CN111548219A - Special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C05B3/00—Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, and the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer comprises 69-72 parts of desulfurization gypsum powder, 24-27 parts of dry bean dregs, 15-18 parts of bentonite, 58-61 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 24-27 parts of fruit leaf humus, 12-15 parts of corn straw, 45-48 parts of river bottom sludge, 33-36 parts of industrial sewage, 6-8 parts of spirulina powder, 10-12 parts of urea, 6-8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3-5 parts of gelatin, 8-11 parts of zeolite powder and 3-6 parts of compound bacteria. The invention effectively neutralizes saline soil, provides trace elements and nutrients, adds composite bacteria for biological regulation, can denature metal salt, effectively improves saline soil by matching with zeolite powder to adsorb ions, lightens the salinization degree, is suitable for biological growth, effectively stores water and preserves heat by using heat storage and moisture preservation filler, has zero pollution, and can self-repair damaged soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Agriculture is the foundation of national economy and is a stable and safe foundation stone for the country. The farmland is an essential element of agricultural production and is a material basis on which human beings rely for survival and development. The quantity of cultivated land and the quality are directly related to economic construction, social development and improvement of the living standard of people. Saline-alkali soil is one of the most main types of medium-low yield soil in China, the saline-alkali soil in China is widely distributed, and a large amount of saline-alkali soil is distributed from the side of the east sea along the humid pacific coast to the arid pseudo-songorian basin and the extremely arid Tarim basin, from the tropical southeast sea island, the southern sand group island to the trenebuir grassland and the Songnen plain in the cold temperature zone, particularly speaking to coastal kelp, and the land such as yellow river delta is seriously affected by seawater salinization. However, in a long history process, natural or artificial action causes a lot of soils to have a tendency of salinization, so that the growth and development of crops are not facilitated, and normal agricultural production is influenced, and particularly, the salinization degree of the soils in northwest China is very serious. Salinization of soil is a worldwide problem. Approximately 20% of agricultural irrigation land in the world is affected by salinization, and secondary salinization of soil is increasingly caused by drought, unreasonable cultivation, backward drainage equipment, facility cultivation and other factors. The limited nature of the land determines that people need to carry out repair research and practice on the saline-alkali soil, so that the saline-alkali soil is repaired and improved, the saline-alkali soil is suitable for the growth and development of crops, the agricultural cultivation is facilitated, the regional economy is improved, and the development of the regional society is promoted.
The reason for the salinization of the land is that because soil and underground water contain too high salt, under the strong surface evaporation condition, soil salt rises through the capillary action and accumulates on the surface layer of the soil, especially the ground freezes in winter, and the salinization degree is aggravated more easily after the ice melting evaporation, in order to improve the salinized soil texture, it is an effective mode to use desulfurized gypsum fertilizer to neutralize the soil alkalinity, but the effect is limited, can only slow down the salinization speed to a certain extent, can not make the soil texture obtain self-remediation.
Therefore, the invention provides a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, alkaline substances are effectively neutralized through a saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer, alkaline soil is improved, nitrogen, phosphorus and various trace elements required by plant growth are provided, humus organic fertilizer is matched to nourish soil, composite bacteria is added to biologically regulate, after protein-containing materials such as dry bean dregs are decomposed, metal salt can be denatured, zeolite powder is matched to adsorb ions, salinized soil can be effectively improved, the salinization degree is reduced, the salinization is suitable for biological growth, heat storage and moisture preservation fillers effectively lock water and store water, no pollution is caused, stratum is subjected to heat preservation, and the damaged soil is favorably maintained and self-repaired, so that the defects in the technology are overcome.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69-72 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 24-27 parts of dry bean dregs, 15-18 parts of bentonite, 58-61 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 24-27 parts of fruit leaf humus, 12-15 parts of corn straw, 45-48 parts of river bottom sludge, 33-36 parts of industrial sewage, 6-8 parts of spirulina powder, 10-12 parts of urea, 6-8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3-5 parts of gelatin, 8-11 parts of zeolite powder, 3-6 parts of compound bacteria, 10-12 parts of a sewage treatment agent, 4-6 parts of a water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of an anti-caking agent, 1-3 parts of a foaming agent and 2-5 parts of a bulking agent, and the balance of clear water.
Preferably, the sewage treatment agent comprises potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, and the adding weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as the following weight ratio: an oxygen increasing agent: 1-2: 1: 2-3.
Preferably, the compound bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, and the ratio of the number of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as the following ratio: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1.
preferably, the livestock manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to be 1-2: 1, the fruit and leaf humus is set to be the pomace, fallen leaves and rotted fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and pomelos, the fruit and leaf humus is derived from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, the industrial sewage is set to be organic acid sewage, and the organic acid sewage is derived from citric acid factories and alcohol factories.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, the foaming agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the leavening agent is calcium hydrophosphate.
A preparation method of a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit and leaf humus, performing fermentation, curing and sterilization, completely curing to obtain organic humus, drying the organic humus, scattering, mixing dry bean dregs, and adding compound bacteria into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to a pH value of 6.0-6.5 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly stirring, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and drying in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
Preferably, the length, the width and the height of the piled fermentation pile in the second step are respectively set to be 2-4m, 1-2m and 0.8-1.2m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 45-55 ℃, and the fermentation time is set to be 6-8 d.
Preferably, the average single grain size of the heat-storing and moisture-preserving filler after granulation in the third step is set to be 3-6mm, and the heat-storing and moisture-preserving filler is honeycomb porous spheres.
In the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical effects and advantages:
1. alkaline substances are effectively neutralized by the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer, alkaline soil is improved, nitrogen, phosphorus and various trace elements required by plant growth are provided, the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer is matched with a humus organic fertilizer to nourish soil, composite bacteria are added to carry out biological regulation, and after protein-containing materials such as dry bean dregs are decomposed, metal salt can be denatured, zeolite powder is matched to adsorb ions, so that saline-alkali soil can be effectively improved, the saline-alkali degree is reduced, the saline-alkali soil is suitable for biological growth, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler effectively locks water and stores water, no pollution is caused, heat of a stratum is preserved, and the damaged soil is beneficial to maintenance and self-repair;
2. the organic acid sewage of the citric acid plant and the alcohol plant is diluted after flocculation, disinfection and sterilization treatment, is compounded with the river bottom sludge, is uniformly mixed with bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a swelling agent to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler, can be decomposed, cannot cause pollution, cannot damage the natural environment, can effectively treat and effectively utilize the organic acid sewage of the citric acid plant and the alcohol plant, and reduces the production cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 24 parts of dry bean dregs, 15 parts of bentonite, 58 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 24 parts of fruit leaf humus, 12 parts of corn straws, 45 parts of river bottom sludge, 33 parts of industrial sewage, 6 parts of spirulina powder, 10 parts of urea, 6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3 parts of gelatin, 8 parts of zeolite powder, 3 parts of composite bacteria, 10 parts of sewage treatment agent, 4 parts of water-retaining agent, 3 parts of anti-caking agent, 1 part of foaming agent and 2 parts of bulking agent, and the balance of clear water;
further, in the above technical scheme, the sewage treatment agent includes potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, and the addition weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as potassium ferrate: an oxygen increasing agent: 1, a polyacrylamide flocculant: 1: 2;
further, in the above technical solution, the composite bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, the bacillus subtilis is purchased from sanshi agriculture group science and technology limited, the bacillus licheniformis is purchased from luoyang europe department of bei ke biotechnology limited, the bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma are purchased from shandongxin Zhuangjie chemical company limited, and the ratio of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1;
further, in the above technical scheme, the livestock manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to 1: 1, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be fruit residues, fallen leaves and rotten fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and grapefruits, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be organic acid sewage which is from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, setting the industrial sewage to be the organic acid sewage which is from citric acid factories and alcohol factories;
further, in the above technical scheme, the water retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, the foaming agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the bulking agent is calcium hydrogen phosphate.
A preparation method of a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit leaf humus, performing stacking fermentation, curing and sterilization, wherein the length, the width and the height of a stacked fermentation pile are respectively set to be 2m, 1m and 0.8m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 45 ℃, the fermentation time is set to be 6d, organic humus is obtained after the curing is completed, the organic humus is dried and scattered, dry bean dregs are mixed, and compound bacteria are added into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to the pH value of 6.0 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and setting the average particle size of single particles of the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler after granulation to be 3mm, wherein the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler is a honeycomb porous sphere and is dried in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
The special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil prepared in the embodiment has uniform granularity, sufficient mixing, convenient transportation and individual storage, weak acidity and alkalinity, can effectively neutralize alkaline soil, contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements required by multiple plant growth, and also contains degradable porous nutrient materials for heat storage and water storage, and water and soil conservation, in addition, the pH value of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil prepared in the embodiment is 6.2, the soil quality of the soil is detected after one month use, the metal ion content of the soil is calculated before and after the fertilizer is used for a period of time, the salinization improvement rate is calculated, namely the pH value is 6.2
Wherein h isNa、hKAnd hMgRespectively represents the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil material h 'before the fertilizer is used'N、h′KAnd h'MgRespectively shows the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil texture after the fertilizer is used, GMetalThe improvement rate of the soil metal of the saline-alkali soil after the fertilizer is used is shown and is taken as the improvement rate of salinization, the water content of the unit volume of the soil is taken as the water retention rate of the soil, the ratio of the volume difference between the volume of the original soil and the compressed volume thereof to the volume of the original soil is taken as the reference standard of the porosity of the soil, and the result shows that: the salinization improvement rate is 80.35%, the soil water retention rate is 69.5%, and the soil porosity is 63.3%, so that the salinization soil can be improved, and soil damage can be repaired.
Example 2:
the invention provides a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 25 parts of dry bean dregs, 16 parts of bentonite, 59 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 25 parts of fruit leaf humus, 13 parts of corn straws, 46 parts of river bottom sludge, 34 parts of industrial sewage, 6 parts of spirulina powder, 11 parts of urea, 7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of gelatin, 9 parts of zeolite powder, 4 parts of composite bacteria, 11 parts of sewage treatment agent, 5 parts of water-retaining agent, 4 parts of anti-caking agent, 2 parts of foaming agent and 3 parts of bulking agent, and the balance of clear water;
further, in the above technical scheme, the sewage treatment agent includes potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, and the addition weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as potassium ferrate: an oxygen increasing agent: 1.5: 1: 2.5;
further, in the above technical solution, the composite bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, the bacillus subtilis is purchased from sanshi agriculture group science and technology limited, the bacillus licheniformis is purchased from luoyang europe department of bei ke biotechnology limited, the bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma are purchased from shandongxin Zhuangjie chemical company limited, and the ratio of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1;
further, in the above technical scheme, the livestock manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to be 1.5: 1, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be fruit residues, fallen leaves and rotten fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and grapefruits, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be organic acid sewage which is from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, setting the industrial sewage to be the organic acid sewage which is from citric acid factories and alcohol factories;
further, in the above technical scheme, the water retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, the foaming agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the bulking agent is calcium hydrogen phosphate.
A preparation method of a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit leaf humus, performing stacking fermentation, curing and sterilization, wherein the length, the width and the height of a stacked fermentation pile are respectively set to be 3m, 1.5m and 1m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 50 ℃, the fermentation time is set to be 7d, organic humus is obtained after the curing is completed, the organic humus is dried and scattered, dry bean dregs are mixed, and compound bacteria are added into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to a pH value of 6.2 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and setting the average particle size of single particles of the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler after granulation to be 4mm, wherein the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler is a honeycomb porous sphere and is dried in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
Comparative example 1, the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil prepared in the embodiment has uniform granularity, sufficient mixing, convenient transportation and storage, and acid and alkali propertyThe fertilizer is weakly acidic, can effectively neutralize alkaline soil, contains rich nitrogen, phosphorus and various trace elements required by plant growth, also contains degradable porous nutrient materials for heat storage and water and soil conservation, in addition, the pH value of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil prepared by the embodiment is 6.3, the soil quality of the land is detected after one month of use, and the salinization improvement rate, namely the salinization improvement rate is calculated according to the metal ion content of the soil before and after the fertilizer is used for a period of time
Wherein h isNa、hKAnd hMgRespectively represents the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil material h 'before the fertilizer is used'N、h′KAnd h'MgRespectively shows the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil texture after the fertilizer is used, GMetalThe improvement rate of the soil metal of the saline-alkali soil after the fertilizer is used is shown and is taken as the improvement rate of salinization, the water content of the unit volume of the soil is taken as the water retention rate of the soil, the ratio of the volume difference between the volume of the original soil and the compressed volume thereof to the volume of the original soil is taken as the reference standard of the porosity of the soil, and the result shows that: the salinization improvement rate is 85.64%, the soil water retention rate is 73.2%, and the soil porosity is 69.5%, so that the salinization soil can be improved, and soil damage can be repaired.
Example 3:
the invention provides a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 26 parts of dry soybean dregs, 17 parts of bentonite, 60 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 26 parts of fruit leaf humus, 14 parts of corn straws, 47 parts of river bottom sludge, 35 parts of industrial sewage, 7 parts of spirulina powder, 12 parts of urea, 7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of gelatin, 10 parts of zeolite powder, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 11 parts of sewage treatment agent, 5 parts of water-retaining agent, 4 parts of anti-caking agent, 2 parts of foaming agent and 4 parts of bulking agent, and the balance of clear water;
further, in the above technical scheme, the sewage treatment agent includes potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, and the addition weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as potassium ferrate: an oxygen increasing agent: 1.5: 1: 2.5;
further, in the above technical solution, the composite bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, the bacillus subtilis is purchased from sanshi agriculture group science and technology limited, the bacillus licheniformis is purchased from luoyang europe department of bei ke biotechnology limited, the bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma are purchased from shandongxin Zhuangjie chemical company limited, and the ratio of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1;
further, in the above technical scheme, the livestock manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to be 2: 1, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be fruit residues, fallen leaves and rotten fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and grapefruits, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be organic acid sewage which is from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, setting the industrial sewage to be the organic acid sewage which is from citric acid factories and alcohol factories;
further, in the above technical scheme, the water retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, the foaming agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the bulking agent is calcium hydrogen phosphate.
A preparation method of a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit leaf humus, stacking, fermenting, curing and sterilizing, wherein the length, the width and the height of a stacked fermentation pile are respectively set to be 3m, 1.5m and 1.2m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 50 ℃, the fermentation time is set to be 7d, organic humus is obtained after the curing is completed, the organic humus is dried and scattered, dry bean dregs are mixed, and compound bacteria are added into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to the pH value of 6.4 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and setting the average particle size of single particles of the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler after granulation to be 5mm, wherein the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler is a honeycomb porous sphere and is dried in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
Comparative example 1 and 2, the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer in saline and alkaline land of preparation in this embodiment, the granularity is even, mix fully, be convenient for transport individual storage, the acid-base is the faintly acid, can effectively neutralize alkaline soil property, contain abundant nitrogen, required microelement of phosphorus and multiple vegetation, still contain degradable porous nutrient material and carry out heat accumulation and retaining, maintenance soil and water, in addition, be 6.4 at the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer pH value in saline and alkaline land to this embodiment preparation, use and detect this soil property after a month, with the metal ion content of soil around this fertilizer used a period of time, calculate salinization improvement rate, promptly
Wherein h isNa、hKAnd hMgRespectively represents the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil material h 'before the fertilizer is used'N、h′KAnd h'MgRespectively shows the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil texture after the fertilizer is used, GMetalThe improvement rate of the soil metal of the saline-alkali soil after the fertilizer is used is shown and is taken as the improvement rate of salinization, the water content of the unit volume of the soil is taken as the water retention rate of the soil, the ratio of the volume difference between the volume of the original soil and the compressed volume thereof to the volume of the original soil is taken as the reference standard of the porosity of the soil, and the result shows that: the salinization improvement rate is 88.90%, the soil water retention rate is 80.1%, and the soil porosity is 72.4%, so that the salinization soil can be improved, and soil damage can be repaired.
Example 4:
the invention provides a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 27 parts of dried bean dregs, 18 parts of bentonite, 61 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 27 parts of fruit leaf humus, 15 parts of corn straws, 48 parts of river bottom sludge, 36 parts of industrial sewage, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 12 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of gelatin, 11 parts of zeolite powder, 6 parts of composite bacteria, 12 parts of sewage treatment agent, 6 parts of water-retaining agent, 5 parts of anti-caking agent, 3 parts of foaming agent and 5 parts of swelling agent, and the balance of clear water;
further, in the above technical scheme, the sewage treatment agent includes potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, and the addition weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as potassium ferrate: an oxygen increasing agent: polyacrylamide flocculant 2: 1: 3;
further, in the above technical solution, the composite bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, the bacillus subtilis is purchased from sanshi agriculture group science and technology limited, the bacillus licheniformis is purchased from luoyang europe department of bei ke biotechnology limited, the bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma are purchased from shandongxin Zhuangjie chemical company limited, and the ratio of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1;
further, in the above technical scheme, the livestock manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to be 2: 1, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be fruit residues, fallen leaves and rotten fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and grapefruits, setting the fruit and leaf humus to be organic acid sewage which is from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, setting the industrial sewage to be the organic acid sewage which is from citric acid factories and alcohol factories;
further, in the above technical scheme, the water retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate, the anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide, the foaming agent is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the bulking agent is calcium hydrogen phosphate.
A preparation method of a special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit leaf humus, performing stacking fermentation, curing and sterilization, wherein the length, the width and the height of a stacked fermentation pile are respectively set to be 4m, 2m and 1.2m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 55 ℃, the fermentation time is set to be 8d, organic humus is obtained after the curing is completed, the organic humus is dried and scattered, dry bean dregs are mixed, and compound bacteria are added into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to the pH value of 6.5 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and setting the average particle size of single particles of the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler after granulation to be 6mm, wherein the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler is a honeycomb porous sphere and is dried in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
Comparative example 1-3, the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer in saline and alkaline land of preparation in this embodiment, the granularity is even, mix fully, be convenient for transport individual storage, the acid and alkaline nature is the faintly acid, can effectively neutralize alkaline soil property, contain abundant nitrogen, required microelement of phosphorus and multiple vegetation, still contain degradable porous nutrient material and carry out heat accumulation and retaining, maintenance soil and water, in addition, be 6.5 at the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer pH value in saline and alkaline land of preparation to this embodiment, use and detect this soil property after a month, with the metal ion content of soil around this fertilizer used a period of time, calculate salinization improvement rate, promptly
Wherein h isNa、hKAnd hMgRespectively represents the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil material h 'before the fertilizer is used'N、h′KAnd h'MgRespectively shows the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil texture after the fertilizer is used, GMetalThe improvement rate of the soil metal of the saline-alkali soil after the fertilizer is used is shown and is taken as the improvement rate of salinization, the water content of the unit volume of the soil is taken as the water retention rate of the soil, the ratio of the volume difference between the volume of the original soil and the compressed volume thereof to the volume of the original soil is taken as the reference standard of the porosity of the soil, and the result shows that: salt and alkaliThe chemical improvement rate is 87.86%, the soil water retention rate is 79.3%, and the soil porosity is 70.9%, so that the saline-alkali soil can be improved, and the soil damage can be repaired.
Comparative example:
taking a conventional desulfurization gypsum fertilizer on the market, wherein the pH value of the desulfurization gypsum fertilizer is 6.3, detecting the soil property of the land after the fertilizer is used for one month, and calculating the salinization improvement rate by using the metal ion content of the soil before and after the fertilizer is used for a period of time, namely calculating the salinization improvement rate
Wherein h isNa、 hKAnd hMgRespectively represents the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil material h 'before the fertilizer is used'N、h′KAnd h'MgRespectively shows the sodium ion content, the potassium ion content and the magnesium ion content of the saline-alkali soil texture after the fertilizer is used, GMetalThe improvement rate of the soil metal of the saline-alkali soil after the fertilizer is used is shown and is taken as the improvement rate of salinization, the water content of the unit volume of the soil is taken as the water retention rate of the soil, the ratio of the volume difference between the volume of the original soil and the compressed volume thereof to the volume of the original soil is taken as the reference standard of the porosity of the soil, and the result shows that: the salinization improvement rate is 40.30%, the soil water retention rate is 50.5%, and the soil porosity is 60.1%, so that the salinization soil can be improved to a certain extent, but the effect of repairing soil damage is weak.
The following table is derived from examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples:
from the above table, it can be seen that the raw material proportion is moderate, the processing temperature is moderate, the processing time is optimal, the process provided by the embodiment is most suitable for the processing and preparation of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, the produced special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil can repair the damaged soil to the greatest extent after being applied, in addition, the desulfurization gypsum powder, the spirulina powder, the urea and the monoammonium phosphate are compounded uniformly to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer, the desulfurization gypsum supplements the soil calcium and adjusts the calcium fertilizer of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the desulfurization gypsum is used for alkaline soil, the alkalinity of the soil is eliminated, the soil improvement effect is achieved, the alkaline substances can be neutralized effectively, the alkaline soil is improved, the nitrogen, the phosphorus and various trace elements required by the plant growth are provided, the soil is nourished by matching with the humus organic fertilizer, the composite bacteria is added for biological adjustment, and the protein-containing materials such as the, the metal cations can form insoluble salts with free carboxyl in protein, chemical bonds are broken and generated in the denaturation process, the harm of heavy metal absorbed by human body after planting is reduced, zeolite powder is matched to adsorb ions, salinized soil can be effectively improved, the salinization degree is reduced, the salinization degree is enabled to be suitable for biological growth, water is effectively locked and stored by preparing the nutritional decomposable heat storage and moisture preservation filler, zero pollution is realized, and the heat preservation is realized on the stratum, so that the maintenance of damaged soil is facilitated, and the self-repairing is realized.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the above description is illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which come within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. The special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil is characterized in that: the desulfurization gypsum fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69-72 parts of desulfurized gypsum powder, 24-27 parts of dry bean dregs, 15-18 parts of bentonite, 58-61 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 24-27 parts of fruit leaf humus, 12-15 parts of corn straw, 45-48 parts of river bottom sludge, 33-36 parts of industrial sewage, 6-8 parts of spirulina powder, 10-12 parts of urea, 6-8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3-5 parts of gelatin, 8-11 parts of zeolite powder, 3-6 parts of compound bacteria, 10-12 parts of a sewage treatment agent, 4-6 parts of a water-retaining agent, 3-5 parts of an anti-caking agent, 1-3 parts of a foaming agent and 2-5 parts of a bulking agent, and the balance of clear water.
2. The special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sewage treatment agent comprises potassium ferrate, an oxygen increasing agent and a polyacrylamide flocculant, wherein the adding weight ratio of the potassium ferrate to the oxygen increasing agent to the polyacrylamide flocculant is set as follows: an oxygen increasing agent: 1-2: 1: 2-3.
3. The special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite bacteria comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and trichoderma, wherein the ratio of the number of the added bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus thuringiensis and the trichoderma is set as the following ratio: b, bacillus licheniformis: bacillus thuringiensis: trichoderma 1: 1: 1: 1.
4. the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and the volume ratio of the chicken manure to the pig manure is set to be 1-2: 1, the fruit and leaf humus is set to be the pomace, fallen leaves and rotted fruits of yellow peaches, apples, apricots, pears and pomelos, the fruit and leaf humus is derived from farmlands, juice factories and canneries, the industrial sewage is set to be organic acid sewage, and the organic acid sewage is derived from citric acid factories and alcohol factories.
5. The special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-retaining agent sets up to sodium polyacrylate, anti-caking agent sets up to silicon dioxide, the foamer sets up to fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, the leavening agent sets up to calcium hydrogen phosphate.
6. The preparation method of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, and collecting desulfurized gypsum powder, dry bean dregs, bentonite, livestock and poultry manure, fruit leaf humus, corn straws, river bottom sludge, industrial sewage, spirulina powder, urea, monoammonium phosphate, gelatin, zeolite powder, composite bacteria, a sewage treatment agent, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent and a swelling agent for later use;
step two: crushing corn straws, proportionally combining the corn straws with livestock and poultry manure and fruit and leaf humus, performing fermentation, curing and sterilization, completely curing to obtain organic humus, drying the organic humus, scattering, mixing dry bean dregs, and adding compound bacteria into the organic humus to prepare a humus organic fertilizer for later use;
step three: adding potassium ferrate and a polyacrylamide flocculant into industrial sewage to flocculate and precipitate impurities in the industrial sewage, taking clear liquid after disinfection and sterilization treatment, diluting the clear liquid of the sewage to a pH value of 6.0-6.5 by using lime water, mixing river bottom sludge with the diluted clear liquid of the sewage, adding an oxygenation agent, uniformly stirring, uniformly mixing bentonite, gelatin, zeolite powder, a water-retaining agent, an anti-caking agent, a foaming agent and a bulking agent, adding the mixture into the clear liquid mixture of the sewage to make slurry, granulating the mixed slurry by using a diamond wire cutting granulator, and drying in the sun to prepare the heat-storage and moisture-retention filler for later use;
step four: uniformly compounding desulfurized gypsum powder, spirulina powder, urea and monoammonium phosphate to prepare the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer for later use;
step five: uniformly mixing the humus organic fertilizer, the heat storage and moisture preservation filler and the saline-alkali conditioning fertilizer prepared in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, packaging and transporting to a saline-alkali land area for use.
7. The preparation method of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: and in the second step, the length, the width and the height of the stacked fermentation pile are respectively set to be 2-4m, 1-2m and 0.8-1.2m, the initial fermentation temperature is set to be 20 ℃, the temperature rise is controlled to be 45-55 ℃, and the fermentation time is set to be 6-8 d.
8. The preparation method of the special desulfurization gypsum fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: and in the third step, after granulation, the average particle size of the single particles of the heat storage and moisture preservation filler is set to be 3-6mm, and the heat storage and moisture preservation filler is honeycomb porous spheres.
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Application publication date: 20200818 |