CN111484345A - 一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910001691 hercynite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- -1 magnesium-iron-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical class [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical class [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000002680 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
本发明以轻烧镁粉、三氧化二铁粉和工业氧化铝粉为原料，原料通过细磨、混合、困料、造球、干燥、电熔、破碎等工序，得到水泥窑烧成带用镁铁铝尖晶石。与现有技术相比，本发明方法克服现有技术不足，提供了一种低能耗、低粉尘且产品质量优异的镁铁铝尖晶石砂的制备方法，属于无机化工技术领域。本发明方法以来源广泛、价格低廉且没有污染的轻烧镁粉、三氧化二铁粉和工业氧化铝粉为原料，通过本发明电熔法制备的镁铁铝尖晶石产品致密度高、抗侵蚀性强、挂窑皮性能良好且产品回收率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无机化工技术领域，具体涉及一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法。
背景技术
水泥作为建筑用的三大主材之一，在世界经济发展中承担着重大的作用，其发展相当迅速。随着世界范围内环保意识的加强和发展绿色工业的要求，众多国家已限制或禁止镁铬砖在水泥窑上的使用。一方面是由于镁铬砖与水泥熟料反应，导致其抗水泥熟料侵蚀和挂窑皮性能降低；另一方面是因为镁铬砖应用于水泥窑烧成带，使用过程中会在碱金属及碱土金属氧化物的作用下，生成水溶性的且能毒害人畜并致癌的六价铬盐化合物，通过水泥窑的废气和粉尘排放，尤其是用后残砖在存放过程中受水淋溶出而外渗污染环境。
国内外在寻找镁铬砖的替代材料方面做了大量工作，研制的无铬产品可分为镁铝、镁钙、镁锆和镁铁铝四大系列。鉴于对材料价格、高温性能、抗热震性能、抗侵蚀和挂窑皮性能的考虑，镁铁铝质材料成为最具有发展前景的水泥窑烧成带用耐火材料。但通过现有电熔法或烧结法生产的镁铁铝质材料生产效率低，且产品致密度和挂窑皮性能都有待进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术不足，目的是提供一种低粉尘、低能耗且产品质量优异的镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法，其特征在于，以轻烧镁粉、三氧化二铁粉和工业氧化铝粉为原料，通过细磨、混合、困料、造球、干燥、电熔、破碎，得到镁铁铝尖晶石，其具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，以质量百分比计，将30-40%轻烧镁粉、10-15%三氧化二铁粉和50-60%工业氧化铝粉一同置于振动磨中，细磨至粒度200目以下，得混合粉料；
步骤二，将混合粉料置于搅拌机中，以质量百分比计，向混合粉料中加入混合粉料质量3-5%的水，混合20-30分钟，得湿混物料；
步骤三，将湿混物料于室温在密封困料30-60分钟；
步骤四，启动圆盘造球机，先向圆盘造球机中加入困后物料作为母球料，以雾状形式向母球料中加入困后物料质量3-5%的水制造母球，加料加水同时进行；当球团直径长至70-90mm时，停止打水和加料，即得镁铁铝质生球料；
步骤五，将镁铁铝质生球料于100℃以上温度条件下干燥10小时以上，得干燥的镁铁铝质生球料；
步骤六，将干燥的镁铁铝质生球料置于电熔炉中，于1800℃以上电熔5-10小时，得到镁铁铝尖晶石熔坨；待冷却后破碎去除皮砂，即得镁铁铝尖晶石。
所述步骤一中轻烧镁粉的MgO含量≥92%，三氧化二铁粉的Fe2O3含量≥95%，工业氧化铝粉的Al2O3含量≥95%。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：1）本发明提供的一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的方法以轻烧镁粉、三氧化二铁粉和工业氧化铝粉为原料，原料来源广泛、价格低廉；2）本发明先造球再电熔，使原料的均匀性提高，有利于降低电熔温度且有效避免了电熔过程中的粉尘污染问题；3）且通过本发明电熔法制备的镁铁铝尖晶石致密度提高至3.34g/cm3、抗侵蚀性强、挂窑皮性能良好且产品回收率高达100%。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的制备方法做进一步说明：
以下实施例中轻烧镁粉中MgO含量为92.5%，三氧化二铁粉中Fe2O3含量为96.2%，工业氧化铝粉中Al2O3含量为98.5%。
实施例1：
将30kg轻烧镁粉、15kg三氧化二铁粉和55kg工业氧化铝粉一同置于振动磨中，细磨至粒度200目以下，得混合粉料；将混合粉料置于搅拌机中，向混合粉料中加入4kg水，混合30分钟，得湿混物料；将湿混物料于室温在密封困料60分钟；启动圆盘造球机，先向圆盘造球机中加入困后物料作为母球料，以雾状形式向母球料中加入4kg水制造母球，加料加水同时进行；当球团直径长至80mm时，停止打水和加料，即得镁铁铝质生球料；将镁铁铝质生球料于110℃下干燥12小时，得干燥的镁铁铝质生球料；将干燥的镁铁铝质生球料置于电熔炉中，于1850℃电熔8小时，得到镁铁铝尖晶石熔坨；待冷却后破碎去除皮砂，即得镁铁铝尖晶石。
实施例2：
将35kg轻烧镁粉、15kg三氧化二铁粉和50kg工业氧化铝粉一同置于振动磨中，细磨至粒度200目以下，得混合粉料；将混合粉料置于搅拌机中，向混合粉料中加入4kg水，混合30分钟，得湿混物料；将湿混物料于室温在密封困料60分钟；启动圆盘造球机，先向圆盘造球机中加入困后物料作为母球料，以雾状形式向母球料中加入4kg水制造母球，加料加水同时进行；当球团直径长至80mm时，停止打水和加料，即得镁铁铝质生球料；将镁铁铝质生球料于110℃下干燥12小时，得干燥的镁铁铝质生球料；将干燥的镁铁铝质生球料置于电熔炉中，于1900℃电熔8小时，得到镁铁铝尖晶石熔坨；待冷却后破碎去除皮砂，即得镁铁铝尖晶石。
实施例3：
将30kg轻烧镁粉、10kg三氧化二铁粉和60kg工业氧化铝粉一同置于振动磨中，细磨至粒度200目以下，得混合粉料；将混合粉料置于搅拌机中，向混合粉料中加入4kg水，混合30分钟，得湿混物料；将湿混物料于室温在密封困料60分钟；启动圆盘造球机，先向圆盘造球机中加入困后物料作为母球料，以雾状形式向母球料中加入4kg水制造母球，加料加水同时进行；当球团直径长至80mm时，停止打水和加料，即得镁铁铝质生球料；将镁铁铝质生球料于110℃下干燥12小时，得干燥的镁铁铝质生球料；将干燥的镁铁铝质生球料置于电熔炉中，于1950℃电熔8小时，得到镁铁铝尖晶石熔坨；待冷却后破碎去除皮砂，即得镁铁铝尖晶石。
Claims (2)
1.一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的制备方法，其特征在于，以轻烧镁粉、三氧化二铁粉和工业氧化铝粉为原料，通过细磨、混合、困料、造球、干燥、电熔、破碎，得到水泥窑烧成带用镁铁铝尖晶石，其具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，以质量百分比计，将30-40%轻烧镁粉、10-15%三氧化二铁粉和50-60%工业氧化铝粉一同置于振动磨中，细磨至粒度200目以下，得混合粉料；
步骤二，将混合粉料置于搅拌机中，以质量百分比计，向混合粉料中加入混合粉料质量3-5%的水，混合20-30分钟，得湿混物料；
步骤三，将湿混物料于室温下密封困料30-60分钟；
步骤四，启动圆盘造球机，先向圆盘造球机中加入困后物料作为母球料，以雾状形式向母球料中加入困后物料质量3-5%的水制造母球，加料加水同时进行；当球团直径长至70-90mm时，停止打水和加料，即得镁铁铝质生球料；
步骤五，将镁铁铝质生球料于100℃以上温度条件下干燥12小时以上，得干燥的镁铁铝质生球料；
步骤六，将干燥的镁铁铝质生球料置于电熔炉中，于1800℃以上电熔5-10小时，得到镁铁铝尖晶石熔坨；待冷却后破碎去除皮砂，即得镁铁铝尖晶石。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种电熔镁铁铝尖晶石的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中轻烧镁粉的MgO含量≥92%，三氧化二铁粉的Fe2O3含量≥95%，工业氧化铝粉的Al2O3含量≥95%。
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