CN111455427A - Gradual change treatment process for sand surface and high gloss surface of aluminum alloy surface - Google Patents
Gradual change treatment process for sand surface and high gloss surface of aluminum alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455427A CN111455427A CN202010457031.5A CN202010457031A CN111455427A CN 111455427 A CN111455427 A CN 111455427A CN 202010457031 A CN202010457031 A CN 202010457031A CN 111455427 A CN111455427 A CN 111455427A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0076—Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/08—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces
- B24C3/10—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces for treating external surfaces
- B24C3/12—Apparatus using nozzles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
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- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a gradual change treatment process for a sand surface and a high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface, which comprises the following process steps: 1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product; 2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product; 3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting; 4) performing pickaxe polishing on the two sides of the cleaned aluminum alloy product; 5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing; 6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment; 7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product. According to the invention, the gradual change effect of the sand surface and the highlight surface on the surface of the aluminum alloy product can be realized through the process, meanwhile, the orange peel phenomenon is obviously reduced by adopting three-stage polishing combined with red, purple and white wax to polish the surface of the aluminum alloy product in the preparation process, and the highlight effect on the surface of the aluminum alloy product is obviously improved by combining the pickaxe polishing process, so that the prepared product has the advantage of good quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a gradual change treatment process for a sand surface and a high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface.
Background
At present, aluminum alloy is taken as the most commonly applied alloy metal, and particularly, the application of the aluminum alloy in electronic equipment industries such as computers, mobile phones and the like is quite wide, but because the prior art only has a single sand blasting surface or a single highlight surface when performing appearance treatment on a product, the effect of the sand blasting surface and the highlight surface is not realized on the same product, and meanwhile, when the highlight effect is obtained in the past, the highlight effect is usually obtained by a single cloth wheel polishing process after performing anode treatment in the prior art, but the prior cloth wheel polishing process easily has poor polishing and heat dissipation, the orange peel on the surface of the polished product is serious, an anode film drops off, the color-dropping process is extremely unstable, and the yield is low, so the prior aluminum alloy product has great use limitation and greatly limits the application of the aluminum alloy in the electronic product industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gradual change treatment process for the sand surface and the highlight surface of the aluminum alloy surface, the gradual change effect of the sand surface and the highlight surface of the aluminum alloy product can be realized through the process, meanwhile, the surface of the aluminum alloy product is polished by adopting three-stage polishing combined with red, purple and white wax in the preparation process, the orange peel phenomenon is obviously reduced, the highlight effect of the surface of the aluminum alloy product is obviously improved by combining with a pickaxe polishing process, and the prepared product has the advantages of high yield and good surface quality.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 800-;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1200-;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1600-;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two surfaces of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 20-24 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
According to the invention, the effect of gradual change of the sand surface and the highlight surface on the surface of the aluminum alloy product can be realized through the process, meanwhile, the orange peel phenomenon is obviously reduced by adopting three-stage polishing combined with red, purple and white wax to polish the surface of the aluminum alloy product in the preparation process, and the highlight effect on the surface of the aluminum alloy product is obviously improved by combining the pickaxe polishing process, so that the luster of the aluminum alloy product can reach about 100G, and the prepared product has the advantages of high yield and good surface quality; the oil removing and cleaning can well remove stains attached to the surface of the aluminum alloy product and improve the brightness of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
Preferably, the anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) includes the steps of:
e1, after hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at the temperature of 45-65 ℃ for 80-100s, then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then adopting Q605 acid cleaning solution to perform acid cleaning and demoulding on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the acid cleaning and demoulding time is 5-10s, and then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in electrolyte with the voltage of 8-12V for electrolysis for 25-35min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 45-65 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 80-100 s; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at normal temperature for 60-80s, after dyeing is carried out for 80-120s, then washing is carried out, hole sealing is carried out at the temperature of 90-100 ℃, the hole sealing time is 25-35min, washing is carried out after hole sealing, then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ for 40-60s, and drying is carried out.
The anodizing treatment adopted in the invention mainly aims at the highlight chamfer structure of the aluminum alloy product, so that the highlight chamfer surface is oxidized to form a compact and hard oxide film, the oxide film is more wear-resistant and less prone to contamination, and meanwhile, the anodic oxidation treatment process and parameters are controlled, so that the condition that the shielding area is anodized to influence the product yield is avoided.
Preferably, the specific degreasing cleaning in step 6) is as follows: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 60-80 ℃ for 80-100s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demoulding on the aluminum alloy product by using Q605 acid cleaning solution for 8-14 s; and performing second water washing, performing ultrasonic cleaning at 65-85 deg.C for 60-80s, and baking at 75-85 deg.C for 9-11min to dry.
According to the invention, multiple processes of degreasing, washing, pickling and washing are combined, so that the aluminum alloy product treated by the processes can be well decontaminated and cleaned in a deep layer, and the effect of gradual change of the sand surface and the highlight surface on the surface of the aluminum alloy product is obviously improved.
Preferably, 150-220# sand and/or glass sand is/are used for sand blasting in the step S2; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9-10min/1m, the swing frequency is 30-40min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 1.6-2.4kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 90-160 degrees.
In the invention, 150-220# sand and/or glass sand are adopted during sand blasting in the step S2, the surface texture of the product after sand blasting is good, and the sand blasting effect and the texture of the surface of the product can be obviously improved by strictly controlling the walking speed of the sand blasting machine to be 9-10min/1m, the swinging frequency to be 30-40min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure to be 1.6-2.4kg and the angle of a spray gun nozzle to be 90-160 degrees.
Preferably, in the step 3), firstly, the aluminum alloy product is cleaned by using a cleaning agent for the first time, and then, the aluminum alloy product is cleaned by using water for the second time; more preferably, the cleaning agent is an XY33 cleaning agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the effect of gradual change of the sand surface and the highlight surface on the surface of the aluminum alloy product can be realized through the process, meanwhile, the orange peel is obviously reduced by adopting three-stage polishing combined with red, purple and white wax to polish the surface of the aluminum alloy product in the preparation process, and the highlight effect on the surface of the aluminum alloy product is obviously improved by combining the pickaxe polishing process and the anodic oxidation treatment, so that the prepared product has the advantages of high yield and good surface quality; the oil removing and cleaning can well remove stains attached to the surface of the aluminum alloy product and improve the brightness of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying fig. 1, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 800 r/min;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1200 r/min;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1600 r/min;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two surfaces of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 20 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
The anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 45 ℃ for 80s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then washing the aluminum alloy product with acid with Q605 acid cleaning solution for demoulding for 5s, and washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in electrolyte with the voltage of 8V for electrolysis for 25min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 45 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 80 s; then ultrasonically cleaning for 60s at normal temperature, dyeing for 80s, then washing with water, sealing holes at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 25min, washing with water after sealing holes, ultrasonically cleaning for 40s at the temperature of 70 ℃, and drying.
The specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, degreasing at 60 ℃ for 80s, washing with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demolding with Q605 acid cleaning solution for 8 s; and then carrying out second water washing, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 60s at the temperature of 65 ℃, and then baking for 9min at the temperature of 75 ℃ until drying.
150# sand was used for the sand blasting in step S2; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9min/1m, the swing frequency is 30min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 1.6kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 90 degrees.
In the step 3), the aluminum alloy product is firstly cleaned by using an XY33 cleaning agent, and then the aluminum alloy product is cleaned for the second time by using water.
Example 2
A process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotating speed of the polishing machine is 900 r/min;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1300 r/min;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1700 r/min;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two surfaces of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 21 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
The anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 50 ℃ for 85s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then carrying out acid washing and demoulding on the aluminum alloy product with Q605 acid cleaning solution for 6s, and then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in electrolyte with the voltage of 9V for electrolysis for 28min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 50 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 85 s; then ultrasonically cleaning for 65s at normal temperature, dyeing for 90s, then washing with water, sealing holes at 930 ℃ for 28min, washing with water after sealing holes, ultrasonically cleaning for 45s at 75 ℃, and drying.
The specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, firstly carrying out degreasing treatment at the degreasing temperature of 65 ℃ for 85s, then washing with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demoulding by adopting Q605 acid cleaning solution for 9 s; and carrying out second water washing, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 65s at the temperature of 70 ℃, and then baking for 9.5min at the temperature of 78 ℃ until drying.
170# glass sand is used for sand blasting in the step S2; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9.3min/1m, the swing frequency is 33min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 1.8kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 105 degrees.
In the step 3), the aluminum alloy product is firstly cleaned by using an XY33 cleaning agent, and then the aluminum alloy product is cleaned for the second time by using water.
Example 3
A process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1000 r/min;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1400 r/min;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1800 r/min;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two sides of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 22 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
The anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing for 90s at 55 ℃, washing with water for the first time, then carrying out acid washing and demoulding on the aluminum alloy product by using Q605 acid cleaning solution for 8s, and then washing with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in electrolyte with the voltage of 10V for electrolysis for 30min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 55 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 90 s; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 70s at normal temperature, after dyeing is carried out for 100s, then water washing is carried out, hole sealing is carried out at the temperature of 95 ℃, the hole sealing time is 30min, water washing is carried out after hole sealing, then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 50s, and drying is carried out.
The specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, firstly carrying out degreasing treatment at 70 ℃ for 90s, then washing with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demoulding by adopting Q605 acid cleaning solution for 11 s; and then carrying out secondary water washing, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 70s at the temperature of 75 ℃, and then baking for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃ until drying.
Mixed sand consisting of 185# sand and/or glass sand in a weight ratio of 1:1 is used in the sand blasting in the step S2; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9.5min/1m, the swing frequency is 35min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 2.0kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 125 degrees.
In the step 3), the aluminum alloy product is firstly cleaned by using an XY33 cleaning agent, and then the aluminum alloy product is cleaned for the second time by using water.
Example 4
A process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1100 r/min;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1500 r/min;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1900 r/min;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two sides of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 23 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
The anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, after hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 60 ℃ for 95s, then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then carrying out acid washing demoulding on the aluminum alloy product with Q605 acid cleaning solution for 9s, and then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in an electrolyte with the voltage of 11V for electrolysis for 33min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 60 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 95 s; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 75s at normal temperature, after dyeing is carried out for 110s, then water washing is carried out, hole sealing is carried out at the temperature of 98 ℃, the hole sealing time is 33min, water washing is carried out after hole sealing, then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 55s, and drying is carried out.
The specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, firstly carrying out degreasing treatment at the degreasing temperature of 75 ℃ for 95s, then washing with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demoulding by adopting Q605 acid cleaning solution for 13 s; and then carrying out second water washing, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 75s at the temperature of 80 ℃, and then baking for 10.5min at the temperature of 83 ℃ until drying.
In the step S2, mixed sand consisting of 205# sand and glass sand in a weight ratio of 1:1.2 is used in sand blasting; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9.8min/1m, the swing frequency is 38min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 2.2kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 145 degrees.
In the step 3), the aluminum alloy product is firstly cleaned by using an XY33 cleaning agent, and then the aluminum alloy product is cleaned for the second time by using water.
Example 5
A process for gradually changing the sand surface and the high gloss surface of an aluminum alloy surface comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1200 r/min;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 1600 r/min;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax; preferably, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 2000 r/min;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) carrying out pickaxe polishing treatment on the two surfaces of the cleaned aluminum alloy product for 24 s;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
The anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 65 ℃ for 100s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then carrying out acid washing and demoulding on the aluminum alloy product with Q605 acid cleaning solution for 10s, and then washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in an electrolyte with the voltage of 12V for electrolysis for 35min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 65 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 100 s; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out for 80s at normal temperature, after dyeing is carried out for 120s, then washing is carried out, hole sealing is carried out at the temperature of 100 ℃, the hole sealing time is 35min, water washing is carried out after hole sealing, then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 60s, and drying is carried out.
The specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, degreasing at 80 ℃ for 100s, washing with water for the first time, and then carrying out acid pickling demolding by using a Q605 acid cleaning solution for 14 s; and carrying out second water washing, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 80s at the temperature of 85 ℃, and then baking for 11min at the temperature of 85 ℃ until drying.
In the step S2, mixed sand consisting of 220# sand and glass sand according to the weight ratio of 1.2:1 is used in the sand blasting; in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 10min/1m, the swing frequency is 30-40min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 2.4kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 160 degrees.
In the step 3), the aluminum alloy product is firstly cleaned by using an XY33 cleaning agent, and then the aluminum alloy product is cleaned for the second time by using water.
The aluminum alloy products obtained in examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a sand surface roughness test (Ra value) and a bright surface gloss test (G value), respectively.
The testing method of the roughness of the sand surface comprises the following steps: putting the product on a special jig, opening a TR220 roughness tester, horizontally placing the product and a test probe on the same plane, and starting testing;
the method for testing the gloss of the bright surface comprises the following steps: 1. firstly, the numerical value of a positive SHEEN micro gloss instrument is 0; 2. putting the product on a special jig; 3. and opening the gloss tester to align the test hole with the product, lightly pressing the product for upper test, and starting the test. The test results are shown in table 1:
| item | Ra value | G value |
| Example 1 | 0.6 | 390 |
| Example 2 | 0.5 | 380 |
| Example 3 | 0.6 | 400 |
| Example 4 | 0.7 | 395 |
| Example 5 | 0.6 | 385 |
As can be seen from the above table, the aluminum alloy products prepared in embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention have excellent sand roughness and bright surface glossiness, and the effect of gradual change of the sand surface and the bright surface on the surface of the aluminum alloy product is achieved, thereby greatly improving the application of the aluminum alloy product in the electronic product industry.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The gradual change treatment process for the sand surface and the high gloss surface of the aluminum alloy surface is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following process steps:
1) polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
a1, performing primary polishing on the surface of the aluminum alloy product by adopting a rough hemp wheel and red wax;
a2, carrying out middle polishing on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the initial polishing in the step A1 by adopting a cotton and hemp wheel and purple wax;
a3, carrying out fine polishing on the aluminum alloy product polished in the step A2 by adopting a cotton cloth wheel and white wax;
2) sand blasting is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy product;
s1, mounting the polished aluminum alloy product on a sand blasting jig, and fixing a jig protective cover;
s2, placing the jig on a conveyer belt of a sand blasting conveyer, adjusting the walking speed, the swing speed, the air pressure and the angle of a nozzle of a sand blasting machine, and starting sand blasting;
s3, taking out the sand blasting jig from the material outlet of the sand blasting machine after sand blasting is finished, and opening the upper cover of the jig to take out the product;
3) cleaning the aluminum alloy product subjected to sand blasting;
4) performing pickaxe polishing on the two sides of the cleaned aluminum alloy product;
5) carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy product subjected to the polishing;
6) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy product after the anodic oxidation treatment;
7) and finishing the surface treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy product.
2. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anodic oxidation treatment in step 5) comprises the following steps:
e1, hanging the aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 45-65 ℃ for 80-100s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, then acid washing and demoulding the aluminum alloy product for 5-10s, and washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the second time;
e2, placing the aluminum alloy product as an anode in electrolyte with the voltage of 8-12V for electrolysis for 25-35min, and then washing with water;
e3, performing surface conditioning on the aluminum alloy product, wherein the surface conditioning temperature is 45-65 ℃, and the surface conditioning time is 80-100 s; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at normal temperature for 60-80s, after dyeing is carried out for 80-120s, then washing is carried out, hole sealing is carried out at the temperature of 90-100 ℃, the hole sealing time is 25-35min, washing is carried out after hole sealing, then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ for 40-60s, and drying is carried out.
3. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific oil removing and cleaning in the step 6) comprises the following steps: after hanging an aluminum alloy product, degreasing the aluminum alloy product at 60-80 ℃ for 80-100s, washing the aluminum alloy product with water for the first time, and then acid-washing and demoulding for 8-14 s; performing second water washing, ultrasonic cleaning at 65-85 deg.C for 60-80s, and baking at 75-85 deg.C for 9-11min to dry.
4. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotation speed of the polishing machine in the step A1 is 800-; the rotation speed of the polishing machine in the step A2 is 1200-; the rotation speed of the polishing machine in the step A3 is 1600-2000 r/min.
5. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: 150-220# sand and/or glass sand are used for sand blasting in the step S2.
6. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step S2, the walking speed of the sand blasting machine is 9-10min/1m, the swing frequency is 30-40min/1m, the sand blasting air pressure is 1.6-2.4kg, and the angle of the nozzle of the spray gun is 90-160 degrees.
7. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and 3) firstly cleaning the aluminum alloy product by using a cleaning agent, and then cleaning the aluminum alloy product for the second time by using water.
8. The aluminum alloy surface sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the time for picking in the step 4) is 20-24 s.
9. The process of claim 2 or 3, wherein the surface of the aluminum alloy is subjected to sand surface and high gloss surface gradual change treatment, and the process comprises the following steps: and in the step of pickling, a Q605 acid cleaning solution is adopted to pickle the aluminum alloy product.
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