CN113270608B - Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution - Google Patents
Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN113270608B CN113270608B CN202110628699.6A CN202110628699A CN113270608B CN 113270608 B CN113270608 B CN 113270608B CN 202110628699 A CN202110628699 A CN 202110628699A CN 113270608 B CN113270608 B CN 113270608B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
- H01M8/1006—Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell's technique and specifically relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate who is favorable to fluid distribution is related to, it includes base plate, negative plate, anode plate and proton exchange membrane, many anode channels and cathode channel have been seted up respectively to the both sides that the base plate deviates from each other, anode channel is unanimous with the trend of cathode channel, adjacent anode channel, cathode channel interval distribution, the anode plate is fixed to be inlayed and is located the cathode channel, the negative plate is fixed to be inlayed and is located the cathode channel, the base plate still has been seted up and has been moved towards the proton exchange hole unanimous with the anode channel, proton exchange membrane is fixed to be inlayed and is located in the proton exchange hole, this application has the flow field of optimizing metal bipolar plate, reduce the risk of local lack of gas, make the fuel cell stack keep normal operating's effect.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly to a metal bipolar plate for a pem fuel cell that facilitates fluid distribution.
Background
A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, and is also called an electrochemical generator. It is the fourth power generation technology following hydroelectric power generation, thermal power generation and atomic power generation. The fuel cell converts the Gibbs free energy in the chemical energy of the fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and is not limited by Carnot cycle effect, so the efficiency is high; in addition, the fuel cell uses fuel and oxygen as raw materials, and has no mechanical transmission part, so that the fuel cell has no noise pollution and discharges extremely little harmful gas. From the viewpoint of energy saving and ecological environment protection, fuel cells are the most promising power generation technology.
The fuel cell mainly comprises the following components: electrodes, electrolyte separators, and current collectors. The current collector, also called bipolar plate, has the functions of collecting current, separating oxidant and reductant, and dredging reaction gas, and its performance depends mainly on its material characteristics, flow field design and its processing technology.
With respect to the related art among the above, the inventors consider that the following drawbacks exist: the flow field of the metal bipolar plate often has design defects, so that local air shortage is caused, the electrochemical reaction is nonuniform due to the local air shortage, and the fuel cell stack is damaged due to local overheating and even burning through of the proton exchange membrane.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to optimize the flow field of the metal bipolar plate, reduce the risk of local gas shortage and keep the fuel cell stack in normal operation, the application provides the metal bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is beneficial to fluid distribution.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate beneficial to fluid distribution adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a do benefit to proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate of fluid distribution, includes base plate, negative plate, anode plate and proton exchange membrane, many anode channels and cathode slot have been seted up respectively to the both sides that the base plate deviates from each other, and the trend of anode channel and cathode slot is unanimous, and adjacent anode channel, cathode slot interval distribution, anode plate are fixed to be inlayed and are located the cathode slot, and the cathode plate is fixed to be inlayed and is located the cathode slot, and the base plate has still seted up the proton exchange hole unanimously with the anode slot trend, and proton exchange membrane is fixed to be inlayed and is located in the proton exchange hole.
By adopting the technical scheme, hydrogen molecules generate electrochemical reaction near the cathode plate to lose electrons and become hydrogen ions, and the electrons flow through the cathode plate to generate electric energy; the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to generate electrochemical reaction with oxygen near the anode plate to generate water. Compared with the traditional metal bipolar plate structure consisting of an anode plate, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode plate, the unique bipolar plate structure can optimize the flow field of the metal bipolar plate, reduce the risk of local gas shortage of the metal bipolar plate and keep the fuel cell stack running normally.
Optionally, the anode slot and the cathode slot are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anode plate and the cathode plate are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner, the flow of the fuel gas supplied by the anode plate and the cathode plate can be increased, the effective working area of the bipolar plate is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.
Optionally, the anode slots and the cathode slots are distributed in a staggered manner from one side of the substrate to the other side of the substrate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anode grooves and the cathode grooves are distributed in a staggered manner from one side to the other side of the substrate, so that the flow field distribution of the metal bipolar plate can be improved, the structure of the metal bipolar plate is optimized, the volume of the proton exchange membrane is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.
Optionally, a reinforcing plate is fixedly arranged in the proton exchange hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the reinforcing plate can strengthen the structural strength of base plate, makes metallic bipolar plate's structural performance more firm, and the wholeness is better.
Optionally, the reinforcing plate has a plurality of pieces, and all the reinforcing plates in each proton exchange hole are distributed at intervals.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the structural strength of base plate can further be strengthened to the multi-disc reinforcing plate, further improves the structural stability of base plate, and then improves the structural performance of whole fuel cell stack, makes it operate safely and stably more.
Optionally, the anode plate includes a plurality of rows of interconnected fine mesh bars, each row of fine mesh bars includes a plurality of fine mesh lites, and each fine mesh lites are connected end to form each row of fine mesh bars.
By adopting the technical scheme, the anode plate formed by the multiple rows of interconnected fine mesh bars is beneficial to improving the power generation performance of the fuel cell, air can enter the surface of the proton exchange membrane through the three-dimensional anode plate, the possibility that water generated by electrochemical reaction is accumulated on the surface of the proton exchange membrane is reduced, the water is diffused efficiently, and the high-performance operation of the fuel cell is kept.
Optionally, the fine meshes of the fine mesh strips in two adjacent rows are staggered with each other.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fine grids of the fine mesh strips in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, so that two layers of ventilation channels can be formed, and the air flow entering the proton exchange membrane is increased.
Optionally, the surface of the cathode plate is coated with a highly conductive composite coating.
By adopting the technical scheme, the high-conductivity composite coating can reduce the contact resistance of the cathode plate, improve the conductivity of the cathode plate and further improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
Optionally, the four corners of the substrate are all provided with inner positioning holes.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be favorable to fixing a position installation metal bipolar plate with the help of interior location hole.
Optionally, the two side faces of each corner of the substrate are provided with inspection jacks.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up and patrol and examine the jack after, the contact pin of the battery system of patrolling and examining of being convenient for inserts and patrols and examines the jack and detect the fuel cell finished product in.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the cathode plates and the anode plates are respectively embedded in the substrate in a staggered manner, so that a unique metal bipolar plate flow field can be formed, the flow field of the metal bipolar plate is optimized, the risk of local gas shortage of the metal bipolar plate is reduced, and the fuel cell stack is kept in normal operation;
2. the anode plate is manufactured by adopting a plurality of rows of fine mesh strips which are connected with each other, so that the power generation performance of the fuel cell is improved, air can enter the surface of the proton exchange membrane through the three-dimensional anode plate, the possibility that water generated by electrochemical reaction is accumulated on the surface of the proton exchange membrane is reduced, the water is diffused efficiently, and the high-performance operation of the fuel cell is kept;
3. two layers of ventilation channels can be formed by mutually and alternately arranging the fine grids of the fine mesh strips in two adjacent rows, so that the air flow entering the proton exchange membrane is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a metal bipolar plate of a PEM fuel cell for fluid distribution according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view embodying a cathode plate;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view embodying a highly conductive composite coating.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a substrate; 11. an anode tank; 12. a cathode channel; 13. a proton exchange pore; 14. a reinforcing plate; 15. inner positioning holes; 16. routing inspection jacks; 2. a cathode plate; 21. a highly conductive composite coating; 3. an anode plate; 31. fine mesh strips; 311. a fine-meshed riter; 4. a proton exchange membrane.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a proton exchange membrane 4 fuel cell metal bipolar plate beneficial to fluid distribution, and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the proton exchange membrane 4 fuel cell metal bipolar plate beneficial to fluid distribution comprises a substrate 1, a cathode plate 2, an anode plate 3 and a proton exchange membrane 4. Many anode slots 11 and negative pole groove 12 have been seted up respectively to the both sides that base plate 1 deviates from each other, and adjacent anode slot 11, negative pole groove 12 equidistance interval distribution, anode slot 11 are unanimous with negative pole groove 12's trend, and anode slot 11, the reciprocal extension of buckling of negative pole groove 12, from a lateral opposite side of base plate 1, anode slot 11 and negative pole groove 12 crisscross distribution each other. The anode plate 3 is embedded in the cathode slot 12 and fixedly connected with the substrate 1, and the cathode plate 2 is embedded in the cathode slot 12 and fixedly connected with the substrate 1. The base plate 1 is provided with a proton exchange hole 13 with the same trend as the anode slot 11 and the cathode slot 12, and the proton exchange membrane 4 is fixedly embedded in the proton exchange hole 13.
Hydrogen molecules generate electrochemical reaction near the cathode plate 2 to lose electrons to become hydrogen ions, and the electrons flow through the cathode plate 2 to generate electric energy; the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane 4 to generate electrochemical reaction with oxygen near the anode plate 3 to generate water. The anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 2 are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner, so that the flow of the fuel gas supplied by the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 2 can be increased, the effective working area of the bipolar plate is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved. Compared with the traditional metal bipolar plate structure consisting of the anode plate 3, the proton exchange membrane 4 and the cathode plate 2, the unique bipolar plate structure can optimize the flow field of the metal bipolar plate, reduce the risk of local gas shortage of the metal bipolar plate and keep the fuel cell stack to normally operate.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the anode plate 3 includes a plurality of rows of fine mesh bars 31 fixedly connected to each other, each row of fine mesh bars 31 includes a plurality of fine mesh lites 311, each fine mesh lites 311 are fixedly connected end to form a single row of fine mesh bars 31, and the fine mesh lites 311 of two adjacent rows of fine mesh bars 31 are arranged in a staggered manner. The anode plate 3 formed by the multiple rows of fine mesh strips 31 connected with each other is beneficial to improving the power generation performance of the fuel cell, air can enter the surface of the proton exchange membrane 4 through the three-dimensional anode plate 3, the possibility that water generated by electrochemical reaction is accumulated on the surface of the proton exchange membrane 4 is reduced, the water is diffused efficiently, and the high-performance operation of the fuel cell is kept. The fine mesh rities 311 of the two adjacent rows of fine mesh bars 31 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that two layers of ventilation channels can be formed, and the air flow entering the proton exchange membrane 4 is increased.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of reinforcing plates 14 are fixedly connected in the proton exchange holes 13, and all the reinforcing plates 14 in each proton exchange hole 13 are equidistantly distributed. The reinforcing plate 14 can reinforce the structural strength of the base plate 1, so that the structural performance of the metal bipolar plate is more stable and the integrity is better, and further the structural performance of the whole fuel cell stack is improved, and the fuel cell stack can run more safely and stably.
Referring to fig. 1, the four corners of the substrate 1 are provided with inner positioning holes 15, and the inner positioning holes 15 are beneficial to accurately positioning and mounting the metal bipolar plate. Base plate 1 has all been seted up at the both sides face at every turning of its self and has been patrolled and examined jack 16, sets up and patrols and examines jack 16 back, and the contact pin of the battery system of patrolling and examining of being convenient for inserts and patrols and examines the interior fuel cell finished product that detects of jack 16.
Referring to fig. 4, the surface of the cathode plate 2 is coated with a multi-element highly conductive composite coating 21 containing titanium, chromium, nitrogen and carbon, and the highly conductive composite coating 21 can reduce the contact resistance of the cathode plate 2, improve the conductivity of the cathode plate 2, and further improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
The implementation principle of the proton exchange membrane 4 fuel cell metal bipolar plate beneficial to fluid distribution in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the metal bipolar plate is accurately positioned and installed by the inner positioning hole 15; when the finished fuel cell product is detected, the pins of the cell inspection system are inserted into the inspection jacks 16 for inspection.
Hydrogen molecules generate electrochemical reaction near the cathode plate 2 to lose electrons and become hydrogen ions, and the electrons flow through the cathode plate 2 to generate electric energy; the hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane 4 to generate electrochemical reaction with oxygen near the anode plate 3 to generate water. Air enters the surface of the proton exchange membrane 4 through the three-dimensional anode plate 3 with two layers of ventilation channels, so that the possibility that water generated by electrochemical reaction is accumulated on the surface of the proton exchange membrane 4 is reduced, the water is diffused efficiently, and the high-performance operation of the fuel cell is kept.
The anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 2 are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner, so that the flow of the fuel gas supplied by the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 2 can be increased, the effective working area of the bipolar plate is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved. Compared with the traditional metal bipolar plate structure consisting of the anode plate 3, the proton exchange membrane 4 and the cathode plate 2, the unique bipolar plate structure can optimize the flow field of the metal bipolar plate, reduce the risk of local gas shortage of the metal bipolar plate and keep the fuel cell stack to normally operate.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate for facilitating fluid distribution, comprising: the proton exchange membrane comprises a substrate (1), a cathode plate (2), an anode plate (3) and a proton exchange membrane (4), wherein a plurality of anode tanks (11) and cathode tanks (12) are respectively arranged on two sides of the substrate (1) which are far away from each other, the trends of the anode tanks (11) and the cathode tanks (12) are consistent, the adjacent anode tanks (11) and cathode tanks (12) are distributed at intervals, the anode plate (3) is fixedly embedded in the cathode tanks (12), the cathode plate (2) is fixedly embedded in the cathode tanks (12), the substrate (1) is also provided with proton exchange holes (13) consistent with the trends of the anode tanks (11), and the proton exchange membrane (4) is fixedly embedded in the proton exchange holes (13); from one side to the other side of the substrate (1), the anode grooves (11) and the cathode grooves (12) are distributed in a staggered manner; the anode plate (3) comprises a plurality of rows of fine mesh strips (31) which are connected with each other, each row of fine mesh strips (31) comprises a plurality of fine mesh Litter bodies (311), and each fine mesh Litter body (311) is connected end to form each row of fine mesh strips (31); the fine meshes (311) of the fine mesh strips (31) in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered mode.
2. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 1 wherein: the anode tank (11) and the cathode tank (12) are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner, and the anode plate (3) and the cathode plate (2) are bent and extended in a reciprocating manner.
3. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 2 wherein: and a reinforcing plate (14) is fixedly arranged in the proton exchange hole (13).
4. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 3 wherein: the reinforcing plates (14) are provided with a plurality of pieces, and all the reinforcing plates (14) in each proton exchange hole (13) are distributed at intervals.
5. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 1 wherein: the surface of the cathode plate (2) is coated with a highly conductive composite coating (21).
6. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 1 wherein: the four corners of the base plate (1) are provided with inner positioning holes (15).
7. The pem fuel cell metallic bipolar plate for fluid distribution of claim 1 wherein: the two side faces of each corner of the base plate (1) are provided with routing inspection jacks (16).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110628699.6A CN113270608B (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution |
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| CN202110628699.6A CN113270608B (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell beneficial to fluid distribution |
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| CN113270608B true CN113270608B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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