CN111437558A - Water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-30 parts of core raw material, 5-7 parts of ammonium carbonate modified by octoxynol, 2-6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent and 40-60 parts of aqueous solvent; the core raw material is one or more of bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, chemically modified mica, chemically modified graphite and phosphorus. After encountering fire, the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate releases carbon dioxide, ammonia or other molecules and the like due to thermal decomposition, and the molecules have an inhibiting effect on flame to promote fire extinguishing; the non-metallic mineral particles such as mica and graphite have stable molecular structure, high molecular heat stability, can not burn and can not support burning, air can be isolated, burning suffocation is caused, free radicals are quenched, a burning reaction chain is interrupted, and burning flame is rapidly extinguished.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire fighting, in particular to a water-based multiphase system fire fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A multiphase system composed of a solid phase, a water phase, an oil phase and other polar nonpolar phases or even amphiphilic phases plays an important role in research and production in chemical engineering, and the multiphase system is adopted in patent application numbers 201310567546.0 and 201280039234.6. The patent with the patent application number of CN2013105675460 adopts a method for preparing 5-bromomethyl furfural by a one-step multiphase system, and the multiphase system is applied to the field of chemical raw material synthesis; patent application No. CN2012800392346 uses a polyolefin composition comprising a heterophasic propylene copolymer and Polyethylene (PE) for improving the physicochemical activity of its surface, etc.
Multiphase systems are also useful in the fire fighting field. The fire disaster in the winery is mainly caused by the combustion of alcohol (including raw wine and finished wine). Because the ethanol content in the wine is generally between 35 and 70 percent, the storage capacity of the container is large, and a large amount of ethanol vapor volatilizes. Meanwhile, the interior of the warehouse is kept at a certain temperature and humidity, the ventilation is poor, and after the flammable critical concentration is reached, the fire disaster is easy to happen. For many years, winery fires have sometimes occurred.
Because alcohol is a polar combustible molecule and the flame temperature exceeds 1000 ℃, which is higher than that of other common types of fires, the fire extinguishing agents commonly used, such as dry powder fire extinguishing agents and foam extinguishing agents are difficult to extinguish the fire caused by alcohol, and even the water-soluble film-forming foam extinguishing agents have low efficiency of extinguishing the alcohol fire and are not enough to cope with large-scale and flowing alcohol fires. The invention provides a novel fire extinguishing agent which can extinguish alcohol open fire in a short time, quickly reduce the temperature and prevent reignition after the open fire is extinguished.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention is directed to: provides a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-30 parts of core raw material, 5-7 parts of ammonium carbonate modified by octoxynol, 2-6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent and 40-60 parts of hydrosolvent; the core raw material is one or more of bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, chemically modified mica, chemically modified graphite and phosphorus.
After encountering fire, the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate releases carbon dioxide, ammonia or other molecules and the like due to thermal decomposition, and the molecules have an inhibiting effect on flame to promote fire extinguishing; nonmetal mineral particles such as mica and graphite have stable molecular structures, high molecular heat stability, can not burn and can not support burning, air can be isolated, burning suffocation is caused, a certain amount of oxygen can be consumed by burning a small amount of phosphorus, free radicals can be quenched after oxidation, a burning reaction chain is interrupted, and burning flame can be rapidly extinguished. On the other hand, mica and graphite molecules have stable structures, the characteristics of high temperature resistance and strong acid and alkali resistance, good dispersion and suspension properties in a solvent and viscosity, and can well float on the surface of burning alcohol after being heated, thereby playing the role of isolating flame from air again. In the preparation, the invention uses a dispersant (0.2-0.4% (w/w)), such as basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane), and a dispersing aid, such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkylbenzene sulfonate).
Preferably, the water-based heterogeneous system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 0.3-9 parts of bentonite, 1-10 parts of chemically modified mica, 0.5-6 parts of chemically modified graphite, 0.3-5 parts of phosphorus, 5-7 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 2-6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing aid, 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent and 40-60 parts of water solvent.
Preferably, the particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes. Has more excellent dispersing performance, and the more preferable scheme is a finished product microparticle material with 300 meshes. The technical problems of complex structure, poor separation effect, serious dust and the like in the prior art are solved, and the price of the finished product is lower.
The invention carries out necessary modification on the raw materials for achieving the purposes of good and stable dispersion. Modifications include both physical and chemical modifications. In the aspect of physical modification, the invention adopts ultrasonic and surface deposition treatment. The ultrasonic treatment requires low-frequency ultrasonic waves, can clean pollutants on the surface of the raw material and a fine mud layer adhered to particles, and can reduce the surface tension of the raw material. The surface deposition method mainly aims to form a layer of deposit on the surface of the particle to wrap the surface of the particle, so that the prepared suspension is uniform and stable. The chemical modification is mainly to use organic functional groups to perform specific chemical reaction on the surface of the particle powder to complete the modification treatment of the surface of the raw material. Coupling agents, hydroxy acid functionalized polymers, are useful in the modified materials of the present invention.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: taking 0.3g of octoxynol, adding 80-120ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, heating to dissolve, respectively adding 20-40g of ammonium carbonate, stirring for 20-40min, soaking for 8-16h, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder ═ (0.4-0.8): (0.2-0.6): (1-1.4), adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (with carbon content of 85-96%) into main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of (5-7.5):1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount of 6-7% of that of the graphite after 20-30min, intermittently stirring for 20-30min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount of 5-6% of that of the graphite, intermittently stirring for 2-10h, removing acid liquor by suction filtration, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and performing low-temperature vacuum drying to finish modification.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: and (2) taking 40-60 parts of deionized water, adding 2-6 parts of dispersing agent and 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 10-30min, adding 5-7 parts of octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate, 2-30 parts of core raw material and 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 10-30min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring is 1000-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) after encountering fire, the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate releases carbon dioxide, ammonia or other molecules and the like due to thermal decomposition, and the molecules have an inhibiting effect on flame to promote fire extinguishing; nonmetal mineral particles such as mica and graphite have stable molecular structure, high molecular thermal stability, can not burn and can not support burning, can isolate air, cause burning suffocation, quench free radicals and interrupt a burning reaction chain, so that burning flame is quickly extinguished. On the other hand, mica and graphite molecules have stable structures, have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and strong acid and alkali resistance, have good dispersion and suspension properties in a solvent and viscosity, can well float on the surface of burning alcohol after being heated, and play a role in isolating flame from air again;
2) the water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire provided by the invention has stable physical and chemical properties and no harm to animals;
3) compared with the traditional fire extinguishing agent (foam fire extinguisher, dry powder fire extinguishing agent and CO)2Fire extinguishing agent), the dosage and the fire extinguishing time of the invention are obviously superior to those of the traditional foam extinguishing agent, and the invention does not re-fire;
4) the multi-phase system suspension prepared by the invention can be stored in a single container or a common fire-fighting container of the invention; the prepared multiphase system has stable storage time of more than 36 months at room temperature, and can be stored and transported at room temperature for a long time.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A water-based multiphase fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 0.3 part of bentonite, 1 part of chemically modified mica, 0.5 part of chemically modified graphite, 0.3 part of phosphorus, 5 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 2 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.1 part of a dispersing aid, 0.03 part of an antibacterial agent and 40 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: 0.3g of octoxynol is taken, 80ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated and dissolved, 20g of ammonium carbonate is added respectively, the mixture is stirred for 20min, the soaking is carried out for 8h, the filtering and the low-temperature drying are carried out, and the modification is finished.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.4: 0.2: 1, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (the carbon content is 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 5:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount of 6% of the graphite amount after 20min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount of 5% of the graphite amount after intermittent stirring for 20min, intermittently stirring for 2h, filtering to remove an acid solution, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and drying in vacuum at a low temperature to finish the modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 40 parts of deionized water, adding 2 parts of dispersing agent and 0.1 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 10min, adding 5 parts of octoxynol-modified ammonium carbonate, 0.3 part of bentonite, 1 part of chemically modified mica, 0.5 part of chemically modified graphite, 0.3 part of phosphorus and 0.03 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 10min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 2
A water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 1.3 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of chemically modified mica, 1.5 parts of chemically modified graphite, 0.6 part of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 3 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.2 part of a dispersing aid, 0.03 part of an antibacterial agent and 45 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate).
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: 0.3g of octoxynol is taken, 90ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, heating and dissolving are carried out, 25g of ammonium carbonate is added respectively, stirring is carried out for 25min, soaking is carried out for 10h, filtering is carried out, and low-temperature drying is carried out, thus finishing the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.5: 0.3: 1.1, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (the carbon content is 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 5.5:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount being 6% of the graphite amount after 25min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount being 5% of the graphite amount after intermittently stirring for 25min, intermittently stirring for 3h, filtering to remove acid liquor, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and performing low-temperature vacuum drying to finish modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 45 parts of deionized water, adding 3 parts of dispersing agent and 0.2 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 15min, adding 1.3 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of chemically modified mica, 1.5 parts of chemically modified graphite and 0.6 part of phosphorus, physically modifying 6 parts of ammonium carbonate and 0.03 part of antibacterial agent by using octoxynol, and stirring for 15min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 3
A water-based multiphase fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 3 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of chemically modified mica, 2.5 parts of chemically modified graphite, 3 parts of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.3 part of a dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.05 part of an antibacterial agent and 50 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: 0.3g of octoxynol is taken, 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated and dissolved, 30g of ammonium carbonate is added respectively, the mixture is stirred for 30min, the soaking time is 10h, the filtering is carried out, and the low-temperature drying is carried out, thus finishing the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.6: 0.4: 1.2, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (the carbon content is 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 6.5:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount of 6% of the graphite amount after 25min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount of 5% of the graphite amount after intermittently stirring for 25min, intermittently stirring for 6h, carrying out suction filtration to remove the acid solution, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and carrying out low-temperature vacuum drying to finish the modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 50 parts of deionized water, adding 4 parts of dispersing agent and 0.3 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 20min, adding 3 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of chemically modified mica, 2.5 parts of chemically modified graphite and 3 parts of phosphorus, physically modifying 6 parts of ammonium carbonate and 0.05 part of antibacterial agent by using octoxynol, and stirring for 20min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 4
A water-based multiphase fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of chemically modified mica, 3 parts of chemically modified graphite, 3.5 parts of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.4 part of a dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.06 part of an antibacterial agent and 55 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: taking 0.3g of octoxynol, adding 110ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, heating to dissolve, respectively adding 30g of ammonium carbonate, stirring for 30min, soaking for 14h, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.7: 0.5: 1.3, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (the carbon content is 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 6.5:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount of 6% of the graphite amount after 20min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount of 5% of the graphite amount after intermittent stirring for 20min, intermittently stirring for 8h, filtering to remove acid liquor, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and performing low-temperature vacuum drying to finish modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 55 parts of deionized water, adding 4 parts of dispersing agent and 0.4 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 20min, adding 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of chemically modified mica, 3 parts of chemically modified graphite and 3.5 parts of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol and 0.06 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 20min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 5
A water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 6 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of chemically modified mica, 4 parts of chemically modified graphite, 4 parts of phosphorus, 7 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 4 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.3 part of a dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.07 part of an antibacterial agent and 55 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: taking 0.3g of octoxynol, adding 110ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, heating to dissolve, respectively adding 35g of ammonium carbonate, stirring for 30min, soaking for 12h, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.7: 0.5: 1.2, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (with carbon content of 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 7:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the dosage of 7% of that of the graphite after 30min, adding ferric trichloride with the dosage of 6% of that of the graphite after intermittent stirring for 30min, intermittently stirring for 10h, removing acid liquid by suction filtration, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and drying in vacuum at low temperature to finish the modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 55 parts of deionized water, adding 0.3 part of dispersing aid and 0.07 part of antibacterial agent, fully stirring for 30min, adding 6 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of chemically modified mica, 4 parts of chemically modified graphite and 4 parts of phosphorus, 7 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol and 0.07 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 30min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 6
A water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 7 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of chemically modified mica, 5 parts of chemically modified graphite, 4.5 parts of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 5 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5 part of a dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.08 part of an antibacterial agent and 60 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: taking 0.3g of octoxynol, adding 110ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, heating to dissolve, respectively adding 35g of ammonium carbonate, stirring for 35min, soaking for 14h, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.7: 0.5: 1.4, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (with carbon content of 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 7:1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the dosage of 7% of that of the graphite after 30min, adding ferric trichloride with the dosage of 6% of that of the graphite after intermittent stirring for 30min, intermittently stirring for 10h, removing acid liquid by suction filtration, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and drying in vacuum at low temperature to finish the modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 60 parts of deionized water, adding 5 parts of dispersing agent and 0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 30min, adding 7 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of chemically modified mica, 5 parts of chemically modified graphite, 4.5 parts of phosphorus, 6 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol and 0.08 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 30min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
Example 7
A water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises 9 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of chemically modified mica, 6 parts of chemically modified graphite, 5 parts of phosphorus, 7 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 6 parts of a dispersing agent, 0.5 part of a dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.08 part of an antibacterial agent and 60 parts of a water solvent.
The invention uses a dispersant such as a basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane) and a dispersing aid such as a basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkyl phenol ethoxylate alkyl benzene sulfonate). The particle size of the core raw material is 200-800 meshes.
The concrete modification steps of the octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate are as follows: 0.3g of octoxynol is taken, 120ml of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, heating and dissolving are carried out, 40g of ammonium carbonate is added respectively, stirring is carried out for 40min, soaking is carried out for 16h, filtering is carried out, and low-temperature drying is carried out, thus finishing modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified mica are as follows: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder 0.8: 0.6: 1.4, adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
The specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (the carbon content is 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a volume ratio of 7.5:1, uniformly stirring, adding 7% of potassium permanganate in an amount of 7% of the graphite amount after 30min, adding 6% of ferric trichloride in an amount of 6% of the graphite amount after intermittent stirring for 30min, intermittently stirring for 10h, carrying out suction filtration to remove the acid solution, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and carrying out low-temperature vacuum drying to finish modification.
The mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
A preparation method of a water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire comprises the following steps: taking 60 parts of deionized water, adding 6 parts of dispersing agent and 0.5 part of dispersing aid, fully stirring for 30min, adding 9 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of chemically modified mica, 6 parts of chemically modified graphite and 5 parts of phosphorus, physically modifying 7 parts of ammonium carbonate and 0.08 part of antibacterial agent by using octoxynol, and stirring for 30min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent. The rotating speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
The prepared suspension of the multiphase system can be stored after preparation using a special plastic-type container or using a common disposable container. The prepared multi-phase system is stable for storage periods of preferably more than 6 months, more preferably more than 12 months, even more preferably more than 24 months, most preferably more than 36 months at room temperature.
The fire-fighting container is filled with inert nitrogen, the pressure can be between 1.2 and 1.4MPa, and higher air pressure can also be used, so that the container can bear higher air pressure and does not influence the operation and use during fire fighting.
The reservoir may also be a tank with a pump or pressurized gas source, provided that the tank determines that the fire suppressant can be manually or automatically dispensed through a hose or wand, or directly from the tank, to the area of the fire and surrounding area in rapid response to the fire. The fire fighting container material may be made of metal, polymer, carbon fiber, glass or any suitable material. These types of containers include: 1) portable fire extinguisher: preferably 1 to 30 kg capacity; 2) a cart-type fire extinguisher, preferably a 20 to 300 kg capacity fire extinguisher; 3) a large fire-fighting tank mounted on the fire-fighting truck; 4) fixed storage tank and injection apparatus: fixed point fixed mounting is in the energy storage workshop, oil hazardous articles warehouse, presses close to the specific facility in conflagration danger area.
After the alcohol fire extinguishing agent is prepared, the invention carries out experimental tests according to national mandatory standards such as foam fire extinguishing agent standard (GB15308-2006), water-series fire extinguishing agent (GB17835-2008) and portable water-based fire extinguisher general technical conditions (GB 4351-1997).
Experimental example 1
The environmental protection performance of the fire extinguishing agent is implemented according to the requirements of water system fire extinguishing agent (GB 17835-2008).
In order to test the environmental protection performance of the prepared alcohol fire extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing agent is put into a glass bottle, water is added, and the weight ratio of the fire extinguishing agent to the water is as follows: taking 10 branches of the better scindapsus aureus with water ratio of 1:100, culturing in a glass bottle, and obtaining the better scindapsus aureus after 2 months. Preparing mixed liquor according to the national standard proportion, pouring 12 ml of the mixed liquor into a beaker, and diluting the mixed liquor to 2000 ml by using standard dilution water. Putting 10 healthy zebra fishes, and culturing for 96h at the ambient temperature of (23 +/-2) DEG C, wherein 1 fish dies, the death rate is 10%, and the zebra fishes are qualified.
Experimental example 2
The fire extinguisher of 6L, a spray nozzle, a spray pipe and a pressure gauge are used for filling according to the filling requirement of the water-based fire extinguishing agent, the time for testing and spraying the prepared fire extinguishing agent is about 20-25 seconds, the spraying is smooth, and no blockage occurs.
Experimental example 3
A30 x58cm (high x diameter) stainless steel basin was used, 5kg of 99% industrial alcohol was poured, and after 10 seconds of ignition, the fire was extinguished with a non-alcohol-resistant extinguishing agent, and the flame could not be extinguished.
The invention uses 9 kg fire fighting device, adds 5kg 99% alcohol into oil pan with diameter of 58cm, ignites, tests the fire fighting agent prepared for several times to put out alcohol fire, as follows:
table 1. repeat the test of the performance of the fire extinguishing agent prepared to extinguish alcohol fire.
Experimental example 4
A9 kg fire extinguisher filled with the prepared fire extinguishing agent and the dry powder or foam extinguishing agent respectively is adopted, 2kg and 6.5kg of 99 percent industrial alcohol are added into oil discs with the diameters of 58cm and 120cm respectively, the fire extinguishing agent is ignited and tested for a plurality of times to prepare the fire extinguishing agent, and the performances of the three fire extinguishing agents on extinguishing burning alcohol are compared, wherein the data are as follows:
TABLE 2 comparative results of fire extinguishing agents prepared according to the present invention with dry powder and foam agents
From the results in Table 2 above, the fire extinguishing agents prepared according to the test method of the present invention are significantly superior to conventional foam fire extinguishing agents in terms of the amount and time of fire extinguishing, but are weaker than ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agents. However, due to operational reasons, after extinguishing with ultrafine dry powders, re-ignition may occur. In addition, the fire extinguishing agent is environment-friendly compared with superfine dry powder.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol open fire is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-30 parts of core raw material, 5-7 parts of ammonium carbonate modified by octoxynol, 2-6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent and 40-60 parts of aqueous solvent; the core raw material is one or more of bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, chemically modified mica, chemically modified graphite and phosphorus.
2. The water-based heterogeneous system fire extinguishing agent for rapidly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent comprises 0.3-9 parts of bentonite, 1-10 parts of chemically modified mica, 0.5-6 parts of chemically modified graphite, 0.3-5 parts of phosphorus, 5-7 parts of ammonium carbonate physically modified by octoxynol, 2-6 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing aid, 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent and 40-60 parts of water solvent.
3. The water-based multiphase fire extinguisher for rapidly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the core material is 200-800 meshes.
4. The water-based multiphase fire extinguisher for rapidly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 1, wherein the octoxynol-modified ammonium carbonate is modified by the following specific modification steps: taking 0.3g of octoxynol, adding 80-120ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, heating to dissolve, respectively adding 20-40g of ammonium carbonate, stirring for 20-40min, soaking for 8-16h, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
5. The water-based multiphase fire extinguisher for rapidly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 1, wherein the chemically modified mica is prepared by the following specific modification steps: sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio: potassium nitrate: mica powder ═ (0.4-0.8): (0.2-0.6): (1-1.4), adding potassium nitrate and mica powder, electrically stirring, adding sodium carbonate, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at low temperature to finish the modification.
6. The water-based multiphase system fire extinguisher for rapidly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 1, wherein the specific modification steps of the chemically modified graphite are as follows: putting graphite (with carbon content of 85-96%) into a main acidizing fluid prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid according to a volume ratio of (5-7.5):1, uniformly stirring, adding potassium permanganate with the amount of 6-7% of that of the graphite after 20-30min, intermittently stirring for 20-30min, adding ferric trichloride with the amount of 5-6% of that of the graphite, intermittently stirring for 2-10h, carrying out suction filtration to remove acid liquid, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, and carrying out low-temperature vacuum drying to finish modification.
7. The fire extinguishing agent for quickly extinguishing alcohol fire according to claim 6, wherein the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 90-98%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 50-65%.
8. The preparation method of the water-based multiphase system fire-fighting agent for rapidly extinguishing alcohol open fire according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (2) taking 40-60 parts of deionized water, adding 2-6 parts of dispersing agent and 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, fully stirring for 10-30min, adding 5-7 parts of octoxynol modified ammonium carbonate, 2-30 parts of core raw material and 0.03-0.08 part of antibacterial agent, and stirring for 10-30min again to obtain the water-based mixed system fire-fighting agent.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring is 1000-2500 rmp.
10. A fire fighting device for quickly extinguishing alcohol fire characterized by comprising the water-based heterogeneous system fire fighting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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