bucket body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 illustrates a front view of a mount and second tub according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 illustrates a three-dimensional view of a first bucket body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional schematic view of a cutter head according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 18 shows a schematic view of the assembly of a first stop element and a second stop element according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 19 shows a schematic view of the assembly of a first stop element and a further second stop element according to one embodiment of the invention;
figure 20 shows a schematic view of the position of a first stop element and a second stop element according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 21 shows a schematic view of the position of a first stop element and a further second stop element according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 22 shows a schematic view of a groove in a spoke arm according to an embodiment of the invention;
figure 23 shows a schematic view of the cutterhead (first step of changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 24 shows a cross-sectional view of an impeller (first step in changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25 shows a schematic view of an impeller (second step of changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 26 shows a cross-sectional view of the cutter head (second step of changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 27 shows a schematic view of the cutterhead (third step of changing knives) in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 28 shows a cross-sectional view of the cutter head (third step of changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 29 shows a schematic view of the cutterhead (fifth step of changing cutters) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 30 shows a cross-sectional view of an impeller (a fifth step in changing cutters) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 31 shows a schematic view of the cutterhead (sixth step of changing cutters) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 32 shows a cross-sectional view of an impeller (sixth step of changing cutters) according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 32 is:
the hydraulic support comprises a spoke arm 1, a first spoke arm 12, a second spoke arm 14, a second cavity 16, a first opening 18, a groove 19, a body 2, a first cavity 22, a first positioning part 24, a second positioning part 26, a third positioning pin 28, a first barrel body 3, a sliding rail 32, a second opening 34, a first limiting part 36, a second limiting part 38, a second barrel body 4, a sliding chute 42, a handle 44, a mounting seat 5, a third opening 52, a telescopic component 54, a bottom plate 542, a first hydraulic cylinder 544, a tool seat 6 and a second hydraulic cylinder 7.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, is set forth below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The cutterhead and the working machine according to some embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-32.
In an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a cutter head comprising: the device comprises a body 2, a spoke arm 1, a first barrel body 3, a second barrel body 4, a mounting seat 5 and a cutter seat 6; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the body 2 is provided with a first cavity 22; as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the spoke arm 1 is connected with the body 2, the spoke arm 1 is provided with a second cavity 16, and the second cavity 16 is communicated with the first cavity 22; as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the first barrel 3 is embedded in the second cavity 16 and can rotate relative to the spoke arm 1; as shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, the second barrel 4 is embedded in the first barrel 3 and can slide along the axial direction of the first barrel 3 relative to the first barrel 3; as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the mounting seat 5 is connected to the second tub 4, and the mounting seat 5 is provided with a third cavity; the cutter seat 6 is arranged in the third cavity and can slide relative to the mounting seat 5.
According to the cutter head provided by the invention, the first cavity 22 is arranged on the body 2, the first cavity 22 is isolated from an excavation bin, the cutter is arranged on the cutter seat 6, when the cutter needs to be overhauled or replaced, the first barrel body 3 and the second barrel body 4 rotate for a certain angle relative to the spoke arm 1, then the second barrel body 4 is pulled out from the first barrel body 3, the second barrel body 4 enters the first cavity 22, an operator overhauls or replaces the cutter in the first cavity 22, the operator can further overhaul or replace the cutter under normal pressure, and the damage to the human body caused by the high-pressure environment in the excavation bin is avoided. After the maintenance or replacement of the cutter is completed, the second barrel body 4 is pushed into the first barrel body 3, and the first barrel body 3 and the second barrel body 4 are rotated, so that the cutter seat 6 is reset to complete the maintenance or replacement of the cutter.
The cutter can be replaced under normal pressure and comprises a front cutter, a scraper and a central fishtail cutter.
The normal pressure cutter replacement is fixedly connected on the cutter seat 6 by adopting a screw group.
The cutter is replaced under normal pressure and comprises a hob and a cutter.
The front cutter is positioned on the front side of the spoke arm 1 and can be designed into a welding type according to actual requirements.
The scrapers are positioned on the left and right sides of the front surface of the spoke arm 1 and are distributed on the spoke arm 1 in two vertical rows.
The central fishtail knife is positioned in the center of the front surface of the spoke arm 1.
The mounting 5 is also barrel-shaped.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head further includes a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly is sleeved on the first barrel 3, and the outer wall of the bearing is matched with the spoke arm 1.
In this embodiment, the bearing assembly supports the first barrel 3 while allowing the first barrel 3 to rotate flexibly, and the bearing assembly can limit the displacement of the first barrel 3 in the axial direction, so as to prevent the first barrel 3 from being pulled out together when the second barrel 4 is pulled out.
The bearing assembly includes two sliding bearings, and the two sliding bearings are respectively sleeved at two ends of the first barrel 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10 and 16, the cutter head further includes a slide rail 32 and a slide groove 42, the slide rail 32 is connected with the first barrel 3, is located in the first barrel 3, and is arranged along the axial direction of the first barrel 3; the sliding groove 42 is connected to the second barrel 4 and is adapted to the sliding rail 32.
In this embodiment, the sliding rail 32 cooperates with the sliding groove 42, so that the second barrel 4 can slide in the axial direction relative to the first barrel 3, and so that the first barrel 3 and the second barrel 4 can rotate together, to ensure that the operator can repair or replace the tool at normal pressure.
The cross section of the second tub 4 is elliptical, rectangular or kidney-shaped.
When the cross section of the second barrel body 4 is oval, the length of the long axis of the oval is equal to the inner diameter of the first barrel body 3, and the sliding groove 42 is arranged at the position of the short axis.
When the cross section of the second barrel body 4 is rectangular, sliding grooves 42 can be arranged on four sides.
As shown in FIG. 13, when the second tub 4 has a kidney-shaped cross-section, the sliding groove 42 may be installed on a flat surface.
The sliding limiting block is welded at the bottom of the sliding groove 42 and is used for limiting the second barrel body 4 along the axial direction when the second barrel body 4 extends out.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 17, the cutterhead further includes a telescoping assembly 54, one end of the telescoping assembly 54 being connected to the mounting base 5 and the other end being connected to the cutter base 6.
In this embodiment, in operation, the telescoping assembly 54 supports the tool holder 6, the tools on the tool holder 6 ejecting the spider 1; when the tool needs to be repaired or replaced, the telescopic assembly 54 drives the tool base 6 to move into the mounting base 5, so that the first barrel body 3 can rotate relative to the spoke arm 1, and the second barrel body 4 can slide relative to the first barrel body 3; when first staving 3 and second staving 4 rotated, avoided cutter and spoke arm 1 to take place to interfere to and when second staving 4 slided relative first staving 3, avoided cutter and first staving 3 to take place to interfere.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 17, the telescoping assembly 54 includes a base plate 542 and a first hydraulic cylinder 544; the bottom plate 542 is connected with the mounting base 5; the cylinder of the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is connected to the base plate 542 and the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is connected to the tool holder 6.
In this embodiment, the base plate 542 is mounted to the mounting base 5, and the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is mounted to the base plate 542 such that the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder 544 can drive the tool holder 6 to slide relative to the mounting base 5.
The bottom plate 542 is mounted on the mount base 5 by bolts.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 17, the cutter head further includes a first limiting component 36, and the first limiting component 36 is connected with the first barrel 3 and is located on the side of the mounting seat 5; be provided with first through-hole on the second staving 4, be provided with the second through-hole on the mount pad 5, first stop part 36 includes first locating pin, and first locating pin supports after passing first through-hole and second through-hole and leans on cutter seat 6.
In this embodiment, during operation, the first positioning pin passes through the first through hole and the second through hole and then abuts against the tool seat 6, so as to prevent the second barrel body 4 and the tool seat 6 from displacing, and position the tool seat 6; when the cutter is overhauled or replaced, the first positioning pin retracts, so that various components can move relatively to realize the overhaul or replacement of the cutter.
The tool base 6 can also be provided with a pin hole, so that the first positioning pin is inserted into the pin hole, and the accuracy of the position of the tool base 6 can be ensured while the tool base 6 is fixed.
The inner wall of the first barrel body 3 is provided with a mounting table, the first limiting part 36 is mounted on the mounting table, and the first limiting part 36 is an electric pin or an electromagnetic valve.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 17, the cutter head further includes a second limiting member 38, and the second limiting member 38 is connected with the first barrel 3 and is located inside the first barrel 3; the slide rail 32 and the slide groove 42 are provided with pin holes, and the second stopper member 38 includes second positioning pins inserted into the pin holes.
In this embodiment, during operation, the second positioning pin is inserted into the pin hole to position the second barrel body 4, so as to prevent the second barrel body 4 from sliding relative to the first barrel body 3 and ensure the stability of the second barrel body 4 during operation; when overhauing or changing the cutter, the second locating pin is extracted for second staving 4 can rotate 3 relative first staving, in order to realize the maintenance or the change to the cutter.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1, a spoke 1 includes first and second spokes 12, 14, the first and second spokes 12, 14 being alternately arranged around a first cavity 22.
In this embodiment, the first spoke arms 12 and the second spoke arms 14 are alternately arranged, the first spoke arms 12 can be provided with tools which need to be frequently overhauled or replaced, the second spoke arms 14 can be provided with tools which do not need to be frequently overhauled or replaced, and therefore when adjacent tools are overhauled or replaced at the same time, the second barrel body 4 is prevented from interfering, and the tools can be overhauled or replaced smoothly.
The cutter head further comprises an annular reinforcing rib, and the first spoke arm 12 and the second spoke arm 14 are arranged on the annular reinforcing rib.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the cutter head further comprises a handle 44, and the handle 44 is in a closed ring shape and is connected with the second barrel body 4.
In this embodiment, the second barrel 4 is provided with a handle 44, so that an operator can rotate the second barrel 4 through the handle 44 to drive the first barrel 3 to rotate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head further comprises a motor, and the motor drives the first barrel 3 to rotate.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 18 to 21, the cutterhead further includes first and second positioning members 24 and 26; the first positioning part 24 is connected with the body 2, and the first positioning part 24 is provided with a positioning groove; the second positioning member 26 is L-shaped and connected to the second barrel 4, and the second positioning member 26 is inserted into the positioning groove.
In this embodiment, the L-shaped second positioning component 26 is inserted into the positioning groove of the first positioning component 24, so as to limit the degree of freedom in the rotation direction of the second barrel 4, and also limit the degree of freedom in the axial direction of the second barrel 4, thereby positioning the second barrel 4.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second positioning members 26 is two, and the two positioning members are symmetrically disposed.
In this embodiment, the number of the second positioning parts 26 is two, and in operation, as shown in fig. 18 and 20, one of the second parts is engaged with the first positioning part 24, and in the case of repairing or replacing the cutter, as shown in fig. 19 and 21, after the second barrel 4 is rotated by a certain angle, the other second positioning part 26 is engaged with the first positioning part 24 to ensure the stability of the second part in the case of repairing or replacing the cutter.
The central angle between the two second positioning members 26 is 160 degrees or more and 175 degrees or less.
As shown in fig. 18 and 19, the first positioning member 24 has a shape of a letter of earth.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the cutter head further includes a third positioning pin 28, and the third positioning pin 28 is inserted into the first positioning member 24 and the second positioning member 26.
In this embodiment, the third positioning pin 28 secures the first and second positioning members 24, 26 to prevent the first and second positioning members 24, 26 from separating due to vibration of the cutterhead during operation.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cutter head further comprises a connecting beam and a second hydraulic cylinder 7; two ends of the connecting beam are connected with the second barrel body 4; the cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected with the body 2, and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is hung on the connecting beam.
In this embodiment, when the second barrel 4 needs to be pulled out, the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 can be hung on the connecting beam, and then the piston moves to pull the second barrel 4 into the first cavity 22, so that an operator can change the tool under normal pressure.
The cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 can be fixed on the body 2, can also be fixed on the opposite side of the spoke arm 1, and can be connected with the body 2 or the opposite side of the spoke arm 1 in a rotating mode.
The connecting beam is dumbbell-shaped.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, the spoke arm 1 is provided with a first opening 18; as shown in fig. 22, the first tub 3 is provided with a second opening 34, the second opening 34 being provided corresponding to the first opening 18; as shown in fig. 14, the mount 5 is provided with a third opening 52, and the third opening 52 faces the second opening 34.
In this embodiment, the first opening 18, the second opening 34 and the third opening 52 are correspondingly arranged, and during operation, the tool holder 6 can pass through the first opening 18, the second opening 34 and the third opening 52 and then enter the outer side of the spoke arm 1; the tool holder 6 can be retracted into the mounting 5 for servicing or changing tools.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the mounting seat 5 is disposed obliquely, and the third opening 52 faces away from the center of the body 2.
In this embodiment, the mounting seat 5 is obliquely arranged, so that the cutter extends outwards, the working area of the cutterhead is increased, and the excavation rate is increased.
A plurality of installation seats 5 can be arranged in one second barrel body 4 of the cutter head, and one or two installation seats 5 at the outermost side are obliquely arranged.
The axis of the mounting seat 5 and the axis of the body 2 form a preset angle, the preset angle is greater than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees, so that the strength of the tool seat 6 and the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is ensured while the excavation area is increased.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 22, the inner wall of the spoke arm 1 is provided with a groove 19, and the groove 19 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the first opening 18; the cutter head also comprises a sealing element which is embedded in the groove 19.
In this embodiment, by providing the sealing member, the high-pressure gas in the excavation chamber is prevented from entering the first cavity 22 through the first opening 18, the second opening 34 and the third opening 52, so that the operator can repair or replace the tool under normal pressure.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a piece of engineering equipment, which comprises a cutterhead according to any one of the above embodiments, so that the engineering equipment has all the advantages of the cutterhead according to any one of the above embodiments.
In one embodiment of the invention, the engineering equipment is excavating equipment such as a shield machine provided with a cutter head.
The step of replacing the tool comprises:
as shown in fig. 23 and 24, the first step: the first locating pin is retracted and the first hydraulic cylinder 544 drives the tool holder 6 to retract.
As shown in fig. 25 and 26, the second step: the third positioning pin 28 is removed, the first barrel body 3 and the second barrel body 4 are rotated, one second positioning member 26 is separated from the first positioning member 24, and the other second positioning member 26 is inserted into the positioning groove of the first positioning member 24 and the third positioning pin 28 is inserted. At the moment, the first barrel 3 rotates relative to the spoke arm 1, the first opening 18 and the second opening 34 are staggered, the first opening 18 is sealed, and high-pressure gas in an excavation cabin is prevented from entering the first cavity 22 along the second cavity 16 during tool changing.
As shown in fig. 27 and 28, the third step: the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is hung on the connecting beam, the second positioning pin retracts, and the second barrel body 4 is pulled out of the first barrel body 3, so that the second barrel body 4 enters the first cavity 22.
The fourth step: according to the replacement sequence of the cutters, the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is controlled to drive the cutter seat 6 to sequentially extend out of the mounting seat 5, the cutter conveying assembly is started, the cutters needing to be overhauled/replaced are stably conveyed, and then the cutters are conveyed to the operation platform.
As shown in fig. 29 and 30, the fifth step: and a new tool which is repaired or replaced is hoisted to the tool base 6 again, the tool transporting assembly is loosened, and the first hydraulic cylinder 544 is controlled to drive the tool base 6 to retract into the mounting seat 5.
As shown in fig. 31 and 32, the sixth step: and (5) executing the five steps in the reverse order, and resetting the cutter.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected", "mounted", "fixed", and the like are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The cutter head is characterized by being used for engineering equipment, wherein the engineering equipment comprises an excavation bin;
wherein, the blade disc includes:
the body is provided with a first cavity;
the spoke arm is connected with the body and provided with a second cavity which is communicated with the first cavity;
the first barrel body is embedded in the second cavity and can rotate relative to the spoke arm;
the second barrel body is embedded in the first barrel body and can slide along the axial direction of the first barrel body relative to the first barrel body;
the mounting seat is connected with the second barrel body and is provided with a third cavity;
the cutter seat is arranged in the third cavity and can slide relative to the mounting seat;
the bearing assembly is sleeved on the first barrel body, and the outer wall of the bearing is matched with the spoke arm;
the radial arms comprise a first radial arm and a second radial arm, the first radial arm and the second radial arm are arranged around the first cavity in an alternating mode, the first radial arm is used for mounting cutters which need frequent maintenance or replacement, and the second radial arm is used for mounting cutters which do not need frequent maintenance or replacement;
the first cavity is isolated from the excavation bin, the cutter is mounted on the cutter seat, when the cutter needs to be overhauled or replaced, the first barrel body and the second barrel body rotate for a certain angle relative to the spoke arm, then the second barrel body is pulled out from the first barrel body, the second barrel body enters the first cavity, and the cutter is overhauled or replaced in the first cavity;
the cutter head further comprises an annular reinforcing rib, and the first radial arm and the second radial arm are both arranged on the annular reinforcing rib;
the sliding rail is connected with the first barrel body, is positioned in the first barrel body and is arranged along the axial direction of the first barrel body;
the sliding groove is connected with the second barrel body and is matched with the sliding rail;
the first limiting component is connected with the first barrel body and is positioned on the side of the mounting seat;
the second barrel body is provided with a first through hole, the mounting seat is provided with a second through hole, the first limiting part comprises a first positioning pin, and the first positioning pin passes through the first through hole and the second through hole and then abuts against the cutter seat;
the second limiting part is connected with the first barrel body and is positioned in the first barrel body;
pin holes are formed in the sliding rail and the sliding groove, the second limiting component comprises a second positioning pin, and the second positioning pin is inserted into the pin holes;
one end of the telescopic assembly is connected with the mounting base, and the other end of the telescopic assembly is connected with the cutter base;
the telescoping assembly comprises:
the bottom plate is connected with the mounting seat;
a cylinder barrel of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the bottom plate, and a piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the cutter seat;
the first positioning part is connected with the body and provided with a positioning groove;
the second positioning part is L-shaped and is connected with the second barrel body, and the second positioning part is inserted into the positioning groove;
the number of the second positioning parts is two, and the two positioning parts are symmetrically arranged;
and the third positioning pin is inserted and connected to the first positioning part and the second positioning part.
2. The cutter head of claim 1, further comprising:
and the handle is in a closed ring shape and is connected with the second barrel body.
3. The cutter head of claim 1, further comprising:
the two ends of the connecting beam are connected with the second barrel body;
and a cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with the body, and a piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is hung on the connecting beam.
4. The cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the spoke arm is provided with a first opening;
the first barrel body is provided with a second opening, and the second opening is arranged corresponding to the first opening;
the mounting base is provided with a third opening, and the third opening faces the second opening.
5. The cutter head of claim 4 wherein,
the mounting seat is obliquely arranged, and the third opening faces to the direction far away from the center of the body.
6. The cutter head of claim 5 wherein,
grooves are formed in the inner wall of the spoke arm and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first opening;
the cutter disc further comprises a sealing element, and the sealing element is embedded in the groove.
7. An engineering plant, characterized in that it comprises a cutterhead according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202010390654.5A 2020-05-11 2020-05-11 Cutter head and engineering equipment Active CN111577301B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113374493B (en) * 2021-07-15 2023-11-24 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 Push bench cutterhead structure, push bench and tool bit winding foreign matter removal method
CN114352298A (en) * 2022-01-10 2022-04-15 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3281346B2 (en) * 1999-11-17 2002-05-13 嘉司 松本 Cutter bit changing device in shield machine
JP3785030B2 (en) * 2000-08-04 2006-06-14 三菱重工業株式会社 Tunnel excavator
JP3901438B2 (en) * 2000-09-18 2007-04-04 日立造船株式会社 Shield machine
CN205382939U (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-07-13 中交天和机械设备制造有限公司 Removable formula hobbing cutter device of ordinary pressure
CN206111193U (en) * 2016-11-03 2017-04-19 中交天和机械设备制造有限公司 Valve formula ordinary pressure trades cutter device
CN110259469B (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-04 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 Shield machine and shield machine cutter head thereof
CN110130913B (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-08-25 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 Shield tunneling machine cutter head, shield tunneling machine and pile passing shield construction method for tunnel tunneling

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