CN111573851A - Microorganism water regulating and purifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microorganism water regulating and purifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111573851A CN111573851A CN202010435138.XA CN202010435138A CN111573851A CN 111573851 A CN111573851 A CN 111573851A CN 202010435138 A CN202010435138 A CN 202010435138A CN 111573851 A CN111573851 A CN 111573851A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Abstract
The invention discloses a microorganism water adjusting and purifying agent and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, is used for purifying aquaculture water, and particularly relates to a water adjusting and purifying agent prepared by utilizing microorganisms and a green surfactant and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing microorganism water purifying agent has single function, the water purifying raw material of the surfactant is toxic, and aquatic organisms and the environment can be influenced, and the microorganism water adjusting and purifying agent comprises 1-12 parts of a compound microorganism bacterium agent, 1-10 parts of the green surfactant and 40-100 parts of a carrier in parts by weight; the invention adopts green surfactants which are safe and nontoxic and can be biologically decomposed, and is matched with compound microbial strains and metabolites thereof, such as amylase and protease, so that the invention is safe and harmless, improves the water purification effect, can purify water and adjust water, and further improves the success rate and cultivation efficiency of aquaculture.
Description
Technical Field
A microorganism water adjusting and purifying agent and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of aquaculture, are used for water purification of aquaculture, and particularly relate to a water adjusting and purifying agent using microorganisms and a green surfactant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the aquaculture industry in China is rapidly developed, the industrial layout is also greatly changed, and the scale development of the aquaculture industry in China is expanded from the traditional culture areas such as coastal areas, Yangtze river and Zhujiang river watershed and the like to all over the country. The pollution caused by the high-speed development of aquaculture causes great pressure to the environment of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like in China, becomes a bottleneck difficult to break through in the production of aquatic products in China, and seriously restricts the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry in China. Due to long-term intensive culture, the aging of the pond and the gradual deterioration of the micro-ecological environment of the water body, the pollution of the culture water body is increasingly difficult to control. Particularly, in the last ten years, as the environmental protection and treatment work cannot keep pace with the situation development, the problem of water pollution is quite common, so that the diseases of the cultured organisms frequently occur, and the healthy development of the aquaculture industry is directly influenced. A large amount of chemical methods and antibiotic medicines are used, so that the ecological balance of the water body is seriously damaged, and in addition, the large-scale development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, a large amount of untreated organic livestock and poultry manure is discharged into rivers and lakes, so that the phenomena of seawater red tide, lake eutrophication, difficulty in regulating and controlling aquaculture water bodies and difficulty in stabilizing water quality ecology are caused. Causing landslide and huge economic loss in the aquaculture industry. Therefore, the biological means and the high-tech means are adopted to treat the water body pollution, promote the healthy development of the breeding industry and ensure the virtuous circle of the water body ecological environment, which is an irreparable task.
The existing methods for improving and purifying water quality mainly comprise physical methods, chemical methods and biological treatment methods. The physical method is to remove impurities such as suspended organic matters in water by filtration, precipitation and adsorption. The method has small secondary pollution to the water body, but has large resource waste; the precipitation and adsorption can only sink the suspended organic matters in the water to the bottom of the pool, but can not bring the organic matters out of the water body, and can not reduce the total amount of the organic matters in the water. The chemical method usually uses copper sulfate, bleaching powder, malachite green and other chemical preparations to improve water quality, has quick action, but causes secondary pollution to the environment and soil, causes damage to water bodies which are difficult to repair, and residual toxicity left by most of the preparations seriously harms aquatic products and human health. The biological treatment method is to artificially promote the formation of microbial floras in water, decompose organic matters in water by using microorganisms, reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen in water and achieve the aim of purifying water.
The commercial production of foreign microbial water purifying agents begins in the 90 s, China starts to involve in the research work of microbial water purifying agents since the 90 s, and is still in the beginning stage, in recent years, most of articles related to the microbial water purifying agents published by scholars in China are reviewed, but research reports are few. Nevertheless, researchers in China still achieve certain performance in the field, and more people are beginning to realize the development potential of the biological water purifying agent, and the research is put into the work of the aspect, and the prospect is promising. Research work mostly stays in a strain screening stage, and reports of successful microbial water purifying agent preparations put into production are not abundant. At present, only one product has a single function, and the requirements of people cannot be met.
The surfactant has various varieties and wide application, relates to various fields of industry, agriculture and people life, is called industrial monosodium glutamate, and is rarely applied to aquaculture.
Application No.: CN201910050695.7 discloses a water purifying agent for rapidly purifying water and a preparation method thereof, the water purifying agent comprises: surfactant-modified acrylamide-4-chlorophthalic anhydride copolymers; and the inorganic coating is polyaluminium chloride or polyaluminium ferric chloride. According to the water purifying agent obtained by the invention, through the synergistic effect of the surfactant modified acrylamide-4-chlorophthalic anhydride copolymer and the inorganic coating coated on the outer surface of the copolymer, after the water purifying agent is added into a water body, floccules formed in the water body can be promoted to be rapidly settled, and the water purifying agent has the excellent performances of small influence by water quality, small dosage of a medicament, good purification effect and shear resistance.
The above patent has a drawback that 4-chlorophthalic anhydride is widely used in the industries of fire retardants, pesticides, pigments, paints, etc., which are seriously harmful to the environment, and in addition, acrylamide is a moderately toxic neurotoxin which affects the nervous system of aquatic organisms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides a microbial water-regulating water purifying agent and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the defects that the prior microbial water purifying agent has single function, and the water purifying raw material of a surfactant is toxic and can affect aquatic organisms and the environment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a microorganism water regulating and purifying agent comprises 1-12 parts of compound microorganism bacterium agent, 1-10 parts of green surfactant and 40-100 parts of carrier by weight; the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and nitrobacteria; the green surfactant comprises soybean lecithin, polyepoxysuccinic acid, tea saponin, and alkyl glycoside.
In the technical scheme of the application: the bacillus coagulans is a facultative anaerobe, is rod-shaped, has two blunt ends, is a gram-positive bacterium, is terminal to spores, has no flagella, can produce lactic acid and produce spores, can secrete amylase and protease in the propagation process, can rapidly decompose macromolecular organic matters in a water environment into small molecular substances convenient for microorganisms to absorb and utilize, stimulates the growth and the propagation of indigenous microorganisms, enhances the microbial decomposition function, rapidly degrades harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like, promotes the microorganisms in the system to achieve diversity, and can chelate with trace elements in water, thereby being beneficial to absorption and utilization of aquatic organisms; the bacteria which enable saccharides to be fermented into a large amount of butyric acid by the aid of the tetracarboxylate bacteria are gram-positive anaerobic spores which have strong resistance to external adverse factors, and the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum are probiotics which can promote growth of aquatic organisms such as fish and the like, improve nutrient contents of organisms of the aquatic organisms, maintain liver functions and improve intestinal flora structures; the lactic acid bacteria are probiotics, can ferment carbohydrates into lactic acid, belong to gram-positive bacteria, the lactic acid produced during fermentation of the lactic acid bacteria or liquid amino acid added into fermentation liquor can slowly generate chelation reaction with trace elements in a fermentation period to increase the proportion of chelated salts in the trace elements, so that the trace elements can be absorbed by aquatic organisms such as fishes, shrimps and crabs more easily, and substances such as organic acid, special enzyme systems, acidomycin and the like produced in addition can prevent mildew and prolong the storage time of the water purifying agent; the yeast belongs to facultative anaerobe, and can convert most organic matters into nontoxic and abundant-nutrition cellular protein for aquatic organisms to utilize; the nitrifying bacteria can well consume ammonia and nitrous acid existing in the culture pond to generate non-toxic nitric acid, and the nitric acid is the best nitrogen fertilizer of the algae, can be absorbed and assimilated by the algae and is beneficial to purifying water quality; the bacillus coagulans utilizes free oxygen in water to breed, which is beneficial to the growth of anaerobic microorganisms.
The alkyl glycoside (APG) is synthesized by renewable resources, namely natural fatty alcohol and glucose, is a novel nonionic green surfactant with comprehensive performance, is rapidly and thoroughly biodegraded, has the characteristics of common nonionic and anionic surfactants, has high surface activity and good ecological safety and intermiscibility, reduces the surface tension of a water body, increases the dissolved oxygen amount of the water body and the same speed, reduces the surface tension of stems and leaves of aquatic weeds, ensures that sludge is not easy to adhere, enhances the antibacterial and osmotic effects and reduces the generation of organic matters; polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) PESA is a phosphorus-free and non-nitrogen environment-friendly multi-component scale and corrosion inhibitor, PESA has good scale inhibition and dispersion performance on calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium fluoride and silica scale in water, the scale inhibition effect is better than that of a common organic phosphorus scale inhibitor, and meanwhile PESA has a certain corrosion inhibition effect, is a multi-component scale inhibitor, has good biodegradation performance and wide application range, is particularly suitable for cooling water systems under the conditions of high alkali, high hardness and high PH, and can realize high concentration multiple operation; the tea saponin is a natural active substance, can remove wild trash fish in the shrimp and crab pool, is safe for the shrimps and the crabs, and can completely replace sodium pentachlorophenate to become a pool cleaning agent for killing the wild trash fish in the shrimp and crab feeding pool; the soybean lecithin is a pure natural product obtained by precipitating soybean oil in the degumming process, and then processing and drying the soybean lecithin, can change the surface tension of water, enables the water body to be more permeable, has better water environment, and can be used as food for fish and shrimp. The calcium-enriched PESA can effectively prevent water purifying agent particles from forming precipitates in water, improve the efficiency of the water purifying agent, and disperse carriers to prevent the precipitates.
Calcium peroxide in the carrier is a novel water regulating and purifying agent, oxygen can be slowly released when the calcium peroxide meets water to generate calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate precipitate, PESA has a dispersing effect on the calcium carbonate, the ventilation condition of bottom mud is improved, and the effect of decomposing organic matters by bacteria is accelerated. The calcium peroxide can reduce the toxicity of water, promote the mineralization of organic matters and the decomposition of humus by anaerobic floras at the bottom of the pool, precipitate colloidal particles suspended in water, increase the transparency, and make the water fertile, alive, tender and cool, thereby being beneficial to the propagation of plankton and maintaining good ecological environment. It has the functions of improving water quality and sterilizing, and is safe, cheap and environment friendly. The zeolite powder contains all major elements and most trace elements required by the growth and development of aquatic animals, and can be utilized by the aquatic animals. Can remove ammonia nitrogen in water, purify water quality and increase dissolved oxygen, improve the total alkalinity of water body and stabilize water quality. The effect is obvious when the composition is mixed with microbial strains for use.
The clostridium butyricum and lactic acid bacteria serving as probiotics in the compound microbial agent can generate a large amount of butyric acid and organic acid in the growth and fermentation process, and react with calcium carbonate and the like in the carrier to generate organic acid calcium and carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide can make the sludge porous and loose and improve ventilation, and in addition, the organic acid calcium is easily absorbed and utilized by aquatic organisms.
The invention adopts green surfactant which can be decomposed by organisms, and is matched with compound microorganism strains and metabolites thereof, such as amylase and protease, so that the invention is safe and harmless, and improves the water purification effect.
Preferably, the microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder obtained by fermenting yeast, wherein the nutrient powder comprises 50-70 parts by weight of bacillus coagulans, 10-20 parts by weight of clostridium butyricum, 5-15 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 10-20 parts by weight of yeast, 5-15 parts by weight of nitrobacteria and 20-200 parts by weight of nutrient powder.
More preferably, the microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder obtained by fermenting yeast, wherein the nutrient powder comprises, by weight, 60 parts of bacillus coagulans, 15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 15 parts of yeast, 10 parts of nitrobacteria and 110 parts of nutrient powder.
Preferably, the surfactant comprises 30-40 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside, 20-40 parts by weight of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 0-10 parts by weight of tea saponin and 20-60 parts by weight of soybean lecithin.
More preferably, the surfactant comprises 35 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside, 30 parts by weight of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 5 parts by weight of tea saponin and 40 parts by weight of soybean lecithin.
Preferably, the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, calcium peroxide and dolomite powder.
Preferably, the effective viable count of the water purifying agent is 200-1000 hundred million/g.
The preparation method of the microbial water regulation water purifying agent comprises the following steps of mixing and uniformly stirring the compound microbial agent, the green surfactant and the carrier, and carrying out dry granulation by a dry granulator, wherein the process conditions are as follows: mixing for 1-10min at a mixing speed of 3-10m/s, sieving after granulation, packaging, and warehousing to obtain the final product.
Each of the strains of the present application is commercially available.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts green surfactant, is safe and nontoxic, can be biologically decomposed, and is matched with compound microorganism strains and metabolites thereof, such as amylase and protease, so that the invention is safe and harmless, and improves the water purification effect;
2. the bacillus coagulans is facultative anaerobe, the tetracarboxylate is anaerobe, the lactic acid bacteria is facultative anaerobe, the yeast facultative anaerobe and the nitrobacteria are aerobic bacteria, the composite microbial agent is prepared by reasonably matching the aerobic bacteria with the facultative anaerobe and the anaerobe, the aerobic bacteria and the facultative anaerobe utilize free oxygen in the water body, and then growth and propagation of the anaerobe are facilitated.
3. The nutrient powder after yeast fermentation is rich in micromolecular nutrient substances, not only provides nutrition for various microorganisms in the water purifying agent particles, but also can form chelate with medium and trace elements in water, and the chelated medium and trace elements are more beneficial to absorption and utilization of aquatic organisms.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments further describe the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A microorganism water regulating and purifying agent comprises 1 part of compound microorganism bacterium agent, 1 part of green surfactant and 40 parts of carrier according to parts by weight; the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and nitrobacteria; the green surfactant comprises alkyl glycoside, polyepoxysuccinic acid, tea saponin, soybean lecithin, the microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder after yeast fermentation, and the nutrition powder comprises 50 parts of bacillus coagulans, 10 parts of clostridium butyricum, 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 10 parts of yeast, 5 parts of nitrobacteria and 20 parts of nutrition powder according to parts by weight; the surfactant comprises 30 parts of alkyl glycoside, 20 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 2 parts of tea saponin and 20 parts of soybean lecithin in parts by weight; the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, calcium peroxide and dolomite powder; the number of effective viable bacteria in the water purifying agent is 200 hundred million/g;
a preparation method of a microorganism water regulating water purifying agent comprises the steps of mixing and uniformly stirring a compound microorganism bacterium agent, a green surfactant and a carrier, and carrying out dry granulation by a dry granulator, wherein the process conditions are as follows: mixing for 1-10min at a mixing speed of 3-10m/s, sieving after granulation, packaging, and warehousing to obtain the final product.
The use method of the water purifying agent comprises the following steps: directly thrown into an aquaculture pond or pond, and 100-500 g/mu.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the microbial water regulating and purifying agent comprises 6 parts of a compound microbial agent, 5 parts of a green surfactant and 70 parts of a carrier in parts by weight; the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and nitrobacteria; the green surfactant comprises alkyl glycoside, polyepoxysuccinic acid, tea saponin, soybean lecithin, and the microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder obtained by fermenting yeast, wherein the nutrition powder comprises, by weight, 60 parts of bacillus coagulans, 15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 15 parts of yeast, 10 parts of nitrobacteria and 110 parts of nutrition powder; the surfactant comprises 35 parts of alkyl glycoside, 30 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 5 parts of tea saponin and 40 parts of soybean lecithin in parts by weight; the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, calcium peroxide and dolomite powder; the number of effective viable bacteria in the water purifying agent is 600 hundred million/g;
the preparation method is the same as example 1.
The use method of the water purifying agent comprises the following steps: directly thrown into an aquaculture pond or pond, and 100-500 g/mu.
Example 3
Based on the embodiment 1, the microbial water regulating and purifying agent comprises 12 parts of a compound microbial agent, 10 parts of a green surfactant and 100 parts of a carrier in parts by weight; the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and nitrobacteria; the green surfactant comprises alkyl glycoside, polyepoxysuccinic acid, tea saponin, soybean lecithin, the microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder after yeast fermentation, and the nutrition powder comprises 50-70 parts of bacillus coagulans, 20 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 20 parts of yeast, 15 parts of nitrobacteria and 200 parts of nutrition powder according to parts by weight; the surfactant comprises 40 parts of alkyl glycoside, 40 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 10 parts of tea saponin and 60 parts of soybean lecithin in parts by weight; the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, calcium peroxide and dolomite powder; the number of effective viable bacteria in the water purifying agent is 1000 hundred million/g;
the preparation method is the same as example 1.
The use method of the water purifying agent comprises the following steps: directly thrown into an aquaculture pond or pond, and 100-500 g/mu.
Test example 1
The water purifying agent particles prepared in the example 2 are applied to fishponds, two fishponds with similar ecological environmental characteristics are selected, the fishponds have the water depth of 2 meters and the area of 1 mu, the fishponds are divided into a control group and an experimental group, the control group is in a natural state, no treatment agent is added, the water purifying agent prepared in the example 2 is added into the control group, and the water purifying agent is directly thrown at 300 g/mu. The water purification effect is very obvious, and the water quality detection result is shown in table 1.
Table 1 application of water purifying agent prepared in example 2 to fishpond
Test example 2
Two shrimp culture ponds with similar ecological environmental characteristics are selected, the water depth is 1.6 meters, the area is 1 mu, the shrimp culture ponds are divided into a control group and an experimental group, the control group is in a natural state, no treatment agent is added, the water purifying agent prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is added into the control group, and the water purifying agent is directly thrown at 200 g/mu. The water purification effect is very obvious, and the water quality detection result is shown in table 2.
Table 2 use of water purifying agent prepared in example 1 in shrimp pond
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A microorganism water regulation water purifying agent is characterized in that: the microbial inoculum comprises 1-12 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 1-10 parts of green surfactant and 40-100 parts of carrier by weight; the compound microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans, clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and nitrobacteria; the green surfactant comprises alkyl glycoside, polyepoxysuccinic acid, tea saponin, and soybean lecithin.
2. The microbial water regulating and purifying agent of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder obtained by fermenting yeast, wherein the nutrient powder comprises 50-70 parts by weight of bacillus coagulans, 10-20 parts by weight of clostridium butyricum, 5-15 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 10-20 parts by weight of yeast, 5-15 parts by weight of nitrobacteria and 20-200 parts by weight of nutrient powder.
3. The microbial water regulation purifier of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder obtained by fermenting yeast, wherein the nutrition powder comprises, by weight, 60 parts of bacillus coagulans, 15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 10 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 15 parts of yeast, 10 parts of nitrobacteria and 110 parts of nutrition powder.
4. The microbial water regulating and purifying agent of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the surfactant comprises, by weight, 30-40 parts of alkyl glycoside, 20-40 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 0-10 parts of tea saponin and 20-60 parts of soybean lecithin.
5. The microbial water conditioning and purifying agent of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the surfactant comprises 35 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside, 30 parts by weight of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 5 parts by weight of tea saponin and 40 parts by weight of soybean lecithin.
6. The microbial water regulating and purifying agent of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, calcium peroxide and dolomite powder.
7. The microbial water regulating and purifying agent of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the effective viable count of the water purifying agent is 200-1000 hundred million/g.
8. A method for preparing the microbial water-regulating water-purifying agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: mixing and uniformly stirring the composite microbial agent, the green surfactant and the carrier, and performing dry granulation by a dry granulator under the following process conditions: mixing for 1-10min at a mixing speed of 3-10m/s, sieving after granulation, packaging, and warehousing to obtain the final product.
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