CN114352298A - Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine - Google Patents
Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114352298A CN114352298A CN202210020390.3A CN202210020390A CN114352298A CN 114352298 A CN114352298 A CN 114352298A CN 202210020390 A CN202210020390 A CN 202210020390A CN 114352298 A CN114352298 A CN 114352298A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a normal-pressure tool changing cutter head, a shield tunneling machine and a tool changing method thereof, and solves the problems that a normal-pressure tool changing device in the prior art is low in tool changing efficiency and easy to damage in sealing. The normal-pressure tool changing cutter disc comprises a cutter disc body, wherein a sealed cutter chamber is arranged in the cutter disc body, a cutter cylinder assembly is arranged in the sealed cutter chamber in a sliding mode, a driving mechanism capable of driving a cutter holder to move is arranged in the cutter cylinder assembly, a cutter is detachably arranged on the cutter holder, and the cutter extends out through a through hole formed in the working surface of the cutter disc body; and a sealing structure is arranged between the knife cylinder assembly and the working surface of the sealing knife chamber. The normal-pressure tool changing device adopts an innovative sliding mode to switch between the working hole and the dismounting hole, the switching between the working mode and the tool changing mode is completed, the wing plates move synchronously along with the tool cylinder assembly, the working hole is plugged when the tool cylinder assembly leaves the working hole, the function of a gate is realized, a sealed tool chamber can be ensured not to be contacted with external slurry, the possibility of sealing damage is reduced, and the plugging mode is novel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling, in particular to a normal-pressure tool changing cutter head, a shield tunneling machine and a tool changing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of domestic traffic infrastructure construction, shield construction is increasingly applied to underground engineering construction of urban subways, river-crossing tunnels, oil transportation underground pipelines and the like due to the characteristics of safety, rapidness and high efficiency. In river crossing engineering, a slurry shield is generally selected due to the fact that a tunnel is large in buried depth, strong in stratum water permeability and high in water pressure. As the river bottom, the river bottom and the sea bottom are mostly sandy gravel layers formed by flood erosion and interbedded layers with uneven hardness, the cutter used as the shield machine for bearing the tunneling function is quickly abraded, and the cutter needs to be frequently checked, maintained and replaced in the construction engineering.
The existing traditional tunneling machine with normal-pressure tool changing functions is provided with a knife gate valve to block the face pressure, so that normal-pressure tool changing is realized. The invention has the following patent: CN105736005B discloses a normal pressure tool changing device, realizes the sealed front and back of blade disc through the gate, accomplishes the normal pressure tool changing operation. However, when the hobbing cutter was changed, the closed in-process of opening of gate has mud to gush into, and the gate is sealed can receive mud, the grit damage of gushing into, makes the gate sealed receive destruction, appears the gate and closes not tight problem, leads to a larger amount of mud to gush into, causes the problem of pressurize inefficacy, and the cutter change need with the whole change of taking out of a sword section of thick bamboo just can accomplish the change, again because sword section of thick bamboo weight is heavier, cause to lift by crane that the load is big, the dangerous degree is high, the manual work position is limited, the tool changing is inefficient. And because the existing normal pressure tool changer adopts structures such as a knife gate valve, the manufacturing cost of the existing normal pressure tool changer is higher.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a new normal pressure tool changer, which uses a new plugging form to replace the sealing structure of the knife gate valve, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost, reducing the working time and improving the operation safety.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a normal-pressure tool changing cutter head, a shield machine and a tool changing method thereof, and solves the problem that the tool changing efficiency of the normal-pressure tool changing cutter head in the prior art is low.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a normal-pressure tool changing cutter head comprises a cutter head body, wherein a sealed cutter chamber is arranged in the cutter head body, at least one cutter barrel assembly is arranged in the sealed cutter chamber in a sliding mode, a driving mechanism capable of driving a cutter holder to move is arranged in the cutter barrel assembly, a cutter is detachably arranged on the cutter holder, and the cutter extends out through a through hole formed in the working face of the cutter head body; and a sealing structure is arranged between the knife cylinder assembly and the working surface of the sealing knife chamber.
Furthermore, the sealed cutter chamber is a rectangular sealed cutter chamber formed by a front panel and a rear shell of the cutter head body; and a cutter detection device and a high-pressure flushing device are arranged on the cutter holder or in the cutter barrel assembly. The sealing structure comprises a sealing ring groove arranged at the back of the front panel, a sealing strip is arranged in the sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring groove and the through hole arranged on the working surface of the cutter head body are arranged in the same circle center.
Furthermore, the front end face of the sealed cutter chamber is provided with a working hole, the rear end face of the sealed cutter chamber is provided with a dismounting hole, and the working hole and the dismounting hole are arranged in a staggered manner; the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly is provided with a wing plate, and the knife cylinder assembly is correspondingly matched with the working hole in a working state; under the tool changing state, the tool cylinder assembly is correspondingly matched with the dismounting hole, and the wing plate blocks the working hole. The number of the working holes formed in the front end face of the sealed knife chamber corresponds to the number of the knife cylinder assemblies one by one, and the number of the working holes is not less than the number of the dismounting holes.
Furthermore, a limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly and matched with a clamping groove formed in the inner wall of the sealed knife chamber, and a first oil cylinder is connected between the knife cylinder assembly and the sealed knife chamber. The limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the cutter cylinder assemblies from top to bottom, and one cutter cylinder assembly is connected with two first oil cylinders from top to bottom; the outer wall of the sealed knife chamber is provided with a first positioning hole, the knife cylinder assembly is provided with a first screw hole, and the first screw hole corresponds to the first positioning hole and is connected with the first positioning hole through a fixing bolt.
Further, a knife cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder body, a knife seat is arranged at the front part in the cylinder body and is fixed through a knife seat end cover, and a driving mechanism is arranged at the rear part in the cylinder body and is detachably connected with the knife seat end cover. The spray head of the high-pressure flushing device is arranged on the end cover of the cutter holder and corresponds to the cutter. The cutter detection device comprises a rotation detection device and an abrasion detection device, the rotation detection device is fixed on the end cover of the cutter holder and corresponds to the cutter, and the abrasion detection device is fixed on the cutter holder and corresponds to the cutter; the tool apron end cover is provided with a second screw hole, the barrel is provided with a second positioning hole, and the second screw hole corresponds to the second positioning hole and is connected with the second positioning hole through a fixing bolt.
The driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder, one end of the second oil cylinder is connected with the cutter holder end cover, the other end of the second oil cylinder is connected to the cutter barrel end cover, and the cutter barrel end cover is detachably connected with the barrel. A sealing plate for sealing and blocking the second oil cylinder is detachably arranged on the end cover of the knife cylinder, and the central axis of the second oil cylinder is superposed with the central axis of the cylinder body; and a sealing element is arranged between the cutter holder and the sealing cutter chamber.
The utility model provides a shield constructs machine, include hobbing cutter clamping jaw, main drive and the blade disc, the main drive is connected with the blade disc, provides blade disc pivoted power, is connected with central rotary joint on the main drive, the hobbing cutter clamping jaw cooperatees with the cutter on the blade disc.
A tool changing method of the shield tunneling machine comprises the following steps:
s1: the cutter detection device detects the cutter state on line, and when the cutter is abnormal, the cutter stops rotating;
s2: the cutter on the cutter cylinder assembly is retracted into the cutter cylinder assembly under the action of a second oil cylinder of the driving mechanism;
s3: removing a connecting piece between the sealed knife room and the knife cylinder assembly, and moving the knife cylinder assembly along the sealed knife room by the first oil cylinder to move the knife cylinder assembly from the working hole to the dismounting hole;
s4: sequentially removing a knife cylinder end cover and a knife seat end cover at the rear end of the knife cylinder assembly;
s5: the cutter on the cutter base is dismantled by utilizing the hob clamping jaw, and a new cutter is replaced;
s6: an upper tool apron end cover and a tool cylinder end cover are sequentially arranged;
s6: the first oil cylinder pushes the cutter cylinder assembly to move along the sealed cutter chamber, the cutter cylinder assembly is pushed to the working hole from the dismounting hole, the cutter cylinder assembly is ensured to be positioned at the limit position, and then the cutter cylinder assembly is fixed;
s7: and the cutter on the cutter cylinder assembly extends out of the sealed cutter chamber forwards under the action of a second oil cylinder of the driving mechanism to complete cutter changing work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the tool cylinder assembly and the sealing tool room, the mechanical sealing and elastic sealing are adopted, the sealing is more solid, and the problem that the existing tool changing device is susceptible to mud to cause that a gate is not tightly closed is solved; this application adopts translation formula ordinary pressure tool changing dress to have solved current ordinary pressure tool changing and need remove the whole taking out of a knife section of thick bamboo, needs the whole thickness of blade disc problem more than 2 times of a knife section of thick bamboo, makes ordinary pressure tool changing blade disc overall structure compact, saves space. The oil cylinder of the cutter cylinder assembly is internally arranged and assembled by adopting the back-mounted hob, the whole cutter cylinder does not need to be drawn out, the oil cylinder does not need to be detached, the hob can be replaced at any position of the cutter disc, and the cutter changing efficiency is improved. The normal-pressure tool changing cutter head adopts an innovative sliding mode to switch between the working hole and the dismounting hole, the switching between the working mode and the tool changing mode is completed, the wing plate moves synchronously along with the cutter cylinder assembly, the working hole is plugged when the cutter cylinder assembly leaves the working hole, the function of a gate is realized, the structure is simple, the convenience and the practicability are realized, the sealing performance of the working hole during tool changing is improved, the influence of slurry is avoided, and the plugging mode is novel and efficient. By the tool changing method, the tool can be quickly and efficiently replaced, shield construction efficiency and tool changing safety are further improved, and the method is a great innovation for tunnel construction.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a cutter head of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a shield tunneling machine in example 5.
Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a normal pressure tool changing cutter head.
Fig. 4 is a partial front view of a normal pressure tool changing cutter head.
Fig. 5 is a view from a-a in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 5 at I.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the sealing cutter chamber of the normal pressure cutter changing cutter head.
Fig. 8 is a partial rear view of a normal pressure tool changing cutter head.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cutter cylinder assembly in embodiment 2.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a hob chuck jaw.
FIG. 11 is a tool change schematic.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in embodiment 1, a cutter head for changing a cutter under normal pressure includes a cutter head body 2, a sealed cutter chamber 101 is provided in the cutter head body 2, a cutter cylinder assembly 102 is slidably provided in the sealed cutter chamber 101, and the cutter cylinder assembly can integrally move along the sealed cutter chamber under the action of a driving member to change the position of the cutter cylinder assembly in the sealed cutter chamber. In this embodiment, the cutter head body can be a spoke cutter head, and the seal cutter chamber 101 is arranged on the corresponding spoke beam as required. This application adopts translation formula ordinary pressure tool changing device to have solved current ordinary pressure tool changing device and need remove the whole taking out of a sword section of thick bamboo, needs the whole thickness of blade disc problem more than 2 times of a sword section of thick bamboo, makes ordinary pressure tool changing device overall structure compact, saves space. The knife cylinder assembly 102 is internally provided with a driving mechanism which can drive the knife holder 103 to move, the knife holder is positioned at the working end of the knife cylinder assembly, and the driving mechanism is positioned at the rear end of the knife cylinder assembly. The tool post 103 is detachably provided with a tool 104, in this embodiment, a hob is used as required. The cutter 104 extends outwards through a through hole arranged on the working surface of the cutter head body 2; a sealing structure is arranged between the knife cylinder assembly 102 and the working surface of the sealed knife chamber 101, and the sealing performance between the knife cylinder assembly 102 and the sealed knife chamber 101 is always kept in the sliding process of the knife cylinder assembly 102.
A cutter detection device and a high-pressure flushing device are arranged on the cutter holder 103 or in the cutter barrel assembly 102, the cutter detection device is used for monitoring the rotation state and the abrasion state of the cutter, and the cutter detection device transmits the detected information to the background controller to monitor the cutter in real time. The spray head 106 of the high-pressure washing device is arranged on the corresponding tool apron end cover 1031 and corresponds to the tool 104, and the spray head is connected with the high-pressure water system and used for washing the tool at high pressure, so that the abrasion and the blockage are reduced, the service life of the hob is prolonged, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 8, the seal blade chamber 101 has a working hole 1011 on the front end surface and a mounting hole 1016 on the rear end surface. The through holes arranged on the working surface of the cutter head body 2 are working holes. The working holes 1011 and the dismounting holes 1016 are arranged in a staggered mode, the number of the dismounting holes 1016 is at least one more than that of the working holes 1011, and the cutter cylinder assembly is switched between the working holes and the dismounting holes to complete the switching between the working mode and the cutter changing mode. In this embodiment, the wing plate 105 is disposed on the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly 102, and in the working state, the knife cylinder assembly 102 is correspondingly matched with the working hole 1011, and the knife extends out of the sealed knife chamber to excavate the tunnel face. In a tool changing state, the tool cylinder assembly 102 is correspondingly matched with the dismounting hole 1016, and the wing plate 105 seals the working hole 1011; the wing plate moves synchronously along with the knife cylinder assembly, the knife cylinder assembly blocks the working hole when leaving the working hole, the gate function is achieved, the structure is simple, convenience and practicability are achieved, and the sealing performance of the working hole during knife changing is improved.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in embodiment 3, two working holes and three dismounting holes are taken as examples in addition to embodiment 2: two knife cylinder assemblies 102 are arranged in the sealed knife chamber 101 in a sliding mode and are fixedly connected in parallel. The front end face of the seal cutter chamber 101 is provided with two working holes 1011, the rear end face is provided with three dismounting holes 1016, and the length of the wing plate 105 is larger than 1.2 times of the diameter of the working holes 1011. When a tool needs to be replaced, the blade plate can completely block the working hole when the tool cylinder assembly moves to the dismounting hole from the working hole.
Further, be equipped with stopper 1027 on the outer wall of sword section of thick bamboo assembly 102, stopper 1027 cooperatees with the draw-in groove 1015 that sets up on sealed sword room 101 inner wall, and under operating condition, the stopper is located the draw-in groove, carries out spacing to the sword section of thick bamboo, prevents that it from taking place to rotate. A first oil cylinder 1013 is connected between the knife cylinder assembly 102 and the sealed knife chamber 101; under the action of the first oil cylinder, the limiting block slides in the clamping groove, so that the cutter cylinder assembly can move along the sealed cutter chamber, and the cutter cylinder assembly is used for switching the position between the working hole and the dismounting hole. Specifically, the limit blocks 1027 are symmetrically disposed on the knife cylinder assembly 102, that is, the number of the limit blocks is two. Two first oil cylinders 1013 are connected to one knife cylinder assembly 102 from top to bottom, and two limit blocks are matched with the two first oil cylinders to ensure the stability of the knife cylinder during movement. The outer wall of the sealed knife chamber 101 is provided with a first positioning hole 1014, the knife cylinder assembly 102 is provided with a first screw hole 1025, and the first screw hole 1025 corresponds to the first positioning hole 1014 and is connected with the first positioning hole through a fixing bolt. In the working state, the first screw hole 1025 is matched with the first positioning hole 1014 and then fixed through bolts, so that the knife cylinder assembly is fixed in the sealed knife chamber.
As shown in fig. 5, in embodiment 4, the cutter cylinder assembly 102 includes a cylinder 1021, in this embodiment, a cylindrical cylinder is used as the cylinder, and a sealing ring 1012 is disposed between a front end face of the cylinder 1021 and a sealing cutter chamber; the blade holder 103 is located at the front inside the barrel 1021 and is fixed by a blade holder cover 1031, and the blade holder cover 1031 is detachably connected to the barrel. The drive mechanism is located at the rear of the barrel 1021 and is removably connected to the blade holder end 1031. The tool detection device comprises a rotation detection device 1032 and a wear detection device 1035, and the rotation detection device 1032 is fixed on the tool apron end cover 1031 and corresponds to the tool 104; in this embodiment, the rotation detection device uses the rotation speed sensor to detect whether the cutter rotates, and when the cutter is found not to be able to roll normally, the rotation speed sensor returns an abnormal signal to the background controller, and the cutter head stops rotating. A wear detection device 1035 is fixed to the tool holder 103 and corresponds to the tool 104. In the embodiment, the abrasion detection device adopts the hob abrasion sensor to monitor the abrasion loss of the cutter, and when the abrasion loss of the cutter exceeds a set value, the hob abrasion sensor returns an abnormal signal to the background controller, so that the cutter stops rotating.
In this embodiment, the holder end cover 1031 is provided with a second screw hole 1036, the barrel 1021 is provided with a second positioning hole 1026, and the second screw hole 1036 corresponds to the second positioning hole 1026 and is connected thereto by a fixing bolt. When the tool holder assembly is installed, the second screw hole 1036 corresponds to the second positioning hole 1026, and the tool holder end cover is fixedly connected to the tool holder body through the fixing bolt, so that the tool holder is fixed.
As a preferable scheme: the driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder 1024, one end of the second oil cylinder 1024 is connected with the cutter holder end cover 1031, the other end of the second oil cylinder is connected to the cutter cylinder end cover 1022, the cutter cylinder end cover 1022 is detachably connected with the cylinder 1021, the oil cylinder is internally provided and assembled by a back-mounted hob, the whole cutter cylinder is not required to be drawn out, the oil cylinder is not required to be detached, and the hob can be replaced at any position of the cutter disc. The knife cylinder end cover 1022 is detachably provided with a sealing plate 1023 for sealing the second oil cylinder 1024, and the sealing plate seals the second oil cylinder from the rear part. The central axis of the second oil cylinder 1024 coincides with the central axis of the cylinder 1021, so that the stability of assembling and disassembling the tool apron end cover is improved. As shown in FIG. 4, be equipped with sealing member 1037 between blade holder 103 and the sealed tool compartment 101, improve the holistic leakproofness of a sword section of thick bamboo, this application sword section of thick bamboo assembly adopts mechanical seal + elastic seal, and is sealed more real, solves current tool changer and easily receives the mud influence and leads to the gate to close not tight problem.
The other structure is the same as in example 3.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 9 and 10, a shield tunneling machine comprises a hobbing cutter clamping jaw 4, a main drive 5 and a cutter head described in embodiment 4, wherein the main drive 5 is connected with the cutter head to provide power for rotating the cutter head. The main drive 5 is connected with a center rotary joint 3, and pipelines related to the normal-pressure tool changing cutter head 1 are connected through the center rotary joint, so that the pipelines are prevented from being wound. The hob chuck jaws 4 cooperate with the cutters 104 on the cutterhead. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: hobbing cutter clamping jaw 4 includes locating plate 41, is equipped with on the locating plate with hobbing cutter matched with constant head tank 42, and the back of locating plate is equipped with holding frame 43, and the holding frame can cooperate with tool changing robot, carries out mechanized intelligent tool changing.
Example 6: as shown in fig. 11, a method for changing a tool of a shield tunneling machine according to embodiment 5 includes the following steps: the method comprises a knife dismounting process and a knife mounting process, wherein the knife dismounting process is as follows:
s1: the cutter detection device detects the cutter state on line, and when the cutter is abnormal, the cutter stops rotating; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the rotation detection device adopts a rotation speed sensor to detect whether the cutter rotates, and when the cutter cannot normally roll, the rotation speed sensor returns an abnormal signal to the background controller, and the cutter head stops rotating. The abrasion detection device adopts a hob abrasion sensor to monitor the abrasion loss of the cutter, when the abrasion loss of the cutter exceeds a set value, the hob abrasion sensor returns an abnormal signal to the background controller, and the cutter disc stops rotating.
S2: the cutter 104 on the cutter cylinder assembly 102 is retracted into the cutter cylinder assembly 102 under the action of the second oil cylinder 1024 of the driving mechanism.
S3: the connecting piece between the sealed knife room 101 and the knife cylinder assembly 102 is removed, the limit block 1027 on the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly 102 is positioned in the clamping groove 1015 on the inner wall of the sealed knife room 101, and the first oil cylinder 1013 pushes the knife cylinder assembly 102 to move along the sealed knife room 101, so that the knife cylinder assembly 102 moves from the working hole 1011 to the dismounting hole 1016.
S4: the knife cylinder end cover 1022 and the knife holder end cover 1031 at the rear end of the knife cylinder assembly 102 are removed in sequence.
S5: and (4) detaching the cutter 104 on the cutter base 103 by using the hob clamping jaw 4, and replacing the cutter with a new one to finish the cutter detachment.
The tool mounting process is reverse operation of the tool dismounting process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s6: the upper tool apron end cover 1031 and the tool cylinder end cover 1022 are sequentially installed and fixed.
S6: the first oil cylinder 1013 pushes the knife cylinder assembly 102 to move along the sealed knife compartment 101, pushes the knife cylinder assembly 102 from the dismounting hole 1016 to the working hole 1011, ensures that the knife cylinder assembly 102 is located at the limited position, and then fixes the knife cylinder assembly 102.
S7: and the cutter 104 on the cutter cylinder assembly 102 extends out of the sealed cutter chamber 101 forwards under the action of a second oil cylinder 1024 of the driving mechanism, so that the cutter changing work is completed.
Before the tool changing process is carried out, the tool can be cleaned through the high-pressure flushing device according to needs, so that the tool can be changed conveniently. According to the tool changing method, the whole tool cylinder is not required to be drawn out, the oil cylinder is not required to be dismounted, the hob can be changed at any position of the cutter disc, the fast and efficient change of the hob is realized, the shield construction efficiency and the tool changing safety are further improved, and the method is a great innovation for tunnel construction.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a normal pressure tool changing blade disc which characterized in that: the cutter comprises a cutter head body (2), wherein a sealed cutter chamber (101) is arranged in the cutter head body (2), at least one cutter barrel assembly (102) is arranged in the sealed cutter chamber (101) in a sliding manner, a driving mechanism capable of driving a cutter holder (103) to move is arranged in the cutter barrel assembly (102), a cutter (104) is detachably arranged on the cutter holder (103), and the cutter (104) extends outwards through a through hole formed in the working surface of the cutter head body (2); and a sealing structure is arranged between the knife cylinder assembly (102) and the working surface of the sealing knife chamber (101).
2. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 1, wherein: the sealed knife room (101) is a rectangular sealed knife room formed by a front panel (101-1) and a rear shell (101-2) of the cutter head body (2); and a cutter detection device and a high-pressure flushing device are arranged on the cutter holder (103) or in the cutter barrel assembly (102).
3. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 2, wherein: the sealing structure comprises a sealing ring groove arranged on the back of the front panel (101-1), a sealing strip (1012) is arranged in the sealing ring groove, and the sealing ring groove and a through hole arranged on the working surface of the cutter head body (2) are arranged in a concentric mode.
4. The atmospheric pressure tool changing cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the front end face of the sealed knife room (101) is provided with a working hole (1011), the rear end face of the sealed knife room is provided with a dismounting hole (1016), and the working hole (1011) and the dismounting hole (1016) are arranged in a staggered mode; wing plates (105) are arranged on the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly (102), and the knife cylinder assembly (102) is correspondingly matched with the working hole (1011) in a working state; in the tool changing state, the tool cylinder assembly (102) is correspondingly matched with the dismounting hole (1016), and the wing plate (105) seals the working hole (1011).
5. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 4, wherein: the number of the working holes (1011) arranged on the front end face of the sealed knife room (101) corresponds to the number of the knife cylinder assemblies (102) one by one, and the number of the dismounting holes (1016) is not less than the number of the working holes (1011).
6. The atmospheric pressure tool changing cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that: the outer wall of the knife cylinder assembly (102) is provided with a limiting block (1027), the limiting block (1027) is matched with a clamping groove (1015) formed in the inner wall of the sealed knife room (101), and a first oil cylinder (1013) is connected between the knife cylinder assembly (102) and the sealed knife room (101).
7. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 6, wherein: the limiting blocks (1027) are symmetrically arranged on the cutter cylinder assembly (102) from top to bottom, and one cutter cylinder assembly (102) is connected with two first oil cylinders (1013) from top to bottom; the sealing knife chamber is characterized in that a first positioning hole (1014) is formed in the outer wall of the sealing knife chamber (101), a first screw hole (1025) is formed in the knife cylinder assembly (102), and the first screw hole (1025) corresponds to the first positioning hole (1014) and is connected with the first positioning hole through a fixing bolt.
8. The atmospheric cutter changing head as claimed in any one of claims 2, 3, 5 and 7, wherein: the knife cylinder assembly (102) comprises a cylinder body (1021), the knife holder (103) is positioned at the front part in the cylinder body (1021) and is fixed through a knife holder end cover (1031), and the driving mechanism is positioned at the rear part in the cylinder body (1021) and is detachably connected with the knife holder end cover (1031); a spray head (106) of the high-pressure flushing device is arranged on the tool apron end cover (1031) and corresponds to the tool (104).
9. The atmospheric tool changing cutter head of claim 8, wherein: the tool detection device comprises a rotation detection device (1032) and a wear detection device (1035), the rotation detection device (1032) is fixed on the tool apron end cover (1031) and corresponds to the tool (104), and the wear detection device (1035) is fixed on the tool apron (103) and corresponds to the tool (104); the tool apron end cover (1031) is provided with a second screw hole (1036), the barrel body (1021) is provided with a second positioning hole (1026), and the second screw hole (1036) corresponds to the second positioning hole (1026) and is connected with the second positioning hole through a fixing bolt.
10. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 9, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a second oil cylinder (1024), one end of the second oil cylinder (1024) is connected with the knife holder end cover (1031), the other end of the second oil cylinder is connected to the knife cylinder end cover (1022), and the knife cylinder end cover (1022) is detachably connected with the cylinder body (1021).
11. The atmospheric cutter changing head as recited in claim 10, wherein: a sealing plate (1023) used for sealing and blocking the second oil cylinder (1024) is detachably arranged on the knife cylinder end cover (1022), and the central axis of the second oil cylinder (1024) is overlapped with the central axis of the cylinder body (1021); and a sealing element (1037) is arranged between the tool apron (103) and the sealed tool chamber (101).
12. The utility model provides a shield constructs machine which characterized in that: the normal pressure tool changing cutterhead comprises a hob clamping jaw (4), a main drive (5) and any one of claims 1-11, wherein the main drive (5) is connected with the cutterhead to provide power for the rotation of the cutterhead, the main drive (5) is connected with a center rotary joint (3), and the hob clamping jaw (4) is matched with a cutter (104) on the cutterhead.
13. A tool changing method of the shield tunneling machine according to claim 12, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cutter detection device detects the cutter state on line, and when the cutter is abnormal, the cutter stops rotating;
s2: the cutter (104) on the cutter barrel assembly (102) is retracted into the cutter barrel assembly (102) under the action of a second oil cylinder (1024) of the driving mechanism;
s3: removing a connecting piece between the sealed knife room (101) and the knife cylinder assembly (102), and moving the knife cylinder assembly (102) from the working hole (1011) to the dismounting hole (1016) by pushing the knife cylinder assembly (102) to move along the sealed knife room (101) by the first oil cylinder (1013);
s4: sequentially removing a knife cylinder end cover (1022) and a knife holder end cover (1031) at the rear end of the knife cylinder assembly (102);
s5: the cutter (104) on the cutter base (103) is dismantled by using the hob clamping jaw (4), and a new cutter is replaced;
s6: an upper tool apron end cover (1031) and a tool cylinder end cover (1022) are sequentially installed;
s6: the first oil cylinder (1013) pushes the knife cylinder assembly (102) to move along the sealed knife chamber (101), the knife cylinder assembly (102) is pushed to the working hole (1011) from the dismounting hole (1016), the knife cylinder assembly (102) is ensured to be positioned at a limited position, and then the knife cylinder assembly (102) is fixed;
s7: and a cutter (104) on the cutter cylinder assembly (102) extends out of the sealed cutter chamber (101) forwards under the action of a second oil cylinder (1024) of the driving mechanism to complete cutter changing work.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210020390.3A CN114352298A (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2022-01-10 | Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210020390.3A CN114352298A (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2022-01-10 | Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine |
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| CN114352298A true CN114352298A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| CN202210020390.3A Pending CN114352298A (en) | 2022-01-10 | 2022-01-10 | Normal-pressure cutter changing cutter head, shield tunneling machine and cutter changing method of shield tunneling machine |
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| CN115157167A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-11 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Quick replacement tool for normal-pressure cutter of shield machine |
| CN115163101A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-11 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Shield constructs cutter head ordinary pressure tool changing system |
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