CN111450219A - A Chinese medicinal granule for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminant, and its preparation method - Google Patents
A Chinese medicinal granule for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminant, and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants and a preparation process thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine granule comprises 20-30 parts of wilting, 30-40 parts of amomum villosum, 20-40 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 30-50 parts of radix aucklandiae, 20-40 parts of fructus aurantii and 30-50 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae. The Chinese medicinal preparation is prepared from pure Chinese medicaments, is compatible according to monarch, minister, assistant and guide, has the effects of warming the middle-jiao and strengthening the spleen, helping digestion and removing food stagnation, purging mass and relieving distension, regulating qi and relieving pain, inducing diuresis and removing toxicity, and relieving acid and toxin production, and has better curative effect on preventing and treating the acute carbohydrate overeating disease of the ruminant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants is a disease of forestomach dysfunction and rumen microflora activity reduction caused by the fact that ruminants eat too much easily fermented and carbohydrate-rich feed and produce a large amount of acid in rumen in a fermentation manner, and is clinically characterized by severe toxemia, dehydration, rumen motionless stoppage, mental depression, appetite reduction, rumen pH value reduction, plasma carbon dioxide binding force reduction, weakness, lying difficulty, mental coma, high mortality and the like. Cattle herds in the fattening period of farms and beef cattle farms suffer from diseases caused by overeating grains, the disease rate can reach 10% -50%, the diseases are widely caused on ruminants, and the diseases are in a trend of rising year by year in China in recent years, become one of the most serious diseases harming the ruminants, and cause serious economic loss to the ruminants in China.
Acute carbohydrate hyperphagia in ruminants is caused mainly by several reasons:
the feed is characterized in that the ruminant eats (feeds) excessive grain feed rich in carbohydrate, such as barley, wheat, corn, rice and sorghum, and tuberous root and tuber feed with high sugar content, such as beet, radish, potato and byproducts thereof, especially the feed processed into powder, starch is fully exposed, and is easily fermented to generate a large amount of lactic acid to cause the disease under the action of a rumen microflora after being eaten by the ruminant, and the feeding of silage corn with high acidity or silage feed with low quality, sugar residues and the like is also a common reason.
The other is the factor of feeding management, the sudden change of the feed, especially the feeding of pasture as the main part at ordinary times and the sudden change of the feed of grain containing more carbohydrate, does not have the process of gradually changing from coarse feed to high-precision feed. The most common reason for cattle raised in scattered farms in rural areas is that a large amount of cereal concentrate, particularly corn flour, wheat flour, barley flour, sorghum flour, and the like, is added suddenly by a herd before and after the production of cows.
Thirdly, the climate suddenly changes, animals are in a stress state, digestion is disordered, so that the animals are cared for the feeding method, and the animals are easy to cause the disease when being fed by forage, such as cows, goats and beef cattle.
The clinical symptoms of the disease mostly show acute passing, generally occur within 24 hours, some special acute cases can die suddenly between two times of feeding (3-5 hours after feeding), the disease is mainly related to the type, the property and the intake amount of the feed, the disease is quicker when the corn, the rice, the wheat and the barley are fed, and the disease is quicker when the corn, the rice, the wheat and the barley are fed and processed into crushed feed than when the corn, the rice, the wheat and the barley are fed into the crushed feed. In the early stages of overeating (within hours), the rumen is distended and occasionally has abdominal pain (hoof abdomen); cattle with mild disease have mental fear, anorexia and diarrhea, loose and soft excrement, weakened rumen peristalsis, reduced rumination, reduced milk yield of the cows and reduced milk fat content; if the disease is stable, the patient can recover from ingestion within 3-4 days without treatment.
Clinically, most cases show acute rumenic acidosis syndrome, and have certain central nervous system excitation symptoms, depressed spirit, dull eyes, panic, unstable gait, inappetence, salivation, tooth grinding and empty chewing of sick animals, rumen motion disappearance, content fullness, stickiness and hardness, diarrhea, light gray feces and sour milk smell.
After eating the carbohydrate feed, the patient suffers from mental retardation, movement stiffness, abnormal posture, obnubilation, weakened or disappeared eyelid reflex, increased excitability of central nerve, blindness, fierce and uneasiness, and can not be controlled; furthermore, with the development of the disease, the hind limbs are paralyzed, lying down, lethargy and nystagmus, and then excitation and inhibition alternately appear, so that the further development can be in coma and death.
In addition, dehydration and laminitis are common symptoms of the disease, and a large amount of lactic acid exists in rumen, so that osmotic pressure is increased, a large amount of body fluid enters rumen, the body is dehydrated, the skin is contracted and dried, eyeballs sink, the urine volume is reduced or no urine exists, the blood calcium is reduced, and simultaneously, chemical rumen gastritis is caused by stimulation of acid; in the development of the disease, due to the disturbance of the rumen content microbial flora, endotoxin and other substances are produced, so that the symptom of the laminitis is caused in many cases, and the chronic laminitis can occur weeks to months later.
The diagnosis of the disease can be made according to the history of overfeeding carbohydrate and by combining clinical manifestations, such as increased excitability of central nerve, blindness, severe dehydration, large amount of liquid in rumen, decreased pH value of rumen, decreased binding force of blood and carbon dioxide, lying on the ground, laminitis and nervous symptoms, decreased pH value of urine, and the like.
The disease is treated on the principles of preventing the continuous production of rumen content lactic acid and neutralizing the produced acid, relieving dehydration, regulating electrolyte balance, maintaining blood circulation, promoting forestomach movement, strengthening heart and supplementing fluid, detoxifying and treating the disease symptomatically. However, no vaccine, chemotherapeutic drug or other method for effectively controlling and preventing the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant exists so far, and the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant is still a problem which continuously troubles the ruminant so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and problems existing in the acute compound hyperphagia of the ruminant at present, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, and the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation can effectively control the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of wilting, 30-40 parts of amomum villosum, 20-40 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 30-50 parts of elecampane, 20-40 parts of fructus aurantii and 30-50 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of wilting, 35 parts of amomum villosum, 30 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 40 parts of radix aucklandiae, 30 parts of fructus aurantii and 40 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
In the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant, the medicine-taking part of the female wilting is the twig and the tender leaf of the female wilting.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of a female wilting extract: cutting fructus Trichosanthis, decocting to obtain supernatant, heating and concentrating the supernatant to obtain crude extract, adding 90-95% ethanol to the crude extract for removing impurities to obtain fluid extract, adding ethyl acetate to the fluid extract for extraction, recovering ethyl acetate, and concentrating to obtain refined fructus Trichosanthis extract;
step two, preparing the amomum villosum extract: cutting fructus Amomi, adding ethanol, extracting under reflux, filtering, collecting supernatant, decocting the residue with water, collecting supernatant, mixing the supernatants, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fructus Amomi extract;
step three, preparing rhizoma atractylodis extract: pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, soaking in ethanol, recovering ethanol to obtain supernatant, concentrating the supernatant into crude extract, and removing impurities to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract;
step four, preparing the volatile oil of the common vladimiria root, the bitter orange and the dried orange peel: pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding water, steam distilling, collecting distillate, adding diethyl ether into the distillate to extract oil layer, retaining aromatic water, repeating for 2-3 times, adding active carbon into aromatic water to remove impurities, retaining active carbon layer, adding petroleum ether, extracting, and storing volatile oil;
step five, mixing, granulating and subpackaging: and (4) combining the wilfordii extract, the amomum villosum extract and the rhizoma atractylodis extract with the volatile oil obtained in the fourth step, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed extract, adding sugar powder, granulating, drying, sieving and subpackaging to obtain a finished product.
In the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant, in the first step, the preparation method of the female wilting extract comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the wilting, putting into a decoction pot, adding water with the weight of 5-8 times of the wilting into the decoction pot, heating and boiling, decocting for 2-3h, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; adding 3-5 times of water into the filtered residue, decocting for 2-3h, filtering to obtain supernatant, discarding residues, and mixing the two supernatants;
(2) heating and concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a crude extract, adding 3-5 times of 90-95% ethanol into the crude extract, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant;
(3) adding ammonia water into the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 8.0-8.5, recovering ethanol by using a rotary evaporator, and collecting fluid extract;
(4) adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate into the fluid extract, uniformly mixing, and standing for 1-2 h; recovering ethyl acetate to form female wilting extract and retaining.
In the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant, the preparation of the amomum villosum extract in the second step comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting herba cistanches, adding 8-10 times of 95% ethanol, extracting under reflux for 30-60min, filtering, collecting supernatant, and recovering ethanol;
(2) adding 3-5 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(3) and (3) merging the supernatants obtained in the steps (1) and (2), concentrating the combined supernatant into amomum villosum extract under reduced pressure, and storing the amomum villosum extract for later use.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminants comprises the following steps of:
(1) crushing rhizoma atractylodis, adding 70-75% ethanol in an amount which is 5-8 times that of the rhizoma atractylodis, soaking for 1.5-2 hours, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the rest substances into an extract; adding 3-5 times of water into the extract, heating to boil, stirring, cooling, filtering, removing insoluble substances, retaining the filtrate, and concentrating into extract;
(2) stirring the extract with diatomaceous earth, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C to obtain granule; adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate into the granular substances, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2.5-3 h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping supernatant;
(3) recovering ethyl acetate from the supernatant, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 3-5 times of chloroform into the extract, stirring thoroughly, and collecting precipitate; recovering chloroform from the precipitate, and collecting the extract to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating the acute carbohydrate overeating disease of the ruminants comprises the following steps of:
(1) pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding 5-8 times of water, steam distilling, and collecting distillate; adding 1 time of diethyl ether into the distillate, extracting oil layer, and retaining the remaining aromatic water;
(2) carrying out secondary steam distillation on the aromatic water obtained in the step (1), adding 1 time of diethyl ether, separating an oil layer, and keeping the residual aromatic water; adding activated carbon into aromatic water, heating and boiling, removing water layer, and keeping activated carbon layer;
(3) adding petroleum ether into the activated carbon layer, mixing, removing activated carbon, retaining petroleum ether layer, recovering petroleum ether, and storing volatile oil.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant comprises the step of adding 10-20% of the powdered sugar into the mixed extract.
In the formula, the female wilting takes tender branches and leaves as medicines, has the effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, and clearing and activating the channels and collaterals, and is used as a guiding medicine in the formula.
Yangchun Sha, warm in nature and pungent in taste, is an adjuvant drug in the prescription, has the functions of promoting the circulation of qi, relieving the epigastric distention, invigorating the spleen and eliminating dampness, can increase the intestinal tract movement and promote digestion.
The rhizoma atractylodis, which is pungent and bitter in taste and warm in nature, enters spleen, stomach and liver channels, is a Chinese and ministerial medicine with the effects of eliminating dampness, strengthening spleen, dispelling wind and dispelling cold.
The common vladimiria root, radix aucklandiae, with warm nature and pungent taste, enters spleen, stomach, large intestine and gallbladder channels and is used as a Chinese and ministerial medicine with the combination of rhizoma atractylodis, and has the effects of promoting qi circulation, relieving pain and regulating qi.
The bitter orange is warm in nature and pungent in taste, and has the effects of regulating qi, relieving epigastric distention, activating stagnancy and relieving distension as a monarch drug in the formula, and the bitter orange enters spleen and stomach channels.
The dried orange peel, pungent and bitter in taste and warm in nature, is used as a monarch drug in the formula together with the bitter orange, and has the effects of regulating qi, strengthening spleen, eliminating dampness and reducing phlegm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts pure traditional Chinese medicines for preparation, and compared with antibiotic medicines, the invention has the characteristics of pure nature, preventive treatment, no toxic or side effect, no residue, no drug resistance, complete cure and the like.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is compatible according to monarch, minister, assistant and guide, has the effects of warming the middle-jiao and strengthening the spleen, helping digestion and removing food retention, purging mass and removing flatulence, regulating qi and relieving pain, inducing diuresis and removing toxicity, and relieving acid production and toxin production, and is a special granular preparation for preventing and treating acute carbohydrate overeating disease of ruminants.
3. The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation can improve the pH value in blood and the calcium concentration in serum, and has obvious effect.
4. The Chinese medicinal preparation avoids medicament residue for preventing and treating by antibiotics, ensures food safety, and is suitable for popularization in animal production.
5. The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention is reasonable in compatibility, safe and effective, treats both principal and secondary aspects of diseases, has no recurrence, has a good curative effect on preventing and treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants, and has a wide market prospect and a large economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, and it should be noted that: in the following examples, 10g of each Chinese medicinal material is 1 part in selected amount.
Example 1: the embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants, which comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 250g of wilting, 250g of amomum villosum, 300g of rhizoma atractylodis, 400g of radix aucklandiae, 300g of fructus aurantii and 400g of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a female wilting extract:
(1) cutting twigs and leaves of the female wilting, putting into a decoction pot, adding water with the weight of 6 times of the weight of the female wilting into the decoction pot, heating and boiling for 2-3h, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; adding 4 times of water into the filtered residue, decocting for 2-3 hr, filtering to obtain supernatant, discarding the residue, and mixing the two supernatants.
(2) Heating and concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a crude extract, adding 4 times of 90-95% ethanol into the crude extract, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to 8.0-8.5 by using ammonia water, recovering ethanol by using a rotary evaporator, and collecting fluid extract.
(4) Adding 3 times of ethyl acetate into the fluid extract, uniformly mixing, and standing for 1-2 h; recovering ethyl acetate to form female wilting extract and retaining.
2. Preparation of amomum villosum extract
(1) Cutting YANGCHUNSHA, extracting with 8 times of 95% ethanol under reflux for 30-60min, filtering, collecting supernatant, and recovering ethanol.
(2) Adding 4 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(3) and (3) merging the supernatants obtained in the steps (1) and (2), concentrating the combined supernatant into amomum villosum extract under reduced pressure, and storing the amomum villosum extract for later use.
3. Preparing rhizoma Atractylodis extract
(1) Crushing rhizoma atractylodis, adding 70-75% ethanol in an amount which is 6 times that of the rhizoma atractylodis, soaking for 1.5-2 hours, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the rest substances into an extract; adding 4 times of water into the extract, boiling, stirring, cooling, filtering, removing insoluble substances, retaining the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain extract.
(2) Stirring the extract with diatomaceous earth, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C to obtain granule; adding 2 times of ethyl acetate into the granular substances, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2.5-3 h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Recovering ethyl acetate from the supernatant, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 4 times of chloroform into the extract, stirring thoroughly, and collecting precipitate; recovering chloroform from the precipitate, and collecting the extract to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract.
4. Preparing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae volatile oil
(1) Pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding 6 times of water, and distilling with steam to obtain distillate; adding 1 time of diethyl ether into the distillate, extracting oil layer, and retaining the remaining aromatic water;
(2) carrying out secondary steam distillation on the aromatic water obtained in the step (1), adding 1 time of diethyl ether, separating an oil layer, and keeping the residual aromatic water; adding activated carbon into aromatic water, heating and boiling, removing water layer, and keeping activated carbon layer;
(3) adding petroleum ether into the activated carbon layer, mixing, removing activated carbon, retaining petroleum ether layer, recovering petroleum ether, and storing volatile oil.
5. Combining the wilfordii extract, the amomum villosum extract and the rhizoma atractylodis extract with the volatile oil prepared in the step 4, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed extract; adding sugar powder 15% of the total amount of the extract into the mixed extract, mixing, adjusting humidity with 75% ethanol, and granulating in a granulator.
6. And (4) drying the granules prepared in the step (5) in an oven at the temperature of 55-60 ℃, sieving with a 15-20-mesh sieve, and subpackaging, wherein each bag is 50g, so that a finished product is obtained.
Example 2: the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 200g of wilting, 400g of amomum villosum, 400g of rhizoma atractylodis, 300g of radix aucklandiae, 200g of fructus aurantii and 500g of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a female wilting extract:
(1) cutting twigs and leaves of the female wilting, putting into a decoction pot, adding water with the weight of 8 times of the weight of the female wilting into the decoction pot, heating and boiling, decocting for 2-3h, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; adding 5 times of water into the filtered residue, decocting for 2-3 hr, filtering to obtain supernatant, discarding the residue, and mixing the two supernatants.
(2) Heating and concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain an extract, adding 3 times of 90-95% ethanol into the extract, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to 8.0-8.5 by using ammonia water, recovering ethanol by using a rotary evaporator, and collecting fluid extract.
(4) Adding 2 times of ethyl acetate into the fluid extract, uniformly mixing, and standing for 1-2 h; recovering ethyl acetate to form female wilting extract and retaining.
2. Preparation of amomum villosum extract
(1) Cutting YANGCHUNSHA, extracting with 10 times of 95% ethanol under reflux for 30-60min, filtering, collecting supernatant, and recovering ethanol.
(2) Adding 3 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(3) and (3) merging the supernatants obtained in the steps (1) and (2), concentrating the combined supernatant into amomum villosum extract under reduced pressure, and storing the amomum villosum extract for later use.
3. Preparing rhizoma Atractylodis extract
(1) Crushing rhizoma atractylodis, adding 5 times of 70-75% ethanol, soaking for 1.5-2 h, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the rest substances into an extract; adding 3 times of water into the extract, boiling, stirring, cooling, filtering, removing insoluble substances, retaining the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain extract.
(2) Stirring the extract with diatomaceous earth, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C to obtain granule; adding 3 times of ethyl acetate into the granular substances, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2.5-3 h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Recovering ethyl acetate from the supernatant, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 5 times of chloroform into the extract, stirring thoroughly, and collecting precipitate; recovering chloroform from the precipitate, and collecting the extract to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract.
4. Preparing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae
(1) Pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding 5 times of water, steam distilling, and collecting distillate; adding 1 time of diethyl ether into the distillate, extracting oil layer, and retaining the remaining aromatic water;
(2) carrying out secondary steam distillation on the aromatic water obtained in the step (1), adding 1 time of diethyl ether, separating an oil layer, and keeping the residual aromatic water; adding activated carbon into aromatic water, heating and boiling, removing water layer, and keeping activated carbon layer;
(3) adding petroleum ether with the same amount into the activated carbon layer, mixing well, removing the activated carbon, keeping the petroleum ether layer, recovering petroleum ether, and storing volatile oil; drying the residue, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, and storing.
5. Combining the wilfordii extract, the amomum villosum extract and the rhizoma atractylodis extract with the volatile oil prepared in the step 4, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed extract; adding powdered sugar 20% of the total amount of the extract into the mixed extract, mixing, adjusting humidity with 75% ethanol, and granulating in a granulator.
6. And (4) drying the granules prepared in the step (5) in an oven at the temperature of 55-60 ℃, sieving with a 15-20-mesh sieve, and subpackaging, wherein each bag is 50g, so that a finished product is obtained.
Example 3: the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 300g of wilting, 300g of amomum villosum, 200g of rhizoma atractylodis, 500g of radix aucklandiae, 400g of fructus aurantii and 300g of dried orange peel.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a female wilting extract:
(1) cutting twigs and leaves of the female wilting, putting into a decoction pot, adding water with the weight of 5 times of the weight of the female wilting into the decoction pot, heating and boiling for 2-3h, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; adding 3 times of water into the filtered residue, decocting for 2-3 hr, filtering to obtain supernatant, discarding the residue, and mixing the two supernatants.
(2) Heating and concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain an extract, adding 3 times of 90-95% ethanol into the extract, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to 8.0-8.5 by using ammonia water, recovering ethanol by using a rotary evaporator, and collecting fluid extract.
(4) Adding 3 times of ethyl acetate into the fluid extract, uniformly mixing, and standing for 1-2 h; recovering ethyl acetate to form female wilting extract and retaining.
2. Preparation of amomum villosum extract
(1) Cutting YANGCHUNSHA, extracting with 8 times of 95% ethanol under reflux for 30-60min, filtering, collecting supernatant, and recovering ethanol.
(2) Adding 5 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(3) and (3) merging the supernatants obtained in the steps (1) and (2), concentrating the combined supernatant into amomum villosum extract under reduced pressure, and storing the amomum villosum extract for later use.
3. Preparing rhizoma Atractylodis extract
(1) Crushing rhizoma atractylodis, adding 5 times of 70-75% ethanol, soaking for 1.5-2 h, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the rest substances into an extract; adding 3 times of water into the extract, boiling, stirring, cooling, filtering, removing insoluble substances, retaining the filtrate, and concentrating to obtain extract.
(2) Stirring the extract with diatomaceous earth, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C to obtain granule; adding 3 times of ethyl acetate into the granular substances, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2.5-3 h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant.
(3) Recovering ethyl acetate from the supernatant, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 5 times of chloroform into the extract, stirring thoroughly, and collecting precipitate; recovering chloroform from the precipitate, and collecting the extract to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract.
4. Preparing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae
(1) Pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding 8 times of water, and distilling with steam to obtain distillate; adding 1 time of diethyl ether into the distillate, extracting oil layer, and retaining the remaining aromatic water;
(2) carrying out secondary steam distillation on the aromatic water obtained in the step (1), adding 1 time of diethyl ether, separating an oil layer, and keeping the residual aromatic water; adding activated carbon into aromatic water, heating and boiling, removing water layer, and keeping activated carbon layer;
(3) adding petroleum ether with the same amount into the activated carbon layer, mixing well, removing the activated carbon, keeping the petroleum ether layer, recovering petroleum ether, and storing volatile oil; drying the residue, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, and storing.
5. Combining the wilfordii extract, the amomum villosum extract and the rhizoma atractylodis extract with the volatile oil prepared in the step 4, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed extract; adding sugar powder 10% of the total amount of the extract into the mixed extract, mixing, adjusting humidity with 75% ethanol, and granulating in a granulator.
6. And (4) drying the granules prepared in the step (5) in an oven at the temperature of 55-60 ℃, sieving with a 15-20-mesh sieve, and subpackaging, wherein each bag is 50g, so that a finished product is obtained.
Test example 1: in order to verify the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine granule, the applicant takes cattle as a test object, selects 50 adult cattle with diseases as test cattle in a certain cattle farm in Luoyang in Henan, randomly divides the test cattle into 2 groups, namely a test group and a control group, and each group has 25 cattle.
After suffering from acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant, the pH value of blood and the serum calcium concentration are obviously reduced, so that when the pH value of the blood and the serum calcium concentration are obviously reduced, the pH value of the blood of the test cattle (/ L) and the serum calcium concentration (mmol/L) are taken as indexes to judge the treatment effect of the traditional Chinese medicine particles on the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminant.
The test group feeds the traditional Chinese medicine granules with water, the control group drinks water normally, blood is collected before and after the drug administration, the pH value (/ L) of the blood and the serum calcium concentration (mmol/L) of the test cattle before and after the drug administration are measured, and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the blood pH value of the sick cattle is obviously reduced in serum calcium concentration, after the granular preparation is used, the blood pH value of the cattle in a test group is obviously increased (P is less than 0.05) compared with a control group, and the blood serum calcium concentration of the test group is obviously increased (P is less than 0.05) compared with the control group, so that the traditional Chinese medicine granules have excellent treatment effect on acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the cattle.
Test example 2: in order to further verify the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine granules, the applicant takes sheep as a test object, selects 70 adult sheep with diseases as test sheep in a certain sheep farm at the mouth of the circumference of Henan, randomly divides the test sheep into 2 groups, namely a test group and a control group, and 35 sheep groups.
The test group feeds the traditional Chinese medicine granules with water, the control group drinks water normally, blood is collected before and after the drug administration, the pH value (/ L) and the serum calcium concentration (mmol/L) of the blood of the test sheep are measured before and after the drug administration, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the blood pH value and the serum calcium concentration of the diseased sheep are remarkably reduced, after the particle preparation is used, the blood pH value test group is remarkably increased (P is less than 0.05) compared with the control group, and the serum calcium concentration test group is remarkably increased (P is less than 0.05) compared with the control group, so that the traditional Chinese medicine particles have excellent treatment effect on acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of sheep.
Clinical application effect
Specific case 1: in 6 months in 2017, in a certain beef farm in the plateau, some beef cattle have retained appetite, dead ruminants, rumen fullness, mucus flows in mouth, lying down, respiration is forced to be promoted, and mucous membranes are seen to cyanose. Acute carbohydrate hyperphagia in ruminants is diagnosed.
The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is used for drinking water twice a day, each time is 50 g/head, the next day, the symptoms of the affected cattle are relieved, the affected cattle can stand and have desire but still can not eat grass and can not ruminate, the medicine is repeatedly used for 1 day, the affected cattle can eat a small amount of grass on the third day, rumination starts, and the affected cattle can be recovered by follow-up on the fourth day.
Specific case 2: in 2018, in a certain dairy farm in the new countryside, part of the cows get ill, the affected cows cannot lie down, the whole body sweats, muscles tremble, the mouth and the nose flow white foam, the rumen is full, the standing is unstable, groaning, grinding teeth and throwing heads are performed occasionally, and the acute overfeeding of carbohydrates of the ruminants is diagnosed.
The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is used for drinking water twice a day, each time is 50 g/head, the next day, a large amount of thin excrement of the sick beefsteak starts to ruminate, a small amount of green hay is eaten, the medicine is repeatedly used for 2 days, the follow-up visit is carried out on the fourth day, and the recovery is realized.
Specific case 3: in 8 months in 2019, in a certain sheep farm at the mouth of a week, part of sheep are attacked, the appetite of the affected sheep and the rumination are abolished, the body temperature is raised, the spirit is not vibrating, the diarrhea is discharged, the salivation is caused, the abdominal distention is caused, rumen contents such as hard dough have water vibration sound, the peristaltic sound disappears, and the acute carbohydrate overeating disease of the ruminant is diagnosed.
The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is used for drinking water twice a day, each time is 30 g/sheep, and the affected sheep starts to ruminate the next day and have appetite. The medicine is repeatedly used for 1 day, and the disease is recovered after the follow-up on the 3 rd day.
Specific case 4: in 2019, in a certain Luoyang sheep farm, part of sheep develop diseases, suffer from the symptoms of the concentrate of the sheep, the sheep is dull, unwilling to walk, walking is powerless, appetite is reduced, rumination is reduced, abdominal distension is caused by deficiency, foul breath is caused, rumen peristalsis is weakened, asthma, loose stool, oliguria and the like, and the acute carbohydrate overeating disease of the ruminant is diagnosed.
The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation is used for drinking water twice a day, 30 g/sheep are taken every time, the affected sheep starts to eat the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation the next day, the medicine is repeatedly taken for 1 day, the follow-up visit is carried out on the 3 rd day, and the affected sheep is cured.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (9)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants is characterized by comprising the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of wilting, 30-40 parts of amomum villosum, 20-40 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 30-50 parts of elecampane, 20-40 parts of fructus aurantii and 30-50 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of wilting, 35 parts of amomum villosum, 30 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 40 parts of radix aucklandiae, 30 parts of fructus aurantii and 40 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae.
3. The traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the medicine application part of the female wilting is the tender branches and leaves of the female wilting.
4. A method of preparing a traditional Chinese medicine granular formulation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia in ruminants as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparation of a female wilting extract: cutting fructus Trichosanthis, decocting to obtain supernatant, heating and concentrating the supernatant to obtain crude extract, adding 90-95% ethanol to the crude extract for removing impurities to obtain fluid extract, adding ethyl acetate to the fluid extract for extraction, recovering ethyl acetate, and concentrating to obtain refined fructus Trichosanthis extract;
step two, preparing the amomum villosum extract: cutting fructus Amomi, adding ethanol, extracting under reflux, filtering, collecting supernatant, decocting the residue with water, collecting supernatant, mixing the supernatants, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain fructus Amomi extract;
step three, preparing rhizoma atractylodis extract: pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, soaking in ethanol, recovering ethanol to obtain supernatant, concentrating the supernatant into crude extract, and removing impurities to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract;
step four, preparing the volatile oil of the common vladimiria root, the bitter orange and the dried orange peel: pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding water, steam distilling, collecting distillate, adding diethyl ether into the distillate to extract oil layer, retaining aromatic water, repeatedly extracting for 2-3 times, adding activated carbon into aromatic water to remove impurities, retaining activated carbon layer, adding petroleum ether, extracting, and storing volatile oil;
step five, mixing, granulating and subpackaging: and (4) combining the wilfordii extract, the amomum villosum extract and the rhizoma atractylodis extract with the volatile oil obtained in the fourth step, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed extract, adding sugar powder, granulating, drying, sieving and subpackaging to obtain a finished product.
5. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminants according to the claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the female extractum in the step one comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the wilting, putting into a decoction pot, adding water with the weight of 5-8 times of the wilting into the decoction pot, heating and boiling, decocting for 2-3h, and filtering to obtain a supernatant; adding 3-5 times of water into the filtered residue, decocting for 2-3h, filtering to obtain supernatant, discarding residues, and mixing the two supernatants;
(2) heating and concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (1) to obtain a crude extract, adding 3-5 times of 90-95% ethanol into the crude extract, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping the supernatant;
(3) adding ammonia water into the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to adjust the pH value to 8.0-8.5, recovering ethanol by using a rotary evaporator, and collecting fluid extract;
(4) adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate into the fluid extract, uniformly mixing, and standing for 1-2 h; recovering ethyl acetate to form female wilting extract and retaining.
6. The method for preparing a Chinese medicinal granule preparation for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants according to claim 4, wherein the step two, the preparation of the amomum villosum extract, comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting herba cistanches, adding 8-10 times of 95% ethanol, extracting under reflux for 30-60min, filtering, collecting supernatant, and recovering ethanol;
(2) adding 3-5 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(3) and (3) merging the supernatants obtained in the steps (1) and (2), concentrating the combined supernatant into amomum villosum extract under reduced pressure, and storing the amomum villosum extract for later use.
7. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminants according to the claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the rhizoma atractylodis extract in the third step comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing rhizoma atractylodis, adding 5-8 times of 70-75% ethanol, soaking for 1.5-2 h, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the rest substances into an extract; adding 3-5 times of water into the extract, heating to boil, stirring, cooling, filtering, removing insoluble substances, retaining the filtrate, and concentrating into extract;
(2) stirring the extract with diatomaceous earth, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C to obtain granule; adding 2-3 times of ethyl acetate into the granular substances, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2.5-3 h, removing insoluble substances, and keeping supernatant;
(3) recovering ethyl acetate from the supernatant, and concentrating to obtain extract; adding 3-5 times of chloroform into the extract, stirring thoroughly, and collecting precipitate; recovering chloroform from the precipitate, and collecting the extract to obtain rhizoma Atractylodis extract.
8. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine granular preparation for treating the acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of the ruminants according to the claim 4, characterized in that the preparation of the volatile oil of the common aucklandia root, the bitter orange and the dried orange peel in the step of the preparation comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing radix aucklandiae, fructus Aurantii, and pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, adding 5-8 times of water, steam distilling, and collecting distillate; adding 1 time of diethyl ether into the distillate, extracting oil layer, and retaining the remaining aromatic water;
(2) performing secondary steam distillation on the aromatic water obtained in the step (1), adding 1 time of diethyl ether, separating an oil layer, and keeping the residual aromatic water; adding activated carbon into aromatic water, heating and boiling, removing water layer, and keeping activated carbon layer;
(3) adding petroleum ether into the activated carbon layer, mixing, removing activated carbon, retaining petroleum ether layer, recovering petroleum ether, and storing volatile oil.
9. The method for preparing a Chinese medicinal granule for treating acute carbohydrate hyperphagia of ruminants according to claim 4, wherein the sugar powder is added in an amount of 10-20% of the mixed extract.
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| CN112138117A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Chinese medicinal effervescent granule for treating ruminant toxemia of pregnancy and preparation process thereof |
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| 王建国: "加味平胃散治疗牛羊瘤胃酸中毒", 《中兽医医药杂志》 * |
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| CN112138117A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Chinese medicinal effervescent granule for treating ruminant toxemia of pregnancy and preparation process thereof |
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