CN111477908A - Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN111477908A CN111477908A CN202010457489.0A CN202010457489A CN111477908A CN 111477908 A CN111477908 A CN 111477908A CN 202010457489 A CN202010457489 A CN 202010457489A CN 111477908 A CN111477908 A CN 111477908A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gas-permeable bipolar plate suitable for a fuel cell stack and the fuel cell stack, comprising: an anode plate, a cathode plate and a gas-water barrier plate; the gas-water baffle plate is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate; a plurality of outward-protruding ridges are arranged on one side of the negative plate, a plurality of openings are formed in the ridges, a flow channel is formed between every two adjacent ridges, and the positions, corresponding to the ridges, on the other side of the negative plate are recessed inwards to form a space below the ridges; the air-water separation plate is positioned at the side of the space below the ridge of the cathode plate and used for separating cathode reaction gas on the cathode plate from entering between the anode plate and the air-water separation plate. The gas-permeable bipolar plate provided by the invention can effectively improve the oxygen concentration at the ridge part of the corresponding flow channel of the cathode of the membrane electrode, thereby enhancing the mass transfer of cathode gas, improving the average current density of a fuel cell and improving the power generation performance of the fuel cell compared with the traditional bipolar plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a breathable bipolar plate and a fuel cell stack, and particularly relates to a breathable bipolar plate and a fuel cell stack which are suitable for the fuel cell stack.
Background
A fuel cell is a power generation device that can directly convert chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy. Because the voltage of a single cell of a hydrogen fuel cell is very low, in order to meet certain power and voltage requirements, a plurality of cells are often required to be connected in series to form a fuel cell stack in practical application. The fuel cell stack structure comprises an end plate, a collector plate, a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode, a sealing element and the like. The performance of each single cell affects the overall performance of the entire stack.
Patent document CN107946605A discloses a bipolar plate flow channel manufacturing process and a bipolar plate flow channel, wherein the bipolar plate is a structure formed by combining two polar plates, in a fuel cell stack, a membrane electrode is sandwiched between the two polar plates to form a single cell, and a plurality of single cells are connected in series to form the stack. The bipolar plate has the following functions: the first is to connect the cells in series, the second is to isolate the gas in the adjacent cells, the third is to be used as the structural support of the galvanic pile, the fourth is to transfer heat, and the fifth is to provide a runner with a certain structure to ensure the performance. At present, the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell is formed by welding an anode plate and a cathode plate, and in the fuel cell, the main functions of a polar plate flow channel are firstly electric conduction and heat conduction and secondly reaction gas conveying and water discharge. The ridges of the flow channel are contacted with the carbon paper of the membrane electrode to play a role in conducting electrons; the grooves of the flow channels convey the reaction gas, and the reaction gas diffuses from the grooves of the flow channels to the carbon paper. In order to ensure the performance of the cell, the contact surface between the ridges of the flow channels of the polar plates and the carbon paper needs to ensure a certain contact area and contact pressure, otherwise, the gas in the flow channels cannot diffuse to the part of the flow channels pressed on the membrane electrode, so that the current density distribution of the fuel cell is uneven, and the performance of the cell is affected. In the current fuel cell stack, because of the existing bipolar plate flow channel structure, the oxygen partial pressure in the membrane electrode area is low, and the gas diffusion is not uniform, thereby affecting the performance of the cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gas-permeable bipolar plate suitable for a fuel cell stack and the fuel cell stack.
According to the present invention there is provided a gas permeable bipolar plate suitable for use in a fuel cell stack, comprising: an anode plate 11, a cathode plate 12, and a gas-water separation plate 13;
the gas-water baffle plate 13 is arranged between the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12;
a plurality of outward convex ridges are arranged on one side of the cathode plate 12, a plurality of openings are arranged on the ridges, a flow channel 14 is formed between every two adjacent ridges, and the positions, corresponding to the ridges, on the other side of the cathode plate 12 are inwards concave to form a space 15 below the ridges;
the gas-water separation plate 13 is located at the side of the space 15 under the ridge of the cathode plate 12, and separates the cathode reaction gas on the cathode plate 12 from entering between the anode plate 11 and the gas-water separation plate 13.
Preferably, the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12 each comprise, in correspondence of position: a flow splitting area 8, a flow field area 9, an anode manifold port 2, a cathode manifold port 3, an anode branched port 5 and a cathode branched port 6;
the size of the gas-water baffle plate 13 is more than or equal to that of the flow field region 9, and the gas-water baffle plate covers the flow field regions 9 of the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12;
the anode reaction gas sequentially passes through the anode manifold port 2, the anode branch port 5 and the flow dividing region 8 and then enters the flow field region 9 of the anode plate 11;
the cathode reaction gas sequentially passes through the cathode manifold port 3, the cathode branch port 6 and the flow splitting region 8 and then enters the flow channel 14 and the space 15 below the ridge of the flow field region 9 of the cathode plate 12.
Preferably, the cathode plate 12 and the anode plate 11 each comprise, in correspondence of position: water manifold port 4 and water-splitting port 7;
the cooling medium passes through the water manifold opening 4, the water manifold opening 7 and the flow splitting area 8 in sequence and then enters a cooling medium flow passage between the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12.
Preferably, one side of the flow field region 9 of the anode plate 11 is provided with a plurality of second ridges protruding outwards, and an anode gas channel is formed between every two adjacent second ridges.
Preferably, the anode plate 11, the cathode plate 12 and the gas-water barrier plate 13 are fixedly connected together.
Preferably, the ridges are obtained by stamping.
Preferably, the openings in the ridges are formed by stamping.
Preferably, the openings in the ridges comprise circular, oval, polygonal, irregular or kidney shaped holes.
According to the present invention, a fuel cell stack is provided that includes a gas permeable bipolar plate suitable for use in a fuel cell stack.
Preferably, the anode plate 11 is in contact with the anode of the membrane electrode, and the cathode plate 12 is in contact with the cathode of the membrane electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the breathable bipolar plate with the three-layer structure effectively solves the problem that the fuel cell performance is low due to low oxygen concentration caused by the fact that the flow channel ridge shields the membrane electrode area corresponding to the ridge of the cathode flow channel in the conventional bipolar plate at present. Meanwhile, the gas-water baffle plate prevents the cathode reaction gas from entering the cooling water cavity. The efficiency of oxygen in the cathode gas diffusing to the membrane electrode is improved, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
2. The ridges of the cathode plate increase the contact area with the membrane electrode, thereby reducing the contact resistance of the fuel cell and improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
3. The openings in the ridges of the cathode plate allow better diffusion of the cathode gas into the membrane electrode through the small holes.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a gas permeable bipolar plate of the present invention;
figure 2 is an exploded view of a gas permeable bipolar plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of the open pores of a gas-permeable bipolar plate of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of openings in a gas-permeable bipolar plate according to variation 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structure view of the opening of a gas-permeable bipolar plate according to variation 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a gas permeable bipolar plate suitable for a fuel cell stack, comprising: the device comprises an anode manifold port 2, a cathode manifold port 3, a water manifold port 4, an anode branched port 5, a cathode branched port 6, a water branched port 7, a flow splitting area 8, a flow field area 9 and a sealing area 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas-permeable bipolar plate of the present invention is mainly divided into 3 parts, namely an anode plate 11, a cathode plate 12 and a gas-water separation plate 13. The anode plate of the invention is the same as the conventional anode plate, and comprises the structure of an anode manifold port 2, a cathode manifold port 3, a water manifold port 4, an anode branched pipe port 5, a cathode branched pipe port 6, a water branched pipe port 7, a flow splitting area 8, a flow field area 9 and a sealing area 10. The processing mode of the anode plate is punch forming. The cathode plate 12 structure of the invention comprises an anode manifold port 2, a cathode manifold port 3, a water manifold port 4, an anode branched pipe port 5, a cathode branched pipe port 6, a water branched pipe port 7, a branched area 8 and a sealing area 10. The other structures of the cathode plate 12 except the flow field area 9 are the same as those of the existing cathode plate structure, the flow field area 9 of the cathode plate 12 is different from that of the existing cathode plate, the flow field area of the cathode plate is subjected to hole opening treatment, and the hole opening area comprises the contact surface of the flow ridge and the gas diffusion layer and the side surface of the flow ridge. The processing mode of the cathode plate 12 can be that a hole-shaped structure is formed on a flat plate, and then a groove ridge structure is formed in a rolling, stamping, bending and other modes; or the groove-ridge structure can be formed by rolling, stamping, bending and the like, and then the hole-shaped structure is formed on the formed runner plate. The processing material of the cathode plate 12 includes, but is not limited to, stainless steel, pure titanium, titanium alloys, and the like. The proportion of the ridges of the cathode plate 12 can be adjusted as required.
The size of the gas-water baffle 13 can be the same as that of the flow field area 9, and can also be larger than that of the flow field area 9. The gas-water separation plate 13 can be a planar structure or a non-planar structure, and is mainly used for combining the gas-water separation plate 13 with the cathode plate and separating gas below a flow passage ridge of the cathode plate 12 from cooling water in the cooling water cavity. The air water barrier 13 may be processed by, but not limited to, stamping. The gas-water barrier plate 13 is combined with the cathode plate 12 by means including but not limited to welding, gluing, etc. After the gas-water separation plate 13 is combined with the cathode plate 12, good sealing needs to be ensured, and the cathode reaction gas cannot leak to the cooling water cavity between the anode plate 11 and the gas-water separation plate 13. The anode plate 11, the cathode plate 12 and the gas-water barrier plate 13 are combined into a gas-permeable bipolar plate by a combination method including, but not limited to, welding, gluing and the like.
In the using process of the invention, the fuel cell stack is formed by stacking the fuel cell membrane electrode and the ventilating bipolar plate consisting of the anode plate 11, the cathode plate 12 and the gas-water separation plate 13. The anode plate 11 is in contact with the anode of the membrane electrode, and the cathode plate 12 is in contact with the cathode of the membrane electrode. The anode reaction gas sequentially passes through the anode manifold port 2, the anode branch port 5 and the branch region 8 and then enters the flow field region 9 to participate in the reaction. The cathode reaction gas sequentially passes through the cathode manifold port 3, the cathode branch port 6 and the flow splitting region 8 and then reaches the flow field region 9 of the cathode plate 12, as shown in fig. 3, the cathode reaction gas flow simultaneously enters the flow channel groove 14 of the cathode flow field region 9 and the space 15 under the ridge and formed by the gas-water baffle plate 13 when passing through the flow field region 9. The gas in the runner channel 14 directly diffuses into the membrane electrode to participate in reaction, and the cathode gas in the space 15 under the ridge can diffuse into the membrane electrode to participate in reaction through the porous structure on the cathode plate 12.
The invention provides a ventilating bipolar plate suitable for a fuel cell stack, which is suitable for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
Modification example 1
As shown in fig. 4, in example 1, the shape of the opening may be changed to a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a quadrangle. The shape of the opening is not limited, and the shape and the size of the opening are beneficial to enabling the cathode gas to diffuse into the membrane electrode to participate in the reaction.
As shown in fig. 5, the shape of the opening can be changed to a waist shape or other various irregular shapes based on embodiment 1. The shape of the opening is not limited, and the shape and the size of the opening are beneficial to enabling the cathode gas to diffuse into the membrane electrode to participate in the reaction.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A gas permeable bipolar plate suitable for use in a fuel cell stack, comprising: an anode plate (11), a cathode plate (12) and a gas-water barrier plate (13);
the gas-water baffle plate (13) is arranged between the anode plate (11) and the cathode plate (12);
a plurality of outward convex ridges are arranged on one side of the cathode plate (12), a plurality of openings are formed in the ridges, a flow channel (14) is formed between every two adjacent ridges, and the other side of the cathode plate (12) is inwards concave at the position corresponding to the ridges to form a space (15) below the ridges;
the gas-water separation plate (13) is positioned at the side of the space (15) below the ridge of the cathode plate (12) and used for separating cathode reaction gas on the cathode plate (12) from entering between the anode plate (11) and the gas-water separation plate (13).
2. Gas-permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein said anode plate (11) and cathode plate (12) each comprise, in correspondence of position: the device comprises a flow splitting area (8), a flow field area (9), an anode manifold port (2), a cathode manifold port (3), an anode manifold port (5) and a cathode manifold port (6);
the size of the gas-water baffle plate (13) is more than or equal to that of the flow field area (9), and the gas-water baffle plate covers the flow field areas (9) of the anode plate (11) and the cathode plate (12);
the anode reaction gas sequentially passes through the anode manifold port (2), the anode manifold port (5) and the flow splitting region (8) and then enters the flow field region (9) of the anode plate (11);
the cathode reaction gas sequentially passes through the cathode manifold port (3), the cathode branch port (6) and the flow dividing region (8) and then enters a flow channel (14) and a space (15) below the ridge of a flow field region (9) of the cathode plate (12).
3. Gas-permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack according to claim 2, wherein the cathode plate (12) and the anode plate (11) each comprise, in correspondence of position: a water manifold nozzle (4) and a water content nozzle (7);
the cooling medium passes through the water manifold opening (4), the water pipe opening (7) and the flow splitting area (8) in sequence and then enters a cooling medium flow channel between the anode plate (11) and the cathode plate (12).
4. The gas-permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 2, wherein the anode plate (11) is provided with a plurality of second ridges protruding outward on the flow field region (9) side, and an anode gas flow channel is formed between every two adjacent second ridges.
5. Gas-permeable bipolar plate suitable for a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate (11), the cathode plate (12) and the gas-water barrier plate (13) are fixedly connected together.
6. The gas permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ridge is formed by press molding.
7. The gas permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening in the ridge is formed by press molding.
8. The gas permeable bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the openings on the ridges comprise circular, oval, polygonal, irregular or kidney-shaped holes.
9. A fuel cell stack comprising a gas permeable bipolar plate suitable for use in a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The fuel cell stack according to claim 9, wherein the anode plate (11) is in contact with an anode of a membrane electrode, and the cathode plate (12) is in contact with a cathode of a membrane electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010457489.0A CN111477908A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010457489.0A CN111477908A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
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| CN111477908A true CN111477908A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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| CN202010457489.0A Pending CN111477908A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Air-permeable bipolar plate suitable for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112366334A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-12 | 广州合之源氢能科技有限公司 | Bipolar plate structure of fuel cell |
| CN113270608A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-17 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution |
| CN113629266A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-09 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | High-permeability composite metal fuel cell bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114883592A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-08-09 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Plate assembly of fuel cell, and cathode plate and anode plate |
| CN116505012A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-07-28 | 贵州大学 | Liquid cooling type proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61216257A (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Separator for fuel cell |
| CN107611457A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-19 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell and its minus plate |
| CN111193045A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-22 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
-
2020
- 2020-05-26 CN CN202010457489.0A patent/CN111477908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61216257A (en) * | 1985-03-22 | 1986-09-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Separator for fuel cell |
| CN107611457A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-19 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell and its minus plate |
| CN111193045A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-22 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112366334A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-12 | 广州合之源氢能科技有限公司 | Bipolar plate structure of fuel cell |
| CN113270608A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-17 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution |
| CN113270608B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-07-15 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution |
| CN113629266A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-09 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | High-permeability composite metal fuel cell bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114883592A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-08-09 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Plate assembly of fuel cell, and cathode plate and anode plate |
| CN114883592B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-01-24 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Plate assembly of fuel cell, and cathode plate and anode plate |
| CN116505012A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-07-28 | 贵州大学 | Liquid cooling type proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN116505012B (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-09-29 | 贵州大学 | Liquid cooling type proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |