CN111511386A - α-1-微球蛋白用于保护骨髓细胞的用途 - Google Patents
α-1-微球蛋白用于保护骨髓细胞的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及α‑1‑微球蛋白(A1M),其用于在保护受试者的骨髓细胞中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及α-1-微球蛋白(A1M)用于保护骨髓细胞的用途,特别是对抗对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞或祖细胞的损害的用途。暴露于辐射、化学疗法或其他遗传毒性剂可能会对此类细胞造成损害。辐射可能是职业性的,意外的,例如暴露于来自核电站、采矿业、核武器等的辐射,或者辐射可能是与医学筛查、诊断和治疗相关的电离辐射。
背景技术
造血作用是血细胞形成的过程,发生在胚胎发育过程中以及整个成年期,以产生和补充血液系统。血液是再生能力最高的组织之一。实际上,体内超过90%的细胞都是造血细胞,每天大约产生一万亿(1012)个新的血细胞。我们对人造血作用的大部分理解来自对小鼠造血作用的研究以及人-小鼠异种移植的研究。在成年个体中,造血作用主要由骨髓中的造血干细胞(HSC)维持。HSC对终身造血至关重要,HSC可以持久地自我更新或生成子代干细胞,同时仍有助于分化细胞群,因此具有独特的定义。HSC位于祖细胞的顶层,这些祖细胞逐渐被限制为多个或单个谱系。这些祖细胞产生的血液前体致力于单谱系分化和成熟血细胞的产生,所述成熟红细胞包括红细胞、巨核细胞、髓样细胞(单核细胞/巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞)和淋巴细胞。在儿童中,造血作用发生在股骨和胫骨等长骨的骨髓中。在成人中,它主要发生在骨盆、颅骨、椎骨和胸骨中。但是,某些造血细胞的成熟、活化和某些增殖发生在髓外血液小生境例如外周血、脾脏、肝脏、胸腺和淋巴结中。
辐射常用于治疗恶性肿瘤,例如各种形式的癌症。但是,众所周知,暴露于电离辐射会导致骨髓细胞群严重缺乏,甚至亚致死剂量还可能导致位于骨髓和其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和祖细胞的不可修复的组织损害。辐射引起的骨髓毒性来自HSC和骨骼微环境的损害。暴露于高剂量的电离辐射或化学疗法中会导致骨髓衰竭,并最终导致死亡。然而,高剂量的电离辐射以及化学疗法通常对于进行医学治疗是有益的。许多血液系统障碍或骨髓癌患者接受选择性放射疗法或化学疗法,肿瘤患者也可能接受局部放射疗法。
接受放射疗法或以其他方式暴露于辐射的患者可能会经受对骨的长期影响。此外,由于癌症患者继续接受全身或局部放射疗法,因此开发用于拯救或保护位于骨髓和其他血液小生境中的造血细胞的手段是重要的。
WO 2010/006809涉及A1M的广谱抗氧化特性,并建议在以下各项中使用A1M:涉及氧化应激的疾病如感染和炎症,与局部缺血有关的疾病和与再灌注有关的疾病,游离血红蛋白、血红素和铁离子、环境和食物衍生因素所致的氧化应激,皮肤疾病、繁殖和新生儿医学中的紊乱。
WO 2016/135214涉及A1M在治疗急性和/或慢性肾脏损伤中以及在处理放射性核素诊断法(RD)、放射性核素疗法(RNT)和放射免疫疗法(RIT)中观察到的与肾脏有关的副作用中的用途。
Gunnarsson Rolf et al.2016和LenaWester-et al.2014均涉及子痫前期治疗中的A1M。LenaWester-et al.2014在PE母羊模型中研究血液、胎盘组织和肾脏组织。
发明内容
如本文的实施例部分所证实,本发明人已经发现A1M在电离辐射期间或之后可以防止对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的细胞的损害。可以设想,A1M对造血细胞(例如骨髓中的造血细胞)的保护作用不限于辐射暴露,但在其他情况下也同样具有保护作用,例如在暴露于化疗剂、化学品、病毒或者其他毒素之后,所述化疗剂、化学品、病毒或者其他毒素会对骨髓和其他血液小生境例如脾脏中的细胞产生不利影响。在本实施例中,重点是电离辐射后对骨髓的负面影响。
考虑到发明人现今所拥有的知识,该新发现是完全出乎意料的。先前的报道表明A1M由于A1M至肾脏的生物分布而对肾脏起保护作用,但并没有支持或提示A1M定位至骨髓细胞,因此不曾预见到A1M可以保护位于骨髓中的造血细胞。
更具体地,本发明涉及:
α-1-微球蛋白(A1M),其用于在保护骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境如外周血、脾脏、肝脏、胸腺和淋巴结中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞中的用途。HSC的某些增殖发生在脾脏、肝脏、胸腺和淋巴结(血液小生境)中;
A1M,其用于在保护骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞中的用途,其中损害是由于暴露于电离辐射、化疗剂、病毒或其他有毒物质引起的。辐射可能与医学治疗有关,或者其也可能是与核电厂、暴露于核武器等有关的意外辐射;
A1M,其用于在保护骨髓细胞例如保护由于暴露于电离辐射而导致的对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的损害中的用途;A1M可以在暴露于辐射之前、期间和/或之后给药;
A1M,其用于在保护骨髓细胞例如保护暴露于电离辐射后对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的损害,其中A1M用作辐射的共同治疗;
A1M和标记有放射性核素的化合物,其用于在共同治疗需要放射疗法的恶性肿瘤中的用途,其中A1M用于避免或减少电离辐射对骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞造成的损害;
A1M和化疗物质,其用于在共同治疗需要化学疗法的恶性肿瘤中的用途,其中A1M用于避免或减少化学疗法对骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞造成的损害;
A1M,其用于在治疗对骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的损害;
A1M,其用于在治疗骨髓损伤中的用途。该损伤是对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的损害;
A1M,其用于在减少电离辐射对骨髓细胞造成的不需要的生物学影响中的用途,例如在单个或多个成像阶段进行放射性核素诊断(核医学成像)期间。A1M用于实现ALARA原则(尽可能的低剂量原则)并减少电离辐射对患者的不需要的影响。所述不需要的影响是对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的血液细胞的负面影响。
无论如何,可以预期A1M对骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞具有保护作用。
在本文的实验部分,PRRT(肽受体放射性核素疗法)已与A1M一起用于证明A1M对PRRT对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞造成的损害作用的保护作用。可以想到,AlM将对位于骨髓中的造血细胞产生负面影响的其他类型的电离辐射、对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞产生负面影响的其他类型的暴露(例如化学疗法或其他遗传毒性剂)具有类似的保护作用。因此,本发明不限于特定的肽受体放射性核素(PRRN),例如下文提到的那些,但是任何电离辐射源(包括外源性光束辐射)都在本发明的范围内。因此,包括本申请上下文中的还有放射性核素诊断法(RD)、放射性核素疗法(RNT)和放射免疫疗法(RIT),并且,标记有能够发射电离辐射的任何合适放射性核素的任何分子也旨在包括在本发明的范围内,例如放射性核素标记的小分子Affibody分子、双特异性抗体、Fab、Fv、scFv片段和其他免疫缀合物或其他受体配体。辐射可用于疗法或医学治疗,但辐射也可能是意外的,例如职业暴露。在本文中,优选用于医疗用途的辐射。如果辐射是职业暴露、意外暴露或医学暴露,则可以在暴露之前、期间或之后使用A1M。如前所述,在本发明范围内包括的还有使用A1M保护对抗由电离辐射以外的其他类型暴露如化学疗法或遗传毒性剂对位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞造成的损害。
PRRT是一种分子靶向疗法形式,它是通过使用与发射辐射的放射性核素偶联的小肽来进行的。在本文发明人描述的实施例中,小肽是生长抑素类似物。然而,这些肽还可以包括奥曲肽、兰瑞肽、Tyr3-奥曲肽(TOC)、Tyr3-octrotrate(TATE)和DOTA+-螯合物DOTADOC、DODATATE和DOTA-兰瑞肽。其他生长抑素类似物包括SOM230(帕瑞肽),多巴他汀(dopastatin)和奥曲肽LAR。在PRRT的情况下,生长抑素类似物用发出中能和/或高能β粒子的放射性核素(例如钇-90(90Y)或镥-177(177Lu))标记并通过静脉内(i.v.)施用于患者。但是,放射性核素可以是另一种类型,例如铟111(111In)。生长抑素相关疗法在具有生长抑素受体阳性肿瘤的患者进行的。许多但是不是所有形式的神经内分泌肿瘤(NET)表达一种或多种生长抑素受体亚型。施用PRRN后,它与位于肿瘤上的生长抑素受体结合,PRRN被保留在肿瘤中。发射电离辐射的放射性核素的衰减会在组织中沉积能量,从而导致高吸收剂量。
在本文中,本发明不限于诸如上述的特定PRRN。本发明还包括用任何合适的能够发射电离辐射的放射性核素标记的分子,例如放射性核素标记的小分子Affibody分子、双特异性抗体、Fab、Fv、scFv片段和其他免疫缀合物或其他受体配体。此外,如本文前面所述,本发明的范围还包括其他类型的电离辐射和破坏位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的其他原因。
在本文中,术语“骨髓衰竭”、“骨髓损害”、“造血干细胞和/或祖细胞功能受损”或“对骨髓的负面影响”可互换使用,并定义为正常造血干细胞和/或祖细胞功能的任何急性或慢性受损。
NET是应用辐射的肿瘤的实例。NET是一大类来自神经内分泌系统的缓慢生长的肿瘤,其特征在于它们过度表达激素受体。大多数NET起源于胃肠胰腺管(GEP)和支气肺管,在过去的三十年中,其发生率和患病率一直在稳步增长。美国国家癌症研究所的监视、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)计划报告,从1973年的1.09例/100,000人增加到2004年的5.25例/100,000人(n=35 825),这可能是由于成像趋势和诊断改善。女人和男人受到同等影响,据报告,NET的患病率为35例/10万人。NET肿瘤是根据肿瘤中通过增殖标记Ki-67确定的增殖细胞的比例来分类的。Ki-67指数为0-2%的NET被分类为1级(G1),Ki-67指数为3-20%的NET被分类为2级(G2),而Ki-67指数>20%的NET被分类为3级(G3)。中位总存活时间为75个月,但预后因疾病的起源、阶段和等级而异。
NET在生物学和临床上是异质的,转移扩散的速率和位置、激素分泌模式和生存结果在不同原发部位的肿瘤之间差异很大。例如,小肠的NET具有较高的恶性潜能,但往往进展缓慢,而胃或直肠NET通常显示出低的恶性潜能,但在晚期环境中表现出攻击性。转移性中肠NET通常分泌5-羟色胺和其他血管活性物质,引起典型的类癌综合征,主要特征为潮红、腹泻和右侧瓣膜性心脏病。
手术是局部NET的唯一有疗效的治疗方法。但是,超过40%的患者在诊断时患有转移性疾病,因此需要进行全身治疗。在过去的几年中,晚期NET的治疗范围有了显著的扩增,包括生长抑素类似物(SSA)、依维莫司和舒尼替尼的靶向药物已显示出安全性和有效性。PRRT是一种可以将放射性核素靶向递送至表达高水平生长抑素受体(SSTR)的肿瘤细胞的全身放射疗法,其已显示出对治疗晚期的中低级NET的巨大希望。PRRT的作用是通过与五个SSTR(SSTR1-5)的相互作用介导的。NET以SSTR的高密度表达为特征。受体结合后,放射性标记的SSA被内化,并将放射性标记的肽的分解产物存储在溶酶体中,从而使放射性能够传递并保留到肿瘤细胞内部。放射性标记的SSA由放射性核素同位素、载体分子(奥曲肽衍生物)和与它们结合并稳定该复合物的螯合剂组成。常用的螯合剂包括DOTA(四氮杂环十二烷四乙酸)和DTPA(二亚乙基三胺五乙酸),而奥曲肽和Octrotrate(对SSTR2具有增强的亲和力的类似物)通常用作载体。三种放射性核素(111In、90Y和177Lu)已与SSA缀合,它们的不同物理特性为放射传输带来了特殊的好处。这样的SSA包括奥曲肽、兰瑞肽、Tyr3-奥曲肽(TOC)、Tyr3-octrotrate(TATE)和DOTA+-螯合物DOTADOC、DODATATE和DOTA-兰瑞肽。其他生长抑素类似物包括SOM230(帕瑞肽)、多巴他汀和奥曲肽LAR。生长抑素类似物用发出中能和/或高能β粒子的放射性核素(如90Y177Lu)标记并经静脉内施用于患者。在临床研究中,包括在三期NETTER-1随机试验中,177Lu是最常用的。
PRRT是具有明确的预测生物标记物SSTR表达的NET的唯一治疗选择。通过SSTR闪烁法(octreoscan)已在放射性示踪剂摄入程度较高的患者中证实了提高的反应率,并且通过克伦宁(Krenning)评分的4级摄入(肿瘤摄入高于脾脏或肾脏的摄入)的患者已经被报道其总体反应率(ORR)约为60%。PRRT的活性还受原发肿瘤部位和肿瘤负荷的影响。放射标记的SSA的预期累积剂量在连续的周期(通常为4到5个周期)中分级,每6–9周进行一次全身递送。重要的是,由于骨髓和肾脏照射的限制,只能在有限的程度上重复治疗。就放射毒性而言,与PRRT相关的副作用可分为急性的和延迟的。急性作用包括恶心、呕吐和腹痛。这些反应通常在治疗结束后正常化。在治疗后可以观察到的骨髓和血液影响也被认为是急性的。因此,成功开发出一种保护正常组织免受辐射引起的损害(特别是骨髓)的药物,将能够实现更有效的癌症治疗并改善患者的健康状况。
α-1-微球蛋白——一般背景
A1M以高速率在肝脏中合成,被分泌到血流中,并转运通过血管壁到所有器官的血管外室。该蛋白也在其他组织(血细胞、脑、肾、皮肤)中合成,但速率较低。由于体积小,游离的A1M会从肾脏中的血液迅速过滤。
A1M是脂质运载蛋白超级家族的成员,脂质运载蛋白超级家族是一组来自动物、植物和细菌的具有保守三维结构、但功能非常多样化的蛋白质。每个脂质运载蛋白由一条160-190个氨基酸的链组成,该链折叠成带有疏水内部的β桶状袋。已知至少十二种人脂质运载蛋白基因。A1M是一种26kDa的血浆和组织蛋白,迄今为止已在哺乳动物、鸟类、鱼类和青蛙中鉴定出。通过X射线晶体学测定的A1M的三维结构如图1所示。A1M以高速率在肝脏中合成,被分泌到血流中,并快速地(T1/2=2-3分钟)转运通过血管壁到所有器官的血管外室。A1M以游离、单体形式以及与较大分子(IgA、白蛋白和凝血酶原)的共价复合物形式存在于血液和间质组织中。由于体积小,游离的A1M会从肾脏中的血液迅速过滤。然后大部分被重新吸收,但是显著量被排泄到尿液中。
A1M的序列和结构性质
人A1M的完整序列是已知的。该蛋白质由具有183个氨基酸残基的多肽组成。已从其他哺乳动物、鸟类、两栖动物和鱼类中检测到、分离出和/或测序了许多其他的A1M cDNA和/或蛋白质。A1M的肽链长度在物种之间略有不同,这主要是由于C末端的变化。不同的经推导的氨基酸序列的比对比较显示,同一性百分比从啮齿动物或ferungulate与人之间的大约75-80%向下变化到鱼类与哺乳动物之间的大约45%。第34位的游离半胱氨酸侧链是保守的。已显示该基团参与氧化还原反应(见下文),与其他血浆蛋白形成复合物以及与黄棕色发色团结合。A1M的三维结构表明C34是溶剂暴露的,并位于脂质运载蛋白袋的开口附近(见图1)。
在本文中,术语“α-1-微球蛋白”或相应的缩写“A1M”旨在覆盖如SEQ ID NO:1(野生型人A1M)以及SEQ ID NO:2(人重组A1M)中所鉴定的α-1-微球蛋白,及其具有相似治疗活性的任何同源物、片段或变体。因此,本文所用的A1M旨在表示与SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2具有至少80%的序列同一性的蛋白质、或其片段。优选本文所用的AlM与SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2具有至少90%的序列同一性。甚至更优选地,本文所用的AlM与SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2具有至少95%例如99%或100%的序列同一性。在一个优选的方面,A1M即为本文所鉴定的SEQ ID NO:1或2。在序列表中给出了人A1M和人重组A1M的氨基酸序列(分别为SEQ ID NO:1和2)和相应的核苷酸序列(分别为SEQ ID NO:3和4)的序列表。然而,本文所用的术语A1M中还包括具有在下文中鉴定的蛋白的重要部分的A1M的同源物、变体和片段。
比对/同一性的详细信息
本文的氨基酸残基的位置是指在人A1M中的位置,因为人A1M存在于人血浆(SEQID NO:1)。当提及重组A1M中的氨基酸残基(包括在N末端与甘氨酸残基连接的甲硫氨酸或N-甲酰基甲硫氨酸残基,所述甲硫氨酸或N-甲酰基甲硫氨酸残基为A1M(SEQ ID NO:2)中或者突变的人A1M或来自其他物种的A1M中的初始残基)时,本领域技术人员将理解如何鉴别与人A1M(SEQ ID NO:1)中的残基相对应的残基,甚至在位置因例如缺失或插入而发生偏移时。
产生重组蛋白时,它们最通常以初始Met残基开始,该初始Met残基可以使用例如甲硫氨酸氨肽酶或另一种具有类似活性的酶去除。本文介绍的A1M变体可以带有或不带有初始Met残基。
A1M的同源物
如上所述,也可以根据本文的描述使用A1M的同源物。从理论上讲,所有物种的A1M均可用于本文所述的目的,包括迄今为止发现的最原始的,其来自鱼类(比目鱼)。A1M也可以为分离形式,获自人类、猩猩、松鼠猴、大鼠、裸滨鼠、小鼠、兔子、豚鼠、牛、青蛙、鸡、海象、海牛和比目鱼。
考虑到A1M的同源物、变体和片段,以下位点已被鉴定为该蛋白的重要部分:
Y22(酪氨酸,位置22,碱基对64-66)
C34(半胱氨酸,位置34,碱基对100-102)
K69(赖氨酸,位置69,碱基对205-207)
K92(赖氨酸,位置92,碱基对274-276)
K118(赖氨酸,位置118,碱基对352-354)
K130(赖氨酸,位置130,碱基对388-390)
Y132(酪氨酸,位置132,碱基对394-396)
L180(亮氨酸,位置180,碱基对538-540)
I181(异亮氨酸,位置181,碱基对541-543)
P182(脯氨酸,位置182,碱基对544-546)
R183(精氨酸,位置183,碱基对547-549)
(在整个文件中,氨基酸和核苷酸的编号是指SEQ ID 1和3;如果使用来自其他物种的其他A1M、A1M类似物或其重组序列,本领域技术人员将知道如何鉴别(一个或者多个)活性位点或者(一个或者多个)负责酶活性的位点的氨基酸。)
因此,在那些情况下,在A1M例如与SEQ ID NO:1或2之一具有80%(或90%或95%)的序列同一性时,优选上述氨基酸存在于分子中的适当位置。
A1M突变
如上所述,A1M可以以野生型或人重组A1M或其同源物形式使用。此外,A1M基因中的以下点突变在本发明中特别有意义:
-A1M基因中导致在位置66表达His而不是Arg的点突变(R66H),
-A1M基因中导致在位置17和96表达Asp而不是Asn的点突变(N17,96D),
-A1M基因中导致在位置41表达Met而不是Lys的点突变(M41K)。
发现这些点突变会改善A1M的稳定性且具有得到保持的功能,并且可用于保护骨髓细胞、造血干细胞和/或祖细胞。
突变(M41K+R66H)、(M41K+N17,96D)、(R66H+N17,96D)和/或(M41K+R66H+N17,96D)已显示出增加的溶解度和/或得到保持的功能。突变(R66H+N17,96D)显示总体良好的性能。
其他A1M变体
此外,截短A1M的C末端,使得C末端四肽序列LIPR不形成该蛋白质的一部分,似乎赋予了改善的血红素结合和降解。
另外,可以在A1M变体中修饰N末端的带电的亲水性延伸的影响。N末端延伸可通过以下物质修饰:1)纯化标签(例如,His标签);2)将标签与A1M蛋白核心分开的接头;3)几个(1-5个)带电荷的氨基酸侧基,所述氨基酸侧基赋予蛋白质亲水性,以在水溶液中获得最大的稳定性和溶解度,同时又不损害A1M的生理功能。
可以使用带有或不带有以下初始序列(肽)的A1M:
-M8H5GIEGR:具有氨基酸序列MHHHHHHHHGGGGGIEGR或另一相关标签(HHHHHHHH)和接头(GGGGGIEGR)的肽
-M8H4DK:具有氨基酸序列MHHHHHHHHDDDDK或另一相关标签(HHHHHHHH)或接头(DDDDK)的肽
-M6H4DK:具有氨基酸序列MHHHHHHDDDDK或另一相关标签(HHHHHH)或接头(DDDDK)的肽
-M8H:具有氨基酸序列MHHHHHHHH的肽
基于这些观察,可以预期的是,沿着上文示出的线索改变A1M蛋白将提供具有A1M功能性但具有关于稳定性和/或溶解性的改善的特性的蛋白。
因此,本发明还涉及包含N末端修饰如His标签、C末端截短即没有LIPR、以及点突变M41K、R66H、N17,96D的任意组合的AlM的所有可能组合。
在下面给出了序列的列表。本发明包括所有可能的变型,例如,在本文中给出的那些变型。
SEQ ID NO:1:wt hA1M(蛋白质)
SEQ ID NO:2:rhA1M(即Met-A1M)(蛋白质)
SEQ ID NO:3:wt hA1M(核苷酸序列)
SEQ ID NO:4:rhA1M(即Met-A1M)(核苷酸序列)
SEQ ID NO:5:优选突变,无延伸–N17,96D、R66H
SEQ ID NO:6:无延伸,M41K
SEQ ID NO:7:优选突变,具有6个His、N17,96D、R66H
SEQ ID NO:8:6His、M41K
SEQ ID NO:9:优选突变,具有8个His、N17,96D、R66H
SEQ ID NO:10:8His、M41K
SEQ ID NO:11:延伸+wt hA1M
SEQ ID NO:12:优选突变,没有延伸–N17,96D、R66;C末端截短
SEQ ID NO:13:无延伸,M41K;C末端截短
SEQ ID NO:14:优选突变,具有6个His、N17,96D、R66H;C末端截短
SEQ ID NO:15:6His、M41K;C末端截短
SEQ ID NO:16:优选突变,具有8个His延伸、N17,96D、R66H;C末端截短
SEQ ID NO:17:8His,M41K;C末端截短
可以想到,出于制备或分离的目的,N-末端标签(6His或8His)可以被任何其他合适的标签代替。此外,N-末端标签和核心A1M分子之间的接头也可以在数量上变化并且分别选自Asp、Glu、Lys或Arg。
关于A1M的其他信息
人A1M在三个位置被寡糖取代:两个为唾液酸化的复合物类型,可能是与N17和N96连接的双天线碳水化合物;一个是与T5连接的更简单的寡糖。但是,来自不同物种的A1M蛋白的碳水化合物含量差异很大,范围从非洲爪蟾(Xenopus leavis)根本没有糖基化到一系列不同的糖基化模式。然而,有一个糖基化位点,其对应人中的N96,在哺乳动物中是保守的,这表明这种特定的碳水化合物可能在功能上很重要。
从血浆或尿液中纯化出来的A1M为黄棕色。颜色是由与主要位于袋入口处的各种氨基酸侧基共价结合的异质化合物引起的。这些修饰代表体内被A1M共价捕获的有机氧化剂(例如血红素、犬尿氨酸和酪氨酰自由基)的氧化降解产物。
A1M也是电荷和大小异质的,并且棕褐色A1M分子颜色越深,则带更多负电荷。异质性的可能解释是,不同的侧基被不同的自由基修饰至不同程度,并且修饰改变了蛋白质的净电荷。共价连接的有色物质定位于C34、K92、K118和K130,有色物质的分子质量在100至300Da之间。色氨酸代谢物犬尿氨酸被发现共价连接至来自血液透析患者的尿液的A1M中的赖氨酰残基,并且在这种情况下似乎是蛋白质棕色的来源[6]。合成自由基ABTS(2,2′-联氮基-二-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉)-6-磺酸)的氧化片段与Y22和Y132的侧链结合。
C34是A1M的反应中心。它具有非常强的负电性,这意味着它具有通过靠近K69、K92、118和K130带正电的侧链而释放电子的高潜能,其引起C34巯基的去质子化,这是氧化硫原子的先决条件。初步数据表明,C34是已知的最具负电性的基团之一。
从理论上讲,表征A1M特性的氨基酸(C34、Y22、K92、K118、K130、Y132、L180、I181、P182、R183)(在下文中将对其进行更详细的描述)可以以相似的三维构型排布在另一框架上,所述另一框架例如具有相同球形折叠的蛋白(另一脂质运载蛋白)或者完全人造的有机或无机分子例如塑料聚合物、纳米颗粒或金属聚合物。
这些氨基酸中的一些的三维排布(蓝色椭圆形,赖氨酸用,,+“表示)、A1M框架(桶状)、电子流和自由基俘获在图1中示出。
因此,优选包含包括如上所述的反应中心及其周围环境的结构的同源物、片段或变体。
可以对本公开的多肽的结构进行修饰和改变,并且仍然产生具有与该多肽相似的特征的分子(例如,保守氨基酸置换)。例如,某些氨基酸可以置换序列的其他氨基酸而没有明显的活性损失。因为正是多肽的相互作用能力和性质限定了该多肽的生物学功能活性,所以可以在多肽序列中进行某些氨基酸序列置换,但仍获得具有类似特性的多肽。
在进行这种改变时,可以考虑氨基酸的亲水指数。氨基酸亲水指数在赋予多肽相互作用生物学功能中的重要性在本领域中得到广泛理解。已知某些氨基酸可以置换具有相似亲水指数或得分的其他氨基酸,并且仍然产生具有相似生物活性的多肽。根据其疏水性和电荷特性,已为每个氨基酸指定了一个亲水指数。这些指数是:异亮氨酸(+4.5);缬氨酸(+4.2);亮氨酸(+3.8);苯丙氨酸(+2.8);半胱氨酸/半胱氨酸(+2.5);蛋氨酸(+1.9);丙氨酸(+1.8);甘氨酸(-0.4);苏氨酸(-0.7);丝氨酸(-0.8);色氨酸(-0.9);酪氨酸(-1.3);脯氨酸(-1.6);组氨酸(-3.2);谷氨酸(-3.5);谷氨酰胺(-3.5);天冬氨酸(-3.5);天冬酰胺(-3.5);赖氨酸(-3.9);和精氨酸(-4.5)。
据信,氨基酸的相对亲水特征决定了所得多肽的二级结构,而二级结构又限定了该多肽与其他分子如酶、底物、受体、抗体、抗原等的相互作用。本领域已知氨基酸可以被具有相似亲水指数的另一种氨基酸置换并且仍然获得功能上等效的多肽。在这种变化中,亲水指数在±2内的氨基酸的置换是优选的,亲水指数在±1内的氨基酸的置换是特别优选的,亲水指数在±0.5内的氨基酸的置换甚至是更特别优选的。
相似氨基酸的置换也可以基于亲水性来进行,特别是其中由此产生的生物学功能等效多肽或肽打算用于免疫学实施方案中。以下亲水性值已分配给氨基酸残基:精氨酸(+3.0);赖氨酸(+3.0);天冬氨酸(+3.0±1);谷氨酸(+3.0±1);丝氨酸(+0.3);天冬酰胺(+0.2);谷氨酰胺(+0.2);甘氨酸(0);脯氨酸(-0.5±1);苏氨酸(-0.4);丙氨酸(-0.5);组氨酸(-0.5);半胱氨酸(-1.0);蛋氨酸(-1.3);缬氨酸(-1.5);亮氨酸(-1.8);异亮氨酸(-1.8);酪氨酸(-2.3);苯丙氨酸(-2.5);色氨酸(-3.4)。应当理解,可以用氨基酸置换具有相似亲水性值的另一氨基酸,并且仍然获得生物学上等效的多肽,特别是免疫学上等效的多肽。在这种变化中,亲水性值在±2内的氨基酸的置换是优选的,亲水性值在±1内的氨基酸的置换是特别优选的,亲水性值在±0.5内的氨基酸的置换是甚至更特别优选的。
如上所述,氨基酸置换通常基于氨基酸侧链取代基的相对相似性,例如,它们的疏水性、亲水性、电荷、大小等。考虑到一种或多种前述特征的示例性置换是本领域技术人员众所周知的,并且包括但不限于(原始残基:示例性置换):(Ala:Gly、Ser)、(Arg:Lys)、(Asn:Gln1His)、(Asp:Glu、Cys、Ser)、(Gln:Asn)、(Glu:Asp)、(Gly:Ala)、(His:Asn、Gln)、(Ile:Leu、Val)、(Leu:Ile、Val)、(Lys:Arg)、(Met:Leu、Tyr)、(Ser:Thr)、(Thr:Ser)、(Trp:Tyr)、(Tyr:Trp、Phe)和(VaI:Lle、Leu)。因此,本公开的实施方案考虑了如上所述的多肽的功能或生物学等效物。特别地,多肽的实施方案可以包括与目的多肽具有约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和95%序列同一性的变体。
在本文中,两个氨基酸序列之间或两个核酸序列之间的同源性由参数“同一性”描述。序列的比对和同源性分数的计算可以使用完全Smith-Waterman比对来完成,这对蛋白质和DNA比对都是有用的。默认评分矩阵BLOSUM50和同一性矩阵分别用于蛋白质和DNA比对。缺口中第一个残基的罚分对于蛋白质而言是-12,对于DNA而言是-16,而缺口中其他残基的罚分对于蛋白质而言是-2,对于DNA而言是-4。可以用FASTA软件包v20u6版本比对。
可以使用“ClustalW”进行蛋白质序列的多重比对。DNA序列的多重比对可以使用蛋白质比对作为模板来进行,用来自DNA序列的相应密码子替换氨基酸。
或者,可以使用不同的软件来比对氨基酸序列和DNA序列。两个氨基酸序列的比对例如通过使用来自EMBOSS软件包(http://emboss.org)的Needle程序(2.8.0版)确定。Needle程序实现所述的全局比对算法。所用的置换矩阵为BLOSUM62,空位开放罚分为10,空位延伸罚分为0.5。
一个氨基酸序列(例如SEQ ID NO:1)和一个不同的氨基酸序列(例如SEQ ID NO:2)之间的同一性程度计算为两个序列比对中的精确匹配数除以“SEQ ID NO:1”的长度或“SEQ ID NO:2”的长度(以最短的序列为准)。结果以同一性百分比表示。
当两个序列在重叠部分的相同位置具有相同的氨基酸残基时,就发生了精确匹配。
如果相关的话,两个核苷酸序列之间的同一性程度可以通过Wilbur-Lipman方法、使用具有同一性表和以下多重比对参数的LASER-GENETMMEGALIGNTM软件(DNASTAR,Inc.,Madison,WI)确定:空位罚分为10,空位长度罚分为10。成对对齐参数为Ktuple=3,空位罚分=3,并且窗口=20。
一个多肽的氨基酸序列与氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:1或相对于氨基酸序列SEQ IDNO:1的同一性百分比可以通过以下方法确定:i)使用Needle程序、以BLOSUM62置换矩阵、空位开放罚分10、以及空位延伸罚分0.5来对这两个氨基酸序列进行比对;ii)对比对中的精确匹配数进行计数;iii)将精确匹配数除以这两个氨基酸序列中最短的那一个的长度,并且iv)将iii)的除法结果转换为百分比。以类似的方式计算与本发明的其他序列或者相对于本发明的其他序列的同一性百分比。
举例来说,多肽序列可以与参考序列相同,即为100%相同,或者与参考序列相比,它可以包括多达某个整数的氨基酸改变,从而同一性百分数小于100%。这样的改变选自:至少一个氨基酸缺失、置换(包括保守和非保守置换)或插入,并且其中所述改变可以发生在参考多肽序列的氨基末端或羧基末端位置或在这些末端位置之间的任何位置,单个地散布在参考序列的氨基酸之间,或以一个或者多个连续的组散布在参考序列内。
保守氨基酸变体也可以包含非天然存在的氨基酸残基。非天然存在的氨基酸包括但不限于反式-3-甲基脯氨酸、2,4-甲基脯氨酸、顺式-4-羟基脯氨酸、反式-4-羟基脯氨酸、N-甲基甘氨酸、同苏氨酸(allo-threonine)、甲基苏氨酸、羟基乙基半胱氨酸、羟乙基-高半胱氨酸、硝基谷氨酰胺、高谷氨酰胺、胡椒酸、噻唑烷羧酸、脱氢脯氨酸、3-甲基脯氨酸、4-甲基脯氨酸、3,3-二甲基脯氨酸、叔亮氨酸、正缬氨酸、2-氮杂苯基丙氨酸、3-氮杂苯丙氨酸、4-氮杂苯丙氨酸和4-氟苯丙氨酸。用于将非天然存在的氨基酸残基掺入蛋白质中的几种方法是本领域已知的。例如,可以使用其中使用化学氨基酰化的抑制因子tRNA抑制无义突变的体外系统。合成氨基酸和氨基酰化tRNA的方法是本领域已知的。包含无义突变的质粒的转录和翻译是在无细胞系统中进行的,该无细胞系统包括大肠杆菌S30提取物和可商购的酶和其他试剂。蛋白质通过色谱法纯化。在第二种方法中,通过显微注射突变的mRNA和化学氨基酰化的抑制因子tRNA,在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中进行翻译。在第三种方法中,在不存在将要置换的天然氨基酸(例如,苯丙氨酸)和存在所需的非天然存在的氨基酸(例如,2-氮杂苯丙氨酸、3-氮杂苯丙氨酸、4-氮杂苯丙氨酸或4-氟苯丙氨酸)的情况下培养大肠杆菌细胞。将非天然存在的氨基酸纳入蛋白中,置换其天然对应物。天然存在的氨基酸残基可以通过体外化学修饰转化为非天然存在的物质。化学修饰可与定点诱变结合使用,以进一步扩大置换范围。可以通过其他技术例如人工支架、氨基酸置换等来提供其他化学结构,所述其他化学结构提供足以支持AlM特性的3维结构。此外,模仿如上所述的A1M的活性位点的结构被认为具有与A1M相同的功能。
药物组合物和剂量
本发明还涉及
i)包含AlM的药物组合物用于保护骨髓细胞如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的用途;
ii)包含AlM的药物组合物用于保护骨髓细胞如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的用途,其中损害是由电离辐射引起的;
iii)包含AlM的药物组合物用于保护骨髓细胞如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的用途,其中损害是由化疗剂引起的;
iv)包含AlM的药物组合物用于保护骨髓细胞如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞的用途,其中损害是由有毒物质引起的;
v)包含AlM的药物组合物用于预防上述对骨髓细胞的损害的用途,其中所述包含AlM的组合物在使用电离辐射或使用化疗剂的任何治疗之前施用;
vi)试剂盒,包括:
a)用于放射疗法的工具,和
b)包含AlM的药物组合物,
用于保护骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞免于由电离辐射引起的损害;
vii)如上所述的试剂盒,其中所述放射疗法的工具是包含PRRN的药物组合物;
用于保护骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞免于由电离辐射引起的损害;
viii)试剂盒,包括:
a)用于化学疗法的工具,和
b)包含AlM的药物组合物,
用于保护骨髓细胞例如位于骨髓或其他血液小生境中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞免于由化学疗法引起的损害;
试剂盒可以是包含上述两种组合物的一个包装的形式。
包含用于放射疗法的工具(例如PRRN)的药物组合物或包含用于化学疗法的工具的药物组合物通常是已上市的组合物。
包含AlM(或其本文定义的其类似物、片段或变体)的药物组合物旨在用于任何合适的给药途径,包括肠胃外给药,例如静脉内给药或皮下给药。因此,AlM可以配制成液体,例如配制成溶液、分散液、乳液、悬浮液等。用于静脉内给药的合适载体可以包括10mMTris-HCl(pH 8.0)和0.125M NaCl。另一种适用于静脉内给药的载体可以包括10mM磷酸钠(pH 7.4)、0.15M NaCl和2mg/mL组氨酸。
对于肠胃外使用,合适的溶剂包括水、植物油、丙二醇和通常批准用于此类目的的有机溶剂。通常,本领域技术人员可以在Gennaro等人编辑的“Remington’sPharmaceutical Science”(Mack Publishing Company)、在Rowe等人编辑的“Handbook ofPharmaceutical Excipients”(PhP Press)和涉及特定制剂类型的相关赋形剂以及涉及制备特定制剂的方法的官方专著(例如Ph.Eur.或USP)中找到指导。
在那些情况下,如果将A1M与辐射暴露、放射疗法、化学疗法或暴露于其他遗传毒性剂结合使用,则A1M将针对所述暴露或者疗法以一个剂量或数个剂量给药。优选地,每个剂量将例如通过静脉内途径或者皮下途径或者通过任何其他可用途径以单剂或者多剂给药。第一剂将在所述暴露或治疗的同时、在暴露或治疗之前或之后给予。暴露或治疗后,可以添加其他的A1M剂量,但可能不是必需的。每个剂量包含与患者体重有关的A1M量:0.1-100mg A1M/kg患者。在本文的实施例中描述的研究中,采用20mg/kg的剂量(在小鼠模型中皮下给药)。
在骨髓中的造血干细胞和/或祖细胞已经受到损伤并且不需要放射疗法或化学疗法的情况下,可以如上所述或以多剂给予A1M。
用A1M治疗的效果可以以下方式跟踪,例如但不限于测量与来自同一患者(但血样在治疗前采取的情况)的外周血中的网织红细胞的百分比相比的外周血中网织红细胞的百分比,其中百分比增加表示对骨髓有积极作用。或者,可以与来自健康志愿者的对照样品进行比较。
序列表自由文本
SEQ ID NO:1
<223>野生型人A1M,无突变
SEQ ID NO:2
<223>rhA1M,即N端Met
SEQ ID NO:3
<223>野生型人A1M,无突变(核苷酸序列)
SEQ ID NO:4
<223>rhA1M,即N端Met(核苷酸序列)
SEQ ID NO:5
<223>hA1M,无标签,N端Met,N17,96D;R66H
SEQ ID NO:6
<223>hA1M,无标签,N端Met,M41K
SEQ ID NO:7
<223>6His,N17,96D;R66H
SEQ ID NO:8
<223>hA1M,6His和M41K
SEQ ID NO:9
<223>8His,N17,96D;R66H
SEQ ID NO:10
<223>hA1M,8His和M41K
SEQ ID NO:11
<223>hA1M,8His,无突变
SEQ ID NO:12
<223>hA1M,无标签,N端Met,N17,96D;R66H;截短型
SEQ ID NO:13
<223>hA1M,无标签,N端Met,M41K,截短型
SEQ ID NO:14
<223>6His,N17,96D,R66H,截短型
SEQ ID NO:15
<223>hA1M,6His,M41K,截短型
SEQ ID NO:16
<223>8His,N17,96D,R66H,截短型
SEQ ID NO:17
<223>hA1M,8His,M41K,截短型
附图说明
图1:A1M的三维结构,其中高亮标出C34残基,并标记出N末端和C末端。
图2:A1M赋予暴露于177Lu-DOTATATE后的骨髓和外周血细胞内的网织红细胞保护作用。
A.通过将股骨在含2%FCS的PBS中压碎并使其通过70um细胞滤网获得单细胞悬液,从而获得来自骨髓的单细胞悬液。通过与小鼠Fc受体结合抑制剂孵育来封闭细胞,然后用针对Ter119、CD44、CD71和CD45的单克隆抗体染色。为了排除死细胞,使用了DAPI。
B.从隐静脉收集外周血,并使用Retic-Count使用LSR Fortessa或Canto II流式细胞仪测定网织红细胞。
数据表示为平均值±标准差和单个数据点。使用单因素ANOVA和事后Tukey分析组中的差异。
图3:A1M赋予177Lu-DOTATATE后的原成红细胞保护作用。
A.通过将股骨在含2%FCS的PBS中压碎并使其通过70um细胞滤网获得单细胞悬液,从而获得来自骨髓的单细胞悬液。通过与小鼠Fc受体结合抑制剂孵育来封闭细胞,然后用针对Ter119、CD44、CD71和CD45的单克隆抗体染色。为了排除死细胞,使用了DAPI。
数据表示为平均值±标准差。使用单因素ANOVA和事后Tukey分析组中的差异。
图4:A1M治疗可改善鼠DBA模型和患者体内红系细胞的扩增。用强力霉素(Doxycycline)处理CD117(Kit)+骨髓细胞以诱导Rps19缺陷。强力霉素给药后二十四小时,用干扰铁或血红素利用度的药物处理细胞。扩增5天后,使用ATP测量平台CellTiter Glo监测存活的细胞。在A)中示出了药物筛选的示意图。B)呈现了用各自的干扰铁或血红素利用度的药物化合物治疗的Rps19诱导型小鼠的骨髓细胞(如A中所述)的增殖。还显示了药物活性的示意图,其中A1M显示出通过减少成红细胞中未结合的血红素而具有细胞内作用。将细胞在红系促进培养基中培养5天。使用Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验和Dunn多重比较检验进行统计分析,并将基因型分别与各自的对照进行比较。p值:*≤005,**≤001,***≤0001,****≤00001。C)来自Rps19缺陷型小鼠的在具有A1M或载体的红系培养物中扩增72小时的Kit+骨髓细胞中游离的未结合的细胞内血红素的浓度。曼惠特尼非参数分析用于每种基因型内的统计分析。D)来自具有RPS19、RPL35a和RPS26突变的DBA患者或者健康对照组的外周血的CD34+红系前体在红系促进培养基中用A1M或载体处理7天的扩增情况。每个供体的经A1M处理或载体处理的值成对出现。
实验部分
实施例1–A1M防止辐射对骨髓和外周血细胞造成的损害
在这项研究中,我们证明了人重组A1M(A1M)赋予对BALB/c小鼠中177Lu-DOTATATE(150MBq)暴露后辐射对骨髓和外周血细胞造成的损害的保护作用。
方法
重组人A1M
重组人A1M(A1M,对应于A1M的变体RMC-035(R66H+N17,96D))由A1M Pharma AB(Lund,瑞典)提供。
放射性药物
放射性药物前体的镥(177Lu)-氯化物(LuMark,IDB,荷兰)和DOTA-(Tyr3)-Octreotate(ANMI,比利时)的缀合,表示为177Lu-DOTATATE,在隆德大学医院(Lund,瑞典)进行。177Lu-DOTATATE缀合物的质量控制在隆德大学放射性核素中心(Lund,瑞典)进行。
动物研究
本研究使用了12周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠(Taconic,丹麦)。两组(n=5-10)接受皮下施用A1M(20mg/kg)或载体缓冲液(10mM磷酸钠(pH 7.4)+0.15M NaCl+12mM组氨酸),然后在30分钟后静脉内注射177Lu-DOTATATE(150MBq)。对照组(n=5-10)皮下施用载体,随后30分钟后静脉内注射氯化钠。注射后4天处死动物。
4天后(177Lu-DOTATATE给药后),从未麻醉动物的隐静脉采取血液(用于外周血细胞和网织红细胞计数)于EDTA预涂小瓶(Microvette CB 300K2E,Sarstedt,Nümbrecht,德国)中,并置于室温的摇动混合器上,然后进行如下所述的分析。此后,用异氟烷麻醉动物,通过颈脱位处死,取股骨(左侧和右侧)样本,并置于静置于湿冰上的24孔板中的PBS(pH7.4)中。
所有动物实验均按照有关实验动物保护的国家法规并获得动物研究伦理委员会(Lund,瑞典)的批准进行。
骨髓流式细胞仪分析:
通过在含2%FCS的PBS(GIBCO,Waltham,MA,美国)中压碎股骨,然后使其通过70um细胞过滤器,以获得单细胞悬液,从而分离出骨髓细胞。通过与小鼠Fc受体结合抑制剂(eBioscience,Waltham,MA,美国)孵育来封闭单细胞悬液,然后用以下购自BDBiosciences(Stockholm,Sweden)的特异性小鼠单克隆抗体(mAb)Ter119、CD44、CD71和CD45染色。为了排除死细胞,使用了4,6-二脒基-2′-苯基吲哚二盐酸盐(DAPI)。所有实验均在LSRFortessa(BD Biosciences)流式细胞仪上进行,并使用FlowJo软件进行分析。
使用血液分析仪SYSMEX KX-21N从单细胞悬液计数骨髓细胞性。
血液分析
收集外周血后,使用SYSMEX KX-21N血液分析仪确定血液参数。使用LSR Fortessa或Canto II流式细胞仪使用Retic-Count(BD Biosciences)确定网织红细胞计数。
统计分析
通过使用方差分析(ANOVA)对所有实验组进行比较来评估结果。所有统计计算均在GraphPad Prism(GraphPad Prism 7.0;GraphPad软件;GraphPad,Bethesda,MD,美国)中进行。
结果
骨髓和外周血中的造血细胞分析
使用流式细胞仪和Sysmex血液分析仪评估了注射150MBq 177Lu-DOTATATE后4天辐射对骨髓和外周血细胞的影响。观察到暴露于177Lu-DOTATATE后,骨髓和外周血两者中活的网织红细胞的百分比均显著降低(图2)。在177Lu-DOTATATE施用前沉积30分钟的A1M皮下的共同施用使完全得到保留的网织红细胞群保持处于未接受辐射的对照动物水平(图2)。
辐射对最终红系分化的影响
注射150MBq 177Lu-DOTATATE后4天评估了骨髓内的最终红系分化。除了在网织红细胞上观察到的作用(与图2的结果一致)外,还观察到对原成红细胞群有明显的作用(图3,用I表示的群体),尽管在统计学上不显著。在任何其他祖细胞群(表示为群II-IV)中均未观察到辐射的影响。在177Lu-DOTATATE施用前沉积30分钟的A1M的皮下共同施用,除了网织红细胞外,还显示出对原成红细胞群的保护,并使它们保持在未接受辐射暴露的对照动物水平(图3)。。
实施例2–A1M在Diamond-Blackfan贫血中减少过量的细胞内血红素并改善增殖
在这项研究中,我们证明,人重组A1M(A1M)是唯一经过测试的化合物,该化合物可导致鼠Rps19缺陷型红系前体的增殖增加,并具有降低未结合血红素水平的能力。
介绍
Diamond-Blackfan贫血(DBA)是一种先天性疾病,患者表现出大红细胞性贫血和骨髓中缺乏红系前体。全部患者中约70%具有核糖体蛋白突变,最常见的是RPS19突变。通常蛋白质翻译,尤其是某些mRNA的翻译,在DBA中发生改变,从而导致疾病表型。肿瘤抑制因子p53在DBA中被过度激活,导致红系前体的增殖减少和凋亡增加。DBA的当前治疗是糖皮质激素、输血或同种异体骨髓移植。不幸的是,所有可用的疗法都有副作用,损害了患者的生活质量。因此,迫切需要针对DBA的疾病特异性治疗。
已经证实,来自DBA患者的红系前体细胞含有病理学上高的细胞内血红素水平,这可以对不良的红系细胞增殖做出解释。由于未结合的血红素是有毒的,因此细胞内血红色的增加需要用等价量的球蛋白来产生血红蛋白——红细胞的必需携氧分子。然而,在DBA中,翻译受到损害,在红系细胞中,主要的合成蛋白是球蛋白。这一发现表明,降低血红素毒性的药物是DBA的潜在治疗策略,通过提高球蛋白mRNA的翻译(这是正在进行的使用Leucin的临床试验背后的原理)或通过降低细胞内血红素水平的方法。
在这个实施例中,我们筛选了减少DBA中有毒的未结合的细胞内血红素的新型治疗策略。虽然抑制血红素合成的药物未能改善Rps19缺陷型红系祖细胞的增殖,但用血红素清除剂A1M进行治疗降低了来自DBA鼠模型和DBA患者两者的升高的细胞内血红素水平,并增加了红系细胞的增殖。
方法
鼠骨髓细胞的药物处理
当地所有动物研究伦理委员会授予了伦理许可。根据制造商的说明,使用磁珠(Miltenyi,德国)针对CD117(Kit)表达对来自8-14周的诱导型Rps19缺陷型小鼠的骨髓进行富集。细胞在StemSpan无血清扩增培养基(SFEM)(Stem cell technologies,加拿大)、1%青霉素/链霉素(GE Healthcare,美国)、10%胎牛血清(ThermoFisher Scientific,美国)、100ng/ml mSCF(Peprotech,美国)、300μg/ml人全转铁蛋白(Sigma-Aldrich,美国)和2U/ml hEpo(Johnson-Johnson,美国)以及0.2μg/ml强力霉素(Sigma-Aldrich)中培养。
强力霉素给药后24小时给予的药物是A1M(由瑞典的A1M Pharma AB提供)、N-甲基中卟啉IX(AH Diagnostics,丹麦)、琥珀酰丙酮、高铁血红素、去铁胺、去铁他汀(Ferrostatin)和N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸和血红素结合蛋白(Sigma-Aldrich)。使用CellTiter Glo(美国Promega)测量给药后5天的细胞扩增,CellTiter Glo可根据存在的ATP的数量来测量培养物中活细胞和代谢活性细胞的数量。在Victor 3 Multilabel计数器(PerkinElmer,美国)上读取板。
A1M处理人样品
根据瑞典伦理审查委员会授予的伦理许可,使用知情同意书,在隆德大学医院采集外周血样本。3名DBA患者分别在RPS19、RPS26和RPL35a中发生了突变,并且都通过螯合疗法接受了输血。DBA患者和健康受试者的单核细胞是使用Lymphoprep(Fresenius Kabi,德国)获得的,并根据制造商的说明书使用磁珠(Miltenyi,德国)针对CD34表达进行了富集。将细胞在SFEM(Stem cell technologies)、1%青霉素/链霉素(GE Healthcare)、100ng/mlhSCF(Peprotech)、2U/ml Epo(Johnson-Johnson)中培养。每2-3天添加5μM A1M或载体(Tris-HCl/NaCl),共7-8天。使用血细胞计数器手动进行细胞计数。
结果与讨论
A1M增加红系Rps19缺陷细胞的增殖
由于细胞内血红素水平升高可能会导致DBA患者红系前体增殖受损,因此我们在来自DBA小鼠模型的红系细胞中对影响铁或血红素利用度的化合物进行了药物筛选(图4A)。影响血红素合成或铁利用度的化合物没有一个改善Rps19缺陷细胞的增殖。引人注目的是,A1M(5μM和10μM)是唯一经测试显示Rps19缺陷型红系前体增殖增加的化合物。在WT细胞中未见到对增殖的影响,这表明A1M仅在Rps19缺陷型红系前体中具有特定作用(图4B)。
A1M降低Rps19缺陷细胞中升高的血红素水平
A1M通过清除和降解血红素来防止血红素引起的细胞和组织损伤。在Rps19缺陷的红系细胞中,A1M被证明会显著降低未结合的细胞内血红素水平,使其回到WT水平(图4C)。由于主要用细胞外血红素清除剂血红素结合蛋白的治疗对DBA细胞没有影响(图4B),因此A1M可能在细胞内对红系DBA细胞起作用。
在A1M治疗下来自DBA患者的早期红系细胞增加增殖
用5μM A1M培养来自三名DBA患者的纯化的红系前体,全都显示出改善的扩增,而在来自健康受试者的细胞中未观察到这种趋势(图4D)。
总之,这项研究确定了通过使未结合的细胞内血红素水平正常化来增加来自DBA患者的红系细胞的增殖的血红素结合蛋白A1M。我们的发现表明,在核糖体蛋白缺乏症(例如del 5q-骨髓增生异常综合征)引起的贫血条件下,A1M具有降低血红素毒性的潜力。两者合计,这项研究已经确定A1M可用于治疗来自DBA患者的细胞。它还可以作为概念验证研究,证明靶向血红素水平可用于开发更多疾病特异性DBA疗法。
实施例3-几种不同的骨髓损害诱导剂后的造血恢复的评估
研究A1M治疗对多种不同损害后的骨髓恢复的影响,所述多种不同损害包括暴露于全身辐射、遗传毒性分子和细胞毒性分子(例如5-FU、顺铂等)、苯肼等药物引起的溶血或遗传缺陷如Diamond-Blackfan贫血中的RPS19缺陷引起的损害。
以上内容将通过以下方式进行评估:
1.在小鼠中进行系列移植以评估干/祖细胞恢复
金标实验将进行系列移植以及有限稀释实验(Frisch等人,2014;RundbergNilsson等人,2015)。系列移植意味着经过A1M处理或未经处理的受损害小鼠(见上文所述的不同损害)的骨髓将与竞争细胞一起至少两次重新移植到受辐照的小鼠中。这是证明长期的干细胞在A1M处理的小鼠中得以保存。
2.小鼠中的有限稀释实验
有限稀释实验用于功能性定量干细胞(Bonnefoix等人,2010)。来自A1M处理和未经处理小鼠的不同数量的骨髓细胞将与健康竞争细胞一起重新移植到受辐照的小鼠中。基于经处理的小鼠与健康细胞相比的造血重建水平,可以估计在损害中幸存的干细胞的数量。
3.小鼠中处理后的FACS和集落测定
进行标准实验以评估祖细胞的数量。FACS分析将确定A1M疗法是否导致造血祖细胞和干细胞提高的存活。
4.干/祖细胞中的A1M摄取
将A1M注入健康和受损害(见上文)的小鼠中。然后,将FACS用于分选动物的干细胞和祖细胞,并确定A1M的摄取。
5.A1M基因敲除小鼠
上述实验在具有正常内源A1M水平的动物中进行,进行的目的是评估A1M作为药物的潜力。为了更清楚地确定A1M在骨髓损害期间保护造血干/祖细胞的机制,将在缺乏A1M的A1M基因敲除小鼠进行上述实验。
参考文献:
Bonnefoix,T.and M.Callanan(2010)."Accurate hematopoietic stem cellfrequency estimates by fitting multicell Poisson models substituting to thesingle-hit Poisson model in limiting dilution transplantation assays."Blood116(14):2472-2475.
Frisch,B.J.and L.M.Calvi(2014)."Hematopoietic stem cell cultures andassays."Methods Mol Biol 1130:315-324.
Rundberg Nilsson,A.,C.J.Pronk and D.Bryder(2015)."Probinghematopoietic stem cell function using serial transplantation:Seedingcharacteristics and the impact of stem cell purification."Exp Hematol 43(9):812-817e811.
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> A1M Pharma AB
<120> α-1-微球蛋白用于保护骨髓细胞的用途
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gggaagtggt acaacctggc catcggttcc acctgcccct ggctgaagaa gatcatggac 180
aggatgacag tgagcacgct ggtgctggga gagggcgcta cagaggcgga gatcagcatg 240
accagcactc gttggcggaa aggtgtctgt gaggagacgt ctggagctta tgagaaaaca 300
gatactgatg ggaggtttct ctatcacaaa tccaaatgga acataaccat ggagtcctat 360
gtggtccaca ccacctatga tgagtatgcc atttttctga ccaagaaatt cagccgccat 420
catggaccca ccattactgc caagctctac gggcgggcgc cgcagctgag ggaaactctc 480
ctgcaggact tcagagtggt tgcccagggt gtgggcatcc ctgaggactc catcttcacc 540
atggctgacc gaggtgaatg tgtccctggg gagcaggaac cagagcccat cttaatcccg 600
aga 603
<210> 5
<211> 184
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> rhA1M, 无标签, N末端Met, N17,96D, R66H
<400> 5
Met Gly Pro Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn
1 5 10 15
Phe Asp Ile Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly
20 25 30
Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser
35 40 45
Thr Leu Val Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr
50 55 60
Ser Thr His Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp
85 90 95
Asp Ile Thr Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr
100 105 110
Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile
115 120 125
Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu
130 135 140
Gln Asp Phe Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser
145 150 155 160
Ile Phe Thr Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu
165 170 175
Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
180
<210> 6
<211> 184
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, not tag, N末端Met, M41K
<400> 6
Met Gly Pro Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn
1 5 10 15
Phe Asn Ile Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly
20 25 30
Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser
35 40 45
Thr Leu Val Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr
50 55 60
Ser Thr Arg Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp
85 90 95
Asn Ile Thr Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr
100 105 110
Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile
115 120 125
Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu
130 135 140
Gln Asp Phe Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser
145 150 155 160
Ile Phe Thr Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu
165 170 175
Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
180
<210> 7
<211> 195
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> 6His, N17,96D; R66H
<400> 7
Met His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro Val Pro
1 5 10 15
Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asp Ile Ser Arg
20 25 30
Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp
35 40 45
Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val Leu Gly
50 55 60
Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr His Trp Arg
65 70 75 80
Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr
85 90 95
Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asp Ile Thr Met Glu
100 105 110
Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr
115 120 125
Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr
130 135 140
Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe Arg Val
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr Met Ala
165 170 175
Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu
180 185 190
Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 8
<211> 195
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 6His, M41K
<400> 8
Met His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro Val Pro
1 5 10 15
Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asn Ile Ser Arg
20 25 30
Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp
35 40 45
Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val Leu Gly
50 55 60
Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr Arg Trp Arg
65 70 75 80
Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr
85 90 95
Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asn Ile Thr Met Glu
100 105 110
Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr
115 120 125
Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr
130 135 140
Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe Arg Val
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr Met Ala
165 170 175
Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu
180 185 190
Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 9
<211> 197
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> 8His, N17,96D; R66H
<400> 9
Met His His His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asp Ile
20 25 30
Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys
35 40 45
Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val
50 55 60
Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr His
65 70 75 80
Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr
85 90 95
Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asp Ile Thr
100 105 110
Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe
115 120 125
Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys
130 135 140
Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe
145 150 155 160
Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr
165 170 175
Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro
180 185 190
Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 10
<211> 197
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 8His, M41K
<400> 10
Met His His His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asn Ile
20 25 30
Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys
35 40 45
Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val
50 55 60
Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr Arg
65 70 75 80
Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr
85 90 95
Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asn Ile Thr
100 105 110
Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe
115 120 125
Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys
130 135 140
Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe
145 150 155 160
Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr
165 170 175
Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro
180 185 190
Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 11
<211> 197
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 8His, 无突变
<400> 11
Met His His His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asn Ile
20 25 30
Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys
35 40 45
Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val
50 55 60
Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr Arg
65 70 75 80
Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr
85 90 95
Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asn Ile Thr
100 105 110
Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe
115 120 125
Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys
130 135 140
Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe
145 150 155 160
Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr
165 170 175
Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro
180 185 190
Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 12
<211> 180
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 无标签, N末端Met, N17,96D; R66H; 截短型
<400> 12
Met Gly Pro Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn
1 5 10 15
Phe Asp Ile Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly
20 25 30
Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser
35 40 45
Thr Leu Val Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr
50 55 60
Ser Thr His Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp
85 90 95
Asp Ile Thr Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr
100 105 110
Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile
115 120 125
Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu
130 135 140
Gln Asp Phe Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser
145 150 155 160
Ile Phe Thr Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu
165 170 175
Pro Glu Pro Ile
180
<210> 13
<211> 184
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 无标签, N末端Met, M41K; 截短型
<400> 13
Met Gly Pro Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn
1 5 10 15
Phe Asn Ile Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly
20 25 30
Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser
35 40 45
Thr Leu Val Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr
50 55 60
Ser Thr Arg Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp
85 90 95
Asn Ile Thr Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr
100 105 110
Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile
115 120 125
Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu
130 135 140
Gln Asp Phe Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser
145 150 155 160
Ile Phe Thr Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu
165 170 175
Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
180
<210> 14
<211> 191
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> 6His, N17,96D; R66H; 截短型
<400> 14
Met His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro Val Pro
1 5 10 15
Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asp Ile Ser Arg
20 25 30
Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp
35 40 45
Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val Leu Gly
50 55 60
Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr His Trp Arg
65 70 75 80
Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr
85 90 95
Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asp Ile Thr Met Glu
100 105 110
Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr
115 120 125
Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr
130 135 140
Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe Arg Val
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr Met Ala
165 170 175
Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro Ile
180 185 190
<210> 15
<211> 195
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 6His, M41K; 截短型
<400> 15
Met His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro Val Pro
1 5 10 15
Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asn Ile Ser Arg
20 25 30
Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys Pro Trp
35 40 45
Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val Leu Gly
50 55 60
Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr Arg Trp Arg
65 70 75 80
Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr Asp Thr
85 90 95
Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asn Ile Thr Met Glu
100 105 110
Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe Leu Thr
115 120 125
Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Leu Tyr
130 135 140
Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe Arg Val
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr Met Ala
165 170 175
Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro Ile Leu
180 185 190
Ile Pro Arg
195
<210> 16
<211> 193
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> 8His, N17,96D; R66H; 截短型
<400> 16
Met His His His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asp Ile
20 25 30
Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys
35 40 45
Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Met Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val
50 55 60
Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr His
65 70 75 80
Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr
85 90 95
Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asp Ile Thr
100 105 110
Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe
115 120 125
Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys
130 135 140
Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe
145 150 155 160
Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr
165 170 175
Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro
180 185 190
Ile
<210> 17
<211> 197
<212> PRT
<213> 人(Homo sapiens)
<220>
<223> hA1M, 8His, M41K; 截短型
<400> 17
Met His His His His His His His His Asp Asp Asp Asp Lys Gly Pro
1 5 10 15
Val Pro Thr Pro Pro Asp Asn Ile Gln Val Gln Glu Asn Phe Asn Ile
20 25 30
Ser Arg Ile Tyr Gly Lys Trp Tyr Asn Leu Ala Ile Gly Ser Thr Cys
35 40 45
Pro Trp Leu Lys Lys Ile Lys Asp Arg Met Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Val
50 55 60
Leu Gly Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Glu Ile Ser Met Thr Ser Thr Arg
65 70 75 80
Trp Arg Lys Gly Val Cys Glu Glu Thr Ser Gly Ala Tyr Glu Lys Thr
85 90 95
Asp Thr Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr His Lys Ser Lys Trp Asn Ile Thr
100 105 110
Met Glu Ser Tyr Val Val His Thr Asn Tyr Asp Glu Tyr Ala Ile Phe
115 120 125
Leu Thr Lys Lys Phe Ser Arg His His Gly Pro Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys
130 135 140
Leu Tyr Gly Arg Ala Pro Gln Leu Arg Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asp Phe
145 150 155 160
Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gly Val Gly Ile Pro Glu Asp Ser Ile Phe Thr
165 170 175
Met Ala Asp Arg Gly Glu Cys Val Pro Gly Glu Gln Glu Pro Glu Pro
180 185 190
Ile Leu Ile Pro Arg
195
Claims (16)
1.α-1-微球蛋白(A1M),其用于在保护受试者的骨髓细胞中的用途。
2.A1M,其用于在保护位于受试者的骨髓或其他血液小生境中的一种或多种造血干细胞和祖细胞中的用途。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述之用途的A1M,其中所述保护是针对暴露于电离辐射、化学疗法或遗传毒性物质引起的损害。
4.根据权利要求3所述之用途的A1M,其中,所述辐射是电离辐射,其从身体外部的源如以外部束放射疗法或X射线放射摄影术发出。
5.根据权利要求3所述之用途的A1M,其中,所述辐射是电离辐射,其从内置于体内的源发出,所述内置于体内的源如未密封的源放射性核素疗法(RNT)、肽受体核素放射疗法(PRRT)、放射免疫疗法(RIT)或近距离放射疗法。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述之用途的AlM,其中所述保护用于诊断目的用的电离辐射。
7.根据权利要求5所述之用途的A1M,其中用放射性核素标记的化合物选自由以下组成的组:受体配体、Affibody分子、双特异性抗体、抗体片段和/或其他小分子。
8.根据权利要求5-7所述之用途的A1M,其中生长抑素类似物用放射性核素标记。
9.根据权利要求8所述之用途的A1M,其中所述生长抑素类似物选自由以下组成的组:奥曲肽、兰瑞肽、Tyr3-奥罗肽、Tyr3-octrotrate、DOTADOC、DODATATE、DOTA-兰瑞肽、帕瑞肽、多巴他汀和奥曲肽LAR。
10.根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述之用途的AlM,其中AlM在暴露于辐射之前、同时或之后施用。
11.根据权利要求10所述之用途的A1M,其中A1M在一段时间里被注入。
12.根据权利要求4-11中任一项所述之用途的AlM,其中辐射和AlM的施用基本上是同时的。
13.根据权利要求4-11中任一项所述之用途的AlM,其中AlM在辐射之前或之后多于一次施用。
14.A1M,其用于在治疗骨髓细胞损害中的用途。
15.A1M,其用于在治疗存在于骨髓和其他血液小生境中的一种或多种造血干细胞和祖细胞中的用途。
16.根据权利要求3-15中任一项所述之用途的A1M,其中,所述损害导致一种或多种造血干细胞和祖细胞例如但不限于网织红细胞的产生与对照或取自在任何暴露于辐射、化学疗法或遗传毒性物质之前的同一受试者的样品相比减少。
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DKPA201770823 | 2017-11-03 | ||
DKPA201770823 | 2017-11-03 | ||
PCT/EP2018/079926 WO2019086569A1 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2018-11-01 | Use of alpha-1-microglobulin for protection of bone marrow cells |
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US (1) | US20200345810A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3703729A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2021501750A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111511386A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2018360281A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3081416A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019086569A1 (zh) |
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WO2024165674A1 (en) | 2023-02-08 | 2024-08-15 | Guard Therapeutics International AB | Alpha-1-microglobulin derived peptide fragments and uses thereof |
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JP2017149685A (ja) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | エー1エム ファーマ エービーA1M Pharma AB | 造影剤の使用に関連して腎臓の保護に使用するためのα−1−ミクログロブリン |
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2018
- 2018-11-01 JP JP2020523732A patent/JP2021501750A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-11-01 AU AU2018360281A patent/AU2018360281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-11-01 US US16/760,724 patent/US20200345810A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-11-01 CA CA3081416A patent/CA3081416A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-11-01 CN CN201880073623.8A patent/CN111511386A/zh active Pending
- 2018-11-01 WO PCT/EP2018/079926 patent/WO2019086569A1/en unknown
- 2018-11-01 EP EP18796439.0A patent/EP3703729A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
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US20200345810A1 (en) | 2020-11-05 |
WO2019086569A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
AU2018360281A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
CA3081416A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
JP2021501750A (ja) | 2021-01-21 |
EP3703729A1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
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