CN111443185A

CN111443185A - Adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulator

Info

Publication number: CN111443185A
Application number: CN202010394020.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程洋; 王永; 杨妍妨
Original assignee: Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
Current assignee: Institute of Karst Geology of CAGS
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2020-05-11
Publication date: 2020-07-24

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device which comprises a simulation box, an objective table and a precipitation simulation device, wherein the objective table is arranged on the simulation box; the simulation box is placed on the objective table, and the precipitation simulation device is positioned above the simulation box; a simulated vegetation buffer layer, a simulated rock-soil layer and a permeable layer are sequentially arranged in the simulation box from top to bottom; the simulated vegetation buffer layers are distributed above the simulated rock-soil layer sporadically; a gradient regulator is also arranged below the permeable layer; the lower wall of the simulation box is provided with a plurality of water collecting pipes; a plurality of water collecting barrels are arranged in the objective table; every the water collecting bucket upper end all is provided with the funnel that catchments, every it is corresponding to be located one to catchment the funnel under the collector pipe. The simulation device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, time and labor conservation, convenience, rapidness and low cost, and can clearly and accurately show the environmental condition difference of the special earth surface and underground binary structure in the karst environment.

Description

Adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection simulation equipment, in particular to an adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device.

Background

Soil and water loss refers to the whole process of soil erosion, transportation and sedimentation under the action of water flow. In the natural state, the processes of landmark erosion, which are purely caused by natural factors, are very slow, often in relative equilibrium with the processes of soil formation. The slope can thus remain finished. This erosion is known as natural erosion and also as geological erosion. Under the influence of human activities, particularly after human seriously damages the vegetation of sloping fields, the loss process is accelerated due to the damage of surface soil and the movement of land substances caused by natural factors, namely, water and soil loss occurs. It can cause reservoir siltation, river bed elevation, navigation capacity reduction, flood and disaster.

With the progress of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration work, the water and soil leakage process of karst regions becomes the focus of attention of many researchers, the national high importance is obtained, and how to scientifically and accurately simulate the water and soil leakage process of karst regions is a key problem which needs attention in the global geography world. At present, the research on water and soil loss in karst regions mainly focuses on water and soil loss on the surface of the earth, and the research is carried out by methods such as field observation, isotope tracing and the like. The difficulty coefficient of direct observation of underground leakage in the karst region is large, and a feasible research method and a simulation device are not available at present. Therefore, the water and soil leakage mechanism research is developed according to the complexity of the binary structure in the karst region, and an ecological resistance control system is constructed, so that the rock desertification control engineering and the ecological environment construction are urgent needs of China.

Therefore, how to provide an adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device which has a simple structure, is time-saving and labor-saving, is convenient and quick, has low cost, and can clearly and accurately show the environmental condition difference of the special ground surface and underground binary structure in the karst ground environment is a problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides an adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device comprises a simulation box, an objective table and a precipitation simulation device; the simulation box is placed on the objective table, and the precipitation simulation device is positioned above the simulation box; a simulated vegetation buffer layer, a simulated rock-soil layer and a permeable layer are sequentially arranged in the simulation box from top to bottom; the simulated vegetation buffer layers are distributed above the simulated rock-soil layer sporadically; a gradient regulator is also arranged below the permeable layer; the lower wall of the simulation box is provided with a plurality of water collecting pipes;

correspondingly, a plurality of water collecting barrels are arranged in the objective table; every the water collecting bucket upper end all is provided with the funnel that catchments, every the funnel that catchments is corresponding to be located one under the collector pipe, and every the last port of funnel that catchments with every the lower port looks adaptation of collector pipe.

Preferably, the permeable layer is movably mounted on the inner wall of the simulation box, the permeable layers are arranged in a plurality, and the simulation crack degree of each permeable layer is 10-12%.

Preferably, the number of the permeable layers is 2, the simulated fissure degrees of the 2 permeable layers are respectively 10% and 12%, and the permeable layers are used for simulating 10% and 12% fissure degrees.

Preferably, the permeable layer is of a two-layer structure, cracks are formed in the two layers, and the crack degree is controlled in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the simulation case is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom and the open square cone structure in top, just simulation case four walls set up to transparent material.

Preferably, the bottom plate of simulation case with collector pipe fixed connection department sets up to the hole of permeating water, the simulation case pass through the hole of permeating water with the collector pipe intercommunication.

Preferably, the precipitation simulation device is a spray header.

Preferably, the simulation device further comprises a plurality of detectors, and the detectors are arranged inside the simulation box.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the device has the advantages of simple structure, time and labor saving, convenience, rapidness and low cost, and can clearly and accurately show the environmental condition difference of the special earth surface and underground binary structure in the karst environment. The invention overcomes the defect of difficult monitoring of soil leakage in karst areas, and a plurality of permeable layers are arranged in layers so as to achieve the simulation observation of water and soil leakage; and because the adjustable structure that the invention possesses, the application range no longer is restricted to the dead plate simulation under the fixed condition numerical value, can carry on the flexible adaptability simulation to the different environmental conditions in the natural environment according to the needs of the researchers. On one hand, the comparison research is convenient, and on the other hand, the device can be used for multiple purposes, so that the unnecessary cost in the traditional simulation is reduced. The water sample collected by the water collecting barrel can be used for measuring physical and chemical indexes of soil, and the sediment content collected in the water can reflect the water and soil leakage condition after rainfall, so that the method has important significance for ecological restoration and water and soil conservation in a certain area. Moreover, the vegetation buffer layer, the exposed rock-soil layer and the permeable layer of the device can be made of materials which can be taken anywhere and recycled, and the device has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, portability, durability, high bearing capacity and durability and difficult damage. The invention can be moved indoors and outdoors for use according to requirements, can be placed randomly according to requirements, and is flexible and convenient to use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable karst underground water and soil loss simulation device according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a simulation box; 11. simulating a vegetation buffer layer; 12. simulating a rock-soil layer; 13. a water permeable layer; 14. a water collection pipe; 15. water permeable holes; 2. an object stage; 21. a water collection barrel; 22. a water collection funnel; 3. a grade adjuster; 4. and (7) detecting the instrument.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, the adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device comprises a simulation box 1, an object stage 2, a spray header, a gradient regulator 3 and a plurality of detectors 4; the simulation box 1 is placed on the objective table 2, and the spray header is positioned above the simulation box 1; the detector 4 is arranged inside the simulation tank 1. A simulated vegetation buffer layer 11, a simulated rock-soil layer 12 and a permeable layer 13 are sequentially arranged in the simulation box 1 from top to bottom; the simulated vegetation buffer layers 11 are distributed above the simulated rock-soil layer 12 in a scattered manner; a gradient regulator 3 is also arranged below the permeable layer 13; the lower wall of the simulation box 1 is provided with a plurality of water collecting pipes 14; correspondingly, a plurality of water collecting barrels 21 are arranged in the object stage 2; the upper end of each water collecting bucket 21 is provided with a water collecting funnel 22, each water collecting funnel 22 is correspondingly positioned right below one water collecting pipe 14, and the upper end opening of each water collecting funnel 22 is matched with the lower end opening of each water collecting pipe 14.

In some embodiments, the permeable layers 13 are movably mounted on the inner wall of the simulation box 1, the permeable layers 13 are arranged in a plurality, and the simulation crack degree of each permeable layer 13 is between 10-12%.

In some embodiments, the number of the water permeable layers 13 is 2, and the simulated fissure degrees of the 2 water permeable layers 13 are 10% and 12%, respectively, for simulating 10% and 12% fissure degrees.

In some embodiments, the permeable layer 13 has a two-layer structure, and both layers have cracks therein, and the crack degree control is performed by means of dislocation.

In some embodiments, the simulation box 1 has a square cone structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, and the top end of the square cone structure is open, and the walls of the simulation box 1 are made of transparent materials.

In some embodiments, the fixed connection between the bottom plate of the simulation tank 1 and the water collecting pipe 14 is provided with water permeable holes 15, and the simulation tank 1 is communicated with the water collecting pipe 14 through the water permeable holes 15.

In other embodiments, the vegetation buffer layer 11, the simulated rock-soil layer 12 and the permeable layer 13 can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual simulated scene to determine parameters such as filler and thickness.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device is characterized by comprising a simulation box (1), an objective table (2) and a precipitation simulation device; the simulation box (1) is placed on the objective table (2), and the precipitation simulation device is positioned above the simulation box (1);

a simulated vegetation buffer layer (11), a simulated rock-soil layer (12) and a permeable layer (13) are sequentially arranged in the simulation box (1) from top to bottom; the simulated vegetation buffer layers (11) are distributed above the simulated rock-soil layer (12) in a scattered manner; a gradient regulator (3) is also arranged below the permeable layer (13); the lower wall of the simulation box (1) is provided with a plurality of water collecting pipes (14);

correspondingly, a plurality of water collecting barrels (21) are arranged in the objective table (2); every sump pit (21) upper end all is provided with collection funnel (22), every collection funnel (22) corresponding being located one under collector pipe (14), and every the last port of collection funnel (22) and every the lower port looks adaptation of collector pipe (14).

2. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water leakage simulation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permeable layer (13) is movably mounted on the inner wall of the simulation box (1), the permeable layer (13) is provided in a plurality, and the simulated crack degree of each permeable layer (13) is 10-12%.

3. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water leakage simulation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the permeable layers (13) is 2, and the simulated fissure degrees of the 2 permeable layers (13) are respectively 10% and 12% for simulating 10% and 12% fissure degrees.

4. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water leakage simulation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permeable layer (13) is of a two-layer structure, and the two layers are provided with cracks, and the crack degree is controlled in a dislocation mode.

5. The adjustable karst underground water and soil leakage simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the simulation box (1) is a square cone structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom and an open top, and four walls of the simulation box (1) are made of transparent materials.

6. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water leakage simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a water permeable hole (15) is formed at a fixed connection position of a bottom plate of the simulation tank (1) and the water collecting pipe (14), and the simulation tank (1) is communicated with the water collecting pipe (14) through the water permeable hole (15).

7. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water loss simulation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitation simulation device is a shower head.

8. The adjustable karst groundwater soil and water loss simulation device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the device further comprises a plurality of detectors, and the detectors (4) are arranged inside the simulation box (1).