CN111576451A - Expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111576451A CN111576451A CN202010530636.2A CN202010530636A CN111576451A CN 111576451 A CN111576451 A CN 111576451A CN 202010530636 A CN202010530636 A CN 202010530636A CN 111576451 A CN111576451 A CN 111576451A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of slope engineering, in particular to an expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure and a construction method thereof. In the invention, the slope surface and the top of the side slope comprise a bagged cultivation soil layer, a drainage layer, a first geotextile layer and a drainage and heat insulation layer which are sequentially stacked; a longitudinal infiltration ditch is arranged at the toe of the slope and is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer; the drainage and heat insulation layer positioned on the top of the slope is contacted with the expansive soil on the top of the slope through two films; the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface is contacted with the expansive soil of the slope surface through the second geotextile layer; the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells; the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the heat-extraction heat-insulation layer is 15-20 mm; the side walls of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat insulation layer are provided with drain holes; is suitable for preventing and treating expansive soil side slopes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope engineering, in particular to an expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The expansive soil is a clay which is rich in hydrophilic clay minerals such as montmorillonite or illite and has remarkable swelling and shrinking properties. Expansive soil properties are significantly affected by environmental changes, especially changes in moist heat. Due to the water absorption expansion dehydration shrinkage characteristic of the expansive soil, shallow layer collapse and slide damage often occurs on the expansive soil slope under the action of dry and wet circulation.
Aiming at the problem of shallow layer damage of an expansion side slope, rigid supports such as grouted rubbles, retaining walls, anti-slide piles and the like are often adopted for treatment in engineering practice, but the methods cannot be effective often, and damage often occurs after the method is operated for a period of time; later, a geogrid reinforced flexible support treatment method is developed, and the problem of expansive soil side slope shallow layer damage is solved well, but the method has the problems of low construction mechanization degree, long construction period, high construction cost and the like, and the surface layer cultivated soil is weak in rainfall erosion resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure and a construction method thereof, which are suitable for prevention and control of expansive soil slopes, can ensure the stability of a downhill body under the action of dry-wet circulation, and have the advantages of strong rainfall and running water scouring resistance, low manufacturing cost, high mechanization degree and simple construction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an expansive soil cutting slope control structure which comprises a bagged cultivation soil layer, a drainage layer, a first geotextile layer and a drainage heat insulation layer which are sequentially stacked on the slope surface and the top of a slope; a longitudinal infiltration ditch is arranged at the toe of the side slope and is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer;
the drainage heat insulation layer positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films; the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with expansive soil of the slope surface through a second geotextile layer;
the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells;
the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the heat-extraction heat-insulation layer is 15-20 mm;
and the side walls of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat insulation layer are provided with drain holes.
Preferably, the slope rate of the side slope is below 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the thickness of the drainage layer and the thickness of the drainage heat-insulating layer are independently 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the maximum particle size of the crushed stone soil in the drainage layer is less than 5 cm.
Preferably, the porosity of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat-insulation layer is 40-50% independently, and the pore diameter of the drainage hole is 0.8-1.2 cm independently.
Preferably, the welding torches of the geocells of the drainage layer and the drainage and heat insulation layer are independent and are 50-60 cm; the geocell in the drainage layer and the geocell in the drainage heat-insulating layer are staggered by 10-16 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the bagged cultivation soil layer is more than 20 cm.
Preferably, the bags in the bagged cultivation soil layer are transversely overlapped by 10-15 cm, and the longitudinal bag tail is connected with the bag head without lap joint.
Preferably, the slope rate of the top of the side slope is 3-5%.
The invention provides a construction method of an expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure, which comprises the following steps:
excavating a side slope on the basis of the original expansive soil cutting slope foundation;
excavating a longitudinal seepage ditch at the toe of the side slope;
laying two cloth films at the top of the side slope;
laying a second geotextile on the slope surface of the side slope to form a second geotextile layer;
laying geocell on the surfaces of the two first cloth membranes and the second geotextile layer, filling broken stone and/or cloud concrete stone into the geocell, and forming a drainage and heat insulation layer on the top of the slope and the slope surface;
laying a first geotextile on the surface of the drainage heat-insulating layer to form a first geotextile layer;
laying a geocell on the surface of the first geotextile layer, and filling gravels into the geocell to form a drainage layer;
and paving bagged cultivation soil on the surface of the drainage layer to form a bagged cultivation soil layer, so as to obtain the expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure.
The invention provides an expansive soil road cutting slope control structure, wherein the slope surface and the top of a slope comprise a bagged cultivation soil layer, a drainage layer, a first geotechnical cloth layer and a drainage heat insulation layer which are sequentially stacked; a longitudinal infiltration ditch is arranged at the toe of the side slope and is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer; the drainage heat insulation layer positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films; the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with expansive soil of the slope surface through a second geotextile layer; the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells; the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the heat-extraction heat-insulation layer is 15-20 mm; and the side walls of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat insulation layer are provided with drain holes.
The surface of the slope control structure is a bagged cultivation soil layer, and the cultivation soil is used in a bagged form, so that rainfall and running water scouring can be effectively resisted; a drainage layer consisting of gravels is arranged below the bagged cultivation soil layer, and the gravels have the functions of drainage and heat insulation and can quickly permeate rainwater into the drainage and heat insulation layer; the first geotextile layer is arranged between the drainage layer and the drainage heat-insulating layer, so that fine materials in the gravel soil can be prevented from being brought into the drainage heat-insulating layer by rainwater to block pores of the drainage heat-insulating layer; the drainage and heat insulation layer consists of the broken stones and/or the cloud concrete stones, and can play roles in drainage and heat insulation due to large pores and low heat conductivity coefficient of the broken stones and/or the cloud concrete stones, rainwater infiltrated from the drainage layer is timely drained in rainfall, the influence of the change of the external environment temperature on the soil body below the drainage and heat insulation layer in drought is small, and the influence of evaporation and transpiration (the evaporation and transpiration can accelerate the loss of water in the soil body of the side slope and accelerate the dry-wet cycle) on the side slope can be blocked; the longitudinal seepage ditches are arranged at the slope toe of the side slope, so that seepage water of the slope body can be timely drained; two films are arranged on the surface of the expansive soil on the top of the slope, so that the rainfall can be effectively prevented from permeating into the slope body through the top of the slope; the second geotextile layer is arranged on the surface of the swelling soil on the slope surface, so that hydroenergy in the original slope can permeate into the drainage and thermal insulation layer through the cracks, and meanwhile, the loss of fine materials in the drainage and thermal insulation layer can be blocked. The slope prevention and control structure is suitable for prevention and control of expansive soil slopes, can ensure the stability of slopes under the action of dry-wet circulation, and has the advantages of strong rainfall and water scouring resistance, small overbreak width, low manufacturing cost, high mechanization degree and simple construction.
Furthermore, the method has the advantage of small overbreak width compared with a geogrid reinforced flexible support treatment method (the overbreak width is 4-5 m) by controlling the thickness of each layer and the slope rate of the side slope. For example: example 1 the depth of the side slope excavation was 30+ H1+H2The slope gradient of the side slope is 33.4 degrees (namely 1: 1.5) when the angle is 70cm, the overbreak width of the side slope is 70/sin33.4 degrees when the angle is 127cm, and the overbreak width is greatly shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the expansive soil cut slope prevention structure of the present invention,
the soil-water-permeable and water-proof composite material comprises, by weight, 1-a bagged cultivation soil layer, 2-a water drainage layer, 3-a first geotextile layer, 4-a water drainage and heat insulation layer, 5-a geocell, 6-two geotextile-one membrane, 7-a second geotextile layer, 8-a longitudinal infiltration ditch and 9-a water drainage pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an expansive soil road cutting slope control structure, wherein the slope surface and the top of a slope comprise a bagged cultivation soil layer, a drainage layer, a first geotechnical cloth layer and a drainage heat insulation layer which are sequentially stacked; a longitudinal infiltration ditch is arranged at the toe of the side slope and is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer;
the drainage heat insulation layer positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films; the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with expansive soil of the slope surface through a second geotextile layer;
the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells;
the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the drainage heat-insulating layer is 15-20 mm;
and the side walls of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat insulation layer are provided with drain holes.
The expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure provided by the invention comprises a bagged cultivation soil layer on the slope surface and the top of the slope, wherein the bagged cultivation soil layer is the outermost layer of the slope prevention and control structure.
In the present invention, the thickness of the bagged cultivation soil layer is preferably 20cm or more, and more preferably 20 to 40 cm. The invention controls the thickness of the bagged cultivation soil layer within the range, which is beneficial to resisting the scouring of strong rainfall. In the invention, the bagged cultivation soil layer is formed by laying cultivation soil in a bagged mode. The bag used for the bagged cultivation soil is preferably an ecological bag, and the bag has no special requirement on the size of the ecological bag and can meet the thickness requirement of a bagged cultivation soil layer. In an embodiment of the invention, the size of the ecological bag is specifically 115cm x 50 cm. In the invention, the transverse direction of the bags in the bagged cultivation soil layer is preferably overlapped by 10-15 cm, and the longitudinal direction of the bags is preferably connected with the bag heads without lap joint. In the present invention, the longitudinal direction refers to a direction parallel to a road, and the lateral direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the road. The ecological bag is overlapped, so that the ecological bag is not easy to slide when being washed by rainwater. In the present invention, the placing plane of the bagged cultivation soil layer is preferably inclined to the inner direction of the slope by an angle of 5% to prevent the bagged cultivation soil layer from sliding outwards. In the invention, the bagged cultivation soil layer preferably contains grass seeds, thereby realizing the grass planting greening of the side slope.
The expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure provided by the invention comprises a drainage layer positioned below a bagged cultivation soil layer. In the invention, the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells. The invention has no special requirement on the number of the geocells, and the invention is subject to the condition that the whole drainage layer is fully paved. In the invention, the side wall of the geocell is provided with a drain hole; the aperture of the drain hole is preferably 0.8-1.2 cm, and more preferably 1.0 cm; the porosity of the geocell is preferably 40-50%. In the invention, the welding torch of the geocell is preferably 50-60 cm, and more preferably 60 cm; the height of the geocell preferably corresponds to the thickness of the drainage layer. In the invention, the thickness of the drainage layer is preferably 20-30 cm, and more preferably 20 cm. In the invention, the material of the geocell is preferably HDPE, and the adjacent geocells are preferably connected through welding or hooks.
In the present invention, the maximum particle size of the crushed soil is preferably less than 5 cm. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the gravelly soil, and the gravelly soil with the source well known in the field can be adopted. The invention takes the gravelly soil as the filler of the drainage layer, has good drainage performance and can quickly permeate rainwater into the drainage heat-insulating layer below.
The expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure provided by the invention comprises a first geotextile layer positioned below a drainage layer. In the invention, the thickness of the first geotextile layer is preferably 0.9 mm-2.5 mm; the specification of the geotextile adopted by the first geotextile layer is 100-300 g/m2. In the invention, the first geotextile layer can prevent rainwater from bringing fine materials in the gravel soil into the drainage heat-insulating layer to block pores of the drainage heat-insulating layer.
The expansive soil cutting slope control structure provided by the invention comprises a drainage and thermal insulation layer positioned below a first geotechnical cloth layer; the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the heat-extraction heat-insulation layer is 15-20 mm. When the filling material of the drainage and heat insulation layer is broken stone and cloud concrete stone, the proportion of the broken stone and the cloud concrete stone is not specially required, and the broken stone and the cloud concrete stone can be mixed at any proportion.
The invention has no special requirement on the number of the geocells, and the invention takes the fact that the whole drainage and insulation layer is fully paved as the standard. In the invention, the side wall of the geocell is provided with a drain hole; the aperture of the drain hole is preferably 0.8-1.2 cm, and more preferably 1.0 cm; the porosity of the geocell is preferably 40-50%. In the invention, the welding torch of the geocell is preferably 50-60 cm, and more preferably 60 cm; the height of the geocell preferably corresponds to the thickness of the drainage and insulation layer. In the invention, the thickness of the drainage and heat insulation layer is preferably 20-30 cm, and more preferably 20 cm. In the invention, the material of the geocell is preferably HDPE, and the adjacent geocells are preferably connected through welding or hooks.
The drainage and heat insulation layer consists of the broken stones and/or the cloud concrete stones, and the broken stones and/or the cloud concrete stones have large pores and low heat conductivity coefficient, so that the drainage and heat insulation effects can be achieved, rainwater infiltrated from the drainage layer can be timely drained in rainfall, the influence of the change of the external environment temperature on the soil body below the drainage and heat insulation layer in drought is small, the influence of the evaporation and transpiration on the side slope can be blocked, and the stability of the slope body is ensured.
In the invention, the bagged cultivation soil layer, the drainage layer, the first geotextile layer and the drainage and heat insulation layer are all covered on the slope surface and the top of the side slope.
The expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure provided by the invention comprises two geotextile-one films and a second geotextile layer; the drainage heat insulation layer positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films; and the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with the swelling soil of the slope surface through the second geotextile layer. The two-cloth-one-film is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a two-cloth-one-film known in the art may be used. In the invention, the thickness of the two cloth-one films is preferably 1-2 mm. Expansion of the invention at the top of a slopeTwo films are arranged on the surface of the expansive soil, so that the rainfall can be effectively prevented from permeating into the slope body through the top of the slope. In the invention, the thickness of the second geotextile layer is preferably 0.9 mm-2.5 mm; the specification of the geotextile adopted by the second geotextile layer is 100-300 g/m2. In the invention, the second geotextile layer is preferably in one-way permeation, and the second geotextile layer is arranged on the surface of the swelling soil of the slope, so that water in the original slope can permeate into the drainage and heat insulation layer through cracks of the slope, and the loss of fine materials in the drainage and heat insulation layer can be prevented.
The expansive soil cutting slope prevention and control structure provided by the invention comprises longitudinal penetration arranged at the slope toe of the slope; the longitudinal infiltration groove is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer. In the invention, the longitudinal seepage ditches can timely eliminate the seepage of the slope body. The invention has no special requirements on the size and the shape of the longitudinal seepage ditch, and can eliminate the seepage of the slope body in time. In an embodiment of the invention, the transverse dimension (i.e. width) of the longitudinal groove is 40 cm. In the present invention, the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal furrows means that the extending direction of the furrows is the same as the direction of the road, which is well known in the art. In the invention, the bottom and the periphery of the longitudinal infiltration ditch are preferably paved with one-way infiltration geotextile, so that the water at the periphery is allowed to infiltrate into the longitudinal infiltration ditch, but the water in the infiltration ditch does not infiltrate into the periphery, thereby better protecting the slope structure. In the invention, the bottom of the longitudinal infiltration ditch is preferably further provided with a drain pipe (positioned on the one-way infiltration geotextile), the drain pipe is preferably made of PVC, and the wall of the drain pipe is preferably provided with a drain hole. The drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal infiltration ditch, so that water in the longitudinal infiltration ditch can be drained in time. The invention has no special requirements on the arrangement mode of the drain pipe, the size of the drain pipe and the size of the drain hole, and can discharge the water in the longitudinal infiltration ditch in time. In the invention, the arrangement direction of the drain pipe is consistent with the direction of the longitudinal infiltration ditch. In order to keep the slope structure stable, the longitudinal infiltration ditches are preferably filled with broken stones. The invention has no special requirements on the material and the particle size of the crushed stone, and the crushed stone for filling the infiltration ditch is adopted, which belongs to the common knowledge in the field.
In the present invention, the slope ratio of the side slope is preferably 1:1.5 or less; the slope rate (the included angle between the plane of the top of the slope and the horizontal plane) of the top of the side slope is preferably 3-5%, and more preferably 5%. The transverse gradient (referring to the included angle between the plane of the slope toe and the horizontal plane) of the slope toe is preferably 3%. In the invention, the slope top has a certain slope rate, which is beneficial to the water on the slope top to flow down along the slope surface and drain to the toe, and the toe has a certain slope rate, so that the water on the surface of the side slope can be guided to the drainage ditch (the drainage ditch belongs to the conventional arrangement of the side slope), and the excessive rainwater accumulation on the slope top and the slope surface is prevented.
In order to facilitate the technical solutions of the present application to be better understood by those skilled in the art, the expansive soil cutting slope control structure of the present invention will now be described with reference to fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the expansive soil cut slope control structure of the invention sequentially comprises a bagged cultivation soil layer 1, a drainage layer 2, a first geotechnical cloth layer 3 and a drainage and heat insulation layer 4 which are stacked from top to bottom on the slope surface and the top of the slope; the drainage layer 2 comprises a plurality of geocells 5 and gravels filled in the geocells 5, and the drainage and thermal insulation layer 4 comprises a plurality of geocells 5 and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells 5; the drainage heat-insulating layer 4 positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films 6; and the drainage heat-insulating layer 4 positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with the swelling soil of the slope surface through a second geotextile layer 7. A longitudinal infiltration ditch 8 is arranged at the toe of the side slope, and the longitudinal infiltration ditch 8 is communicated with the drainage and heat insulation layer 4; the periphery and the bottom of the longitudinal infiltration ditch are also provided with one-way infiltration geotextile, the bottom of the longitudinal infiltration ditch 8 is provided with a drain pipe 9 (above the one-way infiltration geotextile) and the longitudinal infiltration ditch is filled with broken stones. When rainfall occurs, most rainwater on the slope top flows to the slope surface and flows down to the drainage ditch along the slope surface, a small amount of water permeates the drainage heat-insulating layer 3 through the cultivated soil layer 1 and the drainage layer 2, and the water on the drainage heat-insulating layer 3 is drained to the longitudinal infiltration ditch 8.
The invention provides a construction method of an expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure, which comprises the following steps:
excavating a side slope on the basis of the original expansive soil cutting slope foundation;
excavating a longitudinal seepage ditch at the toe of the side slope;
laying two cloth films at the top of the side slope;
laying a second geotextile on the slope surface of the side slope to form a second geotextile layer;
laying geocell on the surfaces of the two first cloth membranes and the second geotextile layer, filling broken stone and/or cloud concrete stone into the geocell, and forming a drainage and heat insulation layer on the top of the slope and the slope surface;
laying a first geotextile on the surface of the drainage heat-insulating layer to form a first geotextile layer;
laying a geocell on the surface of the first geotextile layer, and filling gravels into the geocell to form a drainage layer;
and paving bagged cultivation soil on the surface of the drainage layer to form a bagged cultivation soil layer, so as to obtain the expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure.
The invention excavates the side slope on the basis of the original expansive soil cutting side slope foundation. The invention has no special requirements on the process of excavating the side slope, and the side slope excavating process known in the field can be adopted. During excavation, measurement and setting-out are needed to ensure the smoothness and straightness of the side slope and the realization of the designed slope rate. The depth of excavation corresponds the thickness sum of each layer of inflation dirt road moat slope control structure. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thicknesses of the first geotextile layer, the second geotextile layer, and the two geotextile-membrane are negligible.
After the excavation of the side slope is finished, longitudinal infiltration ditches are excavated at the slope toe of the side slope. In the present invention, the excavation process of the longitudinal infiltration trench preferably includes: digging a groove at the slope toe of the side slope, tamping the bottom of the groove, and then paving one-way permeable geotextile at the bottom and around the groove; and then laying a drain pipe on the one-way permeable geotextile at the bottom and filling the groove with the macadam to form a longitudinal permeable ditch. The invention preferably adopts a manual or excavator to excavate the groove.
The invention lays two cloth films on the top of the side slope. The invention has no special requirements on the laying process, and the laying process known in the field can be adopted.
According to the invention, a second geotextile layer is laid on the slope surface of the side slope to form the second geotextile layer. The laying process of the second geotextile layer is not particularly required, and the laying process known in the field can be adopted.
After two cloth-one films are formed at the top of a slope and a second geotextile layer is formed on the slope, the invention lays geocells on the surfaces of the two cloth-one films and the second geotextile layer, fills gravels and/or cloud concrete stones into the geocells, and forms a drainage and heat insulation layer on the top of the slope and the slope.
The invention has no special requirements on the laying process of the geocell, and the laying process known in the field can be adopted. In the present invention, the geocell at the top of the slope is preferably connected with the geocell at the slope surface, so as to facilitate the construction when spreading broken stones and/or cloud concrete stones. The invention preferably fills the earthwork grid chamber paved on the top of the slope uniformly with the gravels and/or the cloud concrete stones, and then fills the gravels and/or the cloud concrete stones uniformly from the top of the slope to the earthwork grid chamber on the slope, wherein the thickness of the filled gravels and/or the cloud concrete stones is consistent with the height of the earthwork grid chamber. In the invention, the laying range of the geocell at the top of the slope is preferably 3-4 m.
After the drainage heat insulation layer is formed on the slope top and the slope surface, the first geotextile layer is laid on the surface of the drainage heat insulation layer to form the first geotextile layer. The laying process of the first geotextile is not particularly required, and the laying process well known in the field can be adopted.
After the first geotextile layer is formed, the geocell is laid on the surface of the first geotextile layer, and the geocell is filled with gravel soil to form the drainage layer. In the present invention, the laying of the geocells in the drainage layer and the laying process of the geocells in the drainage heat insulation layer are not described herein again. In the present invention, the filling thickness of the crushed soil is consistent with the height of the geocell.
After the drainage layer is formed, the bagged ploughing and planting soil is paved on the surface of the drainage layer to form a bagged ploughing and planting soil layer, and the expansive soil cutting slope control structure is obtained. In the invention, the laying plane of the bagged cultivation soil layer preferably inclines for 5 percent of the angle towards the inner direction of the slope; the transverse direction of the bags is preferably overlapped by 10-15 cm, and the longitudinal direction of the bags is preferably connected with the bag heads without lap joint.
The construction method is simple, high in mechanization degree and small in over-excavation width.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Construction was carried out according to the structure shown in fig. 1:
(1) excavating a side slope: excavating (30+ H) on the foundation of original side slope1+H2) The method comprises the following steps of 1, measuring and paying off cm-shaped expansive soil side slope to ensure the straightness of the side slope and the realization of a designed slope rate during excavation, wherein the slope rate is 1:1.5, and the outward slope rate of the top of the slope is 5%;
(2) and (3) seepage ditch excavation: excavating a longitudinal groove at the slope toe of the side slope by using an excavator, tamping the bottom of the groove, and paving one-way permeable geotextile at the bottom and two sides of the groove;
(3) arranging the drainage pipes in the grooves and filling broken stones in the grooves: arranging a PVC drain pipe (the diameter is 10cm) with a longitudinal hole at the bottom of the infiltration ditch as a longitudinal drainage channel, and filling the PVC drain pipe with broken stones to form a longitudinal infiltration ditch;
(4) laying a membrane on the slope top and a second geotechnical cloth layer on the slope: fully paving geotextile on the slope surface of the excavated expansive soil slope to form a second geotextile layer; fully laying two films on the top of the slope;
(5) laying the drainage heat insulation layer hole geocell: paving geocells with drainage holes (the pore diameter of the drainage holes is 1cm, the porosity is 50%) in the range of 3-4 m at the top of the slope and on the slope surface of the whole side slope, wherein the size of each geocell with the drainage holes is 20cm (H)2) The welding distance is 60cm, and the earthwork standard chamber with the drainage hole at the top of the slope is connected with the earthwork standard chamber with the drainage hole at the slope surface, so that construction during spreading of broken stones or cloud concrete stones is facilitated;
(6) spreading of broken stones or cloud concrete stones (in this case, broken stone filling is adopted): firstly, uniformly filling broken stones (with the grain diameter of 15-20 mm) into the earthwork standard chambers with the drainage holes laid on the slope top, and then uniformly filling the broken stones into the earthwork standard chambers with the drainage holes on the slope top, wherein the thickness of the filled broken stones is consistent with the height of the standard chambers, so that a drainage heat-insulation layer is formed;
(7) laying a first geotextile layer: laying geotextile on the upper part of the laid drainage heat insulation layer to prevent fine materials from being brought into the drainage heat insulation layer to block pores to influence drainage, and forming a first geotextile layer;
(8) laying geocells in the drainage layer: paving the geocell with the drainage hole according to the requirement of the step (5) (the pore diameter of the drainage hole is 1cm, the porosity is 50%), and the size of the geocell is 20cm (H)1) The welding distance is 60cm, and the earthwork standard chamber is staggered with the lower layer earthwork standard chamber with the drainage hole and paved by 15 cm;
(9) spreading gravel soil: and (5) paving the gravel soil according to the requirements of the step (6), wherein the maximum particle size of the gravel soil is not more than 5cm, and forming a drainage layer.
(10) Ecological bag ploughing, planting and paving: placing ecological bag cultivation soil on the upper part of the laid drainage layer, wherein the size of the ecological bag is 115cm multiplied by 50cm, the horizontal plane of the ecological bag is inclined by 5% towards the inner direction of the slope, the ecological bags are transversely overlapped by 15cm when being stacked, the tail of the longitudinal ecological bag is connected with the head of the ecological bag but not overlapped, the ecological bag cultivation soil is 30cm thick, grass seeds are arranged in the ecological bag, and the grass cultivation greening side slope is formed.
According to the embodiment, the invention provides an expansive soil cut slope prevention and control structure and a construction method thereof, which are suitable for prevention and control of an expansive soil slope, on one hand, the outmost ecological bag cultivated soil can effectively protect the slope from rainfall and flowing water scouring, most of rainfall permeates a geocell layer (namely a drainage layer) filled with gravel soil and then is discharged through the layer, and redundant rainwater is rapidly discharged into a longitudinal infiltration ditch through a gravel drainage and heat insulation layer and is discharged, so that the slope is prevented from being influenced by rainfall; meanwhile, the gravel drainage heat-insulation layer can also discharge crack water in the slope body, so that the stability of the slope body under the action of dry-wet circulation can be ensured, the overbreak width is small, the manufacturing cost is low, the mechanization degree is high, and the construction is simple.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An expansive soil road cutting slope control structure is characterized in that the slope surface and the top of the slope comprise a bagged cultivation soil layer, a drainage layer, a first geotechnical cloth layer and a drainage heat insulation layer which are sequentially stacked; a longitudinal infiltration ditch is arranged at the toe of the side slope and is communicated with the drainage heat-insulating layer;
the drainage heat insulation layer positioned at the top of the side slope is contacted with the expansive soil at the top of the slope through two films; the drainage heat-insulating layer positioned on the slope surface of the side slope is in contact with expansive soil of the slope surface through a second geotextile layer;
the drainage layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels filled in the geocells;
the drainage and heat insulation layer comprises a plurality of geocells and gravels and/or cloud concrete stones filled in the geocells; the particle size of the broken stone and/or the cloud concrete stone in the heat-extraction heat-insulation layer is 15-20 mm;
and the side walls of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage heat insulation layer are provided with drain holes.
2. The expansive soil cutting slope control structure according to claim 1, wherein the slope rate of the slope is below 1: 1.5.
3. The expansive soil cutting slope control structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the water drainage layer and the thickness of the water drainage and heat insulation layer are 20-30 cm independently.
4. The expansive soil trench slope control structure according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the maximum particle size of the crushed soil in the drainage layer is less than 5 cm.
5. The expansive soil cut slope control structure according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the geocell of the drainage layer and the drainage and insulation layer is 40 to 50% independently, and the pore diameter of the drainage hole is 0.8 to 1.2cm independently.
6. The expansive soil moat slope control structure of claim 1 or 5, wherein welding torches of geocells of the drainage layer and the drainage and thermal insulation layer are 50-60 cm independently; the geocell in the drainage layer and the geocell in the drainage heat-insulating layer are staggered by 10-16 cm.
7. The expansive soil cutting slope control structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the bagged cultivation soil layer is more than 20 cm.
8. The expansive soil road cutting slope control structure as claimed in claim 1 or 7, wherein the transverse overlapping of the bags in the bagged cultivation soil layer is 10-15 cm, and the longitudinal bag tail is connected with the bag head but not overlapped.
9. The expansive soil cutting slope control structure according to claim 1, wherein the slope rate of the top of the slope is 3-5%.
10. The construction method of the expansive soil cutting slope control structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
excavating a side slope on the basis of the original expansive soil cutting slope foundation;
excavating a longitudinal seepage ditch at the toe of the side slope;
laying two cloth films at the top of the side slope;
laying a second geotextile on the slope surface of the side slope to form a second geotextile layer;
laying geocell on the surfaces of the two first cloth membranes and the second geotextile layer, filling broken stone and/or cloud concrete stone into the geocell, and forming a drainage and heat insulation layer on the top of the slope and the slope surface;
laying a first geotextile on the surface of the drainage heat-insulating layer to form a first geotextile layer;
laying a geocell on the surface of the first geotextile layer, and filling gravels into the geocell to form a drainage layer;
and paving bagged cultivation soil on the surface of the drainage layer to form a bagged cultivation soil layer, so as to obtain the expansive soil road cutting slope prevention and control structure.
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| CN111576451B (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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