CN111514509B - Water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of a lithium battery and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of fire fighting and comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of raw material powder, 2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2-0.3 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1-0.3 part of bentonite regulator, 0.5-1 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.03-0.08 part of preservative, trihydroxymethyl aminomethane, HCl solution, pH value is adjusted to 8.0-8.5, and deionized water is added, wherein the total amount is 100 parts (by weight); the raw material powder is one or more of mineral powder, graphite powder and wrapped bicarbonate powder. The coated bicarbonate powder is heated and decomposed after encountering fire, releases carbon dioxide and promotes fire extinguishing. The raw material powder such as vermiculite and graphite has stable structure, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and strong acid and alkali resistance, can realize the adhesion effect on the ignition surface and the isolation effect on flame, and avoids re-combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fire fighting, and particularly relates to a water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of a lithium battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electric vehicles are a strategic emerging industry which is mainly cultivated in China, but a series of fire accidents are frequent in the application and popularization process. The investigation shows that the electric automobile fire is mostly related to thermal runaway of an on-vehicle power lithium battery, and the thermal runaway causes electrolyte combustion. The lithium battery has high combustion temperature and high combustion speed in combustion, different systems of batteries have large combustion difference, a large amount of toxic and harmful smoke is generated, the risk of explosion exists, the caused fire is difficult to put out a fire and the like, and great challenges are brought to fire extinguishing and rescue. Currently, some fire extinguishing agents, such as water, inert gases, halon, etc., have some inhibitory effect on this combustion. These types of fire extinguishing agents are capable of cooling, choking and suppressing flame to some extent, but cannot really extinguish the lithium battery fire, even if the fire is extinguished, rapid reignition occurs, resulting in the possibility of the fire being out of control again. Due to the presence of large-format cell-related batteries, the thermal runaway reaction of the cascaded cells may last for a long time, and the currently common fire extinguishing agents are not a good choice.
Therefore, a new technical approach must be selected to effectively cope with lithium battery fire and promote the smooth development of the emerging industry of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problem that the fire extinguishing agents such as water, inert gas, halon and the like can extinguish lithium electric fire but have quick reignition to cause the fire to be out of control again, the invention provides the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery and the preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following components in parts by weight: adding 10-40 parts of raw material powder, 2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2-0.3 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1-0.3 part of bentonite regulator, 0.5-1 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.03-0.08 part of preservative, and regulating the pH value to 8.0-8.5 by using HCl solution, wherein the total amount is 100 parts (by weight); the raw material powder is one or more of magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder and coated bicarbonate powder.
After the coated bicarbonate powder meets fire, the molecules have an inhibiting effect on flame due to the fact that carbon dioxide and the like are released by thermal decomposition, and fire extinguishment is promoted; the nonmetal mineral particles such as vermiculite and graphite have stable molecular structures, have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and strong acid and alkali resistance, and can realize the adhesion effect on the fire surface and the isolation effect on flame under the action of a system.
The dispersant (2-5% (w/w)) used in the present invention, such as basf-kevlar 4009 (modified polyurethane), a dispersion aid (0.2-0.5% (w/w)), such as basf wetting agent CF10 (sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate alkylbenzene sulfonate) or other dispersants and aids, a polyamide wax modifier (0.2-0.3% (w/w)), a bentonite modifier (0.1-0.3% (w/w)), a thixotropic thickener (0.5-1% (w/w)), and a preservative (0.03-0.08% (w/w)), such as sodium diacetate, etc.
The polyamide wax regulator and the bentonite regulator mainly form a strong network structure in a system to regulate steric hindrance, and the thixotropic thickener mainly increases the stability and the adhesiveness of the system to realize the isolation effect on flame and quickly extinguish fire.
Preferably, the active modification group in the chemically modified graphite powder is one or more of a sulfonic acid group, a stearate group, a sulfate group and a nitrate group.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of raw material powder, 3 parts of dispersing agent, 0.3 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.2 part of bentonite regulator, 0.8 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.05 part of preservative, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, adjusting the pH of HCl solution to 8.0-8.5, and adding 100 parts by weight of deionized water, wherein the raw material powder is prepared from magnesium-iron-aluminosilicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminosilicate (montmorillonite) powder and coated bicarbonate powder, and the weight ratio of the raw material powder to the total weight of the raw material powder is 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation.
Preferably, the particle size of the raw material powder is 100-2000 meshes.
In order to achieve the purpose of good and stable dispersion, the bicarbonate powder raw material is subjected to necessary sealing and wrapping treatment, and the main purpose is to change the stability and solubility of the material in water, so that the stability of a system is not damaged in the process of storing the fire extinguishing agent, and meanwhile, the quick action of the material is not hindered in the fire extinguishing process.
Preferably, the preparation method of the sealed bicarbonate powder comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of (1.2-2.8): 1: (0.1-0.5) preparing an epoxy resin E51, a sulfhydryl ester curing agent and a dichloromethane mixed solvent, adding 800-1200 g of bicarbonate powder into every 150g of mixed solvent, heating at 30-60 ℃ for 10-50 minutes, evaporating the solvent, cooling the recovered bicarbonate powder, and adding the bicarbonate powder in a volume ratio of (80-120): 1, standing for 3-8 hours, washing, filtering and drying to obtain the bicarbonate powder wrapped in a sealing manner.
Preferably, the coated bicarbonate powder is coated sodium bicarbonate powder or coated ammonium bicarbonate powder.
Preferably, the method for chemically modifying the chemically modified graphite powder comprises the following steps: according to the proportion of graphite: acetic anhydride: HNO3: the weight ratio of potassium permanganate is 1 (0.5-1): (0.2-0.7): 0.03-0.1), firstly adding acetic anhydride, concentrated nitric acid, then adding potassium permanganate, finally adding graphite powder, stirring, carrying out suction filtration after 40-80min of reaction, adding 30% hydrogen peroxide, then continuing stirring until no gas is generated after the potassium permanganate completely reacts, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at 30-65 ℃.
The preparation method of the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing coated bicarbonate powder;
s2: adding 2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1 part of bentonite regulator and 0.5 part of thixotropic thickener into deionized water, fully stirring for 10-30min, adding 10-40 parts of raw material powder, 0.03-0.08 part of preservative, and trihydroxymethyl aminomethane, adjusting the pH to 8.0-8.5 with HCl solution, and adding enough deionized water to total 100 parts of total weight; continuously stirring for 10-30min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) after the coated bicarbonate powder meets fire, the molecules can inhibit flame and promote fire extinguishment due to the fact that the coated bicarbonate powder releases carbon dioxide and the like after being heated and decomposed; the nonmetal mineral particles such as vermiculite and graphite have stable molecular structures, have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and strong acid and alkali resistance, and can realize the adhesion effect on the fire surface and the isolation effect on flame under the action of a system;
2) the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery provided by the invention has stable physical and chemical properties and has no harm to animals;
3) compared with the traditional fire extinguishing agent (foam extinguishing agent, dry powder extinguishing agent and CO)2Fire extinguishing agent), the fire extinguishing agent is the only fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery;
4) the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent prepared by the invention can be stored in a single container or a common fire-fighting container; the prepared water-based solid micro-system has stable storage time of more than 36 months at room temperature and can be stored and transported at room temperature for a long time.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following components in parts by weight:
adding 2 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1 part of bentonite regulator, 0.5 part of thixotropic thickener and 0.03 part of preservative into deionized water in sequence, fully stirring for 10-30min, and then adding 10 parts of raw material powder, trihydroxymethyl aminomethane and HCl solution to adjust the pH value to 8.0-8.5. Adding enough deionized water (100 parts in total), and stirring for 10-30min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent. The raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder and wrapped sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation. The particle size of the raw material powder is 1000 meshes.
The preparation method of the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the sodium bicarbonate powder encapsulated by the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 0.3 preparing epoxy resin E51, a sulfhydryl lipid curing agent and a dichloromethane mixed solvent, adding 800g of sodium bicarbonate powder into every 150g of the mixed solvent, heating for 50 minutes at 30 ℃, evaporating the solvent, cooling the recovered sodium bicarbonate powder, and adding the mixture into a reactor with a volume ratio of 80: 1, standing for 3 hours, washing, filtering and drying to obtain the sodium bicarbonate powder wrapped in a sealing way.
The method for chemical modification of chemically modified graphite comprises the steps of: according to the proportion of graphite: acetic anhydride: HNO3: the potassium permanganate is prepared according to the weight ratio of 1:0.5:0.2:0.03, acetic anhydride and concentrated nitric acid are added firstly, potassium permanganate is added, finally graphite powder is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out for 40min, then suction filtration is carried out, 30% hydrogen peroxide is added, stirring is continued until no gas is generated after the potassium permanganate completely reacts, water washing is carried out until the pH value is 5-7, filtering is carried out, and drying is carried out at 30 ℃.
S2: taking deionized water, adding 2 parts of dispersant Pasteur Effia card 4009 and 0.2 part of dispersing aid Pasteur CF10, fully stirring for 10min, then adding 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1 part of bentonite regulator and 0.5 part of thixotropic thickener, fully stirring for 15min, adding 10 parts of raw material powder, 0.03 part of preservative, trihydroxymethyl aminomethane and HCl solution to adjust the pH value to 8.0-8.5, and adding enough deionized water, wherein the total is 100 parts. The raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder and wrapped sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation. And continuously stirring for 10min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system extinguishing agent.
Example 2
The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following components in parts by weight:
deionized water is taken, 3 parts of dispersing agent is added, 0.3 part of dispersing auxiliary agent is added, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator is added, 0.3 part of bentonite regulator, 0.6 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.05 part of preservative, 18 parts of raw material powder, trihydroxymethyl aminomethane and HCl solution are added to adjust the pH value to 8.0-8.5, and enough parts of deionized water are added, wherein the total amount is 100 parts (by weight). The raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder and wrapped sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation. The particle size of the raw material powder is 800 meshes.
The preparation method of the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the sodium bicarbonate powder encapsulated by the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 0.3 preparing epoxy resin E51, a sulfhydryl lipid curing agent and a dichloromethane mixed solvent, adding 1000g of sodium bicarbonate powder into every 150g of the mixed solvent, heating at 40 ℃ for 40 minutes, evaporating the solvent, cooling the recovered sodium bicarbonate powder, and adding the mixture into a reactor with a volume ratio of 100: 1, standing for 6 hours, washing, filtering and drying to obtain the sodium bicarbonate powder wrapped in a sealing way.
The method for chemical modification of chemically modified graphite comprises the steps of: according to the proportion of graphite: acetic anhydride: HNO 3: the potassium permanganate is prepared according to the weight ratio of 1:0.8:0.5:0.07, acetic anhydride and concentrated nitric acid are added firstly, potassium permanganate is added, finally graphite powder is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out for 60min, then suction filtration is carried out, 30% hydrogen peroxide is added, stirring is carried out continuously until the potassium permanganate does not generate gas any more after reaction, water washing is carried out until the pH value is 5-7, filtering is carried out, and drying is carried out at 50 ℃.
S2: taking deionized water, adding 3 parts of basf-Effka 4009, 0.3 part of basf dispersing auxiliary CF10, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.3 part of bentonite regulator and 0.6 part of thixotropic thickener, fully stirring for 15min, adding 18 parts of raw material powder and 0.05 part of preservative, adjusting the pH to 8.0-8.5 by using a trihydroxymethyl aminomethane and HCl solution, and adding enough deionized water to account for 100 parts. The raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder and sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.3, preparation. And continuously stirring for 10min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system extinguishing agent.
Example 3
The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following components in parts by weight:
taking deionized water, adding 4 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.2 part of bentonite regulator, 0.5 part of thixotropic thickener, 30 parts of raw material powder, 0.08 part of preservative, trihydroxymethyl aminomethane and HCl solution to adjust the pH to 8.0-8.5, and adding enough deionized water to total 100 parts; the raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron aluminosilicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron oxide aluminosilicate (montmorillonite) powder and coated sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation. And continuously stirring for 30min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent. The particle size of the raw material powder is 2000 meshes.
The preparation method of the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1: the preparation method of the sodium bicarbonate powder encapsulated by the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 2: 1: 0.3 preparing epoxy resin E51, a sulfhydryl lipid curing agent and a dichloromethane mixed solvent, adding 1200g of sodium bicarbonate powder into every 150g of the mixed solvent, heating for 30 minutes at 50 ℃, evaporating the solvent, cooling the recovered sodium bicarbonate powder, and adding the mixture into a reactor with a volume ratio of 120: 1, standing for 8 hours, washing, filtering and drying to obtain the sodium bicarbonate powder wrapped in a sealing way.
The method for chemical modification of chemically modified graphite comprises the steps of: according to the proportion of graphite: acetic anhydride: HNO 3: the potassium permanganate is prepared according to the weight ratio of 1:1:0.7:0.1, acetic anhydride and concentrated nitric acid are firstly added, potassium permanganate is then added, finally graphite powder is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out for 60min, then suction filtration is carried out, 30% hydrogen peroxide is added, stirring is carried out continuously until the potassium permanganate does not generate gas any more after reaction, water washing is carried out until the pH value is 5-7, filtering is carried out, and drying is carried out at 50 ℃.
S2: adding 4 parts of modified polyurethane, 0.5 part of Basff wetting agent CF10, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.2 part of bentonite regulator and 0.5 part of thixotropic thickener into deionized water, fully stirring for 30min, and then adding 30 parts of raw material powder and 0.08 part of potassium sorbate. The raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral (vermiculite) powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral (palygorskite) powder, graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate (montmorillonite) powder and sodium bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation.
The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent prepared by the invention can be stored in a single container or a common fire-fighting container. The resulting water-based solid microsystems are stable at room temperature for storage periods of preferably more than 6 months, more preferably more than 12 months, even more preferably more than 24 months, and most preferably more than 36 months.
The fire-fighting container is filled with inert nitrogen, the pressure can be between 1.2 and 1.4MPa, and the pressure can also be higher, so that the container can bear higher pressure and the operation and use during fire fighting are not influenced.
The reservoir may also be a tank with a pump or pressurized gas source, provided that the tank determines that the fire suppressant can be manually or automatically dispensed through hoses and pipes, or directly from the tank, to the area of fire and surrounding areas in response to the fire. The fire fighting container material may be made of metal, polymer, carbon fiber, glass or any suitable material. These container categories include: 1) portable fire extinguisher: preferably 1 to 20 kg capacity; 2) a cart-type fire extinguisher, preferably a 20 to 300 kg capacity fire extinguisher; 3) a large fire-fighting tank mounted on the fire-fighting truck; 4) fixed storage tank and injection apparatus: fixed point fixed mounting is in the energy storage workshop, oil hazardous articles warehouse, presses close to the specific facility in conflagration danger area.
After the lithium battery fire extinguishing agent is prepared, test tests are carried out according to national mandatory standards such as water system fire extinguishing agent (GB17835-2008) and portable water-based fire extinguisher general technical conditions (GB4351-1997), and the lithium battery fire extinguishing agent and the portable water-based fire extinguisher all meet the standards.
Experimental example 1
In order to test the environmental protection property of the prepared lithium battery fire extinguishing agent, a sample is sent to the technical center of Ningbo entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau for animal toxicity detection, the used animals comprise four common test animals such as guinea pigs, rats, mice and rabbits, and six tests such as acute oral toxicity tests are carried out on the animals.
The following table shows the results of experiments conducted using mice, which were subjected to acute oral toxicity tests using samples of the water-based solid microsystem fire extinguishing agent of example 3. According to the test standard of acute toxicity test of GB/T21603-2008 chemical acute oral toxicity test method, the acute oral LD50 for ICR mice is more than 5000 mg/kg.
Table 1 shows the results of acute oral toxicity tests on animals
Table 1 shows the results of acute oral toxicity tests in animals, similar to other types of tests. The test results in the table prove that the prepared fire extinguishing agent has no harm effect on animals.
Experimental example 2
3L of fire-fighting equipment, a standard spray pipe and a spray head are used, nitrogen is used for pressurizing to 1.2MPa, the time for spraying the prepared fire extinguishing agent stored in the whole is about 14-17 seconds, the spraying is smooth, and no blockage occurs.
Experimental example 3
A piece of 5-layer cotton gauze, size 800x800mm, sufficiently moistened with diesel oil, was used, after 5 seconds of ignition, the fire was extinguished with the prepared extinguishing agent for 1 second, and the area of injection could not be ignited again.
Experimental example 4
Two 3 kg fire-fighting devices are filled according to the national standard requirement of a water-based fire extinguisher, and a nozzle is arranged above a test stand for standby through a long plastic pipe and a galvanized pipe connected with a nozzle. 100 lithium iron phosphate batteries (32650) are placed on a shelf, and heated by a gas stove to an external temperature of about 200 ℃, and the electrolyte of the lithium batteries starts to spray and is automatically ignited. After 10 minutes, the fire became large, and the fire extinguisher handle was pressed to extinguish the fire.
TABLE 2 Performance of the fire extinguishing agent prepared by repeated tests for extinguishing lithium battery fire
As shown in Table 2, the average time for the prepared fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a lithium battery fire was 1.9 seconds and no after-fire occurred within 30 minutes, which was measured several times using a 3 kg fire extinguisher.
Experimental example 5
Two 3 kg fire-fighting devices are filled according to the national standard requirement of a water-based fire extinguisher, and a nozzle is arranged above a test stand for standby through a long plastic pipe and a galvanized pipe connected with a nozzle. 200 lithium iron phosphate batteries (32650) are heated by a gas stove to the external temperature of about 200 ℃, and the electrolyte of the lithium batteries starts to spray and is automatically ignited. After 10 minutes, the fire became large, and the fire extinguisher handle was pressed to extinguish the fire.
TABLE 3 Performance of extinguishing agent prepared by repeated tests for extinguishing lithium battery fire
As shown in Table 3, the average time for the prepared fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a lithium battery fire was 2.5 seconds and no after-fire occurred within 30 minutes, which was measured several times using a 3 kg fire extinguisher.
Experimental example 6
Two 3 kg fire-fighting devices are filled according to the national standard requirement of a water-based fire extinguisher, and a nozzle is arranged above a test stand for standby through a long plastic pipe and a galvanized pipe connected with a nozzle. When 20 soft-package lithium iron phosphate batteries (215X70X15mm) are heated by a gas stove to an external temperature of about 200 ℃, electrolyte of the lithium batteries starts to spray out and is automatically ignited. After 10 minutes, the fire became large, and the fire extinguisher handle was pressed to extinguish the fire.
TABLE 4 Performance of extinguishing agent prepared by repeated tests for extinguishing lithium battery fire
As shown in Table 4, the average time for the prepared fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a lithium battery fire was 2.7 seconds and no after-fire occurred within 30 minutes, which was measured several times using a 3 kg fire extinguisher.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of raw material powder, 2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2-0.3 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1-0.3 part of bentonite regulator, 0.5-1 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.03-0.08 part of preservative, regulating the pH value to 8.0-8.5 by using tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane HCl solution, and adding deionized water to total 100 parts (by weight);
the raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron-aluminum silicate mineral powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide-aluminum silicate and coated bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5 preparation;
the particle size of the raw material powder is 100-2000 meshes;
the preparation method of the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing the combustion flame of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the wrapped bicarbonate powder;
s2, taking 52.8-86.9 parts of deionized water, adding 2-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of dispersing auxiliary agent, 0.2-0.3 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.1-0.3 part of bentonite regulator and 0.5-1 part of thixotropic thickener, fully stirring for 10-30min, adding 10-40 parts of raw material powder, 0.03-0.08 part of preservative, and trihydroxymethyl aminomethane, adjusting the pH value to 8.0-8.5 by HCl solution; continuously stirring for 10-30min to obtain the water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent;
the preparation method of the coated bicarbonate powder comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of (1.2-2.8): 1: (0.1-0.5) preparing an epoxy resin E51, a sulfhydryl ester curing agent and a dichloromethane mixed solvent, adding 800-1200 g of bicarbonate powder into every 150g of mixed solvent, heating at 30-60 ℃ for 10-50 minutes, evaporating the solvent, cooling the recovered bicarbonate powder, and adding the bicarbonate powder in a volume ratio of (80-120): 1, standing for 3-8 hours, washing, filtering and drying to obtain the bicarbonate powder wrapped in a sealing manner.
2. The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the active modification group in the chemically modified graphite powder is one or more of a sulfonic acid group, a stearate group, a sulfate group and a nitrate group.
3. The water-based solid microsystem fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing a lithium battery combustion flame as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of raw material powder, 3 parts of dispersing agent, 0.3 part of dispersing assistant, 0.2 part of polyamide wax regulator, 0.2 part of bentonite regulator, 0.8 part of thixotropic thickener, 0.05 part of preservative, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, adjusting the pH of HCl solution to 8.0-8.5, adding 100 parts (by weight) of deionized water, wherein the raw material powder comprises magnesium-iron aluminosilicate mineral powder, magnesium-aluminum silicate clay mineral powder, chemically modified graphite powder, potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron-oxide aluminosilicate and coated bicarbonate powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1:0.7: 0.2: 0.5, preparation.
4. The water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the coated bicarbonate powder is coated sodium bicarbonate powder or coated ammonium bicarbonate powder.
5. The water-based solid microsystem fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing a combustion flame of a lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for chemically modifying the chemically modified graphite powder comprises the steps of: according to the proportion of graphite: acetic anhydride: HNO3: the weight ratio of potassium permanganate is 1 (0.5-1): (0.2-0.7): 0.03-0.1), firstly adding acetic anhydride, concentrated nitric acid, then adding potassium permanganate, finally adding graphite powder, stirring, carrying out suction filtration after 40-80min of reaction, adding 30% hydrogen peroxide, then continuing stirring until no gas is generated after the potassium permanganate completely reacts, washing with water until the pH value is 5-7, filtering, and drying at 30-65 ℃.
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| CN112717318B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-02-11 | 重庆慧雍应用技术研究院有限公司 | Efficient anti-burning foam liquid and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2023235256A1 (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Clay suspension for controlling fires |
| CN115445136A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-09 | 浙江环亚消防新材料股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly multifunctional composite fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing lithium battery fire |
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