CN111519582B

CN111519582B - Ecological bank protection monitoring system of city river course

Info

Publication number: CN111519582B
Application number: CN202010307979.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张磊; 朱格
Original assignee: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Current assignee: North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
Priority date: 2020-04-17
Filing date: 2020-04-17
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-17
Also published as: CN111519582A

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban river ecological slope protection monitoring system, wherein stagnant water breeding areas are arranged on one side of a river slope protection surface at intervals, the stagnant water breeding areas are formed by excavating slope protection soil foundations outwards in the transverse direction, the peripheral side walls of the sunken areas are built by stones and cementing materials to form stone pulp sunken area slope protection, stagnant water shallow cuts are built at the bottom of one side, communicated with a river, of each stagnant water breeding area and the river for ensuring that lowest ecological water is kept in the stagnant water breeding areas, transverse nets are fixed on the upper sides of the shallow cuts for filtering river floaters, meshes of the transverse nets are based on the fact that small zooplankton can pass, the height of the transverse nets is slightly higher than the perennial average water level of the river, and external water level sensors, water quality detectors and oxygen detectors are arranged below the water level of the stagnant water breeding areas. The invention relates to a treatment technology mainly based on aquatic biological measures, which combines terrestrial vegetation ecology with aquatic animal and plant ecology, so that an urban river ecological system is more complete and complex, and the stability and the continuity of the ecological system are improved.

Description

Ecological bank protection monitoring system of city river course

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of river channel ecological monitoring, and particularly relates to a monitoring system for improving ecological slope protection construction and continuous development of an urban river channel.

Background

At present, river channel revetments, especially urban river channel revetments, still adopt a treatment technology mainly based on engineering measures, and only pay attention to arrangement of measures to increase slope stability, reduce slope exposure and control erosion collapse. Not only neglects the construction factor of river ecological construction, but also has strong influence and destruction to the soil ecological function, and can not meet the requirement of environmental sustainable development.

Traditional stone masonry bank protection is with the stone tiling on the ditch slope is domatic, and the clearance fills with cement mortar closely knit between the stone, makes the domatic whole that has higher intensity of formation of whole ditch slope, prevents the runoff seepage, protects ditch slope soil erosion and slumps. This stone masonry bank protection cost is higher relatively, and the stone seals whole domatic, has completely cut off the material exchange between soil and atmosphere, moisture, forms the stereoplasm domatic that the vegetation can't grow, consequently does not satisfy ecological environment sustainable development's requirement.

Through the mode of laying the hollow brick at the river course bank protection among the prior art, make the river course bank protection have the soil horizon structure that is fit for the vegetation to and carry out multi-level transformation to the soil horizon and make it do benefit to the vegetation more. And water conservancy transformation measures are carried out on the river course revetment, and river course water is applied to vegetation growth irrigation of the revetment. And mixing the river course slope protection vegetation with the embankment planting belt to form a river course slope protection ecological system.

However, the existing river channel revetment and extended bottom bank ecology belong to terrestrial plant ecology, so-called ecological revetment is only embodied in reasonable layout of different vegetation types, and the ecological mode is simplified, which is not beneficial to forming an ecological chain for continuous development and basically does not break away from manual maintenance and continuous cultivation and management. For example, a river channel multi-level intelligent ecological bank protection system based on a sponge city with publication number CN 109056646 a comprises a river channel, an ecological slope protection and a river bank, wherein a ladder-shaped gabion is arranged between the ecological slope protection and the river channel; arbor and shrub are planted on the river bank, the ecological slope protection comprises a clay layer, an anti-nitrification layer, an adsorption layer, a filter layer and a soil layer, herbaceous plants are planted on the soil layer, and a water distribution pipeline is arranged at the top end of the ecological slope protection; the notch cuttype gabion upper end sets up the inductor switch board, and the front end sets up the water level inductor, and the water level inductor sets up DO monitor probe, sets up aeration pump and sewage pump in the river course, and water level inductor, DO monitor probe, aeration pump, sewage pump all are connected with the inductor switch board, and sewage pump and water distribution pipeline pass through the pipeline connection that catchments. The ecological river slope protection scheme has the problems of large engineering quantity and severe disturbance of large-scale excavation on slope soil in the construction process, forest water resources planted on the embankment cannot be naturally guaranteed, the growth and development are slow, the capability of resisting rain flood erosion is weak, and manual irrigation and seedling supplement are usually needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems in the current river channel ecological construction process, the invention provides a monitoring system suitable for urban river channel ecological slope protection, which is used for realizing the completeness and comprehensiveness of an urban river channel ecological chain, realizing the sustainable development of the ecological chain through monitoring and reducing the human intervention degree when the monitoring data exceeds the threshold value range.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an ecological bank protection monitoring system in city river course, there is stagnant water aquatic breeding district at river course slope protection face one side interval arrangement, stagnant water aquatic breeding district is along horizontal outside excavation formation depressed area with the bank protection soil base, the peripheral lateral wall of depressed area is built by laying bricks or stones through stone and cementitious material and is formed the stone pit protection of building in the thick liquid, stagnant water aquatic breeding district and the communicating one side bottom in river course are built by laying bricks or stones and are had stagnant water shallow-cut and be used for guaranteeing to keep minimum ecological water in the stagnant water aquatic breeding district, the shallow-cut upside is fixed with the horizontal screen and is used for filtering the river course floater, the horizontal screen mesh is with allowing small-size zooplankton to pass through as the standard, the horizontal screen height is a little higher than the river course perennial average water level height, set up external level sensor below stagnant water aquatic breeding district water level, water quality detector and oxygen detector.

And continuously excavating slope protection soil foundations on the upper part of the river channel slope protection along the longitudinal direction to form an underdrain, wherein one section of the underdrain, which is positioned on the upper part of the stagnant water breeding area, forms a water storage concrete groove through a lining concrete plate or a concrete groove or a building wall, and the top of the water storage concrete groove discharges the excess accumulated water to the stagnant water breeding area through an overflow pipe. The concrete walls at two ends of the water storage concrete groove are hollow concrete walls, the bottom of the water-containing water storage ditch between the adjacent water storage concrete grooves is paved with an impermeable membrane, a water storage hidden channel and a fiber material water-containing layer are longitudinally paved in the water-containing water storage ditch, and water outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water storage hidden channel.

The impermeable membrane laid at the bottom of the water-containing impoundment ditch is continuously laid downwards along the slope protection slope trend, gravel and ceramsite mixture layers are sequentially laid above the inclined plane impermeable membrane, the uppermost layer is a soil layer and hollow bricks, grass is planted in the hollow bricks to form a slope protection grass covering layer, a plurality of humidity sensors are distributed in the gravel and ceramsite mixture layers along the slope trend and along the longitudinal interval, and a built-in water level sensor is arranged on the concrete wall in the impoundment concrete tank. The detectors and the sensors are respectively connected with a signal terminal of the controller, monitoring data are transmitted to a monitoring system through the controller in a wireless or wired mode to be analyzed and stored, and alarm is set according to threshold values; and planting the bank seedlings of arbor or shrub trees at the side slope position at the top of the river protection slope, excavating a rainwater catchment pool between adjacent bank seedlings or part of bank seedlings, and discharging the rainwater catchment pool into a corresponding water storage concrete groove after passing through a drainage channel and a filter screen.

Meanwhile, a gravel and ceramsite mixture layer is laid on the upper layer of the fiber material aquifer positioned on the upper side of the water-containing impoundment ditch, the uppermost layer is a soil layer and hollow bricks, and grass is planted in the hollow bricks to form a slope protection grass covering layer.

Wherein, green zeolite is also uniformly mixed in the mixture layer of the gravel and the ceramsite.

Furthermore, a seepage flow guide pipe is laid along the inclined plane above the inclined plane anti-seepage film, the side wall of the seepage flow guide pipe is provided with a seepage hole, and the upper end of the seepage flow guide pipe is inserted into the fiber aquifer.

The ground well cover plate provided with the rainwater catchment pool is of a hollow structure, a mesh enclosure is sleeved in the rainwater catchment pool in a matching manner, and the mesh enclosure can be integrally pulled out from the rainwater catchment pool. In addition, the rainwater catchment pool is also provided with an underground catchment channel which is transversely communicated with the street well.

And a water pump is further arranged in the stagnant water breeding area and is drained into the corresponding stagnant water breeding area through a water feeding pipe so as to supplement water storage.

And a water conveying pipeline system for independently replenishing water to the stagnant water breeding area is further arranged.

According to the requirement, an aeration pump can be added in the stagnant water breeding area.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the invention relates to a treatment technology mainly based on aquatic biological measures, which combines terrestrial vegetation ecology with aquatic animal and plant ecology, so that an urban river ecological system is more complete and complex, and the stability and the continuity of the ecological system are improved. Except laying through the measure and increasing vegetation cover, reducing the rain flood wasting of resources and hindering and postponing the runoff and erode, still focus on establishing aquatic animal and plant ecology, make land and water ecology combine to form complicated perfect ecosystem to improve ecological chain's stability and sustainability, ecological bank protection last period vegetation recovery effect is stronger after the continuous operation, and rain flood defense ability is stronger, satisfies fast improvement and the ecological construction requirement of continuous stability.

2. The invention forms a plurality of stagnant areas in the riverway by arranging the stagnant water breeding areas, establishes the aquatic ecosystem in the riverway by utilizing the stagnant areas, prevents factors such as riverway water flow, riverbed scouring and the like from damaging the ecosystem, and the stagnant water breeding areas exist independently for a long time, are directly communicated with the riverway and can independently transform and maintain an ecological chain. The stagnant water breeding area can be used for improving the river channel ecology and purifying the water quality of the river channel, and the stagnant water breeding area can be used as an aquatic organism breeding area to enrich aquatic animals and plants. The water quality monitoring of the stagnant water breeding area can reflect the change condition of the river channel ecological system in advance, so that river channel reconstruction measures can be carried out in advance, and the ecological system can be improved and optimized. The water level monitoring and the oxygen content monitoring of the stagnant water breeding area can give an early warning that no ecological deterioration occurs in the corresponding stagnant water breeding area, and corresponding measures are taken.

3. The rainwater flood source recycling device can fully recycle rainwater flood resources, converged rainwater is firstly stored in the water storage concrete tank and the water-containing water storage ditch after being filtered, then is discharged to the stagnant water breeding area, and enters the river channel after being filtered by aquatic plants in the stagnant water breeding area, and the aquatic plants in the stagnant water breeding area have a purifying and filtering function as a transition layer. A large amount of rainwater can be retrieved and save to utilize retaining concrete trough and aqueous retaining ditch in rainy season, satisfies in bank protection grass-covering layer and dyke bank nursery stock water demand. When water is deficient for a long time in dry seasons, when the water level of the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch is lower than a threshold value or the soil water content of the grass-mulching layer of the revetment is lower than a threshold value, a water source in the stagnant water breeding area is lifted to the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch through a water pump, the stagnant water breeding area is suitable for the water quality of terrestrial plant growth through the action of aquatic animals and plants, and the water source is supplemented while the growth of the grass-mulching layer of the revetment and nursery stocks of the embankment is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall layout of the ecological slope protection of the urban river channel.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure C-C in fig. 2.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the detection system of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: the water-retaining ecological slope comprises a slope protection grass covering layer 1, bank nursery stocks 2, a water-containing water storage ditch 3, an impermeable membrane 4, a stagnant water aquatic breeding area 5, aquatic plants 6, aquatic animals 7, a slope protection soil foundation 8, a water pump 9, a rainwater catchment pool 10, an underground catchment channel 11, a drainage channel 12, an overflow pipe 13, a water storage concrete groove 14, a solid concrete wall 14-1, a hollowed concrete wall 14-2, a concrete groove cover plate 14-3, a support net layer 15, a water feeding pipe 16, a ground well cover plate 17, a fiber water-containing layer 18, a water storage dark channel 19, a water outlet hole 20, a hollow brick 21, a net cover 22 and a seepage flow guide pipe 23.

Detailed Description

The ecological slope protection monitoring system of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. The ecological slope protection monitoring system is a treatment technology which combines terrestrial vegetation ecology with aquatic animal and plant ecology and takes aquatic biological measures as main measures, so that the land and water ecology is combined to form a complex and perfect ecological system, the urban river ecological system is more complete and complex, and the stability and the continuity of the ecological system are improved.

Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the ecological slope protection monitoring system established for the urban river channel is characterized in that stagnant water breeding areas 5 are arranged at intervals on one side of the slope surface of slope protection on two sides of the river channel protection. The stagnant water breeding area 5 needs to be reasonably distributed according to the trend of river levees and the terrain condition.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, any stagnant water breeding area 5 is formed by excavating slope protection soil foundations 8 outwards along the transverse direction to form a sunken area, and different stagnant water breeding areas 5 are different along the longitudinal span and usually have a larger span in a water slowing area. The range and the scale of the stagnant water breeding area 5 are reasonably arranged according to the ecological construction requirements. The river channel forms a plurality of stagnant flow areas by arranging the stagnant flow aquatic breeding areas, an aquatic ecosystem in the river channel is established by utilizing the stagnant flow areas, the ecological system is prevented from being damaged by factors such as river channel water flow, river bed scouring and the like, and the stagnant flow aquatic breeding areas exist independently for a long time, are directly communicated with the river channel and can independently transform and maintain an ecological chain.

As shown in fig. 5, the peripheral side walls of the depressed zones are laid by stones and a gel material to form masonry depressed zone revetment. In addition, a stagnant water shallow chopper is built at the bottom of one side of the stagnant water breeding area 5 communicated with the river channel to ensure that the lowest ecological water is kept in the stagnant water breeding area 5, and a transverse net is fixed on the upper side of the shallow chopper to filter river channel floating materials. The meshes of the transverse net are based on the passing of small zooplankton, and the height of the transverse net is slightly higher than the perennial average water level of the riverway. Meanwhile, an external water level sensor, a water quality detector and an oxygen detector are required to be arranged below the water level of the stagnant water breeding area 5, and the sensors and the detectors and terrestrial vegetation, namely irrigation system corresponding sensors form the sensing and feedback tail end of the whole system and are used for monitoring the change of key parameters in the ecological system in real time. Each detector and each sensor are respectively connected with a signal terminal of the controller, and each monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring system through the controller in a wireless or wired mode to be analyzed and stored, and alarm is set according to each threshold value. The stagnant water breeding area can be used for improving the river channel ecology and purifying the water quality of the river channel, and the stagnant water breeding area can be used as an aquatic organism breeding area to enrich aquatic animals and plants.

The water quality monitoring of the stagnant water breeding area can reflect the change condition of the river channel ecological system in advance, so that river channel reconstruction measures can be carried out in advance, and the ecological system can be improved and optimized. The water level monitoring and the oxygen content monitoring of the stagnant water breeding area can give an early warning that no ecological deterioration occurs in the corresponding stagnant water breeding area, and corresponding measures are taken.

As shown in fig. 3, a slope protection soil base 8 is excavated in the longitudinal direction at the upper part of the river course slope protection to form a blind ditch. Wherein, a section of the blind ditch positioned at the upper part of the stagnant water breeding area 5 forms a impoundment concrete groove 14 through lining concrete slabs or concrete grooves or masonry, and as can be known from the figure 5, the top of the impoundment concrete groove 14 discharges the excess ponding to the stagnant water breeding area 5 through an overflow pipe 13. The concrete walls at the two ends of the water storage concrete groove 14 are hollow concrete walls 14-2, the bottom of the water-containing water storage ditch 3 between the adjacent water storage concrete grooves 14 is paved with an impermeable membrane 4, a water storage hidden channel 19 and a fiber material water-containing layer 18 are longitudinally paved in the water-containing water storage ditch 3, and the side wall of the water storage hidden channel 19 is uniformly distributed with water outlet holes 20. The gravel and ceramsite mixture layer is laid on the upper layer of the fiber material aquifer 18 positioned on the upper side of the water-containing impoundment ditch 3, the uppermost layer is a soil layer and hollow bricks, and grass is planted in the hollow bricks 21 to form a revetment grass-covering layer 1.

As can be seen from fig. 3 and fig. 4, the impermeable membrane 4 laid at the bottom of the water-containing impoundment ditch 3 continues to be laid downwards along the slope of the revetment, and gravel and ceramsite mixture layers are sequentially laid above the inclined impermeable membrane, and furthermore green zeolite is uniformly mixed in the gravel and ceramsite mixture layers. The superiors are soil layer and hollow brick, and the soil layer is planted in the hollow brick 21 and is covered with grass to form a slope protection and covers grass layer 1. A plurality of humidity sensors are distributed in the gravel and ceramsite mixture layer along the direction of the inclined plane and along the longitudinal direction at intervals, and a built-in water level sensor is arranged on the concrete wall in the water storage concrete tank 14. The detector and the sensor are respectively connected with a signal terminal of the controller, and the controller transmits each monitoring data to the monitoring system through wireless or wired transmission for data analysis and storage, and sets alarm aiming at each threshold value. The water level of the water-containing water storage ditch 3 is higher than the height of the slope protection impermeable membrane, so that water stored in the water-containing water storage ditch 3 is infiltrated and irrigated to the lower part of the slope protection inclined plane along the composite layer on the upper layer of the slope protection impermeable membrane, and the vegetation of the slope protection is ensured to grow and store water. The infiltrating irrigation mode can keep the water resources below the slope protection soil layer all the time, prevent the water resources from volatilizing and fully utilize the water storage resources of the water-containing water storage ditch 3.

And planting the bank nursery stock 2 of arbor or shrub (poplar, willow and the like) with developed root system at the side slope position at the top of the river protection slope so as to increase the slope stability and vegetation coverage. As shown in fig. 2, rainwater catchment pools 10 are dug downwards between adjacent bank seedlings 2 or part of the bank seedlings 2, and the rainwater catchment pools 10 are communicated with each other or partially communicated with each other. The rainwater catchment 10 is discharged into a corresponding water storage concrete groove 14 through a drainage channel 12 and a filter screen.

In rainy season, road rainwater flows into the rainwater collection tank 10 through the corresponding confluence channel or pipeline or along the terrain, and is firstly discharged into the water storage concrete tank and the water-containing water storage channel for supplementing water storage after being filtered by the rainwater collection tank 10. A large amount of rainwater is retrieved and stored by utilizing the water storage concrete tank and the water-containing water storage ditch so as to meet the water demand of the slope protection grass-covering layer and the bank-embankment nursery stock. When the precipitation is large, the excess rainwater further enters the stagnant water breeding area 5, the stagnant water breeding area 5 serves as a transition area, and the rainwater is further filtered and then discharged into a river channel. In dry seasons, the water stored in the water storage concrete tank and the water-containing water storage ditch can be continuously supplied to the revetment grass-covering layer 1 and the bank nursery stock 2 to maintain the growth requirement. When the water level of the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch is lower than the threshold value or the soil water content of the grass-covered layer of the revetment is lower than the threshold value in dry seasons due to long-time water shortage, water can be further supplemented into the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch in an external water supplementing mode. For example, a water source in the stagnant water breeding area is lifted to a water storage concrete trough and a water storage ditch by a water pump.

Example 2: on the basis of the scheme of the embodiment 1, a seepage flow guide pipe 23 is further laid along the inclined plane above the inclined plane anti-seepage film, as shown in fig. 4, the side wall of the seepage flow guide pipe 23 is provided with seepage holes, and the upper end of the seepage flow guide pipe 23 is inserted into the fiber aquifer 18. By means of the guide pipe 23 and each seepage hole on the side wall thereof, the water stored in the water storage ditch 3 is guided to the rest parts of the slope protection slope of the river channel, so that the water storage seepage effect is improved.

Example 3: on embodiment 1 scheme basis, the ground well apron 17 of design rainwater pond 10 of gathering is hollow out construction for in time collect the road surface rainwater, prevent that the rainwater from directly discharging to the river course through the river course bank protection. When the mesh enclosure 22 is matched and sleeved in the rainwater collecting pool 10, the mesh enclosure 22 can be integrally pulled out from the rainwater collecting pool 10. The mesh enclosure is taken out periodically by workers for cleaning sundries in the mesh enclosure, and the storage capacity and the smoothness are improved. In addition, the rainwater collection basin 10 can be further provided with an underground water collection channel 11 which is transversely communicated with a street well. The rainwater collecting tank 10 is beneficial to conveying accumulated road water to the rainwater collecting tank 10 through confluence, and the utilization effect of the rainwater collecting tank 10 is improved. And the water storage reserve capacity of the water-containing water storage ditch 3 and the water storage concrete groove 14 is improved. Utilize retaining ditch 3 and retaining concrete groove 14 to the abundant recycle of rainfall flood resource, at first save in retaining concrete groove and retaining ditch after filtering the rainwater that converges, secondly discharge to stagnant water aquatic breed the district, breed the aquatic plant of district through stagnant water and filter the back reentrant river course, the aquatic plant of stagnant water aquatic breed the district has purification filtering capability as the transition layer. A large amount of rainwater can be retrieved and save to utilize retaining concrete trough and aqueous retaining ditch in rainy season, satisfies in bank protection grass-covering layer and dyke bank nursery stock water demand. When water is deficient for a long time in dry seasons, when the water level of the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch is lower than a threshold value or the soil water content of the grass-mulching layer of the revetment is lower than a threshold value, a water source in the stagnant water breeding area is lifted to the water storage concrete groove and the water-containing water storage ditch through a water pump, the stagnant water breeding area is suitable for the water quality of terrestrial plant growth through the action of aquatic animals and plants, and the water source is supplemented while the growth of the grass-mulching layer of the revetment and nursery stocks of the embankment is facilitated.

Example 4: on the basis of the scheme of the embodiment 1, a water pump 9 is further arranged in the stagnant water breeding area 5 for the river channel area which is lack of rainwater for a long time, as shown in fig. 5. The water is drained to the corresponding stagnant water breeding area 5 through the water feeding pipe 16 to supplement water storage to the water storage ditch 3 and the water storage concrete groove 14.

Furthermore, a water conveying pipeline system for independently replenishing water into the stagnant water breeding area 5 can be arranged. The ecological water supply system is used for coping with the water shortage condition of the riverway when the dry season lasts, and ensures that the lowest ecological maintenance water is kept in the stagnant water breeding area 5 through independent water supplement, so that the ecological chain damage caused by the dry season is prevented. By receiving the water quality monitoring and the oxygen content monitoring, an aeration pump can be additionally arranged in the stagnant water breeding area 5, and when the oxygen content of the water in the stagnant water breeding area 5 is lower than a threshold value, the aeration pump is started to provide the oxygen content of the water in the stagnant water breeding area 5.

Claims

1. An urban river ecological slope protection monitoring system is characterized in that stagnant water aquatic breeding areas (5) are arranged on one side of a slope protection surface of a river at intervals, stagnant water aquatic breeding areas (5) are formed by excavating slope protection soil foundations (8) outwards in the transverse direction to form a sunken area, the peripheral side walls of the sunken area are built through stones and gel materials to form a stone pulp sunken area slope protection, stagnant water shallow-cutting is built at the bottom of one side, communicated with the river, of each stagnant water aquatic breeding area (5) to ensure that lowest ecological water is kept in each stagnant water aquatic breeding area (5), a transverse net is fixed on the upper side of each shallow-cutting to filter river floaters, meshes of the transverse net are based on the fact that small zooplankton can pass through the transverse net, the height of the transverse net is higher than the perennial average water level of the river, an external water level sensor, a water quality detector and an oxygen detector are arranged below the water level of each stagnant water aquatic breeding area (5), a concealed ditch is formed by excavating the slope protection soil foundations (8) in the upper portion of the river slope protection along the longitudinal direction, a section of the blind ditch positioned at the upper part of the stagnant water breeding area (5) forms a water storage concrete groove (14) through a lining concrete plate or a concrete groove or a masonry wall, and the top of the water storage concrete groove (14) discharges excess accumulated water to the stagnant water breeding area (5) through an overflow pipe (13); a water pump (9) is arranged in the stagnant water breeding area (5), and is drained into the corresponding stagnant water breeding area (5) through a water feeding pipe (16) to supplement water storage; the concrete walls at the two ends of the water storage concrete tank (14) are hollowed concrete walls (14-2), an impermeable membrane (4) is laid at the bottom of the water-containing water storage ditch (3) between the adjacent water storage concrete tanks (14), a water storage hidden channel (19) and a fiber material water-containing layer (18) are longitudinally laid in the water-containing water storage ditch (3), and water outlet holes (20) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the water storage hidden channel (19); the impermeable membrane (4) laid at the bottom of the water-containing impoundment ditch (3) is continuously laid with the impermeable membrane downwards along the slope trend of the slope, gravel and ceramsite mixture layers are sequentially laid above the impermeable membrane on the slope, the uppermost layer is a soil layer and hollow bricks, grass covering is planted in the hollow bricks (21) to form a slope protection grass covering layer (1), a plurality of humidity sensors are distributed in the gravel and ceramsite mixture layers along the slope trend and along the longitudinal interval, and a built-in water level sensor is arranged on the concrete wall in the impoundment concrete tank (14); the detectors and the sensors are respectively connected with a signal terminal of the controller, monitoring data are transmitted to a monitoring system through the controller in a wireless or wired mode to be analyzed and stored, and alarm is set according to threshold values; planting the embankment nursery stocks (2) of arbor or shrub trees at the side slope position at the top of the river protection slope, excavating a rainwater catchment pool (10) downwards between the adjacent embankment nursery stocks (2) or part of embankment nursery stocks (2), and discharging the rainwater catchment pool (10) into a corresponding water storage concrete groove (14) through a drainage channel (12) and a filter screen; a gravel and ceramsite mixture layer is laid on the upper layer of the fiber material aquifer (18) positioned on the upper side of the water-containing impoundment ditch (3), the uppermost layer is a soil layer and hollow bricks, and grass is planted in the hollow bricks (21) to form a revetment grass-covering layer (1); a seepage flow guide pipe (23) is laid along the inclined plane above the inclined plane anti-seepage film, the side wall of the seepage flow guide pipe (23) is provided with a seepage hole, and the upper end of the seepage flow guide pipe (23) is inserted into the fiber material aquifer (18); the ground well cover plate (17) of the rainwater collecting tank (10) is of a hollow structure, a mesh enclosure (22) is sleeved in the rainwater collecting tank (10) in a matching manner, and the mesh enclosure (22) can be integrally pulled out of the rainwater collecting tank (10); the rainwater catchment pool (10) is also provided with an underground catchment channel (11) which is transversely communicated with the street well.

2. The system for monitoring the ecological slope protection of the urban river channel according to claim 1, wherein green zeolite is uniformly mixed in the gravel and ceramsite mixture layer.

3. The system for monitoring the ecological slope protection of the urban river channel according to claim 1, wherein a water conveying pipeline system for independently replenishing water into the stagnant water breeding area (5) is arranged.

4. The system for monitoring the ecological slope protection of the urban river channel according to claim 1, wherein an aeration pump is additionally arranged in the stagnant water breeding area (5).