CN111420812B

CN111420812B - Centrifugal machine

Info

Publication number: CN111420812B
Application number: CN202010136266.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯永彬; 刘巧赟
Original assignee: Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Current assignee: Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2021-08-13
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-02
Also published as: CN111420812A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical experimental equipment, and mainly relates to a centrifugal machine, which comprises an outer machine and a centrifugal mechanism, the centrifugal mechanism is arranged in an outer machine, a sealing cover is arranged on the outer machine, an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and a disinfectant nozzle are arranged in the sealing cover, the disinfectant nozzle is externally connected with a liquid inlet pipe, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a casing, a motor and a centrifugal disc, the bottom of the centrifugal disc is obliquely hinged with a plurality of centrifugal tubes, a material taking ring is rotatably arranged between the machine shell and the motor base and can rotate, a through hole is arranged on the material taking ring, a sponge ring is arranged in the through hole, is used for solving the problems that although the existing centrifugal device can disinfect the interior of the centrifugal machine after centrifugation, the existing centrifugal device can better avoid the infection of operators, but can't in time take out the sample after the centrifugation is ended, lead to the experimental time extension, efficiency is lower, still with the problem that causes the influence to the sample easily simultaneously.

Description

Centrifugal machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a centrifugal machine.

Background

The medical centrifuge is a blood detection machine commonly used in clinical laboratory in hospitals, and has the effect of separating plasma, serum and precipitated protein by the centrifuge, although the types and the number of the centrifuges on the existing market are numerous, the medical centrifuge still has the following problems in the using process; when handling some and having infectious samples, because there is the problem of leaking to lead to infectious virus to spread inside centrifuge in centrifugal process, open centrifuge after the centrifugation and lead to operating personnel to be infected when taking the sample easily, consequently add degassing unit in centrifuge more, though can disinfect in centrifuge, can't in time take out the sample after the centrifugation finishes, lead to the experimental time extension, efficiency is lower, still causes the influence with easily the sample simultaneously.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a centrifuge, which is used for solving the problems that although the existing centrifuge device can disinfect the interior of the centrifuge after centrifugation, the infection of operators can be better avoided, but samples cannot be taken out in time after the centrifugation is finished, so that the experimental time is prolonged, the efficiency is low, and the samples are easily influenced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a centrifugal machine comprises an outer machine and a centrifugal mechanism, wherein the centrifugal mechanism is installed in the outer machine, a seal cover is installed on the outer machine, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp and a disinfectant sprayer are installed in the seal cover, the disinfectant sprayer is externally connected with a liquid inlet pipe, disinfectant can be injected through the liquid inlet pipe and sprayed into the centrifugal mechanism through the sprayer, the centrifugal mechanism can be sterilized and disinfected in the centrifugal machine after centrifugation is completed by matching with the ultraviolet sterilization lamp, infectious substances in a specimen are prevented from being scattered in the centrifugal machine to cause harm to workers when the seal cover is opened, a support is installed on the outer machine, a support rod is installed on the support, a motor base is installed on the support rod, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a machine shell, a motor and a centrifugal disc, a motor base is arranged in the machine shell, the motor base is installed on the support rod, the motor is installed on the motor base, and the centrifugal disc is installed on an output shaft of the motor, the centrifugal plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the bottom of the centrifugal plate is obliquely hinged with a plurality of centrifuge tubes, the centrifuge tubes are used for placing sample test tubes, each centrifuge tube comprises an upper tube body and a lower tube body, the lower tube body is sleeved on the upper tube body, the upper tube body is provided with an upper iron block and a first hinged frame, the bottom of the centrifugal plate is provided with a magnetic block corresponding to the iron block, the bottom of the centrifugal plate is provided with a second hinged frame, the first hinged frame is hinged with the second hinged frame, the casing is provided with a chute, a traction frame is installed in the chute, a spring is installed between the top end of the traction frame and the casing, two ends of the traction frame are respectively provided with a handle ring and a traction ring, the handle ring is sleeved outside the casing, the rear traction ring is positioned inside the casing, the upper tube body is positioned in the traction ring, the traction ring is driven to move downwards by the handle ring, and the magnetic block can be separated from the iron block when the traction ring is continuously moved downwards in contact with the inclined upper tube body, thereby make the centrifuging tube of articulated setting drop flagging freely, the reservation groove has been seted up on the outer machine, rotate between casing and the motor cabinet and install and get the material ring, it can rotate to get the material ring, get and seted up the through-hole on the material ring, install the sponge ring in the through-hole, rotate to the centrifuging tube corresponding position to the back through will getting the through-hole on the material ring, can pull out the lower tube that corresponds in the sponge ring, will take out the sample test tube simultaneously, pour into the antiseptic solution into in the sponge ring, still can disinfect to the outer wall of lower tube and test tube at the process of pulling out to need not to open the closing cap after the centrifugation is accomplished and can take out the sample test tube, need not to wait for sterilamp and disinfectant shower nozzle to disinfect completely the centrifuge inner space.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention is further improved as follows:

further, integrated into one piece has the collar on the outer circumference of motor cabinet, the draw-in groove has all been seted up on interior circumference of getting the material ring and the outer circumference, get the material ring and locate on collar and casing through draw-in groove card respectively, the cover is equipped with the base ring on the motor cabinet, the base ring is located collar upper portion, integrated into one piece has the board of accepting on the base ring, accept the board equidistance and seted up a plurality of U-shaped breachs, the quantity of U-shaped breach is the same with the quantity of centrifuging tube, the adjustment tank has been seted up on the collar, fixed mounting has the connecting rod on the base ring, the connecting rod passes the adjustment tank and installs the adjustable ring. After the centrifugation is accomplished, because the position of centrifuging tube is uncertain, the messenger is in the magnetic path with the iron plate separation after the centrifuging tube freedom drop when flagging sponge ring is inconvenient to correspond with the position of centrifuging tube, the design of accepting the board can make the centrifuging tube lower extreme of whereabouts drop in accepting the board surface or directly fall and fix a position in the U-shaped breach, rotate the sponge ring to U-shaped breach position and can operate when the body is taken out down to needs, and not directly drop in dropping in the intraoral centrifuging tube of U-shaped breach only need drive the base ring through the adjustable ring and rotate, can make fall in the centrifuging tube that accepts on the board drop in the U-shaped breach.

Furthermore, integrated into one piece has a plurality of location strips that correspond with U-shaped breach position on the adjustable ring, get material ring bottom end fixed mounting and have the locating lever, through the position of location strip and locating lever, can make that the sponge ring can be better correspond with U-shaped breach position to convenient operation.

Furthermore, the top end of the traction frame is fixedly provided with a limiting column, the top end of the sliding groove is provided with a blind hole, and the limiting column penetrates through the blind hole in a sliding manner. Can make the traction frame can only vertically go up and down in the spout through spacing post to avoid in centrifugal process traction frame incline to lead to traction ring and last pipe body outer wall contact to produce high-speed friction and cause the influence to the sample.

Furthermore, when the traction frame is located at the topmost end in the sliding groove, the traction ring is not in contact with the outer wall of the upper tube body, so that the influence on a sample caused by high-speed friction generated by direct contact of the traction ring and the outer wall of the upper tube body due to the fact that the traction frame deflects in the centrifugal process is avoided.

Further, the longitudinal section of the lower pipe body is U-shaped, and a rubber ring is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lower pipe body. Can fix the test tube of putting into through the rubber ring, avoid taking the test tube out in the lump when pulling out down the body.

Furthermore, an annular groove is formed in the top end of the upper pipe body, and a sealing gasket is installed in the annular groove. Can seal between upper tube body open end and the centrifugal disk through seal ring in centrifugal process, avoid in the sample when infectious substance leaks through upper tube body open end and centrifugal disk leak in can in a large number.

Further, the bottom fixed mounting of centrifugal tray has the link, link tip fixed mounting has the spacing ring, the section of spacing ring is the arc, and the interior rampart of spacing ring contacts with the sphere contact that is in body down when the magnetic path contacts with the iron plate, when putting into the test tube in the case centrifuging tube, because the atress direction of most power is the axis direction of centrifuging tube, carry out spacing can be better prevent through the spacing ring that the too big magnetic path that leads to separates with the iron plate hard when putting into the test tube hard, simultaneously because the longitudinal section of body is the U-shaped down, make the sphere of body and the cambered surface contact of spacing ring down, avoid the spacing ring to influence the freedom flagging of centrifuging tube.

Furthermore, the lower tube body bottom integrated into one piece has the pull rod, can make through the pull rod pull out it when taking out the lower tube body to need not directly to clamp the lower tube body and stimulate, convenient operation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

disinfectant can be injected into the centrifuge through the liquid inlet pipe and sprayed into the centrifuge mechanism through the spray head, the disinfection and sterilization can be carried out in the centrifuge after the centrifugation is finished by matching with the ultraviolet disinfection lamp, so that the harm to personnel caused by the opened seal cover caused by the fact that infectious substances in a specimen are dispersed in the centrifuge is avoided, meanwhile, after the disinfection is carried out after the centrifugation is finished, the corresponding lower tube body can be pulled out from the sponge ring by rotating the through hole on the material taking ring to the corresponding position of the centrifuge tube, the sample test tube is taken out, the disinfectant is injected into the sponge ring, the disinfectant can also be disinfected to the outer walls of the lower tube body and the test tube in the pulling process, so that the sample test tube can be taken out without opening the seal cover after the centrifugation is finished, the space in the centrifuge is completely disinfected by the ultraviolet disinfection lamp and the disinfectant spray head, the experiment time is saved, and meanwhile, the taken out lower tube body can also be cleaned, so that the centrifuge is convenient to clean.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a part of the assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an outer unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a receiving plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a vertical section of a take-off ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a longitudinal section of a centrifuge tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the main element symbols are as follows:

the device comprises an outer machine 1, a support 11, a reserved groove 12, a support rod 13, a motor base 14, a mounting ring 141, an adjusting groove 142, a sliding groove 15, a sealing cover 2, an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp 21, a disinfectant spray head 23, a centrifugal mechanism 3, a machine shell 31, a motor 32, a centrifugal disc 33, a mounting hole 331, a magnetic block 332, a connecting frame 333, a limiting ring 334, a traction frame 41, a handle ring 42, a traction ring 43, a spring 44, a centrifugal tube 5, an upper tube 51, an iron block 511, a first hinge frame 512, an annular groove 513, a lower tube 52, a pull rod 521, a rubber ring 53, a base ring 61, a bearing plate 62, a U-shaped notch 621, a connecting rod 64, an adjusting ring 65, a material taking ring 71, a clamping groove 72, a through hole 73, a sponge ring 74 and a positioning rod 75.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following technical solutions are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the centrifuge of the present invention includes an outer machine 1 and a centrifugal mechanism 3, the centrifugal mechanism 3 is installed in the outer machine 1, a seal cover 2 is installed on the outer machine 1, an ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21 and a disinfectant nozzle 23 are installed in the seal cover 2, the disinfectant nozzle 23 is externally connected with a liquid inlet pipe, disinfectant can be injected through the liquid inlet pipe and sprayed into the centrifugal mechanism 3 through the nozzle 23, the centrifuge can be sterilized after the centrifugation is completed by cooperating with the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 21, so as to avoid harm to personnel caused by infectious substances in a specimen spreading in the centrifuge and causing damage to the opened seal cover 2, a support 11 is installed on the outer machine 1, a support rod 13 is installed on the support 11, a motor base 14 is installed on the support rod 13, the centrifugal mechanism 3 includes a casing 31, a motor 32 and a centrifugal disc 33, a motor base 14 is installed in the casing 31, the motor base 14 is installed on the support rod 13, the motor 32 is installed on the motor base 14, the centrifugal disc 33 is mounted on an output shaft of the motor 32, the centrifugal disc 33 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 331, the bottom of the centrifugal disc 33 is obliquely hinged with a plurality of centrifugal tubes 5, the centrifugal tubes 5 are used for placing sample test tubes, each centrifugal tube 5 comprises an upper tube body 51 and a lower tube body 52, the lower tube body 52 is sleeved on the upper tube body 51, the upper tube body 51 is provided with an upper iron block 511 and a first hinge frame 512, the bottom of the centrifugal disc 33 is provided with a magnet block 332 corresponding to the iron block 511, the bottom of the centrifugal disc 33 is provided with a second hinge frame, the first hinge frame 512 is hinged with the second hinge frame, the casing 31 is provided with a chute 15, a traction frame 41 is mounted in the chute 15, a spring 44 is mounted between the top end of the traction frame 41 and the casing 31, two ends of the traction frame 41 are respectively provided with a handle ring 42 and a traction ring 43, the handle ring 42 is sleeved outside the casing 31, the traction ring 43 is located inside the casing 31, and the upper tube body 51 is located in the traction ring 43, in order to avoid the influence on the sample caused by the high-speed friction generated by the contact between the traction ring 43 and the outer wall of the upper tube 51 due to the deflection of the traction frame 41 in the centrifugal process, the top end of the traction frame 41 is fixedly provided with a limiting column, the top end of the sliding groove 15 is provided with a blind hole through which the limiting column is slidably arranged, and meanwhile, when the traction frame 41 is positioned at the topmost end in the sliding groove 15, the traction ring 43 is not in contact with the outer wall of the upper tube 51, so that the limiting column can only vertically lift the traction frame 41 in the sliding groove 15, the traction ring 43 is driven by the ring 42 to move downwards, the magnetic block 332 can be forced to be separated from the iron block 511 when the traction ring 43 is continuously moved downwards after being in contact with the inclined upper tube 51, so that the centrifugal tube 5 which is hinged to be arranged freely falls and sags, the reserved groove 12 is arranged on the outer machine 1, the material taking ring 71 is rotatably arranged between the machine shell 31 and the motor base 14, the material taking ring 71 can rotate, and the material taking ring 71 is provided with a through hole 73, install sponge ring 74 in through-hole 73, rotate to centrifuging tube 5 corresponding position pair back through getting through-hole 73 on the material ring 71, can pull out the lower body 52 that corresponds in the sponge ring 74, will take out the sample test tube simultaneously, inject the antiseptic solution in the sponge ring 74, still can disinfect the outer wall of lower body 52 and test tube at the process of pulling out, thereby need not to open the closing cap after the centrifugation is accomplished and can take out the sample test tube, need not to wait for ultraviolet sterilamp 21 and disinfectant shower nozzle 23 and disinfect completely the centrifuge inner space, for convenient operation, lower body 52 bottom integrated into one piece has pull rod 521, can make through pull rod 521 and pull it out when taking out lower body 52 through pulling pull rod 521, thereby it pulls down body 52 need not directly to clamp.

Specifically, integrated into one piece has collar 141 on the outer circumference of motor cabinet 14, draw and all seted up draw-in groove 72 on inner circumference and the outer circumference of material ring 71, draw material ring 71 to locate on collar 141 and casing 31 through draw-in groove 72 card respectively, the cover is equipped with base ring 61 on the motor cabinet 14, base ring 61 is located collar 141 upper portion, integrated into one piece has the board of accepting 62 on base ring 61, accept the board 62 equidistance and seted up a plurality of U-shaped breach 621, the quantity of U-shaped breach 621 is the same with centrifuge tube 5's quantity, adjustment tank 142 has been seted up on collar 141, fixed mounting has connecting rod 64 on base ring 61, connecting rod 64 passes adjustment tank 142 and installs adjustable ring 65. After the centrifugation is accomplished, because centrifuge tube 5's position is uncertain, sponge ring 74 is inconvenient when messenger's centrifuge tube 5 after magnetic block 332 and iron plate 511 separate the flagging of free drop of back centrifuge tube 5 and corresponds with centrifuge tube 5's position, the design of accepting board 62 can make the centrifuge tube 5 lower extreme of whereabouts drop and fix a position in accepting board 62 surface or directly falling into U-shaped breach 621, rotate sponge ring 74 to U-shaped breach 621 position and can operate when body 52 is taken out down to needs, and do not directly drop and only need drive base ring 61 through adjustable ring 65 in centrifuge tube 5 that drops in U-shaped breach 621 and rotate, what can make drops on accepting board 62 centrifuge tube 5 drops in U-shaped breach 621. For better making sponge ring 74 correspond to the position of U-shaped gap 621, a plurality of positioning strips 66 corresponding to the position of U-shaped gap 621 are integrally formed on adjusting ring 65, positioning rod 75 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of material taking ring 71, and the positions of positioning strips 66 and positioning rod 75 are passed through.

Specifically, the lower tube 52 has a U-shaped longitudinal section, and a rubber ring 53 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lower tube 52. Can fix the test tube of putting into through rubber ring 53, avoid taking the test tube out in the lump when pulling out down body 52, go up the top of body 51 and seted up ring channel 513, install seal ring in the ring channel 513. The opening end of the upper tube body 51 and the centrifugal disc 33 can be sealed by a sealing washer in the centrifugation process, so that a large amount of infectious substances in the specimen can be prevented from leaking into the centrifuge 31 through the opening end of the upper tube body 51 and the centrifugal disc 33.

Specifically, the bottom of the centrifugal disc 31 is fixedly provided with the connecting frame 333, the end of the connecting frame 333 is fixedly provided with the limiting ring 334, the cross section of the limiting ring 334 is arc-shaped, and when the magnet 332 contacts with the iron block 511, the inner ring wall of the limiting ring 334 contacts with the spherical surface of the lower tube body 52, when a test tube is placed in the box centrifuge tube 5, since the stress direction of most of force is the axial direction of the centrifuge tube 5, the limiting is performed through the limiting ring 334, so that the magnet 332 is better prevented from being separated from the iron block 511 due to excessive force when the test tube is placed, and meanwhile, since the longitudinal cross section of the lower tube body 52 is U-shaped, the spherical surface of the lower tube body 52 contacts with the arc surface of the limiting ring 334, and the influence of the limiting ring.

When the centrifugal tube is required to be used, firstly, a sample test tube needing centrifugal operation is placed into the centrifugal tube 5, disinfectant is injected into the sponge ring 74, then the sealing cover 2 is closed, the motor 32 is started to drive the centrifugal disc 33 to rotate for centrifugal operation, after the centrifugation is finished, the disinfectant can be injected into the centrifugal mechanism 3 through the liquid inlet pipe and sprayed through the spray head 23, the centrifugal mechanism can be sterilized after the centrifugation is finished by matching with the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp 21, the harm to personnel caused when the sealing cover 2 is opened due to the fact that infectious substances in the sample are scattered in the centrifugal mechanism is avoided, the traction ring 43 is driven by the ring 42 to move downwards during the sterilization, the magnetic block 332 and the iron block 511 can be forced to separate when the traction ring 43 continuously moves downwards after being contacted with the inclined upper tube body 51, so that the centrifugal tube 5 which is hinged to fall freely, and then the through hole 73 on the material taking ring 71 is rotated to the corresponding position of the centrifugal tube 5, can pull out the lower tube 52 that will correspond in the sponge ring 74 from, take out the sample test tube, will pull back down tube 52 after taking out the test tube and pull over centrifuge tube 5 simultaneously and make magnetic path 332 and iron plate 511 laminate so that reuse, because be equipped with the antiseptic solution in the sponge ring 74, still can disinfect the outer wall of tube 52 and test tube down in the process of pulling out, thereby need not to open the closing cap after the centrifugation is accomplished and can take out the sample test tube, need not to wait for ultraviolet sterilamp 21 and disinfectant shower nozzle 23 to disinfect completely the centrifuge inner space.

The centrifuge of the present invention has been described in detail above. The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to facilitate an understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a centrifuge, includes outer machine (1) and centrifugal mechanism (3), install in outer machine (1) centrifugal mechanism (3), install closing cap (2), its characterized in that on outer machine (1): install ultraviolet sterilization lamp (21) and disinfectant shower nozzle (23) in closing cap (2), disinfectant shower nozzle (23) are external to have the feed liquor pipe, install support (11) on outer machine (1), install branch (13) on support (11), install motor cabinet (14) on branch (13), centrifugal mechanism (3) are including casing (31), motor (32) and centrifugal disc (33), be equipped with motor cabinet (14) in casing (31), motor cabinet (14) are installed on branch (13), motor (32) are installed on motor cabinet (14), centrifugal disc (33) are installed on the output shaft of motor (32), a plurality of mounting holes (331) have been seted up on centrifugal disc (33), centrifugal disc (33) bottom slope articulates there are a plurality of centrifuging tubes (5), centrifuging tube (5) are including body (51) and lower body (52), the lower pipe body (52) is sleeved on the upper pipe body (51), the upper pipe body (51) is provided with an upper iron block (511) and a first hinged frame (512), the bottom of the centrifugal disc (33) is provided with a magnetic block (332) corresponding to the iron block (511), the bottom of the centrifugal disc (33) is provided with a second hinged frame, the first hinged frame (512) is hinged with the second hinged frame, the casing (31) is provided with a sliding groove (15), the sliding groove (15) is internally provided with a traction frame (41), a spring (44) is arranged between the top end of the traction frame (41) and the casing (31), two ends of the traction frame (41) are respectively provided with a handle ring (42) and a traction ring (43), the handle ring (42) is sleeved outside the casing (31), the traction ring (43) is positioned inside the casing (31), and the upper pipe body (51) is positioned in the traction ring (43), the novel motor is characterized in that a preformed groove (12) is formed in the outer machine (1), a material taking ring (71) is rotatably mounted between the machine shell (31) and the motor base (14), a through hole (73) is formed in the material taking ring (71), and a sponge ring (74) is mounted in the through hole (73).

2. A centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: an installation ring (141) is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the motor base (14), clamping grooves (72) are formed in the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the material taking ring (71), the material taking ring (71) is respectively clamped on the mounting ring (141) and the machine shell (31) through a clamping groove (72), a base ring (61) is sleeved on the motor base (14), the base ring (61) is positioned at the upper part of the mounting ring (141), a bearing plate (62) is integrally formed on the base ring (61), a plurality of U-shaped notches (621) are arranged on the bearing plate (62) at equal intervals, the number of the U-shaped notches (621) is the same as that of the centrifuge tubes (5), an adjusting groove (142) is arranged on the mounting ring (141), a connecting rod (64) is fixedly arranged on the base ring (61), the connecting rod (64) is provided with an adjusting ring (65) through an adjusting groove (142).

3. A centrifuge as defined in claim 2, wherein: a plurality of positioning strips (66) corresponding to the U-shaped notches (621) are integrally formed on the adjusting ring (65), and a positioning rod (75) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the material taking ring (71).

4. A centrifuge as defined in claim 3, wherein: the traction frame is characterized in that a limiting column is fixedly mounted at the top end of the traction frame (41), a blind hole is formed in the top end of the sliding groove (15), and the limiting column penetrates through the blind hole in a sliding mode.

5. A centrifuge as defined in claim 4, wherein: when the traction frame (41) is positioned at the topmost end in the sliding groove (15), the traction ring (43) is not contacted with the outer wall of the upper pipe body (51).

6. A centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the lower pipe body (52) is U-shaped, and a rubber ring (53) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lower pipe body (52).

7. A centrifuge as defined in claim 6, wherein: an annular groove (513) is formed in the top end of the upper pipe body (51), and a sealing gasket is installed in the annular groove (513).

8. A centrifuge as defined in claim 7, wherein: the centrifugal disc is characterized in that a connecting frame (333) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the centrifugal disc (31), a limiting ring (334) is fixedly mounted at the end of the connecting frame (333), the section of the limiting ring (334) is arc-shaped, and when the magnetic block (332) contacts with the iron block (511), the inner annular wall of the limiting ring (334) contacts with the spherical surface of the lower pipe body (52).

9. A centrifuge as defined in claim 8, wherein: the pull rod (521) is integrally formed at the bottom end of the lower tube body (52).