CN111543566A - Stable feed for regulating intestinal microecology of crayfish - Google Patents
Stable feed for regulating intestinal microecology of crayfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN111543566A CN111543566A CN202010491837.6A CN202010491837A CN111543566A CN 111543566 A CN111543566 A CN 111543566A CN 202010491837 A CN202010491837 A CN 202010491837A CN 111543566 A CN111543566 A CN 111543566A
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- crayfish
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- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002413 ferric citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002816 potassium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- GRSZFWQUAKGDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Inosinic acid Natural products OC1C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)OC1N1C(NC=NC2=O)=C2N=C1 GRSZFWQUAKGDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
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- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed production, and particularly discloses a stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish, which comprises meat, bacillus subtilis powder, lactobacillus powder, grains, vitamin additives, mineral additives and vegetables, the feed is balanced in nutrition, materials are easy to obtain, the cost of the feed is reduced, the crayfish fed by the feed has a larger survival rate, body length and weight, the contents of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and inosinic acid in the crayfish fed by the prepared feed are higher, the fat content is lower, the nutritional content of the crayfish fed by the prepared feed is higher, and the quality of the crayfish bred by the invention is good, and the crayfish has better taste and flavor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed production, and particularly relates to a stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish.
Background
Crayfish (academic name: Procambarus clarkii): also called procambarus clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish, are freshwater economic shrimps and are popular with people because of delicious meat taste. Due to the omnivorous property, the fast growth speed and the strong adaptability, the method forms an absolute competitive advantage in the local ecological environment. The food intake range of the feed comprises aquatic weeds, algae, aquatic insects, animal carcasses and the like, and the feed can kill the aquatic weeds, the algae, the aquatic insects, the animal carcasses and the like in case of shortage of food. Crayfish has become an important economic breed in china in recent years.
With the breakthrough of artificial breeding technology of crayfish, the improvement of breeding technology and the development of various shrimp-breeding production modes, crayfish breeding industry develops vigorously, the breeding scale is enlarged continuously, the yield is improved continuously, the crayfish breeding development prospect is wide, the formation and the continuous development of the industry inevitably need to go a way of healthy breeding, and the healthy breeding needs to supply high-quality seedlings and maintain good breeding environment and also needs feed with sufficient quality to meet the nutritional requirements.
At present, the feed for breeding the crayfish is mainly natural bait for natural small fish, small shrimps, shellfish and the like, the natural biological bait resource is limited, timely and sufficient supply cannot be guaranteed, the feed is easy to deteriorate and needs to be refrigerated for storage, the use is inconvenient, in addition, the nutrition structure of the natural bait is single, the feed does not have functionality, and the natural bait is easy to rot and decompose after being fed, spoils water quality and causes disease spreading, so the feed is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the shrimp culture industry on the bait which is expanded day by day. Although a small amount of factory crayfish compound feed is produced in batches at present, the using effect is not ideal, and the main reason is that a proper feed formula is not designed and screened according to the self nutritional requirements of the crayfish, so that the crayfish grows slowly after being fed and is easy to suffer from gastrointestinal diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a feed for regulating and controlling the stability of intestinal microecology of crayfish, which can solve the problems that crayfish in the prior art grows slowly and is easy to have gastrointestinal diseases, and crayfish fed by the feed is big and healthy, and the feed comprises the following specific contents:
the invention aims to provide a stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish, which is technically characterized in that: the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of meat, 0.01-0.03 part of bacillus subtilis powder, 0.01-0.03 part of lactobacillus powder, 3-5 parts of grains, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin additive, 0.01-0.02 part of mineral additive and 1-3 parts of vegetables.
In some embodiments of the invention, the meat is selected from one or more of beef, pork, lamb, or chicken.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is greater than or equal to 1.5 × 1013CFU/g。
In some embodiments of the present invention, the viable count of the yeast powder is 4-7 × 109CFU/g。
In some embodiments of the invention, the grain is selected from one or more of sorghum, corn, rice or wheat.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vitamin supplement is selected from the group consisting of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1Vitamin B2Vitamin B6One or more of niacin, vitamin C and folic acid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mineral supplement is selected from one or more of ferric citrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, potassium iodide, potassium chloride, and sodium selenite.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vegetable is one or more of tomato, garlic and potato.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the feed for regulating and controlling the stability of the intestinal microecology of the crayfish, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5-6h, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises meat, bacillus subtilis powder, lactobacillus powder, grains, vitamin additives, mineral additives and vegetables, is balanced in nutrition, is easy to obtain materials, and reduces the cost of the feed.
2. The feed for regulating and controlling the stability of the intestinal microecology of the crayfish is prepared by pretreating materials, granulating the materials by spray drying, preparing the materials into granules, and finally adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder, so that the prepared feed is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate and has long storage time;
3. the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish can improve the color of the crayfish, thereby improving the commodity value of the crayfish.
4. When the feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish is used for feeding the crayfish, the immunity of the crayfish body and the synchronism of shelling can be improved, the growth can be promoted, the antiviral ability can be improved, the bacillus subtilis powder and the lactobacillus powder are contained in the feed, the stability of the intestinal flora of the strain can be regulated, the intake of nutrition in the feed is increased, and the survival rate of the crayfish is improved.
5. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the palatability and the food calling effect of the feed and greatly improves the utilization rate of the feed by the crayfish.
6. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the stability of the feed in water, and reduces the dissolution rate and the pollution to the environment.
7. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the simple preparation process of the feed and can avoid the damage of functional materials of the feed in the preparation process.
Detailed Description
The feed for regulating and controlling the stability of the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 2-5 parts of meat (one or more of beef, pork, mutton or chicken), 0.01-0.03 part of bacillus subtilis powder (the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1.5 × 10)13CFU/g), 0.01-0.03 mass part of lactobacillus powder (viable count is 4-7 × 10)9CFU/g), 3-5 parts by mass of grain (one or more of sorghum, corn, rice or wheat), 0.01-0.02 part by mass of vitamin additive (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B)1Vitamin B2Vitamin B6Nicotinic acid, vitaminOne or more of biotin C and folic acid), 0.01-0.02 parts by mass of mineral additives (one or more of ferric citrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, potassium iodide, potassium chloride and sodium selenite), and 1-3 parts by mass of vegetables (one or more of tomato, garlic and potato).
The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises meat, bacillus subtilis powder, lactobacillus powder, grains, vitamin additives, mineral additives and vegetables, is balanced in nutrition, is easy to obtain materials, and reduces the feed cost. The feed contains the bacillus subtilis powder and the lactobacillus powder, so that the stability of intestinal flora of strains can be adjusted, the intake of nutrition in the feed is increased, and the survival rate of crayfish is improved. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the palatability and the food calling effect of the feed and greatly improves the utilization rate of the feed by the crayfish.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed for regulating and controlling the stability of the intestinal microecology of the crayfish, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5-6h, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
The feed for regulating and controlling the stability of the intestinal microecology of the crayfish is prepared by pretreating materials, granulating the materials by spray drying, and finally adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the simple preparation process of the feed and can avoid the damage of functional materials of the feed in the preparation process. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish improves the stability of the feed in water, and reduces the dissolution rate and the pollution to the environment. The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish can improve the color of the crayfish, thereby improving the commodity value of the crayfish. When the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish is used for feeding the crayfish, the immunity of the crayfish body and the synchronism of shelling can be improved, the growth can be promoted, and the antiviral ability can be improved.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention will be more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of crayfish and its stability is prepared from meat (beef and pork in a ratio of 1: 1) 3.5 weight parts, and Bacillus subtilis powder (viable count is greater than or equal to 1.5 × 10) 0.02 weight part13CFU/g) and 0.02 part by mass of lactobacillus powder (the viable count is 4-7 × 10)9CFU/g), 4 parts by mass of grains (wherein sorghum: corn: rice is 1: 1), 0.015 parts by mass of vitamins: vitamin additive (wherein, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E are 1: 2: 3), 0.015 parts of mineral additive (wherein, ferric citrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate and copper sulfate pentahydrate are 1: 1) and 2 parts of vegetables (tomato: garlic 5: 1).
According to the formula, the preparation method of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5 hours, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
Example 2
A feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish and its stability is prepared from 5 weight parts of meat (beef and mutton are 1: 1) and 0.01 weight part of Bacillus subtilis powder (viable count is not less than 1.5 × 10)13CFU/g), 0.01 weight portion of lactobacillus powder (the viable count is 4-7 × 10)9CFU/g), 3 parts by mass of grains (wherein corn: rice: wheat: 1), 0.01 part by mass of vitamin additives (wherein vitamin: vitamin B)1Vitamin B2: 1: 1), 0.01 part by mass of mineral additive (wherein, copper sulfate pentahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, potassium iodide and potassium chloride are 1: 1), and 1 part by mass of vegetable (wherein, garlic and potato are 1: 6).
According to the formula, the preparation method of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5-6h, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
Example 3
A feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of crayfish and its stability is prepared from meat (beef and chicken) 4 weight parts, and Bacillus subtilis powder (living bacteria number greater than or equal to 1.5 × 10) 0.01 weight part13CFU/g) and 0.02 part by mass of lactobacillus powder (the viable count is 4-7 × 10)9CFU/g), 4 parts by mass of grains (wherein sorghum: corn: wheat is 1: 1), 0.02 part by mass of vitamin additives (wherein vitamin B2Vitamin B6Nicotinic acid and folic acid in a ratio of 1: 2: 3: 4), 0.01 part by mass of mineral additive (wherein, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, potassium chloride and sodium selenite in a ratio of 1: 2: 1), and 3 parts by mass of vegetable (wherein, tomato, garlic and potato in a ratio of 2: 0.1: 5).
According to the formula, the preparation method of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 6 hours, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
Example 4
A feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of crayfish and its stability is prepared from meat (pork, mutton, chicken 2: 1) 2 weight parts, and Bacillus subtilis powder (with viable count not less than 1.5 × 10) 0.03 weight part13CFU/g) and 0.03 part by mass of lactobacillus powder (the viable count is 4-7 × 10)9CFU/g), 5 massThe food comprises, by mass, grain (sorghum: rice: wheat is 2: 1), vitamin additives (vitamin A: nicotinic acid: vitamin C: folic acid is 1: 1), mineral additives (ferric citrate: potassium iodide: potassium chloride: sodium selenite is 1: 5: 2: 1), and vegetables (tomato: garlic: potato is 1: 0.5).
According to the formula, the preparation method of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5 hours, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
The crayfish feed which is common in the market is purchased as a comparative example, crayfish with the same size and weight is expected to be fed under the same condition by the feed prepared in the embodiment 1-4 of the invention, and after 5 months, indexes of the crayfish are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
From table 1, it can be seen that the crayfishes fed with the feed prepared according to the present invention have a larger ratio of survival rate, body length and body weight, and the crayfishes fed with the feed prepared according to the present invention have higher glutamic acid, aspartic acid and inosinic acid content and lower fat content in their bodies, and the crayfishes fed with the feed prepared according to the present invention have higher nutrient content, which indicates that the crayfishes bred according to the present invention have good quality and good taste and flavor.
The stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish prepared by the invention and the comparative example are placed for 6 months in an open manner, and the crayfish is periodically detected to be mildewed and cleaned, and the specific data are shown in a table 2:
TABLE 2
From the experiments, the open storage time of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish is up to 6 months, while the mildew phenomenon occurs in the comparative feed only in 2 months.
The invention provides only a stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal micro-ecology of crayfish, and a plurality of methods and ways for implementing the technical scheme are provided, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the invention, a plurality of improvements and embellishments can be made, and the improvements and embellishments should be regarded as the protection scope of the invention, and all the components not specified in the embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a stable fodder of regulation and control crayfish intestinal microecology which characterized in that: the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of meat, 0.01-0.03 part of bacillus subtilis powder, 0.01-0.03 part of lactobacillus powder, 3-5 parts of grains, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin additive, 0.01-0.02 part of mineral additive and 1-3 parts of vegetables.
2. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish according to claim 1, wherein: the meat is selected from one or more of beef, pork, mutton or chicken.
3. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is more than or equal to 1.5 × 1013CFU/g。
4. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein said yeast powder has a viable count of 4-7 × 109CFU/g。
5. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish according to claim 1, wherein: the grain is selected from one or more of sorghum, corn, rice or wheat.
6. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein said feed comprises: the vitamin additive is selected from vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin B1Vitamin B2Vitamin B6One or more of niacin, vitamin C and folic acid.
7. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein said feed comprises: the mineral additive is selected from one or more of ferric citrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, potassium iodide, potassium chloride and sodium selenite.
8. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal microecology of crayfish according to claim 1, wherein: the vegetables are one or more of tomato, garlic and potato.
9. The stable feed for regulating and controlling intestinal micro-ecology of crayfish according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the preparation method of the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively boiling the meat, the grains and the vegetables in water, adding the mineral additive, and stirring to obtain a mixture;
step two: adding a vitamin additive into the mixture prepared in the step one, adding water, stirring and mixing, placing the mixture into a forming machine to be pressed into a blank, steaming the blank at high pressure for 5-6h, and performing spray drying and granulation to obtain the granular material;
step three: and D, adding bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder into the granules prepared in the step two, and uniformly mixing to obtain the stable feed for regulating and controlling the intestinal microecology of the crayfish.
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