CN111456040B - Ditch cutting slope protection structure and construction method - Google Patents
Ditch cutting slope protection structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111456040B CN111456040B CN202010251810.XA CN202010251810A CN111456040B CN 111456040 B CN111456040 B CN 111456040B CN 202010251810 A CN202010251810 A CN 202010251810A CN 111456040 B CN111456040 B CN 111456040B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geological landform restoration, and discloses a ditch cutting and slope protecting structure and a construction method. This grooving slope protection structure includes: box protection unit and vegetation, a plurality of box protection units follow supreme at least stacking down and become first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure, and first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure set up along the ditching extending direction, are equipped with hierarchical mesa between first step-type slope protection structure and the second step-type slope protection structure, plant the vegetation at the horizontal surface of first step-type slope protection structure, second step-type slope protection structure and hierarchical mesa. The slope protection structure finished by the construction method of the slope protection structure realizes the organic combination of engineering slope protection measures and plant slope protection measures, can be suitable for large and medium-sized trenching groove slopes, realizes the stabilization of groove slope soil, reduces erosion slumping and increases vegetation coverage; the method has the advantages of rapid control of the development of the ditches and the slopes, improvement of the vegetation ecological environment, simple construction operation, low cost and strong stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological landform restoration, in particular to a ditch cutting and slope protecting structure and a construction method.
Background
In the period of rainstorm or water-melting, the ditch bed is cut into the mother layer or the bottom layer of the weathered substance by the concentrated scouring of runoff from the shallow ditch to form the ditch with obvious ditch head, ditch edge, ditch slope, ditch bottom and ditch mouth. A large number of ditches are cut in northeast black soil areas, northwest yellow soil areas and southern red soil areas of China, the depths of the ditches are more than several meters, the longitudinal sections of the ditches are inconsistent with the slope surface, common farming measures cannot be eliminated, erosion forms such as undercutting, expansion and collapse are active, cultivated land, roads and villages are damaged, mechanical farming is hindered, ecological degradation is promoted, and the development of local economy and society is severely restricted. Therefore, the development of the trenching prevention and control technology has wide and urgent practical requirements, and has important significance for guaranteeing national food safety and improving regional ecological environment.
The trench slope of the erosion trench, also called trench wall, generally refers to the exposed steep slope formed by water flow scouring or gravity collapse below the trench edge line and above the trench bottom of the cutting trench and the gully. The small-sized cutting ditch has limited undercut depth, most ditch slopes are close to vertical but the height is usually between 1 and 3 meters, and the small-sized cutting ditch is generally treated along with the ditch head and the ditch bottom. However, for large and medium sized cutting ditches, along with continuous downward cutting of the ditch bottom, the ditch slope is seriously collapsed and gradually becomes a part with the largest erosion strength, the height of the ditch is up to several meters or even more than ten meters, the slope angle is more than 40 degrees, the surface shape is fluctuated, the soil composition is uneven, the water and fertilizer conditions are harsh, and the alignment treatment is very necessary. At present, the treatment of the ditch slope of large and medium-sized ditches is mainly divided into two types of biological measures and engineering measures. Common biological measures include directly planting willow piles in undisturbed groove slopes, cutting slopes and preparing land to form scale pits or planting arbor and shrub vegetation after horizontal steps and the like. The engineering measures are mostly to build the revetment by adopting materials such as gabions, grouted stones, dry stones and the like. Compared with the prior art, simple biological measures mainly reduce rainfall splash and prevent runoff scouring by increasing vegetation coverage, and the method has the advantages of green ecology, slope cutting and land preparation are always required for improving the survival rate of the vegetation, the ground surface disturbance is severe, the land outside the ditch occupies more land, the conditions of the vertical land of the ditch slope are limited to be harsh, the vegetation recovery effect is uncertain, the rainfall flood resistance in the initial growth stage is weaker, the method is unsatisfactory in the aspects of quick response and continuous stability, and the method is mainly suitable for being used for comprehensively treating the stable ditch slope with larger area. The engineering measures for building by traditional materials are mainly to increase slope stability, reduce slope exposure and control erosion collapse, and although the protection effect is good and the stability is high, the engineering cost is relatively high, so that the ecological function of soil is greatly influenced and destroyed, and the sustainable development of the environment cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a ditch-cutting slope protection structure and a construction method, which are used for solving the technical problems that biological slope protection measures have severe soil preparation disturbance, poor vegetation recovery effect in the later period, weak rain flood resistance and incapability of meeting the ecological construction requirements of quick treatment and continuous stability, and engineering slope protection measures have relatively high construction cost, great damage to the ecological function of soil and incapability of meeting the environmental sustainable development.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trench cutting and slope protecting structure, including: box protection unit and vegetation, it is a plurality of box protection unit is from supreme at least stacking down and is first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure, first step-type slope protection structure with second step-type slope protection structure sets up along the ditching extending direction, first step-type slope protection structure with be equipped with hierarchical mesa between the second step-type slope protection structure first step-type slope protection structure second step-type slope protection structure with hierarchical mesa's horizontal surface is planted the vegetation.
The box-type protection device comprises a box-type protection unit and is characterized by further comprising a connecting piece, wherein the box-type protection unit is a hollow box body, soil is filled in the hollow box body, grooves matched with the connecting piece are formed in two opposite sides of the box-type protection unit respectively, and the left and right adjacent box-type protection units are inserted into the corresponding grooves through the connecting piece and are connected.
The groove is of a mortise structure, and the connecting piece is of a tenon structure.
The bottom of the box-type protection unit is also provided with a through hole for communicating the inside of the box-type protection unit with the outside of the box-type protection unit.
The top of the connecting piece extends out of the top of the groove, and the side face of the box-type protection unit on the upper layer is abutted to the protruding part of the connecting piece on the lower layer.
The slope toe stabilizing unit is of a U-shaped structure, soil is filled in the slope toe stabilizing unit, one part of the slope toe stabilizing unit faces to the bottom of a groove and leans against the bottom layer along the extending direction of the groove, the box-type protecting unit and the other part of the slope toe stabilizing unit face to the inner side of the groove and are arranged below the grading table board along the extending direction of the groove, and the willow piles are sequentially wedged into the soil in the slope toe stabilizing unit along the extending direction of the groove.
Wherein, first trapezoidal slope protection structure with second trapezoidal slope protection structure's size and shape are all unanimous, the width of hierarchical mesa with the ratio scope of first trapezoidal slope protection structure at the width of horizontal plane projection is 0.5-1. .
The slope top intercepting ditch and the water retaining stem are arranged at the top of the cut-off ditch slope protection structure along the extending direction of the cut-off ditch, and the water retaining stem is arranged on the inner side of the slope top intercepting ditch relative to the cut-off ditch.
Wherein the height of the cutting groove exceeds 5m or the slope angle exceeds 35 degrees.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a construction method of the ditch cutting and slope protecting structure, which comprises the following steps:
leveling the groove slope, forming a flat slope according to the slope of the main body of the groove slope, and cutting and grading the slope;
building a slope top intercepting ditch and a water retaining stem at the top of the ditch slope along the outer side of the ditch edge line;
paving a box type protection unit at the bottommost layer of each stage, paving a toe stabilization unit along one side, close to the trench bottom, of the box type protection unit at the bottommost layer, filling soil to cover the toe stabilization unit, and wedging a willow pile;
the box-type protection units are sequentially laid from bottom to top from the box-type protection unit at the bottommost layer and bypass the grading table board, and the box-type protection units adjacent to each other on the left side and the right side are connected through a connecting piece;
the inside soil that loads forms first step slope protection structure and second step slope protection structure of the cavity box of the box protection unit of laying, and first step slope protection structure with form hierarchical mesa between the second step slope protection structure first step slope protection structure second step slope protection structure with vegetation is planted to hierarchical mesa.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the ditch-cutting slope protection structure and the construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the box-type protection units are adopted to be stacked into the discontinuous step-type slope protection structure, and the vegetation is planted on the horizontal surfaces of the discontinuous step-type slope protection structure and the grading table top, so that the organic combination of engineering slope protection measures and plant slope protection measures is realized, the ditch-cutting slope protection structure is applicable to large and medium-sized ditch-cutting slopes, the soil of the ditch slope is stabilized, the erosion and the slump are reduced, and the vegetation coverage is increased; meanwhile, the ditch slope is dredged and converged, so that conditions are provided for rainfall resource utilization, the development of the ditch slope is rapidly controlled, the vegetation ecological environment is improved, the water and soil loss is greatly reduced, and the method is simple in construction operation, low in cost, strong in stability and good in application and popularization prospects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a trenching slope protection structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a box-type protection unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a toe stabilization unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a connecting member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the box-type protection unit and the connector according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trenching slope protection structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a trenching slope protection structure according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trenching slope protection structure in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a slope top intercepting ditch; 2: water blocking peduncle; 3: slope soil; 4: a grading table top; 5: willow stumps; 6: a box-type protection unit; 61: a groove; 62: a through hole; 7: vegetation; 8: a toe stabilizing unit; 9: the bottom of the ditch; 10: a connecting member.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a ditch cutting slope protection structure, which comprises: box protective unit 6 and vegetation 7, a plurality of box protective unit 6 from supreme piling up into notch cuttype slope protection structure down, this notch cuttype slope protection structure sets up along the gully extending direction, and plants vegetation 7 at the horizontal surface of the notch cuttype slope protection structure who piles up.
The embodiment of the invention discloses two situations, namely a continuous step-type slope protection structure suitable for a groove cutting height of not more than 5 meters and a slope angle of not more than 35 degrees and a non-continuous step-type slope protection structure suitable for a groove cutting height of more than 5 meters or a slope angle of more than 35 degrees.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a groove-cutting slope protection structure, including: box protective unit 6 and vegetation 7, a plurality of box protective unit 6 from supreme piling up into continuous notch cuttype slope protection structure down, continuous notch cuttype slope protection structure sets up along the gully extending direction, and plants vegetation 7 at the horizontal surface of the continuous notch cuttype slope protection structure who piles up.
Specifically, this embodiment piles up the slope protection structure who becomes continuous notch cuttype through box protection unit 6, and this slope protection structure is applicable to the condition that the gully height is no longer than 5 meters and the bank angle is no longer than 35, guarantees slope protection structure's stability. The slope protection structure can be generally directly built, vegetation 7 such as grass or shrubs and the like are planted on the formed step surface, and the organic combination of engineering slope protection measures and plant slope protection measures is realized.
The upper layer units of the adjacent two layers of box-type protection units 6 are tightly pressed on the lower layer units, and the upper layer units and the lower layer units are arranged in a step-type staggered mode.
According to the ditch-cutting slope protection structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the box-type protection units 6 are stacked into the continuous step-type slope protection structure, and the vegetation 7 is planted on the horizontal surface of the continuous step-type slope protection structure, so that the organic combination of engineering slope protection measures and plant slope protection measures is realized, the ditch-cutting slope protection structure is suitable for large and medium-sized ditch slopes, the soil of the ditch slopes is stabilized, the erosion collapse is reduced, and the vegetation coverage is increased; meanwhile, the ditch slope is dredged and converged, so that conditions are provided for rainfall resource utilization, the development of the ditch slope is rapidly controlled, the vegetation ecological environment is improved, the water and soil loss is greatly reduced, and the method is simple in construction operation, low in cost, strong in stability and good in application and popularization prospects.
Further, the ditching slope protection structure of this embodiment still includes connecting piece 10, and box protection unit 6 is the cavity box, and at the inside soil that fills of cavity box, and box protection unit 6 opposite both sides are constructed respectively and are had the recess 61 with connecting piece 10 looks adaptation, and adjacent box protection unit 6 inserts corresponding recess 61 internal connection through connecting piece 10 about. Soil is filled in the hollow box body of the box type protection unit 6, and because the top of the box type protection unit 6 of the embodiment is not sealed, the exposed soil area of the box type protection unit 6 is used for grass planting and greening. Box protection unit 6 adopts environmental protection materials such as cement, sand, slay, fly ash high pressure press forming, belongs to green novel material, and gas permeability, water permeability are good, can effectively exert the effect of adjusting soil temperature and humidity. The box-type protection unit 6 is roughly shaped like a cuboid, 800mm in length and 400mm in height, and has a cuboid hollow part, 640mm in length, 340mm in width and 300mm in height, and 100mm in bottom thickness.
Further, the groove 61 is of a mortise structure, the connecting piece 10 is of a tenon structure, the shape and the size of the groove 61 and the size of the connecting piece 10 are identical, and the connecting piece 10 can be vertically inserted into the groove 61. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the centers of the two sides of the box-type protection units 6 in the width direction are provided with mortise holes with dovetail-shaped cross sections, the two adjacent box-type protection units 6 at the left and the right are connected by a mortise-tenon insertion structure, so as to prevent the box type protection units 6 on the groove slope from longitudinally moving under the action of external force and further enhance the stability of the slope protection structure, the adjacent box type protection units 6 which are transversely arranged are connected by adopting a mortise-tenon inserting structure, the cross section of a tenon is composed of two symmetrical dovetail shapes, the height is 150mm, a mortise structure formed by butt joint of dovetail type mortise holes in the width directions of two sides of the adjacent two box type protection units 6 is matched with a tenon, the tenon is inserted into the mortise part to realize the tight combination of the adjacent box type protection units 6, the transversely arranged same-layer box type protection units 6 are connected into a whole, so that the stress is increased, the compression resistance and the impact resistance of the units are improved, and the stability of the groove slope protection structure is ensured. The cross section of the dovetail mortise is trapezoidal, the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 30mm, the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 50mm, the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 50mm, and the height of the concave part of the whole mortise is 100 mm.
Furthermore, the bottom of the box-type protection unit 6 is further provided with a through hole 62 for communicating the inside of the box-type protection unit 6 with the outside of the box-type protection unit 6. Round holes penetrating through the inside and the outside of the box-type protection unit 6 are respectively formed in the positions, 250mm away from the left end and the right end, at the bottom of the box-type protection unit 6, and the radius of each round hole is 30mm, so that the ventilation and the water permeation are realized.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the top of the connector 10 protrudes out of the top of the groove 61, and the side of the box-type guard unit 6 of the previous layer abuts against the protruding portion of the connector 10 of the next layer. The box protection unit 6 of same one deck is connected fixedly by the mortise-tenon joint structure, and adjacent two-layer box protection unit 6 is crisscross to become "article" word structure and arranges (observes from the plan view) about, and 6 tops of box protection unit of lower floor are sticis to 6 bottoms of upper box protection unit, and the tenon salient of lower floor is hugged closely in the 6 outsides of box protection unit of upper strata, and the salient part of tenon is used for preventing box protection unit 6 of upper strata longitudinal displacement under the exogenic action, reinforcing overall structure's stability. After the box-type protection units 6 are arranged, soil is filled in the box-type protection units respectively, so that the whole ditch slope is formed into a step-type exposed soil layer, and grass seeds are sown in the exposed soil or turf is laid for greening.
Further, the ditching slope protection structure of this embodiment still includes slope base unit 8 that stabilizes, and slope base unit 8 that stabilizes is "U" type structure, and at the inside soil that fills of slope base unit 8, the opening direction of slope base unit 8 that stabilizes is towards the ditch bottom 9 to lean on the box protection unit 6 of locating the bottom along the ditching extending direction. The groove cutting slope protection structure of the embodiment further comprises willow piles 5, and the willow piles 5 are sequentially wedged into soil in the slope toe stabilizing unit 8 along the extending direction of the groove cutting. Willow pile 5 not only possesses the effect of intercepting silt, flood-retarding drainage, has green ecological characteristics moreover, improves the toe steadiness to a certain extent, increases the vegetation cover, has protection and ecological function concurrently. The slope foot stabilizing unit 8 is tightly attached to the outer side of the box-type protection unit 6 at the bottommost layer of the slope surface, and is used for stabilizing the assembled grooving and slope protection structure and enhancing the overall stability of the box-type protection unit 6. As shown in figure 3, the bottom of the U-shaped structure is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the box-type protection unit 6, and the hollow part in the U-shaped structure is filled with soil and used for planting the willow stump 5. The main advantage of adopting "U" shape structure is that box protection unit 6 is hugged closely to the solid face in bottom, can strengthen the atress, and open face is direct to be connected with the ditch bottom 9, guarantees the connectivity of the inside soil of box protection unit 6, strengthens ventilative water permeability, improves the survival rate of stake 5 in the firm unit 8 of toe. The slope toe stabilizing unit 8 is made of a material with strong water permeability, and the raw material is mainly formed by high-pressure pressing of environment-friendly materials such as cement, sand, slag and fly ash, and belongs to a novel environment-friendly material. The overall dimension of the slope toe stabilizing unit 8 is 800mm in length, 500mm in width, 400mm in height and 80mm in thickness.
Further, the ditching slope protection structure of this embodiment still includes top of slope intercepting ditch 1 and manger plate stalk 2, and top of slope intercepting ditch 1 and manger plate stalk 2 all set up in the top of ditching slope protection structure along the ditching extending direction, and manger plate stalk 2 locates the inboard of top of slope intercepting ditch 1 for the ditching to avoid the other rivers of ditching to go into in the ditching.
The construction method of the groove cutting slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
(1) construction preparation work: the trench slope is properly leveled, local obvious convex-concave soil blocks are removed, stones and weeds are removed, and the slope soil 3 falls according to the main body of the trench slope to form a relatively flat slope.
(2) Laying a slope top intercepting ditch 1 and a water retaining stem 2: and building slope top intercepting ditches 1 and water retaining stems 2 at the positions of about 1m of the top of the trench slope along the outer side of the trench edge line, wherein the depth of the excavated slope top intercepting ditches 1 is 0.3-0.5m, and building high soil dams of 0.2m in the ditches every 5-10 m to form the bamboo joint ditches. The height of the filled water retaining stem 2 is 0.5-1m, the top width is 0.5-1.5 m, and the slope ratio of the slope top intercepting ditch 1 to the water retaining stem 2 is 1:0.5-1: 1.
(3) Laying a bottom layer box type protection unit 6: and (3) defining a slope protection layout base line on a joint line of a groove slope to be treated and a groove bottom 9, after clearing and leveling, downwards excavating for 0.4m according to the width (about 700mm) slightly larger than 2 times of the box type protection unit 6 to serve as a building foundation, and continuously placing a row of box type protection units 6 along the slope toe to serve as a bottommost unit of the groove slope.
(4) Paving a slope toe stabilizing unit 8 and wedging a willow pile 5: and paving slope toe stabilizing units 8 side by side on the side facing the trench bottom 9 along the paved bottom layer box type protection unit 6. Then, filling soil to cover the slope toe stabilizing unit 8, keeping the top layer of the slope toe stabilizing unit level with the trench bottom 9, planting the willow stumps 5 in the slope toe stabilizing unit 8, and preventing the outer skins of the willow stumps 5 from being damaged, wherein the diameter of each willow stump 5 is 0.03-0.05m, the length of each willow stump 5 is not less than 1.2-1.5m, the depth of each willow stump 5 inserted into the soil is not less than 0.3-0.5m, and the willow stumps 5 are kept above the slope toe stabilizing unit 8 for 0.3-0.5 m.
(5) Placing the middle and upper layer box type protection unit 6: when placing box protection unit 6, lay from the ditch slope bottom to ditch slope top ditch edge line successive layer, the upper strata is the crisscross placing of step with the lower floor, and 6 length direction's of upper box protection unit central line aligns the handing-over line of two adjacent box protection unit 6 of lower floor promptly, and the bottom surface of upper unit overlaps about 200mm with lower floor's unit width, and the adjacent box protection unit 6 of left and right sides is connected closely and is kept parallel to it is fixed with tenon fourth of the twelve earthly branches connection.
(6) 6 soil filling and grass planting of box type protection unit: the hollow parts of all the box-type protection units 6 are filled with soil and planted with grass for greening, or the soil and the grass seeds can be directly filled after being mixed and stirred. The selected plant seeds are mainly herbaceous, such as perennial ryegrass, alfalfa and the like.
Example 2:
the structure of the present embodiment has many similarities with the structure of embodiment 1, and only the differences from embodiment 1 are described in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the present embodiment discloses a gutter slope protection structure, including: box protection unit 6 and vegetation 7, a plurality of box protection unit 6 follow supreme at least stacking down and become first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure, and first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure set up along the ditching extending direction, are equipped with hierarchical mesa 4 between first step-type slope protection structure and the second step-type slope protection structure, plant vegetation 7 at the horizontal surface of first step-type slope protection structure, second step-type slope protection structure and hierarchical mesa 4.
Specifically, this embodiment is applicable to the condition that the height of cutting the ditch exceeds 5 meters or the slope angle exceeds 35 °, and in order to guarantee stability, has carried out the grade of cutting the slope, has adopted a plurality of discontinuous notch cuttype slope protection structures (including at least first notch cuttype slope protection structure and second notch cuttype slope protection structure promptly) in order to replace the continuous notch cuttype slope protection structure in embodiment 1. Connect through hierarchical mesa 4 between a plurality of notch cuttype slope protection structure, and plant vegetation 7 on each notch cuttype slope protection structure and hierarchical mesa 4.
Furthermore, one part of the slope toe stabilizing units 8 is abutted against the box-type protecting unit 6 at the bottommost layer, the opening direction of the other part of the slope toe stabilizing units 8 faces towards the inner side of the cut groove and is arranged below the grading table board 4, namely, the opening direction of one part of the slope toe stabilizing units 8 faces towards the groove bottom 9 and is abutted against the box-type protecting unit 6 at the bottommost layer along the extending direction of the cut groove, the opening direction of the other part of the slope toe stabilizing units 8 faces towards the inner side of the cut groove and is arranged below the grading table board 4 along the extending direction of the cut groove, and the willow piles 5 are sequentially wedged into soil in the slope toe stabilizing units 8 along the extending direction of the cut groove.
Further, the size and the shape of the first step-shaped slope protection structure and the second step-shaped slope protection structure are consistent, and the ratio range of the width of the grading table board 4 to the width of the first step-shaped slope protection structure projected on the horizontal plane is 0.5-1.
The construction method of the groove cutting slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
leveling the groove slope, forming a flat slope according to the slope of the main body of the groove slope, and cutting and grading the slope;
building a slope top intercepting ditch 1 and a water retaining stem 2 at the top of the ditch slope along the outer side of a ditch edge line;
paving a box type protection unit 6 at the bottommost layer of each stage, paving a toe stabilization unit 8 along one side, close to a trench bottom 9, of the box type protection unit 6 at the bottommost layer, filling soil to cover the toe stabilization unit 8, and wedging the willow pile 5;
the box-type protection units 6 are sequentially laid from bottom to top from the box-type protection unit 6 at the bottommost layer and are wound around the grading table top 4, and the box-type protection units 6 adjacent to each other at the left and right are connected through a connecting piece 10;
fill soil in the cavity box inside of the box protection unit 6 of laying and form first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure to form hierarchical mesa 4 between first step-type slope protection structure and second step-type slope protection structure, plant vegetation 7 at first step-type slope protection structure, second step-type slope protection structure and hierarchical mesa 4.
According to the ditch-cutting slope protection structure and the construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the box-type protection units are adopted to be stacked into the discontinuous step-type slope protection structure, and the vegetation is planted on the horizontal surfaces of the discontinuous step-type slope protection structure and the grading table top, so that the organic combination of engineering slope protection measures and plant slope protection measures is realized, the ditch-cutting slope protection structure is applicable to large and medium-sized ditch-cutting slopes, the soil of the ditch slope is stabilized, the erosion and the slump are reduced, and the vegetation coverage is increased; meanwhile, the ditch slope is dredged and converged, so that conditions are provided for rainfall resource utilization, the development of the ditch slope is rapidly controlled, the vegetation ecological environment is improved, the water and soil loss is greatly reduced, and the method is simple in construction operation, low in cost, strong in stability and good in application and popularization prospects.
Differences from example 1 include:
construction preparation work in step 1: for the groove slope with the slope angle larger than 35 degrees or the height larger than 5 meters, the slope soil 3 is cut properly and graded, the slope angle after slope cutting is ensured to be smaller than the natural repose angle of the slope, and the grade is generally graded by 2 at most. And the surplus earthwork formed during the slope cutting and leveling operation is used for filling the soil in the subsequent box-type protection unit 6, filling a water retaining ridge and leveling the earthwork at the bottom 9 of the ditch.
Laying a bottom layer box type protection unit 6 in the step 3: one row of box protection unit 6 is placed to the notch cuttype slope protection structure's of each grade bottom.
Paving a slope toe stabilizing unit 8 and wedging a willow pile 5 in the step 5: for the groove slope with slope cutting and grading, the bottom box type protection units 6 (namely step 3), the slope foot stabilizing units 8 and the wedged willow piles 5 are paved on the step type slope protection structures of all levels again in sequence, and the box type protection units 6 are placed layer by layer.
Filling soil and planting grass in the box type protection unit 6 in the step 6: as for the step surface (namely the grading table surface 4) formed by slope cutting and grading, grass is planted together, and slope protection shrubs such as sea buckthorn, amorpha fruticosa, lespedeza bicolor and the like can be planted on the step surface as required.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a ditching bank protection structure which characterized in that includes: the vegetation planting structure comprises box-type protection units and vegetation, wherein the box-type protection units are at least stacked into a first step-type slope protection structure and a second step-type slope protection structure from bottom to top, the first step-type slope protection structure and the second step-type slope protection structure are arranged along the extending direction of a cutting ditch, a grading table board is arranged between the first step-type slope protection structure and the second step-type slope protection structure, and the vegetation is planted on the horizontal surfaces of the first step-type slope protection structure, the second step-type slope protection structure and the grading table board;
the slope toe fixing unit is of a U-shaped structure, soil is filled in the slope toe fixing unit, the opening direction of one part of the slope toe fixing unit faces to the bottom of the groove and leans against the box-type protection unit arranged at the bottommost layer along the extension direction of the cutting groove, and the opening direction of the other part of the slope toe fixing unit faces to the inner side of the cutting groove and is arranged below the grading table board along the extension direction of the cutting groove; the willow piles are sequentially wedged into soil in the slope toe stabilizing unit along the extending direction of the cutting groove.
2. The trenching slope protection structure of claim 1, further comprising a connector, wherein the box-type protection unit is a hollow box body, soil is filled in the hollow box body, grooves matched with the connector are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the box-type protection unit, and adjacent box-type protection units are inserted into the corresponding grooves through the connector to be connected.
3. The structure of cutting furrows and protecting slope of claim 2, wherein the recess is mortise hole structure and the connecting piece is tenon structure.
4. The trenching slope protection structure of claim 2, wherein the bottom of the box-type protection unit is further provided with a through hole for communicating the inside of the box-type protection unit with the outside of the box-type protection unit.
5. The trenching slope protection structure of any one of claims 2-4, wherein a top of the connector protrudes from a top of the groove, and a side of the box-type guard unit of an upper layer abuts against a protruding portion of the connector of a lower layer.
6. The trenching slope-protecting structure of claim 1, wherein the first and second step slope-protecting structures have the same size and shape, and the ratio of the width of the grading table to the width of the first step slope-protecting structure projected on the horizontal plane is in the range of 0.5-1.
7. The trenching slope protection structure of claim 1, further comprising a top-of-slope gutter and a water-retaining stem, wherein the top-of-slope gutter and the water-retaining stem are both disposed at the top of the trenching slope protection structure along the extending direction of the trenching, and the water-retaining stem is disposed at the inner side of the top-of-slope gutter relative to the trenching.
8. The trenched slope protecting structure of claim 1, wherein the trenched height exceeds 5 meters or the slope angle exceeds 35 °.
9. A construction method of the trenching slope-protecting structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
leveling the groove slope, forming a flat slope according to the slope of the main body of the groove slope, and cutting and grading the slope;
building a slope top intercepting ditch and a water retaining stem at the top of the ditch slope along the outer side of the ditch edge line;
paving a box type protection unit at the bottommost layer of each stage, paving a toe stabilization unit along one side, close to the trench bottom, of the box type protection unit at the bottommost layer, filling soil to cover the toe stabilization unit, and wedging a willow pile;
the slope toe stabilizing unit is of a U-shaped structure, soil is filled in the slope toe stabilizing unit, the opening direction of one part of the slope toe stabilizing unit faces to the bottom of the groove and leans against the box-type protecting unit arranged at the bottommost layer along the extending direction of the groove, and the opening direction of the other part of the slope toe stabilizing unit faces to the inner side of the groove and is arranged below the grading table board along the extending direction of the groove; the willow piles are sequentially wedged into soil in the slope toe stabilizing unit along the extending direction of the cutting groove;
the box-type protection units are sequentially laid from bottom to top from the box-type protection unit at the bottommost layer and bypass the grading table board, and the box-type protection units adjacent to each other on the left side and the right side are connected through a connecting piece;
the inside soil that loads forms first step slope protection structure and second step slope protection structure of the cavity box of the box protection unit of laying, and first step slope protection structure with form hierarchical mesa between the second step slope protection structure first step slope protection structure second step slope protection structure with vegetation is planted to hierarchical mesa.
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| KR20120003684A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-11 | 김철수 | Environmental friendly planting-structure for protecting slope and structure constructed by using it |
| CN103352444A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-16 | 管大为 | Lattice type river bank revetment structure and construction method thereof |
| CN204608703U (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-02 | 中泰国际高新技术有限公司 | Slope protecting components |
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