CN111545457A - Garlic clove grading mechanized device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves and a control method thereof. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves includes a chassis, and a dividing device and a grading device installed on the chassis. There are two upper rubber rollers in the box and a split drive device that drives the two upper rubber rollers to rotate in opposite directions. A rubber side plate is installed between the side plate of the outer box and the upper rubber roller; the top of the outer box is provided with a feeding port , the feed port is fixed with a split plate extending to the two upper rubber rollers respectively; the classification device includes a vibration frame connected to the chassis through a spring, and several stages of screens installed on the vibration frame, and the outlet of each screen is included. The material end is provided with a collecting pipe. The invention can complete garlic collection, transportation, splitting, cleaning and grading treatment at one time, and integrates various operation procedures, with strong operability and mobility, and the intensive design greatly reduces the space occupied by itself and The volume meets the needs of the current farmers.

Description

Garlic clove grading mechanized device and control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves and a control method thereof.

Background technique

The annual output of garlic in my country is increasing every year, and the planting area of garlic is large all year round, exceeding 60% of the world's garlic planting area. In addition to supplying domestic mass consumption, most of the garlic grown in my country is also exported to Russia, Japan and other foreign regions. However, at present, my country's garlic still faces many problems in the early stage of planting. Dividing and grading the garlic, but at present, most of the garlic is divided and graded manually. If the garlic is divided too early, the garlic will be dehydrated and shriveled, and the vitality of the garlic will decrease. On the contrary, the garlic will be divided too late. The cloves will face the problem of delaying the cultivation of garlic. After the cloves are divided, the size of the garlic seeds must be manually classified by the naked eye, which not only wastes a lot of labor but also increases the burden of labor operations. The main problem of industrial growth, so the development of a mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic can effectively solve the current problem of artificial dividing and grading.

At present, there are some garlic splitting machines in the domestic market, which only use the working principle of kneading garlic or squeezing garlic. The operation method is simple, and there are problems such as unreliable performance. For example, when a garlic clove machine is working, it is necessary to adjust the size of the accommodating space of the equipment according to the size of the three-dimensional size of the garlic, adjust the distance between the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-conical plate, and use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the conical plate. Throwing the garlic into the conical plate, although this structure solves a certain problem of garlic splitting, there is a common problem that garlic has been rubbed for many times, resulting in high peeling rate of garlic seeds and serious damage to garlic seeds. At the same time, the current garlic splitting machine and garlic grading machinery are all separate and integrated, with poor integrity, flexibility and mobility, cumbersome transportation process, and difficult to complete a series of operations, which seriously hinders the process of garlic splitting and grading integration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves and a control method thereof. Mechanized devices such as dividing and grading garlic are assembled on a wheeled chassis, which facilitates overall movement and improves work efficiency. The key components such as seed conveying device and cleaning device can provide services for garlic segmentation and grading. A set of control implementation methods also improves the overall work efficiency, which not only provides convenience for garlic planting machinery in the future, but also plays an important role in the post-processing of garlic. , and at the same time meet the requirements of the modernization of agricultural machinery.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and provides a mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic, comprising a chassis, and a dividing device and a grading device installed on the chassis, and the outlet of the dividing device corresponds to the feeding opening of the grading device ; The splitting device includes an outer box fixed to the chassis, two upper rubber rollers rotatably connected in the outer box, and a splitting drive device that drives the two upper rubber rollers to rotate in opposite directions. The side plate of the outer box is connected to the upper A rubber side plate is installed between the rubber rollers, and a garlic primary extrusion channel is formed between the rubber side plate and the upper rubber roller. The divider plate of the roller; the classification device includes a vibration frame connected to the chassis through springs, and several stages of screen meshes installed on the vibration frame and distributed layer by layer in the vertical direction, and the discharge end of each screen mesh is provided with a collection Tube.

In this scheme, the splitting device and the grading device are centrally installed on the chassis, the chassis provides the support and installation platform for the whole machine, and the integrity of the equipment is improved. The traveling wheel and the traveling driving device can be set on the chassis to improve the convenience of movement; The garlic falling from the feeding port is divided into two sides by setting the dividing plate, and falls between the upper rubber roller and the rubber side plate on both sides respectively, and the two upper rubber rollers are driven to rotate by the split drive device, and the rubber roller and The differential action of the side plate realizes the garlic splitting under the double force of extrusion and rubbing. The rubber roller and the rubber side plate have a certain amount of deformation to avoid damage to the garlic; the garlic after the split will fall to the bottom of the grading device. On the uppermost screen, the garlic seeds are screened by the vibration of the vibrating frame to realize the classification of the garlic seeds. By setting the collecting pipe, it is convenient to control the discharge of the garlic seeds on the screen of each layer. A woven bag is installed at the end to realize the collection of garlic after classification.

As an optimization, there are also two lower rubber rollers rotatably connected in the outer box. The two lower rubber rollers are respectively located under the two upper rubber rollers. A secondary extrusion channel for garlic is formed between the rollers. In this optimization scheme, two lower rubber rollers are set to realize the double-set rubber roller layered split. The rotation of the lower rubber roller is used to split the garlic twice, so as to make the split more thorough, and the upper rubber roller is used to drive the lower rubber roller. Rotation improves the synchronization of the primary split and the secondary split.

As an optimization, the split drive device includes a drive motor I fixed on the outer casing, a shaft I fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor I, and a shaft II rotatably connected to the outer casing, on which gear I is fixed and gear III, gear IV is fixed on shaft II, and gear II meshing with gear I; the two upper rubber rollers are respectively rubber roller I and rubber roller II, and the roller shaft of rubber roller I is fixed with gear III passing through. Gear I connected by chain drive, gear II connected with gear IV through chain drive is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller II. The split drive device of this optimization scheme uses the drive motor I to provide power, and realizes the transmission of power in different directions through the meshing of the gear I and the gear II, so that the two upper rubber rollers turn in opposite directions and work together with the rubber side plates on both sides respectively. The rubbing and squeezing of garlic is realized, the transmission mechanism is simple, and the structure arrangement is convenient.

As an optimization, the two lower rubber rollers are respectively rubber roller III and rubber roller IV. Gear V is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller III, and gear ⅲ is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller I, which is connected with gear V through a chain drive. , Gear Ⅵ is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller IV, and gear ⅳ which is connected with gear Ⅵ through chain transmission is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller Ⅱ. In the optimized scheme, the transmission mechanism of the upper rubber roller and the lower rubber roller is simple in structure, the chain meshes with the sprockets on the gears to realize transmission, prevents slippage, has high reliability of force transmission, and is low in production cost.

As an optimization, an initial splitting rubbing device and a conveying device are also installed on the chassis. The feeding end of the conveying device corresponds to the discharging end of the initial splitting rubbing device, and the discharging end of the conveying device corresponds to the feeding end of the splitting device. mouth corresponds. In this optimization scheme, the garlic is divided into primary segments by the set primary segmented rubbing device, and the primary segmented garlic is delivered to the segmented device through the conveying device, which improves the efficiency of segmenting, the segmenting is more thorough, and at the same time, the entry into the segment is improved. The garlic size of the flap device is reduced, thereby reducing the deformation and wear of the rubber side plate and prolonging the service life.

As an optimization, the initial splitting kneading device includes a transmission track mounted on the supporting side plate, a drive motor II that drives the transmission track to rotate, a kneading plate located above the transmission track, and the four-bar linkage mechanism I drives the kneading plate to reciprocate toward the transmission track. Type moving drive motor III. The initial splitting rubbing device of this optimized scheme uses the drive motor II to drive the transmission crawler to rotate, conveys the garlic to the conveying device, and uses the rubbing plate to initially rub and squeeze the garlic on the transmission crawler to realize the preliminary splitting of the garlic.

As an optimization, the four-bar linkage mechanism I includes a transverse link, a rear link, a kneading board main frame and a front link that are hinged end to end through the hinge shaft. The hinge shaft between the transverse link and the front link is fixed with the front link is connected and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the drive motor III, and the bottom surface of the main frame of the kneading board is hinged to the said kneading board. The four-bar linkage mechanism of this optimization scheme is set up. Drive motor III drives the front link to rotate clockwise. The front link is used as the main driving rod. Drive the main frame of the rubbing board to move back and forth, and then drive the rubbing board to move back and forth towards the transmission track, and connect the rubbing board and the main frame of the rubbing board hingedly, so that the rubbing board can rotate relative to the main frame of the rubbing board, which can adapt to different sizes of garlic and avoid pairing Garlic causes damage.

As an optimization, the conveying device includes a conveying frame fixedly connected with the supporting side plate and a conveying belt installed on the conveying frame, and the conveying frame is rotatably connected with the chassis through a supporting rotating shaft extending vertically. In this optimization scheme, the conveying frame is set to be rotatable, and the conveying device can be turned to one side of the grading device in the non-working state to reduce the occupied space.

As an optimization, a cleaning device is also included. The cleaning device includes a wind separation mechanism installed on the outer box and a high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism located between the valve splitting device and the grading device. The high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism It includes a plane screen and a drive motor IV that drives the plane screen to reciprocate. In this optimization scheme, the garlic is cleaned by setting a cleaning device, and the lighter debris such as garlic skins generated when the valve splitting device is removed is removed by the wind separation mechanism. The different physical characteristics of the quality of the stem and the garlic seed make the garlic seed in the front and the garlic stem and other debris in the back, and the garlic seed has a forward movement trend, and the garlic stem and other debris have a backward movement trend, which realizes the integration of garlic. The stem is separated from the garlic seed.

This scheme also provides a control method for the above-mentioned garlic clove grading mechanized device, comprising the following steps:

1. After the garlic is poured into the material box, the reel in the material box is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the garlic seeds fall to the transmission crawler, and the transmission crawler is driven by a high-frequency vibration motor to vibrate at a high frequency, so that the garlic will face downward. orderly control, the control end drives the connecting rod mechanism through the drive motor to realize the reciprocating motion of the scrubbing board to squeeze the garlic to realize the initial splitting of the garlic;

2. The divided garlic falls on the conveyor belt of the conveying device with the rotation of the conveying crawler. The garlic is conveyed by the rotation of the conveyor belt. The signal is detected by the pressure sensor set at the bottom of the conveyor belt, and the single-chip microcomputer is used as the controller. , to control the rotation speed of the drive motor of the conveying device, so that the garlic after the initial splitting is quantitatively fed into the splitting device;

3. Use the pressure sensor set on the rubber side plate to detect the signal. When the pressure on both sides exceeds the safe value of garlic damage, the pressure sensor transmits the detected signal to the controller, so that the rubber roller drive motor rotates in the reverse direction, and the signal is fed back at the same time. To the drive motor on the conveyor belt, the speed of the drive motor of the conveyor belt is reduced, the feeding amount of garlic is reduced, and the smooth progress of garlic cloves is ensured;

4. The divided garlic seeds fall to the plane screen. Using the characteristics of different quality of garlic rods and garlic seeds, the four-bar linkage mechanism generates a certain vibration frequency when the eccentric wheel rotates to drive the plane screen to make a rotary motion. The garlic seeds are separated, the garlic seeds are in the front, and the garlic sticks and other debris are behind, and the garlic seeds have a forward movement trend, and the garlic sticks and other debris have a backward movement trend. a downward movement into the grading device;

5. After the garlic seeds enter the grading device, the garlic grading treatment is realized through the effective control of the vibration frequency.

The control method of this scheme ensures the automatic operation of garlic in the whole process of dividing and grading, which is of great significance to the whole process of mechanized dividing and grading of garlic.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the cloves, cleaning and grading of garlic can be completed at one time, the integrated processing of the initial processing of garlic is realized, the whole set of technologies is assembled on one machine, the integrity and mobility are strong, and the garlic is accelerated. mechanized seeding process;

Through the vibration adjustment technology, the garlic roots on the transmission track are arranged downward in an orderly manner, and the reciprocating and rotating motion of the rubbing plate squeezes and rubs the orderly arranged garlic on the transmission track to complete the preliminary division of the garlic, ensuring the garlic After entering the valve splitting device, the splitting can be better completed and the splitting efficiency can be improved;

It can be quantitatively designed according to the different feeding amounts of the garlic clove device. There is a pressure sensor on the garlic conveying device. Through the coupling of the pressure sensor and the drive motor, the real-time variable speed adjustment and transmission of garlic are tested to ensure that the garlic can be fed quantitatively. To the valve splitting device, the problems of insufficient garlic feeding, low work efficiency, excessive feeding and clogging of garlic seeds are effectively avoided;

The valve splitting device is set as a double-set rubber roller stacking valve mechanism, which effectively realizes the splitting of garlic, and the two sides feed garlic in both directions. The layered arrangement of rubber rollers can divide the garlic twice, which improves the efficiency of valve segmentation and avoids the problems of low valve segmentation efficiency, serious damage to garlic seeds, and high peeling rate that appear in traditional garlic cloning machinery;

The garlic cleaning device adopts wind separation and vibrating screen cleaning, which can effectively separate the impurities of different qualities such as garlic skin, garlic stem, garlic root, and garlic stem-garlic root connection generated in the process of garlic splitting. Reduce the impurity content and reduce a lot of manual cleaning costs;

The garlic grading device adopts a multi-stage vibration cleaning device, which can effectively divide the divided garlic seeds into three sizes and specifications, and accelerate the process of garlic sowing.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the front view of the whole machine;

Figure 2 is the left side view of the whole machine;

Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the whole machine;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the valve splitting device;

Fig. 5 is the left side view of the valve splitting device;

Figure 6 is a top view of the split device;

Fig. 7 is the axonometric view of the double-set rubber roller laminated splitting mechanism;

Fig. 8 is the front view of the double-set rubber roller laminated splitting mechanism;

Figure 9 is a left side view of the grading device;

Figure 10 is a left side view of the initial split valve rubbing device and the delivery device;

Figure 11 is a front view of the conveying device;

Figure 12 is a front view of the structure of the initial split valve rubbing device;

Shown in the picture:

1. Chassis, 2. Initial splitting and rubbing device, 3. Conveying device, 4. Splitting device, 5. Cleaning device, 6. Grading device, 7. Control device, 101, Walking wheel, 102, Suspension rod, 103 , Damping spring, 201, Material box, 202, Material box support rod, 203, Kneading and splitting mechanism, 301, Conveying motor, 302, Track side baffle, 303, Spring tensioning device, 304, Conveyor belt, 305, Drive Roller I, 306, Drive Roller II, 307, Separator, 401, Feed Port, 402, Outer Box, 403, Splitter Bracket, 404, Spring Adjustment Mechanism, 406, Drive Motor I, 407, Gearbox, 408, Gear I, 409, Gear II, 410, Gear III, 411, Gear IV, 412, Chain I, 413, Gear I, 414, Gear II, 415, Gear III, 416, Gear V, 417 , Rubber roller I, 418, Chain II, 419, Rubber roller III, 420, Gear IV, 421, Chain III, 422, Gear VI, 423, Rubber roller II, 424, Rubber roller IV, 425, Right side rubber side plate , 426, left side plastic side plate, 427, shunt plate, 428, shunt discharge plate, 429, chain IV, 501, fan channel, 502, support plate, 503, cleaning fan, 504, fan, 505, drive motor Ⅳ, 506, connecting rod, 507, plane screen, 508, active rod, 509, eccentric wheel, 510, wind-selected cleaning port, 601, three asynchronous electric vibration pump, 602, fixing bolt, 603, first-level vibration type Perforated sieve, 604, two-stage vibrating perforated sieve, 605, three-stage vibrating perforated sieve, 606, four-stage vibrating perforated sieve, 607, five-stage vibrating perforated sieve, 608, six-stage vibrating perforated sieve, 609, Bottom collecting plane, 610, cleaning port, 611, collecting pipe, 612, tripod, 613, vibration frame, 2031, transverse link, 2032, rear link, 2033, kneading plate, 2034, crawler roller I, 2035, Crawler Roller II, 2036, Main Frame of Scraping Plate, 2037, Front Link, 2038, Supporting Side Plate, 2039, Transmission Track.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the solution, the solution will be described below through specific implementations.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a mechanized device for classifying garlic cloves comprises a chassis 1, and a first-divided valve rubbing device 2, a conveying device 3, a valve-dividing device 4, a cleaning device 5, and a grading device 6 on the installation chassis, And a set of intelligent control device7. Chassis 1 is a wheeled chassis installed with a traveling wheel 101 and a traveling drive, and the wheeled chassis is the support and installation platform of the whole machine; the initial splitting and rubbing device 2 is located at the leftmost front end of the whole machine, and is used to collect the dumped garlic, And carry out primary garlic splitting; the conveying device 3 is installed on the left front side of the whole machine and the rear side of the initial splitting and rubbing device 2. The feeding end of the conveying device corresponds to the discharging end of the initial splitting and rubbing device, and the discharging end of the conveying device corresponds to The end corresponds to the feeding port of the splitting device; the splitting device 4 is installed on the uppermost side of the wheeled chassis 1 and on the right side of the conveying device 3, and the speed of the rubber roller can be adjusted by driving the motor I406. The feeding port of the grading device corresponds to; the cleaning device 5 is installed at the lower part of the double-set rubber roller stacked valve device, including wind selection and vibrating screen cleaning, which can remove all kinds of impurities generated in the process of garlic clove separation. Separation; classification device 6 is installed at the bottom of the cleaning device 5 to realize the classification of garlic cloves, and the tail end outlet of the classification device is equipped with a woven bag to realize the collection of garlic cloves after classification.

The chassis 1 includes a chassis bracket 105 , a mounting bracket for a garlic split device, a steering system, a shock-absorbing spring 103 and a suspension rod 102 . The chassis bracket 105 is welded by 50mm thick steel pipe; the double-set rubber roller laminated splitting mechanism is installed on the upper side of the chassis bracket 105 through the splitter bracket 403, which is used to fix the double-set rubber roller laminated splitting device; Suspension rod 102 is mounted on the front of the chassis bracket 105, and travel is achieved by suspending the power machinery. The walking wheel 101 is used to bear the weight of the whole body and ensure the normal forward movement of the body and complete the turning of the machine; the turning mechanism is installed behind the suspension rod to realize the turning of the machine during the traveling process. On the chassis support 105, it is used to ensure the normal operation of the garlic classification device; the control device is used to regulate and control the initial splitting rubbing device 2, the conveying device 3, the splitting device 4 and the grading device 6 assembled on the wheeled chassis.

The initial splitting and rubbing device includes a garlic material box 201 and a rubbing and splitting mechanism 203. The bottom of the material box 201 is hinged with a material box support rod 202 to support the material box. The installation height of the garlic hopper 201 should not be higher than 1m on the ground, which is convenient for the dumping and loading of garlic. The garlic hopper is installed with a reel connected to the drive motor, and the reel is used for unloading, so that the garlic falls to the transmission on the track.

The kneading and splitting mechanism 203 includes a transmission track 2039, a track roller I 2034, a track roller II 2035, a four-bar linkage mechanism I, a kneading plate 2033, a driving motor II, a driving motor III, a vibration motor and a supporting side plate 2038. The transmission track 2039 is installed on the support side plate 2038 through the track roller I2034 and the track roller II 2035. Both the track roller I2034 and the track roller II 2035 are rotatably connected with the support side plate 2038. The transmission track 2039 is sleeved on the track roller I2034 and the track roller II 2035. The drive motor II is connected with the roller shaft of the crawler roller I 2034. The transmission crawler belt 2039 is rotated by the crawler roller I 2034 and the crawler roller II 2035 under the control of the drive motor II, and the garlic unloaded from the reel is transported and transported. The vibration motor is installed on the support side plate 2038 and is located inside the ring of the transmission track 2039. The vibration motor makes the transmission track and the track roller vibrate as a whole to realize the vibration of the transmission track 2039. The characteristics of vibration are used to realize the orderly delivery of garlic seeds during transportation. Arranged to facilitate the preliminary division of garlic seeds.

There is a kneading board 2033 above the transmission track 2039. The driving motor III drives the kneading board to move reciprocally toward the transmission track through the four-link mechanism I. The kneading board 2033 consists of two layers of materials, the lower layer is a silicone plate, and the upper layer is a solid steel plate structure. It can rotate up and down to meet a certain degree of freedom, so as to adapt to the primary split of garlic heads of different sizes. Specifically, the four-bar linkage mechanism I includes a transverse link 2031, a rear link 2032, a kneading board main frame 2036 and a front link 2037, which are hinged end to end through a hinge shaft in sequence, and a hinge between the transverse link 2031 and the front link 2037 The shaft is fixedly connected with the front link 2037 and with the output shaft of the drive motor III, and the bottom surface of the main frame of the kneading board 2036 is hinged to the said kneading board 2033 . The front link 2037 is connected as the main driving rod, the driving motor drives the front link 2037 to rotate clockwise, the front link 2037 and the rear link 2032 make circular motions around the two ends of the transverse link 2031, thereby driving the main frame of the kneading board 2036, the kneading board realizes reciprocating rotary motion, the movement direction is consistent with the direction of the transmission track 2039, and the distance between the kneading board 2033 and the transmission track 2039 is not more than 10cm, which is used to achieve the orderly progress of garlic. Preliminarily rubbing and rolling to achieve splitting.

The conveying device 3 includes a conveying frame fixedly connected with the supporting side plate 2038 and a conveying belt 304 installed on the conveying frame. The conveying frame is provided with a crawler side baffle 302, a spring tensioning device 303, and a transmission roller shaft I305. Roller II 306 and conveying motor 301. The conveying surface of the conveyor belt 304 is provided with partitions 307 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction to ensure that the garlic is transported upward along the conveyor belt 304, and crawler side baffles 302 are installed on both sides of the conveyor belt 304 to prevent the garlic from falling from both sides and leakage. The drive roller shaft I305 and the drive roller shaft II 306 are respectively installed at both ends of the conveyor belt 304 to realize the transmission of the conveyor belt 304; The spring tensioning device 303 includes an adjusting bolt 3031, a tensioning spring 3033 and an adjusting nut 3032. The tensioning device 303 is arranged at the entrance below the conveying device 3 to realize the tensioning of the conveying belt 304; In order to detect the weight of garlic seeds on the conveyor belt, through coupling with the conveying motor 301, the quantitative transmission and quantitative feeding of garlic can be realized. The conveyor frame is rotatably connected to the chassis through a supporting rotating shaft extending vertically, the upper end of the supporting rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the conveyor frame, and the lower end of the supporting rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the chassis, or the lower end of the supporting rotating shaft is connected to the chassis. It is fixedly connected, and the upper end of the supporting rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the conveyor frame. At the beginning of the work, it is necessary to rotate the initial splitting rubbing device and the conveying device 90 degrees counterclockwise along the supporting rotating shaft. At this time, the discharge port of the conveying device is located above the splitting device. valve device.

The valve splitting device 4 includes a spring adjustment mechanism 404 , a double-set rubber roller laminated valve splitting mechanism, and an outer box 402 fixedly connected to the chassis through a splitter bracket 403 . The top of the outer box is provided with a feeding port 401, the bottom of the feeding port 401 is connected with the outer box 402, and the feeding port 401 is rectangular, the length direction is consistent with the installation direction of the rubber roller, and the feeding port 401 is fixed with a They extend down to the diverter plates 427 of the two upper rubber rollers in the double-set rubber roller stacked valve mechanism respectively, so as to realize the distribution of garlic after entering from the feeding port 401 . The outer box body 402 is provided with a fan installation port, an air separation cleaning port 510, a discharge port, a rubber roller installation port, and a diversion discharge plate 428 located in the outer box above the discharge port to realize garlic diversion and avoid garlic. blocked.

The double-set rubber roller layered valve mechanism utilizes the special structure of the silicone roller and the differential speed principle with the silicone side plate to realize the segmentation of garlic. Specifically, the double-set rubber roller layered split mechanism includes two upper rubber rollers that are rotatably connected in the outer box and a split drive device that drives the two upper rubber rollers to rotate in opposite directions. A rubber side plate is installed, and a garlic primary extrusion channel is formed between the rubber side plate and the upper rubber roller. The rubber side plates on both sides are the right side rubber side plate 425 and the left side rubber side plate 426, which are respectively installed in the empty box of the box. On the side wall of the cavity, there is a certain working gap with the rubber roller as the extrusion channel. There are also two lower rubber rollers rotatably connected in the outer box. The two lower rubber rollers are respectively located under the two upper rubber rollers. The upper rubber roller on the same side is connected with the lower rubber roller and has the same rotation direction. Form a secondary extrusion channel for garlic. The split drive device includes a drive motor I406 fixed on the outer casing, a shaft I coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drive motor I406, and a shaft II rotatably connected with the outer casing. The shaft I is fixed with gears I408 and Gear III 410, gear IV 411 is fixed on shaft II, and gear II 409 meshing with gear I 408, gear III 410 and gear IV 411 are staggered, both gear I 408 and gear II 409 are set in the gear box 407, and the drive motor I 406 transmits power to Gear I408, gear I408 and gear II409 mesh with each other for transmission to realize the transmission of power in different directions.

The two upper rubber rollers in this embodiment are respectively rubber roller I417 and rubber roller II423. During operation, rubber roller I417 rotates counterclockwise to the left, rubber roller II423 rotates clockwise to the right, and the roller shaft of rubber roller I417 is fixed with a Gear I413 is connected with gear III410 through chain IV429, and the roller shaft of rubber roller II423 is fixed with gear II414 which is connected with gear IV411 through chain I412. The two lower rubber rollers are respectively rubber roller III419 and rubber roller IV424. Gear V416 is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller III419. Gear Ⅴ415 is fixed on the roller shaft of rubber roller I417, which is connected with gear V416 through chain II418. Gear VI422 is fixed on the roller shaft of roller IV424, and gear IV420 is fixedly connected with gear VI422 through chain III421 on the roller shaft of rubber roller II423.

The roller shafts of rubber roller I417, rubber roller II423, rubber roller III419 and rubber roller IV424 are all connected to the outer box in rotation. All are silicone side panels. There are teeth with a certain angle on the outer profile of the rubber roller, which can better apply the force to the garlic. There is a spring adjustment mechanism on the outside of the silicone side plate, which can effectively control the working space dynamically and prevent the garlic from being squeezed and damaged. . The rubber roller I417 and the rubber roller II423 are installed on both sides of the cavity of the box to realize the one-time roller-pressing and splitting of the garlic. , to achieve secondary roll-pressing of garlic cloves.

The spring adjustment mechanism 404 is used to adjust the working gap between the silicone side plate and the silicone roller, so as to reduce the damage when the garlic is divided. The spring adjustment mechanism includes eight adjustment bolts and buffer springs which are arranged on the side walls of the outer box. The rubber side plates are installed on the boxes on both sides of the valve splitter through the adjustment bolts and buffer springs. When it is too large, the silicone side plate pushes the buffer spring on the adjusting bolt, and the buffer spring is compressed to realize the expansion of the working gap; on the contrary, when the volume of the garlic head decreases, the buffer spring expands to realize the tightening of the working gap.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the cleaning device 5 includes a winnowing mechanism installed on the outer box and a high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism located between the valve splitting device and the grading device. The air separation mechanism includes a cleaning fan 503, a fan channel 501, a fan 504 and a support plate 502. The fan 504 is installed on the cleaning fan 503, and the air flow generated by the cleaning fan 503 through the fan 504 is confluent under the action of the fan channel 501. The baffle plate evenly enters the cavity of the outer box of the valve splitting device, and the light impurities such as garlic skin and garlic whiskers generated after the garlic split can be preliminarily removed by designing the air volume. The support plate 502 is fixed on the fan channel. Inside, it is used to provide support for the installation of the fan.

The high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism includes a connecting rod 506, an active rod 508, an eccentric wheel 509, a plane screen 507 and a drive motor IV505 that drives the plane screen to reciprocate. Separation, the garlic seeds enter the grading device 6 to ensure that the garlic seeds entering the grading device are clean. The bottom surface of the plane screen 507 is hinged with four connecting rods 506 to realize the vibrating reciprocating motion of the plane screen 507. The whole plane screen is inclined to the feeding port of the grading device to facilitate the rolling of garlic seeds to the grading device. One end of the active rod 508 is hinged to the middle connection of the plane screen 507, and the other end is hinged to the eccentric wheel 509. The rotation center of the eccentric wheel 509 is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor IV505, and the drive motor IV505 provides power to make the eccentric wheel rotate to achieve Power transmission, using the different quality characteristics of garlic rods and garlic seeds, the four-bar linkage mechanism rotates the eccentric wheel to make a rotary motion and generate a certain vibration frequency to separate the garlic rods and garlic seeds. The object is behind, and the garlic seeds have a forward movement trend, and the sundries such as garlic sticks have a backward movement trend. The unequal length of the connecting rod makes the plane screen inclined to realize the downward movement of the garlic seeds into the grading device 6, and through the plane The sieve 507 separates the garlic stems and garlic roots from the divided garlic seeds, so as to ensure that no impurities exist in the garlic seed grading device, and to obtain clean garlic seeds.

The grading device includes a vibrating frame 613 connected to the chassis through a spring 103, and several stages of screens installed on the vibrating frame and distributed layer by layer in the vertical direction. It is a multi-stage vibrating hole sieve, which is fixed on the connecting frame 613 by connecting and fixing bolts 602 , and a cleaning port 610 is provided on the side of the connecting frame 613 . The bottom of the vibration frame 613 is welded with a triangular support 612, and two vibration pumps and three asynchronous electric motors 601 are installed on the triangular support 612. The provision of vibration power for the device. The screen includes six-stage vibrating mesh screens arranged in sequence from top to bottom: the first-stage vibrating mesh sieve 603, the second-stage vibrating mesh mesh 604, the third-stage vibrating mesh mesh 605, the fourth-stage vibrating mesh mesh 606, The five-stage vibrating perforated screen 607 and the six-stage vibrating perforated screen 608. At the same time, the holes in the six-stage vibrating hole screen are classified into three-stage holes according to the size of garlic, so as to ensure that the classification of garlic species is completed. The bottom collecting plane 609 of the last layer; the collecting pipe 611 is set as a discharge port at the front of each layer of the vibrating mesh screen, and the front end of the discharge port of the collecting pipe is bundled with a collecting bag to realize the bagging of classified garlic seeds.

The control method of the mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

1. After the garlic is poured into the material box, the reel in the material box is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the garlic seeds fall to the transmission crawler, and the transmission crawler is driven by a high-frequency vibration motor to vibrate at a high frequency, so that the garlic will face downward. orderly control, the control end drives the connecting rod mechanism through the drive motor to realize the reciprocating motion of the scrubbing board to squeeze the garlic to realize the initial splitting of the garlic;

2. The garlic after the initial split falls to the conveyor belt of the conveying device with the rotation of the conveyor belt. The garlic is conveyed by the rotation of the conveyor belt. The signal is detected by the pressure sensor set at the bottom of the conveyor belt, and the C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer is used as the controller and the special motor. The driving chip controls the rotation speed of the driving motor of the conveying device, so that the garlic after the initial splitting is quantitatively fed into the splitting device;

3. Use the pressure sensor set on the rubber side plate to detect the signal. When the pressure on both sides exceeds the safe value of garlic damage, the pressure sensor transmits the detected signal to the controller, so that the rubber roller drive motor rotates in the reverse direction, and the signal is fed back at the same time. To the drive motor on the conveyor belt, the speed of the drive motor of the conveyor belt is reduced, the feeding amount of garlic is reduced, and the smooth progress of garlic cloves is ensured;

4. The divided garlic seeds fall to the plane screen. Using the characteristics of different quality of garlic rods and garlic seeds, the four-bar linkage mechanism generates a certain vibration frequency when the eccentric wheel rotates to drive the plane screen to make a rotary motion. The garlic seeds are separated, the garlic seeds are in the front, and the garlic sticks and other debris are behind, and the garlic seeds have a forward movement trend, and the garlic sticks and other debris have a backward movement trend. a downward movement into the grading device;

5. After the garlic seeds enter the grading device, the garlic grading treatment is realized through the effective control of the vibration frequency.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using the existing technology, and will not be repeated here; the above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not It is a limitation of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that changes, modifications, The additions or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A mechanized device for dividing and classifying garlic, it is characterized in that: comprise a chassis (1), and install the dividing device (4) and the grading device (6) on the chassis, the outlet of the dividing device and the grading device. corresponding to the feeding port; The flap device includes an outer box (402) fixed to the chassis, two upper rubber rollers rotatably connected to the outer box, and a split drive device for driving the two upper rubber rollers to rotate in opposite directions. A rubber side plate is installed between the rubber side plate and the upper rubber roller, and a garlic primary extrusion channel is formed between the rubber side plate and the upper rubber roller; the top of the outer box is provided with a feeding port (401), and the feeding port is fixed with a separate Diverter plate (427) extending to the two upper rubber rollers; The grading device includes a vibration frame connected to the chassis through a spring (103), and several levels of screen meshes installed on the vibration frame and distributed layer by layer in the vertical direction. The discharge end of each screen mesh is provided with a collecting pipe ( 611). 2. The garlic clove grading mechanization device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two lower rubber rollers are also rotatably connected in the outer box, and the two lower rubber rollers are respectively located below the two upper rubber rollers, and are located on the same side of the gluing rollers. The roller is connected with the lower rubber roller and has the same direction of rotation, and a secondary extrusion channel of garlic is formed between the rubber side plate and the lower rubber roller. 3. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves according to claim 2, characterized in that: the splitting drive device comprises a drive motor I (406) fixed on the outer box body, and is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the drive motor I (406). Gear I (408) and gear III (410) are fixed on the shaft I, and gear IV (411) is fixed on the shaft II, and gear I (411) is fixed on the shaft II. 408) Meshing gear II (409); The two upper rubber rollers are respectively the rubber roller I (417) and the rubber roller II (423). The roller shaft of the rubber roller I (417) is fixed with a gear I (413) connected with the gear III (410) through a chain drive. The roller shaft of the rubber roller II (423) is fixedly equipped with a gear II (414) which is connected with the gear IV (411) through a chain drive. 4. The garlic clove grading mechanization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the two lower rubber rollers are respectively rubber roller III (419) and rubber roller IV (424), on the roller shaft of rubber roller III (419). Gear Ⅴ (416) is fixedly installed, the roller shaft of rubber roller I (417) is fixed with gear Ⅴ (415) connected with gear V (416) through chain transmission, and the roller shaft of rubber roller IV (424) is fixed on the roller shaft. Gear VI (422) is installed, and the roller shaft of the rubber roller II (423) is fixedly equipped with a gear IV (420) which is connected with the gear VI (422) through a chain drive. 5. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chassis is also provided with a first-divided valve rubbing device (2) and a conveying device (3). The discharge end of the split rubbing device corresponds to the discharge end of the conveying device and the feed port of the split device corresponds. 6. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves according to claim 5, characterized in that: the initial splitting and rubbing device comprises a transmission crawler (2039) installed on a supporting side plate (2038), a drive motor II that drives the transmission crawler to rotate , a kneading plate (2033) located above the transmission crawler (2039), and a drive motor III that drives the kneading plate to move reciprocally toward the transmission crawler through the four-bar linkage mechanism I. 7. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves according to claim 6, characterized in that: the four-bar linkage mechanism I comprises a transverse connecting rod (2031), a rear connecting rod (2032), a main and The frame (2036) and the front link (2037), the hinge shaft between the transverse link (2031) and the front link (2037) is fixed with the front link (2037) and with the output shaft of the drive motor III, The bottom surface of the main frame of the kneading board (2036) is hinged to the said kneading board (2033). 8. The garlic clove grading mechanized device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the conveying device comprises a conveying frame fixedly connected with the supporting side plate (2038) and a conveying belt installed on the conveying frame, and the conveying frame passes through A support rotating shaft extending vertically is connected with the chassis in rotation. 9. The mechanized device for dividing and grading garlic cloves according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a cleaning device (5), and the cleaning device (5) comprises an air selection mechanism installed on the outer box and a A high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism between the flap device and the classification device, the high-frequency vibration cleaning mechanism includes a plane screen (507) and a drive motor IV (505) that drives the plane screen to reciprocate. 10. a control method of any one of claims 1～9 garlic clove grading mechanized device, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: (1) After the garlic is poured into the material box, the reel in the material box is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the garlic seeds fall to the transmission crawler, and the transmission crawler is driven by a high-frequency vibration motor to vibrate at a high frequency, so that the garlic can realize the direction of the garlic root. Under the orderly control, the control end drives the link mechanism through the drive motor to realize the reciprocating motion of the rubbing board to squeeze the garlic to realize the initial splitting of the garlic; (2) The divided garlic falls on the conveying belt of the conveying device with the rotation of the conveying crawler. The garlic is conveyed by the rotation of the conveying belt. The signal is detected by the pressure sensor set at the bottom of the conveying belt. The chip controls the rotational speed of the drive motor of the conveying device, so that the garlic after the initial splitting is quantitatively fed into the splitting device; (3) Use the pressure sensor set at the rubber side plate to detect the signal. When the pressure on both sides exceeds the safe value of garlic damage, the pressure sensor transmits the detected signal to the controller, so that the rubber roller drive motor rotates in the reverse direction, and at the same time the signal is transmitted to the controller. Feedback to the drive motor on the conveyor belt reduces the speed of the drive motor of the conveyor belt and reduces the feeding amount of garlic; (4) The divided garlic seeds fall to the plane screen. Using the characteristics of different quality of garlic rods and garlic seeds, the four-bar linkage mechanism generates a certain vibration frequency when the eccentric wheel rotates to drive the plane screen to make a rotary motion. 、Separation of garlic seeds, garlic seeds are in the front, garlic rods and other debris are behind, and garlic seeds have a forward movement trend, garlic rods and other debris have a backward movement trend, and the plane screen is inclined through the height difference of the connecting rod. The garlic seeds move downward and enter the grading device; (5) After the garlic seeds enter the grading device, the garlic grading treatment is realized through the effective control of the vibration frequency.

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