CN111576329A - Device for simulating tidal environmental pollutant migration - Google Patents
Device for simulating tidal environmental pollutant migration Download PDFInfo
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- CN111576329A CN111576329A CN202010440438.7A CN202010440438A CN111576329A CN 111576329 A CN111576329 A CN 111576329A CN 202010440438 A CN202010440438 A CN 202010440438A CN 111576329 A CN111576329 A CN 111576329A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for simulating the migration of pollutants in a tidal environment, which belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering and comprises a frame, a simulation device and a control device, wherein the frame comprises a supporting mechanism connected with a leveling mechanism and lighting equipment; the simulation device comprises a water pump which conveys water in the reservoir to the simulation box through a pipeline; the simulation box is positioned on the simulation box adjusting mechanism; the simulation box adjusting mechanism adopts the combination of a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism to realize the linkage of the simulation box in the transverse direction and the inclined direction. The problems that tide simulation influence factors and simulation environments are single, complex motions with wind waves and water flow impact cannot be carried out, migration and diffusion of pollutants are influenced, and pressure of a water layer contacted by polluted soil in a water flow impact process and pollutant release are different from those of a real environment are solved. The device structure safe and reliable, be suitable for multiple simulation environment, the degree of accuracy is higher, simple operation, experiment loss are low, satisfy scientific research experimental demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, and particularly relates to a device for simulating tidal environmental pollutant migration.
Background
The impact of tidal estuary regions on marine environmental capacity due to the complexity of hydrodynamic conditions and the resulting complexity of pollutant transport characteristics has been a research hotspot in the field of water resource conservation. However, the real sea experiment is greatly influenced by natural uncontrollable factors, the experiment cost is high, the period is long, and the experiment cannot be observed in time, so that a model is needed for simulating the migration and diffusion process of pollutants in the tidal river channel by repeating the tidal phenomenon. The model is beneficial to developing the research of influencing the mechanism of the water body pollutants to improve the water quality of water, biological culture and seaport river channels by researching the pollutant carrying capacity of the river water body and the dissolution-deposition condition of the pollutants.
In the device and the method for simulating pollutant migration of the tidal reciprocating flow river channel and saline water upward tracing, the CN104264622B patent only can simulate characteristics of tidal reciprocating flow water flow of the estuary river channel under the conditions of different upstream discharge flow rates and different downstream tidal flow rates and water levels, and takes less influence factors of other environments into consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for simulating pollutant migration in a tidal environment, which can control multiple influence factors of illumination, water temperature, salinity and water flow to finish the simulation of fluctuation of tide, inflow of fresh water and pollutant migration and diffusion when a coastal river mouth receives upstream fresh water under different conditions. The problems that in the prior art, tide simulation influence factors and simulation environments are single, complex motions with wind waves and water flow impact cannot be carried out to influence migration and diffusion of pollutants, and the pressure of a water layer contacted by polluted soil in a simulation box in the water flow impact process and the separation process of the pollutants are different from those of a real environment are solved, the structure is safe and reliable, and the detection accuracy is higher.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a device for simulating the migration of tidal environmental pollutants comprises a frame, a simulation device and a control device, wherein the frame comprises a square supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism consists of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of bottom plates which are parallel to each other and connecting columns or connecting plates between the adjacent bottom plates, a lower part of the supporting mechanism is connected with a lower foot leveling mechanism for leveling, and the lower surface of the upper layer of the bottom plate is connected with lighting equipment for adjusting illumination; the simulation device comprises a water pump, the water pump is positioned on a lower-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism and is used for conveying water in the water storage tank to the simulation box through a pipeline; the simulation box comprises a box body placed on the simulation box adjusting mechanism, the box body is a square container which is provided with an upper opening and is injected with scales along the length, width and height directions, and a movable resistivity probe adjusting mechanism is connected above the box body; and the simulation box adjusting mechanism is positioned on the middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism, and the transverse and inclined direction linkage of the simulation box is realized by combining a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism.
The invention adopts the upper and lower layered frames as the supporting main body, is suitable for different ground surfaces, has safe and reliable structure, small occupied area and convenient manual operation. The simulation device utilizes the water pump and the action of water gravity to realize the fluctuation of water in the simulation box, finishes the scouring of polluted soil and the circulation of seawater after the scouring is finished, can control multiple influence factors of illumination, water temperature and salinity to finish the fluctuation of tide and the inflow of fresh water under different conditions and the simulation of the migration and diffusion of pollutants when the coastal estuary receives upstream fresh water, simulates the release process of the pollutants in the soil-water system under different hydrodynamic and static environments, and can finish the real-time sampling detection of the soil-water under different conditions and different depths. The simulation box adjusting mechanism adopts the combination of a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism to realize the linkage of the horizontal direction and the inclined direction of the simulation box to simulate the tidal flat fluctuation, can simulate the complex movement of tide influenced by wind and waves and the self impact force, is positioned at the horizontal position in the process of being impacted by water flow, has different water layer pressures and pollutant separation processes when the polluted soil in the simulation box is contacted with the water layer, is closer to the real environment, and is favorable for accurately monitoring the dissolution-deposition of pollutants in the polluted soil. The device integration degree is high, more is close true simulation environment and helps obtaining accurate experimental data, is suitable for multiple simulation environment, simple operation, experiment loss are low, satisfies scientific research experimental demand.
Preferably, one side wall of the box body is connected with a first water inlet, and a first water intake and a sensor are arranged on the surface where the first water inlet is located or the adjacent side surface of the first water inlet; the sensor is used for detecting the temperature or salinity of the water; the outer wall of one side of the water inlet is connected with a scouring mechanism which is parallel to the upper surface of the water inlet and has a wedge-shaped section, the scouring mechanism has the same length with the connecting surface, the conical surface faces downwards, and water flow can overflow into the box body along the connecting side of the scouring mechanism and the box body to form waterfall flow; a salt melting pool communicated with the water inlet I is attached to the inner wall of the box body; the side of the box body, which is far away from the water inlet, is provided with polluted soil distributed in a slope or step manner, and the slope faces the water inlet I.
The box body comprises a water inlet I, a water intake I and a sensor, and can be used for water inlet and outlet and water temperature or salinity detection; the water flow in the wedge-shaped scouring mechanism connected with the outer wall of the box body can overflow into the box body along the connecting side of the box body to form waterfall flow simulation water flow with adjustable flow, so that polluted soil distributed in the box body is impacted by uniform water flow, and the overflow mode is favorable for avoiding impacting the polluted soil to form a groove to influence the flow direction of the water flow and release pollutants; the spiral tube-shaped salt melting tank communicated with the water inlet I is arranged in the box body, the salt melting simulation seawater can be directly impacted by the inflow water flow, and the seawater melting simulation device is unpowered, simple in structure and high in melting efficiency.
Preferably, the salt melting pond is of an unpowered spiral tubular structure, and a hopper is connected to the upper part of the unpowered spiral tubular structure. The salt in the hopper can be spirally accelerated to melt and dissolve simulated seawater under the impact of inflow water flow, and the device is unpowered, simple in structure and high in melting efficiency.
Preferably, the pipeline comprises a T-shaped or Y-shaped pipe I, one end of the T-shaped or Y-shaped pipe I is connected with the water outlet of the water pump; a branch pipe connecting the first pipe and the water pump is provided with a flowmeter for controlling water flow; the other two branch pipes of the first pipe are respectively connected with the first water inlet through a second pipe and connected with the conical surface of the scouring mechanism through a third pipe, and the on-off of the water flow of the two branch pipes is switched by a valve; the second pipe and the third pipe are flexible hoses; a heater for adjusting the water temperature is connected between the second pipe and the first water inlet.
The pipeline adopts a multi-path branch and a flowmeter to control water flow and water flow on-off to complete the pollutant migration simulation when seawater and fresh water flow in and the coastal estuary receive upstream fresh water, and simulate the pollutant release process in an earth-water system under different hydrodynamic and static environments. The second pipe and the third pipe are flexible hoses which are used for adapting to the transverse and oblique movements of the simulation box; and the heater connected between the second pipe and the first water inlet is used for adjusting the release amount of pollutants at different temperatures in a water temperature test.
Preferably, the simulation device further comprises a filtering mechanism which is positioned on the lower surface of the middle layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism and is used for filtering and draining water, and the filtering mechanism comprises a built-in check valve for controlling the on-off of water flow and a pipe IV communicated with the bottom surface of the box body; the fourth tube is a flexible hose.
The filter can prevent the polluted soil from dispersing into the water storage tank under the scouring action, so that the polluted soil is prevented from losing and is easy to clean; the one-way valve is used for controlling the on-off of water flow, when the simulation box is opened, the simulation box is automatically discharged into the water storage tank by utilizing the gravity of water for cyclic utilization, and the flexible pipe can adapt to the transverse and inclined motion of the simulation box.
Preferably, the resistivity probe adjusting mechanism comprises a T-shaped mounting plate I; a multidirectional adjusting mechanism is vertically arranged between two opposite sides of the mounting plate I, and the mounting plate I is detachably fixed on the outer walls of the two opposite sides of the box body; the multidirectional adjusting mechanism is a cross-connected screw nut mechanism, and the lower side of a screw, which is vertical to the bottom surface of the box body, of the multidirectional adjusting mechanism is connected with a probe parallel to the axis of the multidirectional adjusting mechanism through a rectangular mounting plate II; the probes are at least one resistivity probe.
The probes on the resistivity probe adjusting mechanism can be adjusted along the adjusting scales in the length direction, the width direction and the height direction of the box body, then the resistivity probes are fixed on the box body to carry out soil property detection at different positions, the probes are convenient to position, and the probes are kept static relative to the box body when the simulation box adjusting mechanism moves. A plurality of resistivity probes can be installed at the same time, and the measurement result is more accurate.
Preferably, the probe can be adjusted along the length, width and height directions of the box body.
Preferably, the simulation box adjusting mechanism comprises a rectangular bearing plate with a limiting groove attached to the bottom surface and the side wall of the box body; one side of the middle position of the bottom surface of the bearing plate, which is close to the water inlet, is connected with a hinge seat, and one side of the bearing plate, which is far away from the water inlet, is connected with an L-shaped limiting plate; the bottom surface of the bearing plate also comprises a through hole for the pipe IV to pass through; the simulation box adjusting mechanism also comprises a cam mechanism, a third mounting seat and a transverse moving mechanism; the transverse moving mechanism is a guide rail sliding block mechanism, a sliding block of the transverse moving mechanism is fixed on a middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism, and a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat are vertically arranged on the upper surface of a guide rail of the transverse moving mechanism; the first mounting seat is hinged with the hinge seat; the mounting seat III is vertically fixed on the middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism, and the free end of the mounting seat III is connected with a cam mechanism driven by a motor.
The bottom surface of the box body is located in the groove of the bearing plate for limiting, the simulation box adjusting mechanism adopts the cam mechanism and the sine mechanism to realize the transverse and inclined direction linkage simulation tidal flat fluctuation of the simulation box, can simulate the complex motion of the tide influenced by the wind and the self impact force, and can simulate the difference of the water layer pressure and the pollutant precipitation process of the horizontal position polluted soil contact of the simulation box in the water flow impact process, so that the simulation box is closer to the real environment and is beneficial to accurately monitoring the pollutant release in the polluted soil.
Preferably, the cam mechanism is in triple eccentric connection with the mounting seat, and the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the transverse moving mechanism; the curve profile of the cam mechanism is simultaneously contacted with the limiting plate and the bottom surface of the bearing plate, and one end surface of the cam mechanism is also eccentrically connected with a pin shaft which is in sliding connection with the second mounting seat; the cam mechanism can drive the bearing plate to be at the horizontal lower limit position.
The cam mechanism drives the box body positioned on the bearing plate to realize the simulation of tide fluctuation of tilting motion, and the transverse moving mechanism drives the box body positioned on the bearing plate to vibrate and simulate wind waves at the same time, so that the simulation of complex environment is realized. When the tide rising or the tide falling is simulated, the cam mechanism can drive the bearing plate to descend to the lower horizontal limit position from the inclined position or ascend to the inclined position from the lower horizontal limit position to wash the polluted soil, so that pollutants in the polluted soil are separated out, the polluted soil is closer to a real environment, and the release of the pollutants in the polluted soil is favorably and accurately monitored. Meanwhile, the water level cannot be excessively high in the oscillation process to swing out of the box body, so that the environment and the equipment performance are influenced.
Preferably, the control device comprises a controller and an operating platform which are connected through cables, the controller is an industrial personal computer which is positioned on a bottom plate of the lower layer of the supporting mechanism and is surrounded and shielded by an L-shaped plate-shaped shell to prevent water, and the operating platform is computer equipment. The controller is arranged on the lower bottom plate of the supporting mechanism and is surrounded and blocked by the L-shaped plate-shaped shell to be waterproof, so that the controller is not easy to break down, convenient to maintain and long in service life.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a frame layered up and down as a supporting main body of the simulation device, the simulation device utilizes the water pump and the water gravity to realize the fluctuation of water in the simulation box, finishes the scouring of polluted soil and the circulation of the seawater after the scouring is finished, can control the influence factors of illumination, water temperature, salinity and water flow to finish the simulation of the migration and diffusion of pollutants when seawater and fresh water flow into the coastal estuary and the reception of upstream fresh water under different conditions, can finish the real-time detection of the pollutants in the soil-water system under different conditions and different depths under different hydrodynamic forces and static environments, and solves the problem of single tide simulation influence factor and simulation environment in the prior art. The simulation box adjusting mechanism adopts the combination of the cam mechanism and the sine mechanism to realize the linkage of the horizontal direction and the inclined direction of the simulation box to simulate the tidal flat fluctuation, solves the problems that the complex motion with wind waves and water flow impact cannot be carried out in the prior art to influence the migration and diffusion of pollutants, and the water layer pressure contacted by polluted soil in the simulation box in the water flow impact process and the pollutant precipitation process are different from the real environment, and is favorable for the diffusion of pollutants in a water body. The device structure safe and reliable, area are little, the simple operation, more are close true simulation environment and obtain accurate data, are suitable for multiple simulation environment, and the experiment loss is low, satisfies scientific research experimental demand.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the frame structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left or right side view of the resistivity probe adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the resistivity probe adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the horizontal position of the adjustment mechanism of the simulation box of the present invention;
figure 7 is a front view of the simulated bin adjustment mechanism of the present invention in an inclined position.
Description of reference numerals: a frame 1; a simulation device 2; a control device 3; a support mechanism 11; a leveling mechanism 12; an illumination device 13; a housing 14; a reservoir 21; a water pump 22; a conduit 23; a simulation box 24; a simulation box adjusting mechanism 25; a filter mechanism 26; a first tube 231; a flow meter 232; a valve 233; a second tube 234; tube three 235; a heater 236; a case 241; a molten salt pond 242; resistivity probe adjustment mechanism 243; contaminated soil 244; a first water inlet 241 a; a first water intake 241 b; a flushing mechanism 241 c; a sensor 241 d; mounting plate one 243 a; a multidirectional adjustment mechanism 243 b; mounting plate two 243 c; the probe 243 d; a carrier plate 251; a first mounting seat 252; a second mounting seat 253; a lateral movement mechanism 254; a cam mechanism 255; mount three 256; the through hole 251 a; a hinge base 251 b; a limit plate 251 c; a check valve 261; tube four 262; a controller 31; an operator station 32.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples and figures:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-7, a device for simulating the migration of pollutants in a tidal environment comprises a frame 1, a simulation device 2 and a control device 3, wherein the frame 1 comprises a square supporting mechanism 11, the supporting mechanism 11 consists of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of mutually parallel bottom plates and connecting upright posts or connecting plates between the adjacent bottom plates, a lower foot leveling mechanism 12 for leveling is connected below the supporting mechanism, and a lighting device 13 for adjusting illumination is connected on the lower surface of the upper layer of the bottom plate; the simulation device 2 comprises a water pump 22, the water pump 22 is positioned on the lower floor of the supporting mechanism 11 and is used for conveying water in the reservoir 21 to a simulation box 24 through a pipeline 23; the simulation box 24 comprises a box body 241 placed on the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25, the box body 241 is a square container which is provided with an upper opening and is injected with scales along the length, width and height directions, and a movable resistivity probe adjusting mechanism 243 is connected above the box body 241; and the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 is positioned on the middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism 11, and realizes the linkage of the simulation box 24 in the transverse direction and the inclined direction by adopting the combination of a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism.
The invention adopts the frame 1 which is layered up and down as the support main body, is suitable for different ground surfaces, has safe and reliable structure, small occupied area and convenient manual operation. The simulator 2 realizes the fluctuation of water in the simulation box 24 by using the water pump and the action of water gravity, finishes the scouring of polluted soil and the circulation of seawater after the scouring is finished, can control multiple influence factors of illumination, water temperature and salinity to finish the fluctuation of tide, the inflow of fresh water and the migration and diffusion simulation of pollutants at the coastal estuary in the process of receiving upstream fresh water under different conditions, simulates the release process of the pollutants in a soil-water system under different hydrodynamic and static environments, and can finish the real-time sampling detection of soil-water under different conditions and different depths. The simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 adopts a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism to realize linkage of the horizontal direction and the inclined direction of the simulation box 24 to simulate tidal flat fluctuation, can simulate the complex movement of tide influenced by wind and waves and self impact force, has different water layer pressures and pollutant separation processes when the simulation box 24 is in a horizontal position in the water flow impact process, and is closer to a real environment, thereby being beneficial to accurately monitoring the dissolution-deposition of pollutants in the polluted soil 244. The device integration degree is high, more is close true simulation environment and helps obtaining accurate experimental data, is suitable for multiple simulation environment, simple operation, experiment loss are low, satisfies scientific research experimental demand.
A first water inlet 241a is connected to one side wall of the box body 241, and a first water intake 241b and a sensor 241d are arranged on the surface of the first water inlet 241a or the adjacent side surface thereof; the sensor 241d is used for detecting the temperature or salinity of the water; the outer wall of the opposite side of the first water inlet 241a is connected with a washing mechanism 241c which is parallel to the upper surface of the first water inlet 241a and has a wedge-shaped section, the washing mechanism 241c has the same length as the connecting surface and a downward conical surface, and water flow can overflow into the box body 241 along the connecting side of the washing mechanism 241c and the box body 241 to form waterfall flow; a salt melting pool 242 communicated with the first water inlet 241a is attached to the inner wall of the box body 241; the side of the box body 241 far away from the first water inlet 241a is provided with polluted soil 244 distributed in a slope manner, and the slope faces the first water inlet 241 a.
The box body 241 comprises a water inlet I241 a, a water intake I241 b and a sensor 241d, and can carry out water inlet and outlet and water temperature or salinity detection; the water flow in the wedge-shaped scouring mechanism 241c connected with the outer wall of the box body 241 can overflow into the box body 241 along the connecting side of the box body 241 to form waterfall flow simulation water flow with adjustable flow, so that the polluted soil 244 distributed in the box body 241 is impacted by uniform water flow, and the overflow mode is favorable for avoiding impacting the polluted soil 244 to form a groove to influence the flow direction of the water flow and release pollutants; the spiral-tube-shaped salt melting tank 242 communicated with the first water inlet 241a is arranged in the box body 241, the salt melting can be directly impacted by the inflow water flow to simulate seawater, and the seawater salt melting tank is unpowered, simple in structure and high in melting efficiency.
The molten salt tank 242 is an unpowered spiral tubular structure with a hopper connected above. The salt in the hopper can be spirally accelerated to melt and dissolve simulated seawater under the impact of inflow water flow, and the device is unpowered, simple in structure and high in melting efficiency.
The pipeline 23 comprises a T-shaped pipe 231 with one end connected with the water outlet of the water pump 22; a flowmeter 232 for controlling water flow is arranged on a branch pipe connecting the first pipe 231 with the water pump 22; the other two branch pipes of the first pipe 231 are respectively connected with the first water inlet 241a through the second pipe 234 and connected with the conical surface of the scouring mechanism 241c through the third pipe 235, and the on-off of the water flow of the two branch pipes is switched by a valve 233; the second pipe 234 and the third pipe 235 are flexible hoses; a heater 236 for adjusting the water temperature is connected between the second pipe 234 and the first water inlet 241 a.
The pipeline 23 adopts a multi-way branch and a flowmeter 232 to control the water flow and the on-off of the water flow so as to complete the simulation of the migration of pollutants when seawater and fresh water flow in and the coastal estuaries receive upstream fresh water and simulate the release process of the pollutants in the soil-water system under different hydrodynamic and static environments. Tube two 234 and tube three 235 are flexible hoses for accommodating lateral and tilt movements of the simulation box 24; and the heater 236 connected between the second pipe 234 and the first water inlet 241a is used for adjusting the release amount of pollutants at different temperatures in the water temperature test.
The simulation device 2 further comprises a filtering mechanism 26 which is positioned on the lower surface of the middle layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism 11 and is used for filtering and draining water, wherein the filtering mechanism 26 comprises a built-in one-way valve 261 for controlling the on-off of water flow and a pipe four 262 communicated with the bottom surface of the box body 241; tube four 262 is a flexible hose.
The filter can prevent the polluted soil 244 from dispersing into the water storage tank under the scouring action, so that the polluted soil is prevented from losing and is easy to clean; the check valve 261 is used for controlling the on-off of water flow, when the check valve is opened, the water flow is automatically discharged into the reservoir 21 by the gravity for recycling, and the bendable pipe 262 can adapt to the transverse and inclined movement of the simulation box 24.
The resistivity probe adjustment mechanism 243 includes a "T" shaped mounting plate one 243 a; a multidirectional adjusting mechanism 243b is vertically arranged between two opposite sides of the first mounting plate 243a, and two pairs of side plates of the first mounting plate 243a are adjusted to tightly push against the outer walls of two pairs of sides of the box body 241 through set screws for fixing; the multi-direction adjusting mechanism 243b is a screw-nut mechanism which is connected in a cross way, two screws are respectively adjusted through handles which are coaxially connected, and the lower side of the screw which is vertical to the bottom surface of the box body 241 is connected with a probe 243d which is parallel to the axis of the screw through a rectangular mounting plate II 243 c; probe 243d is a resistivity probe.
The probe 243d on the resistivity probe adjusting mechanism 243 can be adjusted along the adjusting scales in the length direction, the width direction and the height direction of the box body 241, and then the resistivity probe is fixed to detect the soil quality of different positions on the box body 241, so that the probe 243d is convenient to position, and the probe 243d is kept static relative to the box body 241 when the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 moves.
The probe 243d is adjustable along the length, width and height of the case 241.
The simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 comprises a rectangular bearing plate 251 with a limiting groove attached to the bottom surface and the side wall of the box body 241; a hinge seat 251b is connected to the side, close to the first water inlet 241a, of the middle position of the bottom surface of the bearing plate 251, and an L-shaped limiting plate 251c is connected to the side, far away from the first water inlet 241a, of the bottom surface of the bearing plate 251; the bottom surface of the carrier plate 251 further includes a through hole 251a for passing the tube four 262; the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 further comprises a cam mechanism 255, a mounting seat III 256 and a transverse moving mechanism 254; the transverse moving mechanism 254 is a guide rail sliding block mechanism, a sliding block of the transverse moving mechanism is fixed on a middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism 11, and a first mounting seat 252 and a second mounting seat 253 are vertically arranged on the upper surface of a guide rail of the transverse moving mechanism; the first mounting seat 252 is hinged with the hinge seat 251 b; the third mounting seat 256 is vertically fixed on the middle floor of the supporting mechanism 11, and the free end thereof is connected with a cam mechanism 255 driven by a motor.
The bottom surface of the box body 241 is located in the groove of the bearing plate 251 for limiting, the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 adopts the combination of the cam mechanism and the sine mechanism to realize the linkage of the horizontal direction and the inclined direction of the simulation box 24 to simulate the tidal flat fluctuation, can simulate the complex movement of the tide influenced by the wind and the wave and the self impact force, and has different water layer pressure and pollutant precipitation processes when the horizontal position polluted soil 244 at the simulation box 24 is contacted in the water flow impact process, is more close to the real environment, and is favorable for accurately monitoring the pollutant release in the polluted soil 244.
The cam mechanism 255 is eccentrically connected with the mounting seat III 256, and the rotating shaft is vertical to the transverse moving mechanism 254; the cam mechanism 255 is a triangular cam with a symmetrical structure, the curve profile of the cam mechanism is simultaneously contacted with the limiting plate 251c and the bottom surface of the bearing plate 251, the end surface of the cam mechanism 255 far away from the third mounting seat 256 is also eccentrically connected with a pin shaft in sliding connection with the second mounting seat 253, and the pin shaft is not superposed with the rotating shaft of the cam mechanism 255; the cam mechanism 255 serves as a driving wheel to drive the horizontal lower limit position of the bearing plate 251.
The cam mechanism 255 drives the box 241 on the bearing plate 251 to simulate the tide fluctuation by the tilting motion, and the transverse moving mechanism 254 drives the box 241 on the bearing plate 251 to vibrate and simulate the storm by the transverse motion, so as to realize the simulation of complex environment. When the tide rising or the tide falling is simulated, the cam mechanism 255 can drive the bearing plate 251 to descend to the lower horizontal limit position from the inclined position or ascend to the inclined position from the lower horizontal limit position to wash the polluted soil 244, so that the pollutants in the polluted soil 244 are separated out, the environment is closer to the real environment, and the release of the pollutants in the polluted soil 244 can be accurately monitored. Meanwhile, the water level cannot be excessively high in the oscillation process to be oscillated out of the tank body 241, so that the environment and the equipment performance are influenced.
The control device 3 comprises a controller 31 and an operation console 32 which are connected by a cable, the controller 31 is an industrial personal computer which is positioned on a lower bottom plate of the supporting mechanism 11 and is surrounded and shielded by the L-shaped plate-shaped shell 14 to prevent water, and the operation console 32 is computer equipment. The controller 31 is located on the bottom plate of the lower layer of the supporting mechanism 11 and is surrounded and blocked by the L-shaped plate-shaped shell 14 to be waterproof, so that the fault is not easy to occur, the maintenance is convenient, and the service life is long.
Example 2:
when the device for simulating the migration of the tidal environmental pollutants is actually used, after specified illumination and water temperature are adjusted, water is injected into the reservoir 21, and the water in the reservoir 21 is conveyed into the simulation tank 24 through the pipeline 23 by the water pump 22.
When tide simulation is carried out, the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 is adjusted to incline, salt with required quality is placed into a hopper of the salt melting pool 242 according to water flow and salinity requirements, the valve 233 is switched to enable the water inlet I241 a to be communicated with water, the flushing mechanism 241c cuts off water, the salt in the salt melting pool 242 is rapidly melted along the spiral pipe under the impact of water flow, the valve 233 is closed when the specified water flow is reached, the simulation box 24 is driven by the adjusting cam mechanism 255 to descend from the inclined position to the lower horizontal limit position to complete flood tide and ascend from the lower horizontal limit position to the inclined position to complete ebb tide to carry out reciprocating flushing on the polluted soil 244, and pollutants in the polluted soil 244 are separated out and are diffused under the action of the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25; taking a water sample or collecting data of the resistivity probe for detection and recording, opening the filtering mechanism 26 after the detection and recording, draining water to the reservoir 21, and directly draining the water from the reservoir 21 or recycling the water to repeat the operation.
When fresh water static simulation is carried out, the level of the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 is adjusted, the valve 233 is switched to enable the water inlet 241a to cut off water, the flushing mechanism 241c is powered on, water can overflow into the box 241 along the connecting side of the water and the box 241 to form waterfall flow to flush the polluted soil 244, then the water flows downwards along the polluted soil 244 under the action of gravity, the valve 233 is closed when the specified water flow is reached, water sampling or resistivity probe data acquisition is carried out for detection and recording, after the detection and recording, the filtering mechanism 26 is opened to drain water to the reservoir 21, and the operation is directly discharged or recycled by the reservoir 21 to repeat the operation.
When the static simulation of accepting upstream fresh water at the coastal river mouth is carried out, the level of the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 is adjusted, salt with required quality is placed in a hopper of the salt melting pool 242 according to the water flow and salinity requirements, the valve 233 is switched to enable the water inlet 241a to be filled with water, the salt in the salt melting pool 242 is rapidly melted along the spiral pipe under the impact of water flow, when the water flow reaches the specified water flow, the valve 233 is switched to enable the scouring mechanism 241c to be filled with water, the water flow of the scouring mechanism 241c can overflow into the box 241 along the connecting side of the scouring mechanism 241c and form waterfall flow scouring polluted soil 244, then the polluted soil flows downwards along the polluted soil 244 under the action of gravity and is merged with the seawater below, when the specified water flow is reached, the valve 233 is closed, water samples or resistivity probe data are collected for detection and recording, after the detection and the data.
When the coastal estuary receives upstream fresh water and carries out tide or surge simulation, the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 is adjusted to incline, salt with required quality is placed in a hopper of the salt melting pool 242 according to water flow and salinity requirements, the valve 233 is switched to enable the water inlet 241a and the scouring mechanism 241c to be communicated with water, the salt in the salt melting pool 242 is rapidly melted along a spiral pipe under the impact of water flow, the water flow of the scouring mechanism 241c can overflow into the box 241 along the connecting side of the scouring mechanism 241c and form waterfall flow scouring polluted soil 244 and then flows downwards along the polluted soil 244 under the action of gravity, meanwhile, the cam mechanism 255 is adjusted to drive the simulation box 24 to descend from the inclined position to the horizontal lower limit position to complete flood tide and ascend from the horizontal lower limit position to the inclined position to complete flood tide withdrawal to complete reciprocating scouring of the polluted soil 244, so that pollutants in the polluted soil 244 are separated out and are diffused under the action of the simulation box adjusting mechanism 25 at the same time, and, and (3) taking a water sample or collecting data of the resistivity probe for detection and recording, opening the filtering mechanism 26 after the detection and recording is finished, draining water to the reservoir 21, and discharging the water from the reservoir 21.
In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Conventional techniques in the above embodiments are known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, will not be described in detail herein.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A device for simulating the migration of environmental pollutants by tides, comprising a frame (1), a simulation device (2) and a control device (3), characterized in that:
the frame (1) comprises a square supporting mechanism (11), the supporting mechanism (11) consists of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer of mutually parallel bottom plates and connecting upright posts or connecting plates between adjacent bottom plates, a lower part of the supporting mechanism is connected with a lower foot leveling mechanism (12) for leveling, and the lower surface of the upper layer of the bottom plate is connected with a lighting device (13) for adjusting illumination;
the simulation device (2) comprises a water pump (22), wherein the water pump (22) is positioned on a lower floor of the supporting mechanism (11) and is used for conveying water in the reservoir (21) to a simulation box (24) through a pipeline (23);
the simulation box (24) comprises a box body (241) placed on the simulation box adjusting mechanism (25), the box body (241) is a square container which is provided with an upper opening and is injected with scales along the length, width and height directions, and a movable resistivity probe adjusting mechanism (243) is connected above the box body (241);
the simulation box adjusting mechanism (25) is positioned on the middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism (11), and the transverse and inclined directions of the simulation box (24) are linked by combining a cam mechanism and a sine mechanism.
2. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 1, wherein: a first water inlet (241 a) is connected to one side wall of the box body (241), and a first water intake (241 b) and a sensor (241 d) are arranged on the surface of the first water inlet (241 a) or the adjacent side surface of the first water inlet (241 a); the sensor (241 d) is used for detecting the temperature or salinity of the water; the outer wall of the opposite side of the first water inlet (241 a) is connected with a flushing mechanism (241 c) which is parallel to the upper surface of the first water inlet and has a wedge-shaped cross section, the flushing mechanism (241 c) is equal to the connecting surface in length, the conical surface faces downwards, and water flow can overflow into the box body (241) along the connecting side of the flushing mechanism (241 c) and the box body (241) to form waterfall flow; a salt melting pool (242) communicated with the first water inlet (241 a) is attached to the inner wall of the box body (241); the side of the box body (241) far away from the first water inlet (241 a) is provided with polluted soil (244) distributed in a slope manner or a step manner, and the slope faces the first water inlet (241 a).
3. An apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment according to claim 2, wherein: the salt melting tank (242) is of an unpowered spiral tubular structure, and a hopper is connected to the upper portion of the salt melting tank.
4. An apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pipeline (23) comprises a T-shaped or Y-shaped pipe I (231) of which one end is connected with the water outlet of the water pump (22); a branch pipe connecting the first pipe (231) with the water pump (22) is provided with a flow meter (232) for controlling water flow; the other two branch pipes of the first pipe (231) are respectively connected with the first water inlet (241 a) through a second pipe (234) and connected with the conical surface of the flushing mechanism (241 c) through a third pipe (235), and the on-off of the water flow of the two branch pipes is switched by a valve (233); the second pipe (234) and the third pipe (235) are flexible hoses; a heater (236) for adjusting the water temperature is connected between the second pipe (234) and the first water inlet (241 a).
5. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 1, wherein: the simulation device (2) further comprises a filtering mechanism (26) which is positioned on the lower surface of the middle layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism (11) and used for filtering and draining water, wherein the filtering mechanism (26) comprises a built-in one-way valve (261) for controlling the on-off of water flow and a pipe IV (262) communicated with the bottom surface of the box body (241); the fourth tube (262) is a flexible hose.
6. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 1, wherein: the resistivity probe adjusting mechanism (243) comprises a T-shaped mounting plate I (243 a); a multidirectional adjusting mechanism (243 b) is vertically arranged between two opposite sides of the first mounting plate (243 a), and the first mounting plate (243 a) is detachably fixed on the outer walls of the two opposite sides of the box body (241); the multi-direction adjusting mechanism (243 b) is a cross-connected screw and nut mechanism, and a probe (243 d) parallel to the axis of the screw is connected to the lower side of the screw, which is vertical to the bottom surface of the box body (241), through a rectangular mounting plate II (243 c); the probes (243 d) are at least one resistivity probe.
7. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 6, wherein: the probe (243 d) can be adjusted along the length direction, the width direction and the height direction of the box body (241).
8. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 1, wherein: the simulation box adjusting mechanism (25) comprises a rectangular bearing plate (251) with a limiting groove attached to the bottom surface and the side wall of the box body (241); a hinge seat (251 b) is connected to the side, close to the water inlet I (241 a), of the central position of the bottom surface of the bearing plate (251), and an L-shaped limiting plate (251 c) is connected to the side, far away from the water inlet I (241 a); the bottom surface of the bearing plate (251) further comprises a through hole (251 a) for the pipe four (262) to pass through; the simulation box adjusting mechanism (25) further comprises a cam mechanism (255), a third mounting seat (256) and a transverse moving mechanism (254); the transverse moving mechanism (254) is a guide rail sliding block mechanism, a sliding block of the transverse moving mechanism is fixed on a middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism (11), and a first mounting seat (252) and a second mounting seat (253) are vertically mounted on the upper surface of a guide rail of the transverse moving mechanism; the first mounting seat (252) is hinged with the hinge seat (251 b); the third mounting seat (256) is vertically fixed on the middle-layer bottom plate of the supporting mechanism (11), and the free end of the third mounting seat is connected with the cam mechanism (255) driven by the motor.
9. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 8, wherein: the cam mechanism (255) is eccentrically connected with the mounting seat III (256) and the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the transverse moving mechanism (254); the curve profile of the cam mechanism (255) is simultaneously contacted with the limiting plate (251 c) and the bottom surface of the bearing plate (251), and one end surface of the cam mechanism (255) is further eccentrically connected with a pin shaft in sliding connection with the second mounting seat (253); the cam mechanism (255) can drive the bearing plate (251) to be at a horizontal lower limit position.
10. The apparatus for simulating the migration of contaminants from a tidal environment of claim 1, wherein: controlling means (3) include controller (31) and operation panel (32) by cable connection, controller (31) are for being located on supporting mechanism (11) lower floor's bottom plate and enclose by L type plate-shaped casing (14) and keep off waterproof industrial computer, operation panel (32) are the computer equipment.
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| CN114755393A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-15 | 内蒙古师范大学 | Simulation device for migration and diffusion of micro plastic in soil |
| CN114965404A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-30 | 盐城工学院 | Indoor simulation device for measuring movement rate of micro-plastic in water body |
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