CN113396690A

CN113396690A - All-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine

Info

Publication number: CN113396690A
Application number: CN202010184504.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米承继; 银如平; 张栋; 梁婵兰; 邵攀峰; 张小阳; 贺庆辉
Original assignee: Hunan University of Technology
Current assignee: Hunan University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-03-17
Filing date: 2020-03-17
Publication date: 2021-09-17

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-terrain peanut picking and shelling integrated machine, which mainly comprises a picking and picking mechanism (4), a synchronous belt conveying mechanism (3), a threshing drum (7), a vibrating screen (8) and a drying device (6) , a rolling shelling mechanism (5), a frame (10), a peanut storage box (11), the picking and picking mechanism (4) plays the role of shoveling and picking up peanut seedlings, and its height can be adjusted to suit different terrains; the threshing drum (7) beats the peanuts through the high-speed rotating separation shaft (15), and plays the role of threshing and separating peanuts; the vibrating screen (8) plays the role of desilting; the drying device ( 6) It is installed at the discharge port of the vibrating screen (8), and plays the role of drying peanuts; the rolling shelling mechanism (5) is installed at the discharge port of the drying device (6). It plays the role of shelling and separation; the frame (10) is a welded part and plays a supporting role. The invention can adapt to changes in terrain, integrates picking, threshing and shelling, improves the threshing rate and shelling rate of peanuts, has high efficiency and is easy to operate.

Description

All-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine.

Technical Field

In recent years, with the development of the peanut industry, people have more and more demand for peanuts. China is the main peanut producing country and peanut consuming country in the world, and is also the largest peanut export country in the world, and the total amount of produced peanuts also occupies the first place in the world. However, the existing peanut harvesting in China is mainly manual, and the mechanization degree is not high. In addition, the existing peanut harvesting machine has few functions, most of the existing peanut harvesting machines are single-function picking and shelling machines, the efficiency is low, and the machine integration of the whole process of peanut harvesting cannot be realized. For example, Chongqing high and dry land Rui equip technology Inc. invented a peanut picking device (publication: CN107950169A) which picks peanuts with a telescoping mechanism, and the picking scheme has high leakage rate and no shelling mechanism. The German academy of occupational and technology invented peanut picker (publication No. CN202310626U) which has complex picking structure, poor stability and is not suitable for steeper terrains. The Nanjing industry academy of occupational technology invented an automatic peanut picker device (publication No. CN204579148U) picks peanuts by a claw mechanism, and has the advantages of high automation degree, no threshing mechanism, no hulling mechanism and single function.

In conclusion, the existing peanut picking, threshing and hulling machine has single function, the picking rate and efficiency are still to be improved, and no equipment for integrating the peanut picking, threshing and hulling is provided. Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for an improved apparatus to solve the existing series of problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide the all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine, which effectively improves the picking efficiency, the threshing rate and the shelling rate.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine which mainly comprises a picking and picking mechanism, a synchronous belt conveying mechanism, a threshing roller, a vibrating screen, a drying device, a rolling and shelling mechanism, a frame and a peanut storage box, wherein the picking and picking mechanism plays a role in shoveling and pulling and picking peanut seedlings, and the height of the picking and picking mechanism can be adjusted to adapt to different terrains; the threshing cylinder beats peanuts through a separation shaft rotating at a high speed to perform the functions of threshing and separating the peanuts; the vibrating screen plays a role in removing mud; the drying device is arranged at the discharge port of the vibrating screen and plays a role of drying the peanut kernels; the rolling hulling mechanism is arranged at a discharge port of the drying device and plays roles in hulling and separating; the frame is a welding part and plays a supporting role.

The picking and picking mechanism consists of a double-sided seedling pulling shovel, a hand-simulated picking roller and a spiral conveying mechanism, wherein the double-sided seedling pulling shovel is conical and plays a role in shoveling and pulling seedlings; the hand-simulated picking roller plays a role in picking peanut seedlings, and the left and right threads of the spiral conveying mechanism are opposite in rotating direction, so that the peanut seedlings are gathered.

The double-sided seedling pulling shovel is 9 in total, is 350mm apart, and is welded on the shovel frame.

The hand-imitating picking roller, the spiral conveying mechanism and the bearing are arranged on the shovel frame in a matching way.

The human hand imitating picking roller is provided with 48 groups of human hand imitating picking hook groups which are evenly welded on a hexagonal frame, and each corner of the hexagonal frame is provided with 8 groups of human hand imitating picking hook groups; the distance between the human hand imitating picking hook groups is 350mm, the human hand imitating picking hook groups comprise 4 picking hooks, and the distance between the picking hooks is 50 mm.

The upper part of the inner side of the threshing cylinder is in a long strip tooth shape, and a detachable side cover of the threshing cylinder is arranged on the side edge of the threshing cylinder through a pin; the detachable side cover is provided with a waste material port, the upper part of the threshing cylinder is provided with a feed inlet and is provided with a feed guardrail through welding, and the lower part of the threshing cylinder is provided with a threshing screen.

The separation shaft is arranged at the central position of the threshing cylinder (7) through a tapered roller bearing; the left end of the separating shaft is connected with the belt pulley through a flat key.

The surface of the separating shaft is provided with hook teeth in a welding way, the hook teeth are distributed on the surface of the separating shaft in a thread way, and the tail part of the separating shaft is welded with a water-flowing throwing edge.

The rolling hulling mechanism consists of toothed rolling wheels, 12 material guide wheels and a dedusting fan.

The tooth-shaped rolling wheel is matched with the rotating shaft through a deep groove ball bearing and is arranged on the shell of the rolling shelling mechanism; the guide wheel is fixed below the tooth-shaped rolling wheel through a pin shaft; the material guide wheels are arranged in an arc shape; the distance between the material guide wheels is 12 mm.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme's all-terrain peanut to pick shelling all-in-one mainly comprises two-sided seedling shovel of pulling out, imitative people's hand pick up gyro wheel, screw conveyor, hold-in range conveying mechanism, threshing cylinder, shale shaker, drying device, roll extrusion shelling mechanism, drive wheel, frame, peanut bin, pneumatic cylinder, steering wheel, cockpit. 9 double-sided seedling-pulling shovels can simultaneously shovel 8 rows of peanut seedlings. The peanut seedlings that can effectually pick up the gyro wheel with the shovel are hooked and are sent to toward screw conveyor, improve the picking rate to imitative people's hand. Can adjust two-sided seedling shovel of pulling out and imitate the liftoff height that the gyro wheel was picked up to the people hand through the flexible distance of adjusting hydraulic cylinder to adapt to different peanut and plant the topography, improve equipment's suitability. The screw conveying mechanism gathers 8 rows of peanut seedlings to the synchronous belt conveying mechanism, and the synchronous belt conveying mechanism conveys the peanut seedlings to a feeding hole above the threshing cylinder through the synchronous belt. The feeding guardrail can guide all peanut seedlings into the threshing cylinder to prevent the peanut seedlings from falling. The separating shaft rotates at a high speed, the peanut seedlings are hooked by the hook teeth on the separating shaft to rotate together with the separating shaft, most of soil is removed by separating the peanut grains from the peanut seedlings by colliding with the rack teeth on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder, the peanut seedlings after threshing are conveyed to the tail part of the separating shaft by the hook teeth distributed in a spiral shape, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from a waste material port of the side cover of the threshing cylinder after being shredded by the throwing blade of the tail part. The vibrating screen can remove a small amount of soil left on the peanut kernels. The drying device can dry the peanut kernels, and moisture of the peanut shells is reduced, so that toughness of the peanut shells is reduced. The rolling hulling mechanism can crush the peanut shells and separate the peanut shells and the peanuts.

In conclusion, the invention is suitable for various terrains, integrates picking, threshing and shelling, can improve the picking efficiency and ensure the threshing rate and the shelling rate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an all-terrain peanut harvesting and shelling all-in-one machine (right side);

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an all-terrain peanut harvesting and shelling all-in-one machine (left side);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shovel rack, a humanoid hand picking roller and a screw conveying mechanism of the all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the threshing cylinder and vibratory screening (de-coverplate) of the all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rolling and shelling mechanism (cover plate removing) of an all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine;

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 9, the double-sided seedling-pulling shovel 14 is welded on the shovel frame 18 at a distance of 350 mm. The hand-imitating pick-up roller 1 and the spiral conveying mechanism 2 are matched with a deep groove ball bearing 19 and are arranged on the shovel frame 18. The humanoid hand picking roller 1 is provided with 48 groups of humanoid hand picking hook groups 16 which are evenly welded on the hexagonal frame 20, each corner of the hexagonal frame 20 is provided with 8 groups of humanoid hand picking hook groups 16, the distance between the humanoid hand picking hook groups 16 is 350mm, the humanoid hand picking hook groups 16 are provided with 4 picking hooks 15, and the distance between the picking hooks 15 is 50 mm. The hydraulic cylinder 13 fixed on the frame through the bolt 56 can telescopically adjust the distance between the double-sided seedling pulling shovel 14 and the hand picking roller 1 and the ground, the driving wheel 9 drives the equipment to move forward, the double-sided seedling pulling shovel 14 can simultaneously shovel 8 rows of peanut seedlings, the hand picking roller 1 rotates at a constant speed, and 48 groups of hand-simulated picking hook groups 16 welded on the hand picking roller 1 pick up the peanut seedlings on the ground and send the peanut seedlings to the spiral conveying mechanism 3. The peanut seedlings are gathered by the spiral conveying mechanism 3 and are sent to the synchronous belt conveying mechanism 3, and the peanut seedlings are conveyed to the feeding hole of the threshing cylinder 7 by the synchronous belt conveying mechanism 3.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the threshing cylinder 7 is in a long-strip tooth shape at the upper inner side, a detachable side cover 26 of the threshing cylinder 7 is installed on the threshing cylinder 7 through a pin 28, a feeding hole is formed above the threshing cylinder 7, a feeding guardrail 25 is installed through welding, and a threshing screen 31 is installed below the threshing cylinder 7 through welding. The separating shaft 30 is arranged in the center of the threshing cylinder 7 through a tapered roller bearing 33, and the left end of the separating shaft 30 is connected with the belt pulley 24 through a flat key 52 in a matching way. The belt pulley 24 and the belt pulley 23 form a belt wheel transmission through a belt 48. The surface of the separating shaft 30 is provided with hook teeth 27 through welding, the hook teeth 27 are distributed on the surface of the separating shaft 30 in a thread way, and the tail part of the separating shaft 30 is welded with a water-flowing throwing edge 29. The vibrating screen 8 is mounted below the threshing screen 31 by means of screws 36. A dust removing fan 21 is installed in front of the vibration sieve 8. The screw conveyor 47 is mounted on the carriage 10 by means of screws 53, and the screw conveyor 47 is connected to the outlet of the vibrating screen 8 by means of a duct 54. The bevel gear shaft 22 provides power for the vibrating screen 8 to realize vibrating and swinging. The belt pulley 23 provides power, the separating shaft 30 rotates at high speed, the hook teeth 27 on the separating shaft 30 hook peanut seedlings entering the threshing cylinder 7 to rotate together with the separating shaft 30, the peanut seedlings and the peanut seedlings are separated and most of soil is removed at the same time when the peanut seedlings collide with the rack teeth on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder, the peanut seedlings after threshing are conveyed to the tail part of the separating shaft 30 by the hook teeth 27 distributed in a spiral shape, and the peanut seedlings are cut by the throwing edge 29 on the tail part of the separating shaft 15 and then are discharged from the waste material port 60 of the side cover 26 of the threshing cylinder. The peanut kernels fall through the threshing screen 31 onto the vibrating screen 8, and the vibrating screen 8 removes a small amount of soil remaining on the peanut kernels while moving bumpy peanut kernels through the duct 54 to the screw conveyor 47.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the drying mechanism 6 is mounted on the frame 10 through a screw 55 and located at the right side of the screw conveyor 47, and a drying mechanism feed port 57 is opposite to a screw conveyor discharge port 58. The rolling hulling mechanism 5 is mounted on the frame 10 by a screw 56 and is positioned at the right side of the drying mechanism 6, and the feeding port 39 of the rolling hulling mechanism is positioned right below the discharging port 49 of the drying mechanism. The rolling hulling mechanism 5 has a toothed rolling

wheel

41, 12 guide wheels 38 and a dust removing fan 44. The tooth-shaped rolling wheels 41 are arranged on the shell 43 through the deep groove ball bearings 40 and the rotating shafts 42, the guide wheels 38 are arranged below the tooth-shaped rolling wheels 41 through the

pin shafts

46, 12 guide wheels 38 are arranged in a circular arc shape, and the distance between the guide wheels 38 is 12 mm. The discharging chute 45 is 300mm away from the guide wheel 38. The feed inlet of the screw conveyer 48 is positioned under the discharge chute 45, and the discharge outlet of the screw conveyer 48 is connected with the feed inlet of the peanut storage box 11 through a conveying pipe 54. The spiral conveyor 47 conveys the peanut kernels to the drying device 6, the drying device 6 dries the peanut kernels, and the peanut kernels are conveyed to the rolling hulling mechanism 5 after moisture of peanut shells is reduced. The tooth-shaped rolling wheel 41 of the rolling hulling mechanism 5 rotates slowly, peanut kernels are extruded by the 12 guide wheels 38 and the tooth-shaped rolling wheel 41, peanut shells can be broken, and the peanut shells and peanuts are separated by the dust removal fan 44. The peanuts slide to a feed inlet of a screw conveyer 48 from a discharge chute 45, and the screw conveyer 48 conveys the peanuts to a peanut storage box 11 for storage.

Claims

1. The invention discloses an all-terrain peanut picking and shelling all-in-one machine which mainly comprises a picking and picking mechanism (4), a synchronous belt conveying mechanism (3), a threshing cylinder (7), a vibrating screen (8), a drying device (6), a rolling and shelling mechanism (5), a frame (10) and a peanut storage box (11), wherein the picking and picking mechanism (4) plays a role in shoveling, pulling and picking peanut seedlings, and the height of the picking and picking mechanism can be adjusted to adapt to different terrains; the threshing cylinder (7) beats peanuts through a separation shaft (30) rotating at a high speed to perform the functions of threshing and separating the peanuts; the vibrating screen (8) plays a role in removing mud; the drying device (6) is arranged at the discharge port of the vibrating screen (8) and plays a role of drying peanut kernels; the rolling hulling mechanism (5) is arranged at a discharge port of the drying device (6) and plays roles in hulling and separating; the frame (10) is a welding part and plays a supporting role.

2. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the picking and picking mechanism (4) consists of a double-sided seedling pulling shovel (14), a humanoid hand picking roller (1) and a spiral conveying mechanism (2), wherein the double-sided seedling pulling shovel (14) is conical and plays a role in shoveling and pulling seedlings; the hand-simulated picking roller (1) plays a role in picking peanut seedlings, and the left and right threads of the spiral conveying mechanism (2) are opposite in rotating direction, so that the peanut seedlings are gathered.

3. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the double-sided seedling pulling shovel (14) is 9 in total, is 350mm apart, and is welded on the shovel frame (18).

4. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hand-imitating picking roller (1), the spiral conveying mechanism (2) and the deep groove ball bearing (19) are arranged on the shovel frame (18) in a matching way.

5. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the human hand imitating picking roller (1) is provided with 48 groups of human hand imitating picking hook groups (16) which are uniformly welded on a hexagonal frame (20), and each angle of the hexagonal frame (20) is provided with 8 groups of human hand imitating picking hook groups (16); the distance between the human hand imitating picking hook groups (16) is 350mm, the human hand imitating picking hook groups (16) have 4 picking hooks (15), and the distance between the picking hooks (15) is 50 mm.

6. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the inner side of the threshing cylinder (7) is in a long-strip tooth shape, and a detachable side cover (26) of the threshing cylinder (7) is arranged on the side edge of the threshing cylinder (7) through a pin (28); removable side cap (26) on set up a waste material mouth, threshing cylinder (7) top set up a feed inlet and install feeding guardrail (25) through the welding, threshing cylinder (7) under install threshing screen (31).

7. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the separation shaft (15) is arranged at the central position of the threshing cylinder (7) through a tapered roller bearing (33); the left end of the separating shaft (30) is connected with the belt pulley (24) through a flat key (52).

8. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: hook teeth (27) are installed on the surface of the separating shaft (30) through welding, the hook teeth (27) are distributed on the surface of the separating shaft (30) in a thread manner, and a water-flowing-shaped throwing edge (29) is welded at the tail of the separating shaft (30).

9. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rolling hulling mechanism (5) consists of a tooth-shaped rolling wheel (41), 12 guide wheels (38) and a dust removal fan (44).

10. An all-terrain peanut picking and shelling machine as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the tooth-shaped rolling wheel (41) is matched with the rotating shaft (42) through a deep groove ball bearing (40) and is arranged on a rolling and shelling mechanism shell (43); the material guide wheel (38) is fixed below the tooth-shaped rolling wheel (40) through a pin shaft (46); the material guide wheels (38) are arranged in a circular arc shape; the distance between the material guide wheels (38) is 12 mm.