CN111491606A - 抗微生物组合物 - Google Patents
抗微生物组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111491606A CN111491606A CN201880082667.7A CN201880082667A CN111491606A CN 111491606 A CN111491606 A CN 111491606A CN 201880082667 A CN201880082667 A CN 201880082667A CN 111491606 A CN111491606 A CN 111491606A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- biphenol
- antimicrobial
- compositions
- quaternary ammonium
- Prior art date
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- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical group C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗微生物组合物。本发明提供了包含至少一种双苯酚;和至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物的抗微生物组合物,其中所述双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及抗微生物组合物。
背景技术
人们努力照顾他们身体的外表面以及他们的宠物的那些以维持良好的整体健康。这些表面包括他们的皮肤、口腔和头皮。人们关心的具体皮肤相关问题包括健康且无感染的皮肤、良好肤色、和足够的保湿。口腔是人们积极注意维护的另一个外表面。人们通常更喜欢具有很少脱发的浓密长发和无感染的头皮。
与皮肤、口腔或头皮相关的许多(如果不是全部)问题与微生物如例如细菌和一些真菌有关。一些细菌如大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)常见于人类皮肤上。这些细菌虽然常存在于皮肤上,但本身不是致病性的。然而,当它们经由行为如摄入进入人体时,这些细菌倾向于变成致病性的。口腔(包括齿龈和牙齿)问题中的大部分,如例如蛀牙、牙垢、牙龈炎、龋齿、口腔异味(也称为口臭)和牙菌斑,与细菌在口腔中的存在有关。另外,头皮屑是经常出现的头皮问题,也暗示被真菌微生物感染的头皮。
因此,人们通常倾向于通过保持他们的外表面没有微生物来照顾他们的外表面。一种解决感染的方式是在感染已经来临之后用抗微生物活性物处理感染。然而,另一种方法是将很少量的抗微生物活性物留在这些表面上,使得杀死或灭活任何侵入性微生物,从而使感染的扩散最小化。
涉及某些活性物和从其获得的抗微生物益处的一些参考文献见于现有技术中。
WO11038797(Beiersdorf AG,2009)公开了厚朴酚或和厚朴酚做为抗细菌、抗真菌、抗寄生虫或抗病毒活性成分的用途,其中在每种情形中仅使用两种活性成分中的一种。
US2009156551(DSM,2009)公开了包含厚朴酚和和厚朴酚的组合物,其中厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的摩尔比小于0.6,以及这些组合物作为药物,特别是作为用于治疗、辅助治疗或预防炎性紊乱的药物的用途。
WO0182922(Procter and Gamble,2001)公开了包含有效量的选自厚朴酚、和厚朴酚、四氢厚朴酚、四氢和厚朴酚及其混合物的多酚草药提取物;有效量的缓冲剂;约40%至约99%的一种或多种水性载体的口服组合物;其中所述口服组合物具有约5%至约70%的总水含量。
US 2014/328772(Colgate-Palmolive Co.)公开了包含被增溶的厚朴酚类似物以及脱水山梨糖醇酯的组合物,所述被增溶的厚朴酚类似物包含选自丙基厚朴酚、异丙基厚朴酚、丁基厚朴酚和异丁基厚朴酚的至少一种厚朴酚类似物。US 2014/328772涉及使用选择性增溶所述厚朴酚类似物的脱水山梨糖醇酯,例如聚山梨醇酯20、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80和聚山梨醇酯85,解决增溶所述厚朴酚类似物的问题。
尽管迄今做了很多努力,但是人们一直寻求新的技术,如例如将递送抗微生物益处的活性物或活性物组合。进一步地,由于人们现在更喜欢很少暴露于化学成分,优选的是如果使用很少量的已知抗微生物活性物。因此,递送抗微生物益处的抗微生物组合物和活性物仍然是感兴趣的主题。
因此,需要提供包含递送抗微生物益处的一种或多种活性物的抗微生物组合物。也需要提供包含很少量的已知抗微生物活性物的抗微生物组合物。
本发明的一个目的是提供抗微生物组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有很少量的已知抗微生物活性物的抗微生物组合物。
本发明人出人意料地发现,选自双苯酚的至少一种化合物与至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物的组合提供了协同抗微生物益处。还发现,这样的抗微生物益处是使用很少量的已知抗微生物活性物获得。还发现,这样的抗微生物益处是以针对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性微生物的相对短的接触时间获得。
发明内容
在第一方面,本发明涉及抗微生物组合物,其包含:
a.至少一种双苯酚;和
b.至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物,
其中所述双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚。
在第二方面,本发明涉及一种清洁或消毒表面的方法,其包括将第一方面的组合物施用到表面上的步骤。
在第三方面,本发明涉及第一方面的组合物用于抗微生物益处的用途。
在第四方面,本发明涉及第一方面的组合物用于改善的手部卫生的用途。
具体实施方式
本发明的一个方面的任何特征可用于本发明的任何其它方面。词语“包含”旨在表示“包括”,但不一定是“由...组成”或“由...构成”。换句话说,所列步骤或选项不需要是穷举性的。除非是在操作和比较实施例中,或在另外明确指出的情况下,否则本说明书中指示材料的量或反应条件、材料的物理特性和/或用途的所有数字均应理解为由词语“约”修饰。以“x至y”格式表示的数字范围应理解为包括x和y。当针对特定特征以“x至y”格式描述多个优选范围时,应当理解还预期组合不同端点的所有范围。
在第一方面,本发明涉及抗微生物组合物,其包含:
a.至少一种双苯酚;和
b.至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物,
其中所述双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚。
如上文提及的抗微生物组合物优选是指能够杀死或至少引起常见致病微生物大量减少的任何组合物。常见致病性革兰氏阳性生物包括葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcusspp.)、链球菌属(Streptococcus spp.)和肠球菌属(Enterococcus spp.)。常见致病性革兰氏阴性生物中的一些包括大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属、克雷伯氏菌属和志贺氏菌属。大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌属可引起严重的胃肠疾病。
双苯酚
根据本发明的组合物(所述组合物)包含至少一种双苯酚,其中所述双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚。这意味着双苯酚包含二烯丙基取代。
适用于本发明的双苯酚的实例包括2,4′-双苯酚(IUPAC名称:2,4′-二羟基联苯)、2,2’-双苯酚(2,2’-二羟基联苯)、3,3′-双苯酚(3,3′-二羟基联苯)、4,4′-双苯酚(4,4′-二羟基联苯)、及其混合物。
二烯丙基取代可以存在于双苯酚结构上的位置中的任一个处。优选的二烯丙基双苯酚为(5-3’-二烯丙基)双苯酚或(5-5’-二烯丙基)双苯酚。(5-3'-二烯丙基)双苯酚的一个实例包括5-3’-二烯丙基-2,4’-二羟基联苯(通常称为和厚朴酚)。(5-5’-二烯丙基)双苯酚的一个实例包括5-5’-二烯丙基-2,2’-二羟基联苯(通常称为厚朴酚)。最优选的二烯丙基双苯酚为(5-3’-二烯丙基)双苯酚。
优选地,组合物包含0.001至10%,优选0.005至8%,更优选0.01至6%,甚至更优选0.05至5%,进一步更优选0.1至4%,还更优选0.5至3%,和仍然更优选1至1.5重量%的双苯酚。
抗微生物季铵化合物:所述组合物包含至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物。
抗微生物季铵化合物的说明性实例包括苄索氯铵(BEC)、苯扎氯铵(BKC)、聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(聚-DADMAC)、二癸基二甲基氯化铵(DDAC)、鲸蜡基氯化吡啶、鲸蜡基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)、和鲸蜡基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)。
优选的抗微生物化合物为BEC、BKC、聚-DADMAC、DDAC、CTAC、CTAB及其混合物中的任一种。更优选的抗微生物化合物为BEC、BKC、聚-DADMAC及其混合物。
优选地,组合物包含按重量计0.0001至5%,更优选0.0005至5%,甚至更优选0.001至5%,进一步优选0.005至5%,还更优选0.01至4%,仍然更优选0.05至3%,甚至进一步优选0.1至2%和甚至更优选1至2%的抗微生物季铵化合物。
优选地,组合物不包含聚(丙烯酰胺-共-二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵)即聚季铵盐-7作为抗微生物季铵化合物。
优选地,组合物不包含椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAPB)作为抗微生物季铵化合物。
优选地,组合物进一步包含可以选自非离子、阴离子、阳离子、两性表面活性剂及其混合物的表面活性剂。更优选地,所选择的表面活性剂是非离子表面活性剂。非离子表面活性剂的优选实例为具有以下的那些:与每摩尔疏水物2至100摩尔的环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷缩合的C9-C20脂肪醇或酸疏水物,与2至20摩尔的环氧烷缩合的C2-C10烷基酚;乙二醇的单和二脂肪酸酯;脂肪酸甘油单酯;脱水山梨糖醇,单和二C8-C20脂肪酸;嵌段共聚物(环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷);和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇,以及其组合。烷基聚糖苷和糖类脂肪酰胺(例如,甲基葡糖酰胺)也是合适的非离子表面活性剂。特别是,优选的非离子表面活性剂为具有至多6摩尔的环氧乙烷的C9-C11脂肪醇。这样的非离子表面活性剂可从Shell以91-5获得。
当引入组合物中时,非离子表面活性剂可以以按组合物的重量计0.1至80%,优选1至50%,更优选3至30%,甚至更优选5至20%,进一步更优选10至15%的量存在。
优选地,组合物进一步包含化妆品可接受的基质。所述化妆品可接受的基质优选为乳霜、洗液、凝胶或乳液的形式。
可以使用不同的化妆品可接受的乳化或非乳化基质制备组合物。一种高度合适的基质是乳霜。雪花膏(vanishing cream)是特别优选的。雪花膏基质通常包含脂肪酸和皂的混合物。雪花膏基质赋予皮肤高度受关注的哑光感(matty feel)。在雪花膏基质中,C12至C20脂肪酸是特别优选的,进一步更优选的是C14至C18脂肪酸。最优选地,脂肪酸为硬脂酸或棕榈酸或其混合物。脂肪酸通常为hystric acid,其基本上为(通常90至95重量%)45%硬脂酸和55%棕榈酸的混合物。因此,包含hystric acid及其皂以制备本发明的组合物是在本发明的范围内。组合物中的脂肪酸按组合物的重量计优选以5至20%,更优选6至19%和甚至更优选7至17%的量存在。雪花膏基质中的皂包括脂肪酸的碱金属盐,如钠盐或钾盐,最优选的是硬脂酸钾。雪花膏基质中的皂通常以组合物的0.1至10重量%,更优选0.1至3重量%的量存在。通常,雪花膏基质局部组合物通过取期望量的总脂肪物质并与期望量的氢氧化钾混合来制备。皂通常在混合过程中原位形成。
特别合适的化妆品可接受的基质是包含油包水乳液的基质,所述油包水乳液包含硅油作为连续相。油包水乳液优选包含交联的硅酮弹性体共混物。
将硅酮弹性体共混物包含在油包水乳液中可以用作制备本发明组合物的化妆品可接受的基质。虽然可以使用硅酮流体,但是特别优选交联的硅酮弹性体。与硅酮流体聚合物相比,弹性体的物理性质通常取决于交联的数量,而不是分子量。硅酮弹性体溶胀的能力使其成为油相的理想增稠剂。当施用于皮肤或毛发时,弹性体具有非常光滑和柔软的感觉。它们还可以用作化妆品组合物中的香味剂、维生素和其他添加剂的递送剂。可商购且适合包含在本发明的组合物中且发现提供增强的稳定性的合适的硅酮弹性体共混物或凝胶是:DowEL-8051IN硅酮有机弹性体共混物[INCI名:新戊酸异癸酯(和)二甲聚硅氧烷/双异丁基PPG-20交联聚合物];EL-8050[INCI名:异十二烷(和)二甲聚硅氧烷/双异丁基PPG 20交联聚合物];DC9040,DC9041,DC9045(二甲聚硅氧烷交联聚合物);DC9506,DC9509(二甲聚硅氧烷乙烯基二甲聚硅氧烷交联聚合物);和Shin-Etsu KSG-15,KSG-16,KSG-17(二甲聚硅氧烷乙烯基二甲聚硅氧烷交联聚合物)。进一步优选的是,组合物包含5至50重量%的硅酮弹性体。
优选地,按组合物的重量计,化妆品可接受的基质以优选10至99.9%,更优选50至99%,甚至更优选60至85%和进一步更优选65至80%存在。
优选地,组合物进一步包含亮肤剂。在组合物中可以使用的亮肤剂的实例包括12-羟基硬脂酸、芦荟提取物、乳酸铵、熊果苷、壬二酸、曲酸、丁基羟基茴香醚、丁基羟基甲苯、柠檬酸酯、3-二苯基丙烷衍生物、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸及其衍生物、鞣花酸、茴香提取物、吡喃葡糖基-1-抗坏血酸、葡萄糖酸、乙醇酸、绿茶提取物、氢醌、4-羟基茴香醚及其衍生物、4-羟基苯甲酸衍生物、羟基辛酸、柠檬提取物、亚油酸、磷酸抗坏血酸酯镁、桑树根提取物、2,4-间苯二酚衍生物、3,5-间苯二酚衍生物、水杨酸、维生素(如维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素C、维生素A)、二羧酸、间苯二酚衍生物、羟基羧酸(如乳酸)及其盐(如乳酸钠)、及其混合物。
优选地,组合物进一步包含一种或多种防晒剂。可以加入可以适合地与基质一起使用的任何防晒剂。可以优选地加入UVA和UVB防晒剂两者。
本发明的组合物可以优选地包含UV-A防晒剂,其是二苯甲酰甲烷或其衍生物。优选的二苯甲酰甲烷衍生物选自4-叔丁基-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷、2-甲基二苯甲酰甲烷、4-甲基-二苯甲酰甲烷、4-异丙基二苯甲酰甲烷、4-叔丁基二苯甲酰甲烷、2,4-二甲基二苯甲酰甲烷、2,5-二甲基二苯甲酰甲烷、4,4'-二异丙基-二苯甲酰甲烷、2-甲基-5-异丙基-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷、2-甲基-5-叔丁基-4'-甲氧基-二苯甲酰甲烷、2,4-二甲基-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷或2,6-二甲基-4-叔丁基-4'-甲氧基-二苯甲酰甲烷。最优选的二苯甲酰甲烷衍生物是4-叔丁基-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷。本发明的组合物优选地包含基于组合物的总重量0.1至10重量%,更优选0.2至5重量%,还更优选0.4至3重量%的二苯甲酰甲烷或其衍生物,并且包括其中包括的所有范围。
组合物也可以优选地包含选自肉桂酸、水杨酸、二苯基丙烯酸及其衍生物的种类的UV-B有机防晒剂。可商购且可用于包含在本发明的组合物中的UV-B防晒剂的说明性非限制性实例是奥替柳酯TM、胡莫柳酯TM、NeoHelipanTM、奥克立林TM、氧苯酮TM或Parsol MCXTM。UV-B防晒剂最优选是2-乙基-己基-4-甲氧基肉桂酸酯,其可作为Parsol MCXTM商购。UV-B有机防晒剂优选地以组合物的0.1至10重量%,更优选0.1至7重量%包含在组合物中。已经观察到有机UV-B防晒剂如2-乙基-己基-4-甲氧基肉桂酸酯的存在导致在紫外线辐射存在下UV-A二苯甲酰甲烷防晒剂进一步快速降解。发现迷迭香酸酯化合物的存在即使在存在UV-B防晒剂时也在使组合物稳定化方面非常有效。
可用的无机防晒霜(sun-block)也优选地用于本发明中。这些包括例如氧化锌、氧化铁、二氧化硅(如热解二氧化硅)和二氧化钛。
组合物可以进一步包含防腐剂以使免于潜在有害微生物的生长。适用于本发明的组合物的传统防腐剂是对羟基苯甲酸的烷基酯。最近已经开始使用的其他防腐剂包括乙内酰脲衍生物、丙酸盐。特别优选的防腐剂是苯氧乙醇、尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金丙酯、咪唑烷基脲、脱氢乙酸钠、苄醇、烷二醇,最优选1,2-辛二醇和苯氧乙醇。应当考虑组合物的用途和防腐剂与其他成分之间可能的不相容性而选择防腐剂。防腐剂优选地以组合物的0.01重量%至2重量%的量使用。
可以将各种其他任选材料配制到组合物中。这些可以包括:抗微生物剂,如2-羟基-4,2',4'-三氯二苯醚(三氯生)、2,6-二甲基-4-羟基氯苯、和3,4,4'-三氯碳酸替苯胺;磨砂和去角质颗粒,如聚乙烯和二氧化硅或氧化铝;清凉剂,如薄荷醇;皮肤舒缓剂,如芦荟;和着色剂。
组合物中可以使用的除水以外的稀释剂可以包括液体或固体润肤剂、溶剂、湿润剂、增稠剂和粉剂。这些类型的载体各自的实例,其可以单独或者作为一种或多种载体的混合物使用,如下:
优选地,组合物包含润肤剂。可以存在的润肤剂的实例包括硬脂醇、单蓖麻油酸甘油酯、貂油、鲸蜡醇、异硬脂酸异丙酯、硬脂酸、棕榈酸异丁酯、硬脂酸异鲸蜡酯、油醇、月桂酸异丙酯、月桂酸己酯、油酸癸酯、十八烷-2-醇、异鲸蜡醇、二十烷醇、山嵛醇、棕榈酸鲸蜡酯、硅油(如二甲基聚硅氧烷)、癸二酸二正丁酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、硬脂酸异丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、聚乙二醇、三甘醇、羊毛脂、可可脂、玉米油、棉籽油、橄榄油、棕榈仁油、菜籽油、红花籽油、月见草油、豆油、葵花籽油、鳄梨油、芝麻籽油、椰子油、花生油、蓖麻油、乙酰化羊毛脂醇、凡士林、矿物油、肉豆蔻酸丁酯、异硬脂酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸异丙酯、乳酸月桂酯、乳酸肉豆蔻酯、油酸癸酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯。
优选地,组合物包含溶剂,如乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、乙二醇单乙醚、二甘醇单丁醚、二甘醇单乙醚及其混合物。
有利地,组合物可以优选地包含成分如杀细菌剂、维生素、抗痤疮活性物质;抗皱、抗皮肤萎缩和皮肤修复活性物质、皮肤屏障修复活性物质、非甾体化妆品舒缓活性物质、人工晒黑剂和加速剂、皮脂刺激剂、皮脂抑制剂、抗氧化剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、紧肤剂、止痒成分、毛发生长抑制剂、5-α还原酶抑制剂、脱皮酶增强剂、抗糖化剂、及其混合物。
组合物可以优选地包含粉末,如例如白垩、滑石、漂白土、高岭土、淀粉、树胶、胶体二氧化硅、聚丙烯酸钠、四烷基和/或三烷基芳基铵蒙脱石、化学改性的硅酸镁铝、有机改性的蒙脱石粘土、水合硅酸铝、热解二氧化硅、羧乙烯基聚合物、羧甲基纤维素钠、单硬脂酸乙二醇酯、及其混合物。
本发明的组合物可以包含宽范围的其他任选组分。CTFA个人护理成分手册(CTFAPersonal Care Ingredient Handbook,第2版,1992),其全部内容通过引入并入本文,描述了在皮肤护理工业中常用的各种各样的非限制性的个人护理和药物成分,其适于在本发明的组合物中使用。实例包括:抗氧化剂、粘合剂、生物添加剂、缓冲剂、着色剂、增稠剂、聚合物、收敛剂、香味剂、湿润剂、遮光剂、调理剂、pH调节剂、天然提取物、皮肤感觉剂、皮肤舒缓剂和皮肤愈合剂。
组合物也可包含以下成分中的一种或多种:例如氯二甲苯酚、吡啶硫酮锌(ZPT)、肌酸和肌酸酐。
组合物优选为洗去型或免洗型组合物的形式,优选免洗型组合物。
洗去型组合物优选是指旨在/需要在施用组合物如例如洗手组合物和洗脸组合物之后,通过用溶剂(优选水)洗涤而从身体除去的组合物。
免洗组合物优选是指不需要在施用组合物如例如护肤霜、润肤液、手消毒剂(handsanitizer)和除臭剂之后从人体除去的组合物。
当组合物为免洗型组合物的形式时,该组合物可以为除臭剂、手消毒剂、洗剂、乳霜和身体喷雾剂的形式。
本发明的组合物可以优选包含常规除臭剂基质作为化妆品可接受的载体。除臭剂是指可以用于个人除臭益处(例如,在腋下区域施用)的在棒状的、滚抹的或推进剂介质中的产品,其可以含有或可以不含有止汗剂活性物质。
除臭剂组合物通常可以是硬固体、软固体、凝胶、霜剂和液体的形式,并且使用适于组合物的物理特性的施用器分配。通过滚抹递送的除臭剂组合物通常包含液体载体。这样的液体载体可以是疏水性的或者包含亲水性和疏水性液体两者的混合物。它们可以是乳液或微乳液的形式。液体载体或载体混合物通常构成组合物的30至95重量%,并且在很多情况下40至80重量%。疏水性液体载体通常可以包含选自以下化学类别中的一种或多种材料:具有不超过25℃的熔点和至少100℃的沸点的硅氧烷、烃、支链脂族醇、酯和醚。可用于本文的组合物中的亲水性载体液体通常包括水和/或一元或多元醇或水可混溶同系物。除此之外,可以加入适用于除臭剂组合物的其他载体和组分。
在第二方面,本发明涉及清洁或消毒表面的方法,其在免洗型组合物的情况下包括将第一方面中描述的组合物施用到表面上的步骤。如果组合物是洗去型组合物的形式,则该方法任选地包括从表面至少部分地除去组合物的另外的步骤。优选地,至少部分除去组合物的步骤在将组合物施用到基底上的步骤之后的不到5分钟内进行。优选地,方法是非治疗性的。
在第三方面,本发明涉及如第一方面所述的组合物用于抗微生物益处的用途。抗微生物益处优选是指在施用组合物之后,表面上的残留微生物显著更少。本发明的组合物提供了改善的抗微生物益处。
在第四方面,本发明涉及组合物用于改善的手部卫生的用途。
现将通过以下非限制性实施例示范本发明。
实施例
材料:
-和厚朴酚(98%纯度,来自World Way Biotech,China),
-厚朴酚(98%纯度,来自World Way Biotech,China),
-3,3’-双苯酚(Sigma;目录号S846708),
-苄索氯铵(BEC;Sigma,目录号B8879),
-苯扎氯铵(BKC;50%溶液;Sigma,目录号63249),
-聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(聚-DADMAC;可以MerquatTM100(40%溶液)获自Lubrizol),
-胰蛋白酶大豆琼脂(TSA;Difco目录号236950);和
-Dey-Engley中和肉汤(D/E;Difco目录号281910),
-金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus ATCC 6538),
-大肠杆菌(E.coli ATCC 10536);和
-人葡萄球菌(S.hominis ATCC 27844)
展示当用根据本发明的组合物处理时的抗微生物益处的体外实验
细菌去除试验:
使用以下方案进行该实验:
根据欧洲悬浮试验EN1276测试下文提供的表1至3中列出的组合物的细菌去除试验。简而言之,在100mL样品容器中,制备期望的测试组合物在硬水中的稀释液。制备含有108个细胞/mL的测试细菌盐水悬浮液。将1mL的上述测试细菌悬浮液加入到1mL的无菌3重量%BSA溶液(模拟高污物条件)或无菌0.3重量%BSA(模拟低污物条件)中,并使其静置2分钟。在2分钟结束时,将混合物转移到含有期望测试组合物的8mL溶液的样品容器中。在期望的接触时间如例如5分钟和15分钟结束时,将该混合物涡旋,并将1mL的该混合物转移到含有9mL的中和肉汤(Dey-Engley(D/E))(对于革兰氏阴性生物)或Butterfield磷酸盐缓冲液(BPB)培养基(对于革兰氏阳性生物)的管中。在D/E或BPB中和剂中进行这个的连续稀释用于进一步枚举。使用TSA培养基进行铺板。在37℃下培养24至48小时之后记录结果。
Log减少计算如下:
Log10减少(LR)=对照的Log10-测试样品的Log10。
Log减少大于5意味着细胞数量减少99.99%,log减少小于0.5意味着没有减少,即没有抗微生物益处。Log减少大于5也表示完全杀死。
表1:
从上述数据明显的是,在本发明范围内的实施例(1至4)提供高得多的log减少值。在某些情形(实施例1和4)中实现99.99%减少。在另一方面,在本发明范围外的实施例(A至E)在低浓度的已知抗微生物活性物如BKC、BEC等等下没有提供很多益处。
持久卫生益处:
进一步地,发现根据本发明的组合物提供了持久卫生(LLH)益处。使用以下方案估计LLH益处:
细菌培养物的制备:
将大肠杆菌ATCC 10536在无菌TSA中继代培养(sub-cultured),并在37℃下生长过夜。调节细胞在620nm下的光密度以得到在盐水悬浮液中为1×108个细胞/mL。
持久卫生益处:
进一步地,发现根据本发明的组合物提供了持久卫生(LLH)益处。使用内部开发的以下方案估计LLH益处:
第1天:表面的处理:
使用涂布器,将10μL的1×108个细胞/mL的大肠杆菌(ATCC10536)铺展在预先清洁的瓦片状物的整个表面上并使该瓦片状物干燥。将1mL如下表4所示的处理物添加到该瓦片状物并铺展。在10分钟的接触时间之后,通过倾斜该瓦片状物除去过量物,并使用刮刀刮去该过量物。使该瓦片状物干燥,并在专用护理擦拭物(Wipertec,England)下贮存过夜。
第2天:润湿和干燥循环:
润湿循环:将无菌蒸馏水喷雾在擦拭物上,并用手轻压将该擦拭物在该瓦片状物上移动。使该瓦片状物干燥。
如同上述进行干燥循环,但是擦拭物没有润湿。
然后用5mL的无菌水冲洗该瓦片状物的整个表面上两次。使该瓦片状物干燥。将其用专用护理擦拭物盖住,并静置过夜。
第3天:瓦片状物的接种:
将10μL的如上制备的细菌悬浮液添加到该瓦片状物,并铺展在该瓦片状物的表面上。使其干燥。如上所述进行一个干燥/润湿循环。
瓦片状物的最终接种:如前所述,将10μL的细菌悬浮液施加到该瓦片状物。在10分钟之后,添加500μL的双倍强度中和剂(D/E肉汤)并铺展在整个表面上。在5分钟之后,将中和剂扫至该瓦片状物的中心并收集到微量滴定板中。
使用D/E中和溶液将样品连续稀释到合适的水平。将来自每种稀释液的100μL铺展到TSA琼脂板上。在37℃下培养该板并在24至48小时后计数菌落。关于表3所示处理之后的平均残留菌落形成单位(CFU)的数据提供如下。由于这是残留log,则log值越低,益处越高。
表3
表3的数据表明使用根据本发明的组合物(实施例5)获得了CFU的几乎4log减少。在实施例5的情况下,残留log显著小于在本发明范围之外的实施例。
基于H2S减少方案估计的来自和厚朴酚和/或厚朴酚的抗微生物益处
使用下述方法,并基于文献(Clarke,P.H.1953,J.gen.Microbiol.8,397-407)中描述的方法,估计来自和厚朴酚和/或厚朴酚的抗微生物益处。一些细菌具有降解含有巯基(-SH)的氨基酸如例如半胱氨酸和胱氨酸,从而产生硫化氢(H2S)的酶促能力。H2S与重金属如铅或铁反应,形成黑色沉淀。
如下进行该实验:
在蒸馏水中制备1%乙酸铅溶液。取Whatmann滤纸并浸在乙酸铅溶液中。排出过量溶液并使其在层流空气流中干燥1小时。一旦干燥,将该纸包裹在铝箔中并高压灭菌供未来使用。之后将180μL的含有0.1%L-半胱氨酸的胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤(TSB)加入到96孔板的孔中。向其添加20μL的人葡萄球菌培养物(106CFU/mL)。向其添加所示浓度的下表5所示处理物。此后,将乙酸铅纸置于孔上并用盖子盖住该板。在37℃下培养该板过夜。
乙酸铅的可见变黑表明存在H2S。变黑越多表明产生的H2S越多,其与更多细菌的存在相关。对于表5中列出的处理获得H2S读数并计算H2S读数的减少%,其与人葡萄球菌的成比例减少相关。
表4
实施例 | 和厚朴酚 | 厚朴酚 | 聚-DADMAC | H<sub>2</sub>S读数 | 减少% |
I* | - | - | - | >10 | <1 |
J | 0.025 | 0.025 | - | 8 | <5 |
K | - | - | 0.005 | >10 | <1 |
L | - | - | 0.01 | >10 | <1 |
M | 0.05 | 10 | <1 | ||
6 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.005 | 2 | <u>80</u> |
7 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.01 | 2 | <u>80</u> |
8 | 0.05 | - | 0.05 | 2 | <u>80</u> |
9 | - | 0.05 | 0.05 | 2 | <u>80</u> |
*仅采用TSB,没有加入活性物。
上表5中的数据显示,当用根据本发明的组合物(实施例6至9)进行处理时,获得了抗微生物益处。所有这些实施例显示H2S减少80%,其意味着人葡萄球菌的数量成比例减少,由此展示了抗微生物益处。
结论是,包含至少一种双苯酚的组合物和至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物,其中该双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚,提供了抗微生物益处。而且,所获得的抗微生物益处是协同性的,并且是使用很少量的已知抗微生物活性物获得的。
Claims (14)
1.一种抗微生物组合物,其包含:
a.至少一种双苯酚;和
b.至少一种抗微生物季铵化合物,
其中所述双苯酚为二烯丙基双苯酚。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述双苯酚选自2,4’-双苯酚、2,2’-双苯酚、3,3’-双苯酚、4,4’-双苯酚及其混合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其中所述二烯丙基双苯酚为(5-3’-二烯丙基)双苯酚或(5-5’-二烯丙基)双苯酚。
4.如权利要求3所述的组合物,其中所选择的双苯酚为和厚朴酚。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述季铵化合物选自苄索氯铵、苯扎氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、鲸蜡基氯化吡啶、鲸蜡基三甲基氯化铵、鲸蜡基三甲基溴化铵和聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其中按所述组合物重量计,季铵化合物的量在0.0001至5%范围内。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的组合物,其进一步包含1至80重量%的表面活性剂。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物为洗去型组合物的形式。
9.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物为免洗型组合物的形式。
10.一种清洁或消毒表面的方法,其包括将如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的组合物施用到表面上的步骤。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述组合物为洗去型组合物的形式,并且其中存在至少部分除去所施用的组合物的附加步骤。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中所述至少部分除去所述组合物的步骤在将所述组合物施用到所述基底上的步骤之后不到5分钟内进行。
13.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的组合物用于抗微生物益处的用途。
14.如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的组合物用于改善的手部卫生的用途。
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