CN111544492A - 归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病药物中的应用及制备方法 - Google Patents
归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病药物中的应用及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病药物中的应用及其制备方法,属于医药领域。所述归芪活血制剂由黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、槲寄生、鹿茸、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草、麝香、葛根、川芎13味原料药材制成,具有益气补肾,活血通络的功效。本发明归芪活血制剂能显著改善糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变引起的视网膜出血、水肿,用于治疗眼底视网膜病变特别是糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变时作用全面,毒副作用低,治疗效果优于现有治疗药物及手段。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及归芪活血制剂的应用及其制备方法,具体涉及归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病药物中的应用及其制备方法,属于医药领域。
背景技术
眼底病变包括视网膜、脉络膜、视神经及玻璃体的炎症、肿瘤,各类血管的病变,各种变性疾病及多系统疾病引起的眼部病变,不仅种类繁多,而且对视功能损害较大。目前常见影响视功能的眼底疾病有糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞等,而糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞均属于眼底血管性疾病。其中,糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变是糖尿病的严重并发症之一,有较高的致盲率,严重影响糖尿病患者的视力健康和生活质量。现代医学认为糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变是以视网膜毛细血管壁损伤及视网膜静脉阻塞为主,主要表现为视网膜微血管瘤、出血、渗出与静脉的特殊改变等。中医认为,糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变的基本病理是循环系统微血管的改变,其引起的血瘀证是糖尿病眼底出血发生、发展的基本病机。目前中西医对于该病治疗均有各自的不足,西医对糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变的治疗手段主要有手术、激光、化学药物治疗等,其不足为治疗复发率高、治疗费用高以及副作用等,并且任何手术都需要承担风险,对身体造成的伤害是不可逆的;而中医治疗糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变效果不甚明显,且见效迟缓。
糖尿病引起的视网膜病变的发病机理较为复杂,以静脉阻塞改变为主,区别于高血压引起的视网膜病变,故在选择药物治疗时要有针对性。静脉阻塞即为中医所谓的淤血,特指在经脉中的淤血,是糖尿病眼底出血发生和发展过程中的重要病理因素。中医学有“瘀血日久,变症未可预料”之说,即瘀血是病理产物,长时间的淤血又是新的致病因素。因此,在治疗糖尿病的过程中,在定期检查眼底及检测控制血糖的同时,必须配合有效治疗眼底静脉微循环的活血化瘀药物。针对目前中西医治疗糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变均没有疗效确切的药物以及现有技术手段的不足,本发明提供一种治疗糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变的中药组合物,能够改善糖尿病引起的视网膜毛细血管壁损伤和眼底静脉微循环,且可以增强毛细血管网的抗凝血作用。
专利CN1188161C公开了一种中药组合物归芪活血胶囊,由黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、槲寄生、鹿茸、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草、麝香、葛根和川芎13味原料药材制成,具有益气补肾,活血通络之效,用于颈椎病神经根型以及神经根型为主的混合型肝肾不足,气虚血瘀证,症见颈项疼痛沉重,肩背酸痛,手臂麻木,肢体萎软无力,眩晕,舌质暗红或淡有瘀斑,苔薄白,脉沉弱,或沉弦涩。归芪活血胶囊可以养血活血、凉血清热,以补无形之气达补有形之血的目的,疗虚补损、修复创伤,治其本除其标。方中黄芪味甘,具有补气升阳,益卫固表,利水消肿,托疮生肌之功效,可补脾肺之气以资气血生化之源;当归味厚,辛甘而温,养血和营,协调阴阳,气旺生血;共为君药。制何首乌益肾补阴,以助化气之源;葛根、枸杞子生津升阳,补阴降血糖;白芍健脾益;共为臣药。川芎、威灵仙、麝香活血化瘀、通经活络、散寒止痛;槲寄生、鹿茸、骨碎补、透骨草补肝肾,益精强筋骨;共为佐使药。诸药配合,切中病机,相得益彰。
药效学试验表明,归芪活血制剂是治疗眼底血管性疾病、尤其是糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变的有效组方,对链脲左菌素所致大鼠糖尿病视网膜病变有明显的改善作用,可减少视网膜毛细血管壁损伤,降低视网膜毛细血管渗漏量,升高视网膜组织中SOD活力及降低MDA含量和内皮细胞与周细胞的比例(E/P)。临床疗效观察结果亦表明,归芪活血制剂可改善糖尿病引起的视网膜出血水肿等现象,也可治疗或缓解视网膜静脉阻塞中的视网膜微血管瘤、出血、渗出与静脉的特殊改变等,可达到标本兼职的效果,为临床用药提供了新的选择。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病、尤其是糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变药物中的应用。本发明所述的用途是公司药物在临床应用过程中发现的,后进行的相关的实验,具有较大的商业价值。
该专利涉及的归芪活血中药组合物已于2005年02月09日获得专利授权(授权公告号:CN1188161C),所述中药组合物由黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、槲寄生、鹿茸、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草、麝香、葛根和川芎13味原料药材制备而成。
归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病中的应用,所述归芪活血制剂由下列中药组分制成:
进一步优选为:
优选地,所述何首乌为制何首乌。
优选地,所述眼底血管性疾病为糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞中的一种。
本发明中药组合物方中黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌,具有益气固表、补血活血的功效,黄芪、葛根、枸杞子具有补气生津、止渴降糖的功效,威灵仙、川芎、麝香具有活血通络、消肿止痛的功效,槲寄生、鹿茸、透骨草、骨碎补具有活血补肾、益精强筋骨之功效,诸药配合,加强了益气补肾、活血化瘀、消肿止痛之功。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述归芪活血制剂的制备方法,以本发明所述中药为原料,加入不同辅料,可以将本发明中药组分制备成不同的归芪活血口服药物制剂。
优选地,所述口服药物制剂为颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂和微囊中的一种。
本发明归芪活血口服药物制剂的制备方法,包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加50%-70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.15-1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达60%-70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20-1.30的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,经常规工序加入药学上可接受的赋形剂制成口服药物制剂。
本发明优选的剂型是胶囊剂,所述归芪活血胶囊的制备方法包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,经常规工序加入药学上可接受的赋形剂制成胶囊剂。
本发明另一种优选的剂型是微丸制剂,所述微囊制剂的制备方法包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,备用;
D、按配方量称取步骤C归芪活血提取物细粉、囊材、抗粘剂和增塑剂,将囊材、抗粘剂和增塑剂加入纯化水,53℃条件下加热搅拌使溶解,配制成质量分数为32.5%的囊材溶液,冷却至室温,搅拌状态下加入小儿消积止咳提取物细粉和乳化剂,均质乳化,得乳化液,备用;
E、步骤C乳化液在进风温度169℃、喷雾压力0.40MPa、进料速度21.6ml/min条件下进行喷雾干燥,收集微囊,冷却,即得。
优选地,所述囊材为络蛋白酸钠:麦芽糊精=5:3,抗粘剂为十八醇:二氧化钛=3:2,增塑剂为聚乙二醇:柠檬酸=2:1。
优选地,所述乳化剂按重量计为大豆磷脂:蔗糖脂肪酸酯=3∶8的复合乳化剂,用量按质量分数计为制剂配方总量的1.1%。乳化剂按重量计为大豆磷脂:蔗糖脂肪酸酯=2∶7的复合乳化剂,用量按质量分数计为制剂配方总量的0.8%。
为验证本发明归芪活血制剂治疗眼底血管性疾病的作用,发明人开展了相应动物试验研究和临床研究。需要说明的是,动物试验及临床研究所选取是本发明具有代表性的配方及其制备方法所得的样品,本发明所包含的其它配方及制备方法所得产品涉及的试验及其结果,由于篇幅限制,在此不一一穷举。
实验例1药物对糖尿病大鼠视网膜血管渗漏量的影响研究
1材料
1.1实验动物SD大鼠60只,雌雄各半,体重(55±5)g,由鲁南制药集团股份有限公司提供,实验动物许可证号:SYXK(鲁)2018 0008。实验前在清洁级动物实验室适应性饲养1周,雌雄分开,室温20-25℃,相对湿度40%-60%,自然光照,自由摄食、饮水。
1.2仪器、试剂及药品AG285型电子分析天平,瑞士Mettler-Toledo公司;Bio-Rad680型全自动酶标仪,美国伯乐公司;Thermo Scientific Medifuge小型台式离心机,美国赛默飞公司。
链脲佐菌素,南京奥多福尼生物科技有限公司(链脲佐菌素溶液于临用前以0.1mmol/L、pH4.5柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液配置);伊文氏蓝EB,美国Sigma公司;羧甲基纤维素钠,美国Sigma公司。
受试药物为实施例5归芪活血胶囊;阳性对照药为多贝斯(羟苯磺酸钙胶囊,批号:1601017,西安利君制药有限责任公司生产);两者实验时均以0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠配制成所需浓度。
2.方法
2.1分组与造模
取健康SD大鼠60只,随机分为6组,即正常对照组、模型对照组、多贝斯阳性对照组(简称“阳性对照组”)、归芪活血胶囊高剂量组(简称“试验高剂量组”)、归芪活血胶囊中剂量组(简称“试验中剂量组”)和归芪活血胶囊低剂量组(简称“试验低剂量组”),每组10只,雌雄各半。实验时,禁食12小时后,除正常对照组按50mg/kg注射0.1mmol/L、pH4.5柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液外,其余5组按50mg/kg左下腹腔内注射2%链脲佐菌素溶液;注射72小时后,取大鼠尾静脉血非空腹血糖进行检测,血糖值大于16.7mmol/L,与正常对照组比较具统计学意义(P<0.05),表明造模成功。
2.2给药造模成功后,各组大鼠给予灌胃给药,其中正常对照组、模型对照组灌服羧甲基纤维素钠(0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠)10mL/kg,阳性对照组灌服2,5-二羟基苯磺酸钙0.15g/kg,试验高剂量组、试验中剂量组和试验低剂量组灌服归芪活血胶囊剂量分别为2.0g/kg、1.0g/kg、0.5g/kg,每日一次,连续给药28天。给药期间,自由摄食饮水,正常喂养。每周称量体重1次,以便调整给药剂量。
2.3检测指标及方法主要检测指标为视网膜血管渗漏量。末次给药后,禁食12小时,将大鼠麻醉后,按45mg/kg剂量尾静脉注射伊文氏蓝溶液,观察到大鼠眼及全身皮肤瞬间变蓝;循环120分钟后,打开胸腔暴露心脏,止血钳夹持下腔静脉,将预热至37℃的心室进行左心室灌注,同时剪开右心耳,持续灌注3分钟,灌注压120mmHg(清除血管内的伊文氏蓝溶液)。灌注结束后,立即取出眼球,小心分离出视网膜,过夜晾干称重。将视网膜与150ul甲酰胺在70℃下孵育18小时,然后将萃取液移入离心管内,4℃,6000r/min条件下离心90分钟。取上清液100ul用酶标仪检测吸光度值,每一样本测量3次取平均值;再根据伊文氏蓝标准溶液在甲酰胺中吸光度差值求得样本中EB浓度(ng/mg)。
3.结果
3.1对糖尿病模型大鼠视网膜血管渗漏量的影响
造模成功后,分别给予相应药物。28天疗程后,分别记录各组大鼠EB值。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠的EB值明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,试验高、中、低剂量组及阳性对照组的EB值明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),这表明试验药物归芪活血胶囊对糖尿病大鼠视网膜血管渗漏量有明显改善。试验结果见表1。
注:与正常对照组比较:P<0.05用“▲”表示;与模型对照组比较:P<0.05用“*”表示。
实验例2药物对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的形态影响及生化指标测定研究
1材料
1.1 实验动物 同实验例1。
1.2 仪器、试剂及药品 AG285型电子分析天平,瑞士Mettler-Toledo公司;Bio-Rad 680型全自动酶标仪,美国伯乐公司;Thermo Scientific Medifuge小型台式离心机,美国赛默飞公司;超声匀浆机,北京久易科仪科技有限公司;光学显微镜,上海光学仪器厂。
SOD测定试剂盒,由南京建成生物研究所提供,生产批号:20160328;MDA测试盒,由南京建成生物研究所生产,批号:20160405;链脲佐菌素,南京奥多福尼生物科技有限公司(链脲佐菌素溶液于临用前以0.1mmol/L、pH4.5柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液配置);羧甲基纤维素钠,美国Sigma公司;甲醛溶液,美国Sigma公司。
受试药物为实施例5归芪活血胶囊;阳性对照药为多贝斯(羟苯磺酸钙胶囊,批号:1601017,西安利君制药有限责任公司生产);两者实验时均以0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠配制成所需浓度。
2.方法
2.1 分组与造模 同实验例1。
2.2 给药 同实验例1。
2.3检测指标及方法
(1)视网膜形态观察(内皮细胞与周细胞的比值(E/P)):将各组大鼠采用乙醚麻醉,摘除左眼球用于视网膜微血管形态学观察,置于10%的甲醛溶液中固定48小时,去除眼前节呈桔瓣样,将眼杯切成三块,分离出视网膜,流水冲洗24小时,放入用0.1ml/L、pH7.8的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液溶解的3%胰蛋白酶溶液内,37℃恒温水浴80分钟,当视网膜组织蛋白溶解后,将视网膜移入水中,轻轻震动,直至剩下一层透明的视网膜毛细血管网,移至载玻片上,自然干燥,PAS加苏木精染色。光学显微镜观察大鼠的视网膜毛细血管形态学变化,采用计算机图像分析仪定量分析,每一例视网膜消化标本记数5个视野内的内皮细胞和周细胞,计算内皮细胞与周细胞的比值(E/P)。
(2)SOD活性检测:将各组大鼠采用乙醚麻醉,摘除右眼立即于冰生理盐水中环切角巩膜缘后,弃晶状体和玻璃体,解剖显微镜下剥离出视网膜,用滤纸吸干多余水分,装入聚丙烯管中。电子天平称重后,根据视网膜质量按1:99比例量取冰生理盐水,用超声匀浆器将视网膜匀浆60秒,离心机以2500r/min离心10分钟后取上清液,用SOD测定试剂盒测定视网膜组织中SOD活性。
(3)MDA含量:动物处理方法同SOD活性检测,用MDA测定试剂盒测定视网膜组织中MDA含量。
3结果
3.1对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的形态(E/P值)影响
造模成功后,分别给予相应药物。28天疗程后,分别记录各组大鼠E/P值。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠的E/P值明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,试验高、中、低剂量组及阳性对照组的E/P值明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验结果见表2。
3.2对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的SOD活性的影响
造模成功后,分别给予相应药物。28天疗程后,分别记录各组大鼠SOD活性。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠的SOD活性明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,试验高、中、低剂量组及阳性对照组的SOD活性明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验结果见表2。
3.3对糖尿病大鼠视网膜的MDA含量的影响
造模成功后,分别给予相应药物。28天疗程后,分别记录各组大鼠MDA含量。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠的MDA含量明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型对照组比较,试验高、中、低剂量组及阳性对照组的MDA含量明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验结果见表2。
注:与正常对照组比较:P<0.05用“▲”表示;与模型对照组比较:P<0.05用“*”表示。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员充分了解本发明,以下通过具体的实施例进一步说明本发明,但本领域技术人员应该知晓,本发明实施例并不以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1归芪活血颗粒的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加60%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达60%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的蔗糖粉、羟丙基淀粉、甘露醇(重量比4:1:2),混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,整粒,制成1000g,即得。
实施例2归芪活血丸的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加50%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.15的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.30的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的淀粉、糊精(重量比4:1),混匀,70℃以下干燥,粉碎成细粉,加入2.0%低取代羟丙基纤维素,混匀,用水泛制成丸1000粒,70℃以下干燥,打光,包衣,即得。
实施例3归芪活血片的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加60%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达65%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的淀粉、糊精和蔗糖(重量比3:0.5:1),混匀,制成粗颗粒,干燥,粉碎,过筛,制颗粒,低温干燥,整粒,加入0.8%硬脂酸镁,混匀,压制成1000片,包薄膜衣,即得。
实施例4归芪活血胶囊的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的淀粉、微粉硅胶、低取代羟丙基纤维素(重量比5:4:3),混匀,制粒,干燥,整粒,灌装,磨光机中抛光,剔除破损胶囊,即得。
实施例5归芪活血胶囊的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的淀粉、微晶纤维素(重量比7:2),混匀,制粒,干燥,整粒,灌装,磨光机中抛光,剔除破损胶囊,即得。
实施例6归芪活血颗粒的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加60%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.15的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达60%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.30的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的蔗糖粉、糊精(重量比3:1),混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,整粒,制成1000g,即得。
实施例7归芪活血片的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加50%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的微晶纤维、羟丙基纤维(重量比2:1),混匀,制成粗颗粒,干燥,粉碎,过筛,制颗粒,低温干燥,整粒,加入0.7%硬脂酸镁,混匀,压制成1000片,包薄膜衣,即得。
实施例8归芪活血微囊的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,备用;
D、按配方量称取步骤C归芪活血提取物细粉、囊材络蛋白酸钠:麦芽糊精=5:3、抗粘剂十八醇:二氧化钛=3:2和增塑剂聚乙二醇:柠檬酸=2:1,将囊材、抗粘剂和增塑剂加入纯化水,53℃条件下加热搅拌使溶解,配置成质量分数为32.5%的囊材溶液,冷却至室温,搅拌状态下加入小儿消积止咳提取物细粉和3g大豆磷脂、8g蔗糖脂肪酸酯,均质乳化,得乳化液,备用;
E、步骤C乳化液在进风温度169℃、喷雾压力0.40MPa、进料速度21.6ml/min条件下进行喷雾干燥,收集微囊,冷却,即得。
实施例9归芪活血胶囊的制备
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达60%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,加入配方量的淀粉、微粉硅胶(重量比3:1),混匀,制粒,干燥,整粒,灌装,磨光机中抛光,剔除破损胶囊,即得。
Claims (10)
1.归芪活血制剂在制备治疗眼底血管性疾病药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述归芪活血制剂为口服药物制剂;优选地,所述口服药物制剂为颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂和微囊中的一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述何首乌为制何首乌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述眼底血管性疾病为糖尿病性眼底视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞中的一种。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述口服药物制剂的制备方法包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加50%-70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.15-1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达60%-70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20-1.30的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,经常规工序加入药学上可接受的赋形剂制成口服药物制剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述胶囊剂的制备方法包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,经常规工序加入药学上可接受的赋形剂制成胶囊剂。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述微囊制剂的制备方法包括下列步骤:
A、鹿茸、麝香粉碎成细粉,槲寄生、葛根、川芎加70%乙醇提取两次,每次2小时,合并提取液,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,减压浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.20的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅰ,备用;
B、黄芪、当归、白芍、制何首乌、枸杞子、骨碎补、威灵仙、透骨草8味,加水煎煮两次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,加入95%的乙醇使含醇量达70%,于﹣2℃-2℃条件下静置24小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩成50℃-60℃时相对密度为1.25的浸膏,得浸膏Ⅱ,备用。
C、合并浸膏Ⅰ、浸膏Ⅱ,真空度-0.08MPa--0.10Mpa、干燥温度58℃条件下带式真空干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛,加入鹿茸和麝香细粉,混匀,即得归芪活血提取物细粉,备用;
D、按配方量称取步骤C归芪活血提取物细粉、囊材、抗粘剂和增塑剂,将囊材、抗粘剂和增塑剂加入纯化水,53℃条件下加热搅拌使溶解,配置成质量分数为32.5%的囊材溶液,冷却至室温,搅拌状态下加入小儿消积止咳提取物细粉和乳化剂,均质乳化,得乳化液,备用;
E、步骤C乳化液在进风温度169℃、喷雾压力0.40MPa、进料速度21.6ml/min条件下进行喷雾干燥,收集微囊,冷却,即得。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述囊材为络蛋白酸钠:麦芽糊精=5:3,抗粘剂为十八醇:二氧化钛=3:2,增塑剂为聚乙二醇:柠檬酸=2:1。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤C所述乳化剂按重量计为大豆磷脂:蔗糖脂肪酸酯=3∶8的复合乳化剂,用量按质量分数计为制剂配方总量的1.1%。
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