WO2023235256A1 - Clay suspension for controlling fires - Google Patents
Clay suspension for controlling fires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023235256A1 WO2023235256A1 PCT/US2023/023733 US2023023733W WO2023235256A1 WO 2023235256 A1 WO2023235256 A1 WO 2023235256A1 US 2023023733 W US2023023733 W US 2023023733W WO 2023235256 A1 WO2023235256 A1 WO 2023235256A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- firefighting
- composition
- component
- firefighting composition
- clay
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical group [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 45
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 7
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 5
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 3
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019823 konjac gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010491 tara gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000213 tara gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXOCGRPBILEGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl-dimethylazaniumyl]-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC(O)CS([O-])(=O)=O IXOCGRPBILEGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000175 Pistacia lentiscus Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000934878 Sterculia Species 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O CSMFSDCPJHNZRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000231 karaya gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O UZZYXUGECOQHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUVLMZNMSPJDON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-butoxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCOCC(C)OCC(C)O CUVLMZNMSPJDON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWOZZTWBWQMEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethoxypropoxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOC(C)COCC(C)O QWOZZTWBWQMEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 1-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SERLAGPUMNYUCK-DCUALPFSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCOC(C)COC(C)CO XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO WAEVWDZKMBQDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCAHUFWKIQLBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound COCCCOCCCO QCAHUFWKIQLBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYYMDNHUJFIDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-methyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one;2-methyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O.CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O QYYMDNHUJFIDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000235858 Acetobacter xylinum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002837 Acetobacter xylinum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003014 Caranna Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001884 Cassia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001412 Chicle Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004860 Dammar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDNWOSOZYLHTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichlorophen Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1O MDNWOSOZYLHTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000239669 Eucalyptus resinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005220 Eucalyptus resinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000011893 Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000932 Gum guaicum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004865 Gum guaicum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000543 Kino (gum) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001136169 Komagataeibacter xylinus Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000001794 Manilkara zapota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011339 Manilkara zapota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001500 Neem Gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000193463 Picea excelsa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008124 Picea excelsa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005428 Pistacia lentiscus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004768 Pistacia lentiscus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol alginate Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(C(O)=O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)C(C(=O)OCC(C)O)O1 HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000250129 Trigonella foenum graecum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001484 Trigonella foenum graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023476 agar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium lauryl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940063953 ammonium lauryl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000420 anogeissus latifolia wall. gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPDKMELSVLIAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound N.CCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O VPDKMELSVLIAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYWCSLGSEKAVNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O PYWCSLGSEKAVNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019318 cassia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cocamidopropyl betaine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073507 cocamidopropyl betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019278 guaiac resin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019314 gum ghatti Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004903 invert sugar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000905 isomalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010439 isomalt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isomaltol Natural products CC(=O)C=1OC=CC=1O HPIGCVXMBGOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001724 microfibril Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010292 orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004306 orthophenyl phenol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010409 propane-1,2-diol alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000770 propane-1,2-diol alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKHVLWKBNNSRRR-TYYBGVCCSA-M quaternium-15 Chemical compound [Cl-].C1N(C2)CN3CN2C[N+]1(C/C=C/Cl)C3 UKHVLWKBNNSRRR-TYYBGVCCSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021309 simple sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium myristyl sulfate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O URLJMZWTXZTZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067741 sodium octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions
Definitions
- the present technology is generally related to firefighting compositions.
- the technology is related to clay suspensions for controlling fires in lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery applications.
- a firefighting composition includes water and an inorganic clay component.
- the inorganic clay component includes a silicate, phyllosilicate, synthetically modified phyllosilicate, colloidal silica, fumed silica, mica, a micaceous clay, kaolin, a kaolin-serpentine clay, pyrophyllite talc, smectite, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the clay component is suspended in the water.
- the water is saturated with the inorganic clay component.
- the inorganic clay component includes a first clay component and a second clay component.
- the firefighting composition includes from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component.
- the firefighting composition includes from about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component.
- the first clay component is magnesium silicate.
- the second clay component is mica.
- the water is deionized water.
- the firefighting composition further includes an additive component.
- the additive component includes a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- a firefighting composition includes: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance.
- a firefighting composition includes: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% magnesium silicate; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% mica; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance.
- a method of extinguishing or suppressing a fire includes administering any one of the firefighting compositions described herein to the fire.
- the fire is a lithium-ion battery fire or a sodium-ion battery fire.
- a method of controlling a thermal runaway event associated with a lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery includes administering any one of the firefighting compositions described herein to the lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery.
- a firefighting composition includes water and at least one inorganic clay component.
- the inorganic clay component may include silicate or a silicate clay.
- the inorganic clay component may include mica or a micaceous clay.
- the inorganic clay component may be a mixture of a silicate or a silicate clay and mica or micaceous clay.
- the inorganic clay mixture may include a silicate, phyllosilicate, synthetically modified phyllosilicate, colloidal silica, fumed silica, mica, a micaceous clay, kaolin, a kaolinserpentine clay, pyrophyllite talc, smectite, or a combination thereof.
- the inorganic clay component includes natural inorganic clay, synthetic or modified inorganic clay, or mixtures thereof.
- the inorganic clay component includes a synthetic or modified magnesium silicate, such as, for example, Laponite® EP, Laponite® RD, and Optigel® WX.
- the amount of water may be sufficient to create a fully saturated solution comprising the inorganic clay component.
- the inorganic clay component being saturated with water, will act to thermally insulate the battery hazard from any surrounding batteries or other fuel sources, slowing or preventing the spread of the fire.
- the inorganic clay component may be present from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% or from about 5 to about 55 wt.%. Individual components of the inorganic clay component may be present in specified or controlled concentrations. For example, a first inorganic clay component may be present from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% while a second inorganic clay component may be present from about 5 to about 55 wt.%. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes magnesium silicate from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% and mica from about 5 to about 55 wt.%.
- additives such as a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, or a mixture of two or more thereof, may be present in the firefighting composition from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.%.
- the firefighting composition may further include an additive component.
- the additive component may include a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- the firefighting composition may further include a sugar component.
- the sugar component may include a monosaccharide sugar, a disaccharide sugar, or a sugar alcohol.
- the sugar component may include fructose, glucose, galactose, xylose, mannose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, an oligosaccharide, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- the sugar alcohol may include a four carbon sugar alcohol, such as erythritol, a five carbon alditol, such as xylitol, a six carbon alditol, such as mannitol and/or sorbitol, and other sugar alcohols, such as isomalt.
- the monosaccharide may be high fructose corn syrup.
- the high fructose corn syrup may additionally contain glucose and/or oligosaccharides.
- the sugar component may also be a carbonized or caramelized sugar.
- carbonized or caramelized sugars may include, but are not limited to, brown sugar or molasses.
- Saccharides for use in the present firefighting compositions are generally simple monosaccharide sugars and may include other carbohydrates, such as common sugar (sucrose/dextrose) derived from sugar cane or sugar beets.
- Sucrose is a disaccharide composed from the basic, simple sugar molecules glucose and fructose. Mixtures where the majority of the sucrose has been broken down into its monosaccharide components, glucose and fructose (e.g., invert sugar), are suitable for use in the present firefighting compositions.
- Sucrose is readily available in view of its world production from cane and sugar beet on the order of millions of tons per annum. Those skilled in the art will also be aware that other commercially available simple monosaccharides and related sugar alcohols can be utilized in the present firefighting compositions.
- the firefighting composition may further include a surfactant.
- the surfactant includes an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- Illustrative anionic surfactants include an alkyl sulfate surfactant, an alkyl sulfonate surfactant, alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, an alkyl ether sulfonate surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the anionic surfactant may include an alkyl sulfate surfactant and/or an alkyl sulfonate surfactant.
- the alkyl sulfate salt surfactant includes include a Cs-i2-alkyl sulfate salt.
- Nonlimiting examples of the Cs-i2-alkyl sulfate salt include a dodecyl sulfate salt, a decyl sulfate salt, an octyl sulfate salt, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
- the alkyl sulfate salt includes an alkyl sulfate sodium salt, such as a sodium decyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfate, or a combination thereof.
- the alkyl sulfate salt includes an alkyl sulfate ammonium salt, such as an ammonium decyl sulfate, ammonium octyl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, or a combination thereof.
- the anionic surfactant includes a Cs-i4-alkyl sulfate salt and/or a Cs-u-alkyl sulfonate salt.
- the firefighting composition further includes an anionic surfactant, which comprises one or more surfactants selected from Cs-n-alkyl sulfate salts and/or a Cs-n-alkyl sulfonate salts.
- an anionic surfactant which comprises one or more surfactants selected from Cs-n-alkyl sulfate salts and/or a Cs-n-alkyl sulfonate salts.
- an anionic surfactant which comprises one or more surfactants selected from Cs-n-alkyl sulfate salts and/or a Cs-n-alkyl sulfonate salts.
- anionic surfactant may be a sodium, potassium and/or ammonium salt.
- Illustrative zwitterionic surfactants include an alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant, an alkyl betaine surfactant, an alkyl sulfobetaine surfactant, an alkylamidoalkylene hydroxysultaine surfactant, such as an alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the firefighting composition further includes a zwitterionic surfactant, which comprises one or more of a Cs-is- alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkylamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkyl sulfobetaine surfactant, a Cx-ix-alkyl betaine surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- a zwitterionic surfactant which comprises one or more of a Cs-is- alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkylamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkyl sulfobetaine surfactant, a Cx-ix-alkyl betaine surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- Non-limiting examples of the alkylamidoalkylene hydroxysultaine surfactant include a Cs-is-alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, such as a cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, which includes a lauryl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine and a myristyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine.
- Non-limiting examples of the alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant include a Cs-is-alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant, such as a cocamidopropyl betaine, a tallowamidopropyl betaine, a lauryl amidopropyl betaine or a myristyl amidopropyl betaine.
- the zwitterionic surfactant includes a Cs- -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, such as a cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.
- the zwitterionic surfactant includes lauryl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine and/or my ri sty 1 ami dopropy 1 hydroxy sultaine .
- Illustrative nonionic surfactants include an aliphatic alcohol and/or an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate.
- the firefighting composition may include an aliphatic alcohol-based nonionic surfactant including an aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and/or an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate having 10 to 16 carbon atoms in its alcohol portion.
- the aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate may has an average degree of polymerization (i.e., the average number of ethylene oxide units) of about 0.7-2.0 and often of no more than about 1.5, no more than about 1.2, or no more than about 1.0.
- Aliphatic alcohols which include a linear Cs-i 4-al i phati c alcohol, such as a Cs-i4-fatty alcohol, may be used as a nonionic surfactant in the present firefighting compositions.
- Non-limiting examples of such alcohols include one or more of octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol.
- the firefighting composition may include an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate having an average of no more than about 2 ethylene oxide units. In some embodiments, the aliphatic alcohol portion of such ethoxylates has about 10 to 16 carbon atoms.
- Non-limiting examples include decyl alcohol ethoxylates, lauryl alcohol ethoxylates and/or myristyl alcohol ethoxylates.
- the alcohol ethoxylates have an average of no more than about 2 ethylene oxide units, no more than about 1.5 ethylene oxide units, no more than about 1.2 ethylene oxide units and, in some instances, no more than about 1 ethylene oxide units.
- the aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate comprises an ethoxylate of a linear Cs-i4-aliphatic alcohol having no more than about 1.2 ethylene oxide units.
- the firefighting composition may further include an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent comprises a glycol, a glycol ether, glycerol, a water-soluble polyethylene glycol, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- Illustrative organic solvents include, but are not limited to, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (“butyl carbitol”), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, glycerol, or a mixtures of two or more thereof.
- the organic solvent may include a mixture of an alkylene glycol and a glycol ether, such as a glycol butyl ether.
- the organic solvent includes an alkylene glycol ether, such as ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether, di ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether (e.g., butyl carbitol), or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the organic solvent includes an alkylene glycol, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and/or diethylene glycol.
- the organic solvent may include a mixture of butyl carbitol and a glycol ether, such as ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol.
- the organic solvent may include ethylene glycol and butyl carbitol.
- the organic solvent includes propylene glycol and butyl carbitol.
- the firefighting composition may further include a thickener, such as a polysaccharide thickener.
- a thickener such as a polysaccharide thickener.
- Illustrative thickeners include agar, sodium alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, gum guaicum, neem gum, pistacia lentiscus, gum chatti, caranna, galactomannan, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, guar gum, welan gum, rhamsam gum, locust bean gum, beta-glucan, cellulose, methylcellulose, chicle gum, kino gum, dammar gum, glucomannan, succinoglycan, mastic gum, spruce gum, tara gum, gellan gum, acacia gum, cassia gum, diutan gum, fenugreek gum, ghatti gum, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, karaya
- the thickener comprises xanthan gum, diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, succinoglycan, methylcellulose, or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and one or more of diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, succinoglycan, and methylcellulose.
- the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and one or more of diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, succinoglycan, and gellan gum as the polysaccharide thickener.
- the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and diutan gum and/or rhamsan gum.
- the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and succinoglycan. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and welan gum. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition further includes welan gum.
- the firefighting composition may further include one or more chelators or sequestering buffers.
- chelators and sequestering buffers include agents that sequester and chelate metal ions, including polyamminopolycarboxylic acids, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid and salts thereof.
- Illustrative buffers include, but are not limited to, Sorensen's phosphate or Mcllvaine's citrate buffers.
- the firefighting composition may further include one or more corrosion inhibitors.
- Illustrative and non-limiting corrosion inhibitors include orthophenylphenol, tolyltri azole, and phosphate ester acids.
- the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltri azole.
- the firefighting composition may further include a metallic salt, such as a metallic salt which includes a multi-valent cation.
- Illustrative nonlimiting metallic salts include a cation selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, and calcium cations.
- the counteranion may be a sulfate and/or phosphate anion.
- the metallic salt may include magnesium sulfate.
- the firefighting composition may further include a reducing agent.
- the reducing agent may be selected such that it is more readily oxidized compared to other components of the firefighting composition.
- the reducing agent may be oxidized more readily than the sugar component or polysaccharide components.
- Illustrative reducing agents include, but are not limited to, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
- the firefighting composition may further include a biocide.
- a biocide include, but are not limited to, Kathon CG/ICP (Rohm & Haas Company), Givgard G-4 40 (Givaudan, Inc.), Dowicil 75 and Dowacide A (Dow Chemical Company).
- the firefighting composition may further include microfibrous cellulose.
- the microfibrous cellulose included in the firefighting compositions may include microfibrous cellulose produced by mechanically disrupting/altering cellulose fibers, e.g., cereal, wood, and/or cotton-based cellulose fibers - commonly referred to as microfibrillated cellulose (MFC).
- MFC microfibrillated cellulose
- Microfibrillated cellulose can be obtained through a fibrillation process of cellulose fibers. In such a process, the mechanical shearing can strip away the outer layer of the cellulose fibers, exposing the fibril bundles.
- the macroscopic fibers are typically mechanically sheared until the fibrils are released, resulting in separation of the cellulose fibers into a three dimensional network of microfibrils with a very large surface area.
- the exposed fibrils are much smaller in diameter compared to the original fibers, and can form a network or a web-like structure.
- microfibrillated cellulose An illustrative and non-limiting example of microfibrillated cellulose is ExilvaTM microfibrillated cellulose (available from Borregaard, Sarpsborg, Norway). ExilvaTM microfibrillated cellulose is a pre-activated product, available as a 2% suspension or a 10% paste, that is produced from mechanically disrupting cellulose sourced from Norway spruce. ExilvaTM microfibrillated cellulose is reported to be an insoluble microfibrillated cellulose consisting of an entanglement of the cellulose fibers, which has the ability to interact both physically through its extreme surface area and chemically through hydrogen bonding.
- microfibrous cellulose examples include Celova® microfibrillated cellulose (available from Weidmann Electrical Technology AG (Rapperswil, Switzerland) and Curran® microfibrillated cellulose (available from CelluComp, Fife, Scotland). Curran® microfibrillated cellulose is produced from extraction of nanocellulose fibers from waste streams of root vegetables, primarily carrots and sugar beet pulp.
- microfibrillated cellulose-mineral composite commercially available from FiberLean® Technologies (Par Moor Centre, United Kingdom).
- the FiberLean® MFC-composite is reportedly produced by fibrillating the cellulose fibers in the presence of one of a number of different minerals, such as calcium carbonate, clay (e.g., kaolin or bentonite), alumina, zirconia, graphite, silicate or talc, to obtain a nano-fibrillar cellulose suspension.
- the microfibrous cellulose may include a fermentation-derived cellulose, such as a microfibrous cellulose derived from a microbial fermentation process.
- the microfibrous cellulose may include cellulose derived from a bacterial fermentation process, e.g., from fermentation of a Komagataeibacter xylinus strain or a Acetobacter xylinum strain.
- Fermentation-derived cellulose (FDC) produced by such a method may have an average fiber diameter of about 0.1-0.2 pm. This very small fiber size and diameter means that a given weight of FDC can have up to 200 times more surface area than other common forms of cellulose.
- the microfibrous cellulose employed in the present firefighting compositions may have an average fiber diameter of no more than about 10 pm, no more than about 1 pm, and in some instances about 50 to 300 nm (0.05-0.3 pm). Quite often, the microfibrous cellulose is a derived from microbial fermentation. Prior to inclusion in the present compositions, such microbial fermentation derived cellulose may be activated by combining a powdered microfibrous cellulose and any optional co-agent with water and then mixing with high shear.
- a method of fighting a fire includes applying a firefighting composition including one or more inorganic clay components to the fire.
- the methods may be used to completely extinguish the fire.
- the methods may be used to abate, suppress, or otherwise control the fire for application of other agents or removal of a fuel or oxidant source.
- the methods may be used to thermally insulate surrounding fuel sources that have not yet caught fire from a combusting fuel source.
- methods of controlling thermal runaway events associated with lithium-ion and/or sodium-ion batteries by administering the composition to a battery experiencing a thermal runaway event are provided.
- the fires may include those where the application of just water may cause further violent and exothermic reactions.
- the fire may be a lithium-ion fire or a sodium-ion battery fire.
- lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries are those batteries that are rechargeable.
- Example 1 Deionized water (99 wt.%) and Laponite® EP (1 wt.%) were blended to form a low-solids firefighting composition.
- the firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
- Example 2 Deionized water (79.2 wt.%), Laponite® EP (0.8 wt.%) and mica (20 wt.%) were blended to form a high-solids firefighting composition.
- the firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-ion based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
- Example 3 Deionized water (59.4 wt.%), Laponite® EP (0.6 wt.%) and mica (40 wt.%) were blended to form a high-solids firefighting composition.
- the firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-ion based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A firefighting composition includes water and one or more inorganic clay components.
Description
CLAY SUSPENSION FOR CONTROLLING FIRES
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/348,312, filed on June 2, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The present technology is generally related to firefighting compositions.
Specifically, the technology is related to clay suspensions for controlling fires in lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery applications.
SUMMARY
[0003] In an aspect, a firefighting composition includes water and an inorganic clay component.
[0004] In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes a silicate, phyllosilicate, synthetically modified phyllosilicate, colloidal silica, fumed silica, mica, a micaceous clay, kaolin, a kaolin-serpentine clay, pyrophyllite talc, smectite, or a combination of two or more thereof.
[0005] In some embodiments, the clay component is suspended in the water.
[0006] In some embodiments, the water is saturated with the inorganic clay component.
[0007] In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes a first clay component and a second clay component.
[0008] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition includes from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component.
[0009] In some embodiments the firefighting composition includes from about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first clay component is magnesium silicate.
[0011] In some embodiments, the second clay component is mica.
[0012] In some embodiments, the water is deionized water.
[0013] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition further includes an additive component.
[0014] In some embodiments, the additive component includes a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0015] In an aspect, a firefighting composition includes: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance.
[0016] In an aspect, a firefighting composition includes: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% magnesium silicate; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% mica; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance.
[0017] In an aspect, a method of extinguishing or suppressing a fire includes administering any one of the firefighting compositions described herein to the fire.
[0018] In some embodiments, the fire is a lithium-ion battery fire or a sodium-ion battery fire.
[0019] In an aspect, a method of controlling a thermal runaway event associated with a lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery includes administering any one of the firefighting compositions described herein to the lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] As used herein, “about” will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art and will vary to some extent depending upon the context in which it is used. If there are
uses of the term which are not clear to persons of ordinary skill in the art, given the context in which it is used, “about” will mean up to plus or minus 10% of the particular term.
[0021] The use of the terms “a” and “and” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the elements (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or illustrative language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the embodiments and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the claims unless otherwise stated. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential.
[0022] For fighting various types of high temperature fires, such as lithium or sodium ion or metal fires, agents are needed to provide thermal cooling, thermal insulation, and viscosity effects to control the fires and/or thermal runaway events. This particularly the case for control or suppressing fires associated with batteries.
[0023] In one aspect, a firefighting composition includes water and at least one inorganic clay component. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component may include silicate or a silicate clay. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component may include mica or a micaceous clay. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component may be a mixture of a silicate or a silicate clay and mica or micaceous clay. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay mixture may include a silicate, phyllosilicate, synthetically modified phyllosilicate, colloidal silica, fumed silica, mica, a micaceous clay, kaolin, a kaolinserpentine clay, pyrophyllite talc, smectite, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes natural inorganic clay, synthetic or modified inorganic clay, or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes a synthetic or modified magnesium silicate, such as, for example, Laponite® EP, Laponite® RD, and Optigel® WX.
[0024] In some embodiments, the amount of water may be sufficient to create a fully saturated solution comprising the inorganic clay component. In the compositions, and without being bound by theory, it is believed that the inorganic clay component, being saturated with water, will act to thermally insulate the battery hazard from any surrounding batteries or other fuel sources, slowing or preventing the spread of the fire.
[0025] In any of the above embodiments, the inorganic clay component may be present from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% or from about 5 to about 55 wt.%. Individual components of the inorganic clay component may be present in specified or controlled concentrations. For example, a first inorganic clay component may be present from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% while a second inorganic clay component may be present from about 5 to about 55 wt.%. In some embodiments, the inorganic clay component includes magnesium silicate from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% and mica from about 5 to about 55 wt.%. In some embodiments, additives such as a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, or a mixture of two or more thereof, may be present in the firefighting composition from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.%.
[0026] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include an additive component. In some embodiments, the additive component may include a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
[0027] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a sugar component. In some embodiments, the sugar component may include a monosaccharide sugar, a disaccharide sugar, or a sugar alcohol. In some embodiments, the sugar component may include fructose, glucose, galactose, xylose, mannose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, an oligosaccharide, or a mixture of any two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the sugar alcohol may include a four carbon sugar alcohol, such as erythritol, a five carbon alditol, such as xylitol, a six carbon alditol, such as mannitol and/or sorbitol, and other sugar alcohols, such as isomalt. In some embodiments, the monosaccharide may be high fructose corn syrup. In some embodiments, the high fructose corn syrup may additionally contain glucose and/or oligosaccharides. The sugar component may also be a carbonized or
caramelized sugar. For example, such carbonized or caramelized sugars may include, but are not limited to, brown sugar or molasses.
[0028] Saccharides for use in the present firefighting compositions are generally simple monosaccharide sugars and may include other carbohydrates, such as common sugar (sucrose/dextrose) derived from sugar cane or sugar beets. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed from the basic, simple sugar molecules glucose and fructose. Mixtures where the majority of the sucrose has been broken down into its monosaccharide components, glucose and fructose (e.g., invert sugar), are suitable for use in the present firefighting compositions. Sucrose is readily available in view of its world production from cane and sugar beet on the order of millions of tons per annum. Those skilled in the art will also be aware that other commercially available simple monosaccharides and related sugar alcohols can be utilized in the present firefighting compositions.
[0029] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a surfactant. In some embodiments, the surfactant includes an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof.
[0030] Illustrative anionic surfactants include an alkyl sulfate surfactant, an alkyl sulfonate surfactant, alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, an alkyl ether sulfonate surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant may include an alkyl sulfate surfactant and/or an alkyl sulfonate surfactant. In some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate salt surfactant includes include a Cs-i2-alkyl sulfate salt. Nonlimiting examples of the Cs-i2-alkyl sulfate salt include a dodecyl sulfate salt, a decyl sulfate salt, an octyl sulfate salt, or a combination of any two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate salt includes an alkyl sulfate sodium salt, such as a sodium decyl sulfate, sodium octyl sulfate, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the alkyl sulfate salt includes an alkyl sulfate ammonium salt, such as an ammonium decyl sulfate, ammonium octyl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the anionic surfactant includes a Cs-i4-alkyl sulfate salt and/or a Cs-u-alkyl sulfonate salt. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition further includes an anionic surfactant, which comprises one or more surfactants selected from Cs-n-alkyl sulfate salts and/or a Cs-n-alkyl sulfonate salts. As a non-limiting example, one or more of octyl sulfate
salts, decyl sulfate salts, dodecyl sulfate salts and tetradecyl sulfate salts may be used as anionic surfactants in the present firefighting compositions. The anionic surfactant may be a sodium, potassium and/or ammonium salt.
[0031] Illustrative zwitterionic surfactants include an alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant, an alkyl betaine surfactant, an alkyl sulfobetaine surfactant, an alkylamidoalkylene hydroxysultaine surfactant, such as an alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof. As a non-limiting example, the firefighting composition further includes a zwitterionic surfactant, which comprises one or more of a Cs-is- alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkylamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a Cs-is-alkyl sulfobetaine surfactant, a Cx-ix-alkyl betaine surfactant, or a combination of two or more thereof. Non-limiting examples of the alkylamidoalkylene hydroxysultaine surfactant include a Cs-is-alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, such as a cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, which includes a lauryl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine and a myristyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Non-limiting examples of the alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant include a Cs-is-alkylamidoalkyl betaine surfactant, such as a cocamidopropyl betaine, a tallowamidopropyl betaine, a lauryl amidopropyl betaine or a myristyl amidopropyl betaine. In some embodiments, the zwitterionic surfactant includes a Cs- -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, such as a cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine. In some embodiments, the zwitterionic surfactant includes lauryl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine and/or my ri sty 1 ami dopropy 1 hydroxy sultaine .
[0032] Illustrative nonionic surfactants include an aliphatic alcohol and/or an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate. As a non-limiting example, the firefighting composition may include an aliphatic alcohol-based nonionic surfactant including an aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and/or an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate having 10 to 16 carbon atoms in its alcohol portion. The aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate may has an average degree of polymerization (i.e., the average number of ethylene oxide units) of about 0.7-2.0 and often of no more than about 1.5, no more than about 1.2, or no more than about 1.0. Aliphatic alcohols, which include a linear Cs-i 4-al i phati c alcohol, such as a Cs-i4-fatty alcohol, may be used as a nonionic surfactant in the present firefighting compositions. Non-limiting examples of such alcohols include one or more of octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol. The firefighting composition may include an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate
having an average of no more than about 2 ethylene oxide units. In some embodiments, the aliphatic alcohol portion of such ethoxylates has about 10 to 16 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples include decyl alcohol ethoxylates, lauryl alcohol ethoxylates and/or myristyl alcohol ethoxylates. In some embodiments, the alcohol ethoxylates have an average of no more than about 2 ethylene oxide units, no more than about 1.5 ethylene oxide units, no more than about 1.2 ethylene oxide units and, in some instances, no more than about 1 ethylene oxide units. In some embodiments, the aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate comprises an ethoxylate of a linear Cs-i4-aliphatic alcohol having no more than about 1.2 ethylene oxide units.
[0033] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include an organic solvent. In some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises a glycol, a glycol ether, glycerol, a water-soluble polyethylene glycol, or a combination of two or more thereof. Illustrative organic solvents include, but are not limited to, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (“butyl carbitol”), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, glycerol, or a mixtures of two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the organic solvent may include a mixture of an alkylene glycol and a glycol ether, such as a glycol butyl ether. In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes an alkylene glycol ether, such as ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether, di ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether (e.g., butyl carbitol), or a combination of two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes an alkylene glycol, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and/or diethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the organic solvent may include a mixture of butyl carbitol and a glycol ether, such as ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol. As a non-limiting example, the organic solvent may include ethylene glycol and butyl carbitol. In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes propylene glycol and butyl carbitol.
[0034] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a thickener, such as a polysaccharide thickener. Illustrative thickeners include agar, sodium alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, gum guaicum, neem gum, pistacia lentiscus, gum chatti,
caranna, galactomannan, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, guar gum, welan gum, rhamsam gum, locust bean gum, beta-glucan, cellulose, methylcellulose, chicle gum, kino gum, dammar gum, glucomannan, succinoglycan, mastic gum, spruce gum, tara gum, gellan gum, acacia gum, cassia gum, diutan gum, fenugreek gum, ghatti gum, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, karaya gum, konjac gum, pectin, propylene glycol alginate, or a mixture of any two or more thereof. In some embodiments, the thickener comprises xanthan gum, diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, succinoglycan, methylcellulose, or a combination of two or more thereof.
[0035] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and one or more of diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, succinoglycan, and methylcellulose. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and one or more of diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, succinoglycan, and gellan gum as the polysaccharide thickener. In some embodiment, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and diutan gum and/or rhamsan gum. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and succinoglycan. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a mixture of xanthan gum and welan gum. In some embodiments, the firefighting composition further includes welan gum.
[0036] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include one or more chelators or sequestering buffers. Illustrative chelators and sequestering buffers include agents that sequester and chelate metal ions, including polyamminopolycarboxylic acids, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid and salts thereof. Illustrative buffers include, but are not limited to, Sorensen's phosphate or Mcllvaine's citrate buffers.
[0037] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include one or more corrosion inhibitors. Illustrative and non-limiting corrosion inhibitors include orthophenylphenol, tolyltri azole, and phosphate ester acids. In some embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor is tolyltri azole.
[0038] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a metallic salt, such as a metallic salt which includes a multi-valent cation. Illustrative nonlimiting metallic salts include a cation selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, and calcium cations. The counteranion may be a sulfate and/or phosphate anion. In one embodiment, the metallic salt may include magnesium sulfate.
[0039] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a reducing agent. In some embodiments, the reducing agent may be selected such that it is more readily oxidized compared to other components of the firefighting composition. As a non-limiting example, the reducing agent may be oxidized more readily than the sugar component or polysaccharide components. Illustrative reducing agents include, but are not limited to, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
[0040] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include a biocide. Illustrative examples include, but are not limited to, Kathon CG/ICP (Rohm & Haas Company), Givgard G-4 40 (Givaudan, Inc.), Dowicil 75 and Dowacide A (Dow Chemical Company).
[0041] In some embodiments, the firefighting composition may further include microfibrous cellulose. The microfibrous cellulose included in the firefighting compositions may include microfibrous cellulose produced by mechanically disrupting/altering cellulose fibers, e.g., cereal, wood, and/or cotton-based cellulose fibers - commonly referred to as microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). Microfibrillated cellulose can be obtained through a fibrillation process of cellulose fibers. In such a process, the mechanical shearing can strip away the outer layer of the cellulose fibers, exposing the fibril bundles. The macroscopic fibers are typically mechanically sheared until the fibrils are released, resulting in separation of the cellulose fibers into a three dimensional network of microfibrils with a very large surface area. The exposed fibrils are much smaller in diameter compared to the original fibers, and can form a network or a web-like structure.
[0042] An illustrative and non-limiting example of microfibrillated cellulose is Exilva™ microfibrillated cellulose (available from Borregaard, Sarpsborg, Norway).
Exilva™ microfibrillated cellulose is a pre-activated product, available as a 2% suspension or a 10% paste, that is produced from mechanically disrupting cellulose sourced from Norway spruce. Exilva™ microfibrillated cellulose is reported to be an insoluble microfibrillated cellulose consisting of an entanglement of the cellulose fibers, which has the ability to interact both physically through its extreme surface area and chemically through hydrogen bonding. Other commercial sources of microfibrous cellulose include Celova® microfibrillated cellulose (available from Weidmann Electrical Technology AG (Rapperswil, Switzerland) and Curran® microfibrillated cellulose (available from CelluComp, Fife, Scotland). Curran® microfibrillated cellulose is produced from extraction of nanocellulose fibers from waste streams of root vegetables, primarily carrots and sugar beet pulp.
[0043] Another illustrative and non-limiting example of a source of microfibrillated cellulose for use in the present compositions is microfibrillated cellulose-mineral composite commercially available from FiberLean® Technologies (Par Moor Centre, United Kingdom). The FiberLean® MFC-composite is reportedly produced by fibrillating the cellulose fibers in the presence of one of a number of different minerals, such as calcium carbonate, clay (e.g., kaolin or bentonite), alumina, zirconia, graphite, silicate or talc, to obtain a nano-fibrillar cellulose suspension.
[0044] The microfibrous cellulose may include a fermentation-derived cellulose, such as a microfibrous cellulose derived from a microbial fermentation process. The microfibrous cellulose may include cellulose derived from a bacterial fermentation process, e.g., from fermentation of a Komagataeibacter xylinus strain or a Acetobacter xylinum strain. Fermentation-derived cellulose (FDC) produced by such a method may have an average fiber diameter of about 0.1-0.2 pm. This very small fiber size and diameter means that a given weight of FDC can have up to 200 times more surface area than other common forms of cellulose.
[0045] When included in the firefighting compositions, the microfibrous cellulose employed in the present firefighting compositions may have an average fiber diameter of no more than about 10 pm, no more than about 1 pm, and in some instances about 50 to 300 nm (0.05-0.3 pm). Quite often, the microfibrous cellulose is a derived from microbial fermentation. Prior to inclusion in the present compositions, such microbial fermentation
derived cellulose may be activated by combining a powdered microfibrous cellulose and any optional co-agent with water and then mixing with high shear.
[0046] In another aspect, a method of fighting a fire includes applying a firefighting composition including one or more inorganic clay components to the fire. The methods may be used to completely extinguish the fire. Alternatively, the methods may be used to abate, suppress, or otherwise control the fire for application of other agents or removal of a fuel or oxidant source. In some embodiments, the methods may be used to thermally insulate surrounding fuel sources that have not yet caught fire from a combusting fuel source. Additionally, methods of controlling thermal runaway events associated with lithium-ion and/or sodium-ion batteries by administering the composition to a battery experiencing a thermal runaway event are provided. The fires may include those where the application of just water may cause further violent and exothermic reactions. For example, the fire may be a lithium-ion fire or a sodium-ion battery fire. As used herein lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries are those batteries that are rechargeable.
EXAMPLES
[0047] The following examples more specifically illustrate formulations for preparing aqueous firefighting compositions according to various embodiments described above. These examples should in no way be construed as limiting the scope of the present technology.
[0048] Example 1. Deionized water (99 wt.%) and Laponite® EP (1 wt.%) were blended to form a low-solids firefighting composition. The firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
[0049] Example 2. Deionized water (79.2 wt.%), Laponite® EP (0.8 wt.%) and mica (20 wt.%) were blended to form a high-solids firefighting composition. The firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-ion based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
[0050] Example 3. Deionized water (59.4 wt.%), Laponite® EP (0.6 wt.%) and mica (40 wt.%) were blended to form a high-solids firefighting composition. The firefighting composition may be applied to a lithium-ion based fire to extinguish or abate the fire.
[0051] While certain embodiments have been illustrated and described, it should be understood that changes and modifications can be made therein in accordance with ordinary skill in the art without departing from the technology in its broader aspects as defined in the following claims.
[0052] The embodiments, illustratively described herein may suitably be practiced in the absence of any element or elements, limitation or limitations, not specifically disclosed herein. Thus, for example, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” etc. shall be read expansively and without limitation. Additionally, the terms and expressions employed herein have been used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claimed technology. Additionally, the phrase “consisting essentially of’ will be understood to include those elements specifically recited and those additional elements that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed technology. The phrase “consisting of’ excludes any element not specified.
[0053] The present disclosure is not to be limited in terms of the particular embodiments described in this application. Many modifications and variations can be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Functionally equivalent methods and compositions within the scope of the disclosure, in addition to those enumerated herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing descriptions. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods, reagents, compounds, compositions, or biological systems, which can of course vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
[0054] In addition, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of Markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosure is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group.
[0055] As will be understood by one skilled in the art, for any and all purposes, particularly in terms of providing a written description, all ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible subranges and combinations of subranges thereof. Any listed range can be easily recognized as sufficiently describing and enabling the same range being broken down into at least equal halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, tenths, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein can be readily broken down into a lower third, middle third and upper third, etc. As will also be understood by one skilled in the art all language such as “up to,” “at least,” “greater than,” “less than,” and the like, include the number recited and refer to ranges which can be subsequently broken down into subranges as discussed above. Finally, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, a range includes each individual member.
[0056] All publications, patent applications, issued patents, and other documents referred to in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication, patent application, issued patent, or other document was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety. Definitions that are contained in text incorporated by reference are excluded to the extent that they contradict definitions in this disclosure.
[0057] Other embodiments are set forth in the following claims.
Claims
1. A firefighting composition comprising: water; and an inorganic clay component.
2. The firefighting composition of claim 1, wherein the inorganic clay component comprises a silicate, phyllosilicate, synthetically modified phyllosilicate, colloidal silica, fumed silica, mica, a micaceous clay, kaolin, a kaolin-serpentine clay, pyrophyllite talc, smectite, or a combination of two or more thereof.
3. The firefighting composition of claims 1-2, wherein the inorganic clay component is suspended in the water.
4. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the water is saturated with the inorganic clay component.
5. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the inorganic clay component comprises a first clay component and a second clay component.
6. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the firefighting composition comprises from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component.
7. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the firefighting composition comprises from about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component.
8. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first clay component is magnesium silicate.
9. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the second clay component is mica.
10. The firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the water is deionized water.
firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the firefighting composition further comprises an additive component. firefighting composition of claim 11, wherein the additive component comprises a surfactant, a thickener, a corrosion inhibitor, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, a sugar component, a biocide, microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of two or more thereof. irefighting composition comprising: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% of a first clay component; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% of a second clay component; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance. irefighting composition comprising: about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% magnesium silicate; about 5.0 to about 55 wt.% mica; about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% of an additive component; and water to balance. ethod of extinguishing or suppressing a fire, the method comprising administering the firefighting composition of any of the preceding claims to the fire. method of claim 15, wherein the fire is a lithium-ion battery fire or a sodium-ion battery fire. ethod of controlling a thermal runaway event associated with a lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery, the method comprising administering the firefighting composition of any one of claims 1-14 to the lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US202263348312P | 2022-06-02 | 2022-06-02 | |
US63/348,312 | 2022-06-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023235256A1 true WO2023235256A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
Family
ID=86904348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2023/023733 WO2023235256A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 | 2023-05-26 | Clay suspension for controlling fires |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2023235256A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3074883A (en) * | 1961-06-28 | 1963-01-22 | Gen Electric | Fire extinguishing means |
EP0903163A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1999-03-24 | Mezhdunarodny Fond Popechitelei Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Aviationnogo Tekhnologicheskogo Universit Imeni K.E.Tsiolkovskogo | Mineral-water suspension for use against fires |
CN111514509A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-11 | 四川天地同光科技有限责任公司 | Water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
CN112642087A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-13 | 重庆慧雍应用技术研究院有限公司 | Efficient fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing composite fire and preparation method thereof |
CN114146356A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市博恩实业有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing agent material and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2023
- 2023-05-26 WO PCT/US2023/023733 patent/WO2023235256A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3074883A (en) * | 1961-06-28 | 1963-01-22 | Gen Electric | Fire extinguishing means |
EP0903163A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1999-03-24 | Mezhdunarodny Fond Popechitelei Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Aviationnogo Tekhnologicheskogo Universit Imeni K.E.Tsiolkovskogo | Mineral-water suspension for use against fires |
CN111514509A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-11 | 四川天地同光科技有限责任公司 | Water-based solid micro-system fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing combustion flame of lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
CN112642087A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-13 | 重庆慧雍应用技术研究院有限公司 | Efficient fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing composite fire and preparation method thereof |
CN114146356A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市博恩实业有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing agent material and preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11673011B2 (en) | Firefighting foam composition | |
US11771939B2 (en) | Fire-fighting foam composition with microfibrous cellulose | |
US11938363B2 (en) | Fire-fighting foam composition | |
US11865393B2 (en) | Fire-fighting foam composition | |
WO2023235256A1 (en) | Clay suspension for controlling fires | |
US11673010B2 (en) | Fire-fighting foam concentrate | |
US11964179B2 (en) | Fire-fighting foam concentrate | |
US20110259528A1 (en) | Method and additive composition for spraying water to prevent dust scattering | |
WO2023235454A1 (en) | High speed wetting agents for thermal control of li-ion hazards | |
CN104858988A (en) | Compound wood fire-retardant preservative and preparation method thereof | |
WO2023235168A1 (en) | Sugar and salt composition to suppress lithium fires | |
CA3229814A1 (en) | Fire-fighting foam composition | |
EP2818529A1 (en) | Dust-suppressing composition and method there for | |
WO2023144683A1 (en) | Firefighting foam composition | |
AU2022374866A1 (en) | Glycol-free fire-fighting composition | |
CN101195791A (en) | Liquid detergent for hard surface |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23733528 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |