CN111406852A - Formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111406852A
CN111406852A CN202010402791.6A CN202010402791A CN111406852A CN 111406852 A CN111406852 A CN 111406852A CN 202010402791 A CN202010402791 A CN 202010402791A CN 111406852 A CN111406852 A CN 111406852A
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Prior art keywords
parts
powder
vitamin
litopenaeus vannamei
formula feed
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CN202010402791.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李军亮
牛凤池
莫颖
郑会才
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Zhongshan Suntai Feedstuff Co ltd
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Zhongshan Suntai Feedstuff Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010402791.6A priority Critical patent/CN111406852A/en
Publication of CN111406852A publication Critical patent/CN111406852A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/105Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/158Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26Compounds containing phosphorus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of flour, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.

Description

Formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to aquatic animal feed, in particular to a formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The litopenaeus vannamei (L itopenaeus vannamei) has the advantages of high growth speed, wide salinity adaptation, high investment and high return and the like, the culture scale is rapidly enlarged since the introduction into China, and the culture yield is the first of the litopenaeus vannamei.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a formula feed for improving the immunity of the litopenaeus vannamei and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The formula feed for improving immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of defatted yellow meal worm powder, 10-20 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of flour, 1-5 parts of beer yeast, 1-5 parts of astragalus powder, 1-5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 1-5 parts of fish oil, 1-5 parts of soybean oil, 0.2-1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2-1 part of choline chloride, 0.2-0.6 part of vitamin C and 0.1-0.3 part of compound multi-vitamin.
As a further improvement of the invention, the formula feed for improving the immunity of the litopenaeus vannamei comprises the following raw materials:
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of flour, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the formula feed for improving the immunity of the litopenaeus vannamei comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing: accurately weighing each component according to the formula amount for later use;
(2) premixing: crushing fish meal, mixing with defatted yellow meal worm powder, flour, beer yeast, monocalcium phosphate, radix astragali powder, eucommia bark powder, choline chloride, vitamin C and compound multi-vitamin, and uniformly stirring by a mixer for 200s to obtain a mixed material for later use;
(3) mixing: carrying out superfine grinding on the uniformly mixed material in the step (2), adding fish oil and soybean oil, and continuously mixing uniformly;
(4) tempering: adding the cloudy material obtained in the step (3) into a conditioner, introducing hot moxibustion water vapor, and maintaining the temperature of the material and the space at 100 +/-5 ℃ for conditioning;
(5) molding: the material after the tempering in the step (4) is extruded and formed in a granulator and discharged;
(6) straightening: and (3) drying the feed particles prepared in the step (5) at 75 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve, keeping the particles and discarding fine powder, and storing or packaging the obtained particles.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the formula feed for improving the immunity of the litopenaeus vannamei comprises the step (4) of selecting the tempering temperature of 100 ℃ and the tempering time of 5 minutes.
The invention has the advantages of
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention adds degreased flour weevil powder, beer yeast, radix astragali powder and eucommia bark powder on the basis of the components of the conventional fish feed, the degreased flour weevil powder is a novel insect source protein raw material, is processed by taking fly maggots, flour weevils and locusts as raw materials according to a scientific formula and proportion, and is a novel feed additive product with high protein content and rich various trace elements, in particular containing chitin, natural antimicrobial peptide and other substances. The defatted tenebrio molitor powder is a high-grade protein raw material with lower cost, and has remarkable effect in improving animal immunity. Contains 17 amino acids, more than 67 percent of protein, antibacterial peptide, chitin and the like, has the main functions of 1 strengthening immunity, 2 improving digestive function, promoting the reproduction of intestinal beneficial bacteria, inhibiting the breeding of harmful bacteria, reducing the growth chance of coliform bacteria, and 3, can produce peptide antibiotics, and has the functions of promoting the growth, protecting health and improving disease resistance of animals. The beer yeast contains various growth factors, has the effects of promoting the growth of animals, improving the utilization rate of feed, improving disease resistance and improving meat quality, and has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, no residue, no drug resistance, no environmental pollution and the like which are not possessed by antibiotic drugs. The radix astragali powder can improve the nonspecific immunity of the litopenaeus vannamei. The eugenol diglucoside contained in Eucommiae cortex powder can enhance animal endurance, tranquilize and calm, resist oxidation, reduce cholesterol and neutral fat, and reduce liver tissue lipid peroxide.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiment of the invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 20 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of flour, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are as follows:
(1) weighing: accurately weighing each component according to the formula amount for later use;
(2) premixing: crushing bean pulp, mixing with defatted tenebrio molitor powder, flour, beer yeast, monocalcium phosphate, radix astragali powder, eucommia ulmoides powder, choline chloride, vitamin C and compound multi-vitamin, and uniformly stirring by a mixer for 200s to obtain a mixed material for later use;
(3) mixing: carrying out superfine grinding (sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes) on the uniformly mixed material in the step (2), adding fish oil and soybean oil, and continuously mixing uniformly for 210 seconds;
(4) tempering: adding the uniformly mixed material obtained in the step (3) into a conditioner, introducing hot moxibustion water vapor, keeping the temperature of the material and the space at 100 +/-5 ℃, and conditioning for 5 minutes;
(5) molding: the material after the tempering in the step (4) is extruded and formed in a bulking machine and then discharged;
(6) straightening: and (3) drying the feed particles prepared in the step (5) at 75 ℃ for 40min, cooling to room temperature, sieving, keeping the particles and removing fine powder, and storing or packaging the obtained particles.
Example 2
38 parts of defatted yellow mealworm powder, 20 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of peanut bran, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Example 3
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 10 parts of fish meal, 30 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Example 4
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 10 parts of blood meal, 20 parts of bean pulp, 10 parts of meat and bone meal, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Example 5
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 10 parts of chicken powder, 20 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of meat and bone meal, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
30 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 28 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of flour, 3 parts of feather meal, 4 parts of beer yeast, 4 parts of astragalus powder, 4 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
25 parts of defatted yellow mealworm powder, 25 parts of bean pulp, 28 parts of peanut bran, 6 parts of feather meal, 3 parts of beer yeast, 3 parts of astragalus powder, 3 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
20 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 18 parts of fish meal, 40 parts of soybean meal, 9 parts of feather meal, 2 parts of beer yeast, 2 parts of astragalus powder, 2 parts of eucommia powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
10 parts of defatted yellow mealworm powder, 23 parts of blood meal, 25 parts of bean pulp, 20 parts of meat and bone meal, 12 parts of feather meal, 1 part of beer yeast, 1 part of astragalus powder, 1 part of eucommia bark powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 5
30 parts of chicken powder, 28 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of meat and bone meal, 15 parts of feather meal, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
The preparation steps of the litopenaeus vannamei formula feed are the same as example 1.
Test example 1
The feeds prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 were fed to 10 groups of litopenaeus vannamei larvae, and the total survival rate and the Vibrio harveyi challenge survival rate were calculated after continuously feeding for 2 months according to the same method. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 growth index and Vibrio harveyi challenge survival rate
Figure RE-GDA0002527912180000061
The results in Table 1 show that the survival rate and the survival rate against toxic substances obtained in examples 1 to 5 are significantly improved as compared with those obtained in comparative examples 1 to 5.
Test example 2
Respectively filling 10 glass cups with 1L distilled water, adding 100g of the feed prepared in each of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-5 into each glass cup, simultaneously putting 5 litopenaeus vannamei fries with the same size into each glass cup, observing the particle shape in each glass cup after 3 hours, filtering each glass cup after observation, drying and weighing filter residues, and calculating the percentage of the filter residues in the fed amount, wherein the results are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 shape retention results after the feed was administered
Figure RE-GDA0002527912180000071
The results in Table 2 show that the feeds prepared in examples 1 to 5 are less dispersible than those prepared in comparative examples 1 to 5, indicating that the feeds prepared in examples 1 to 5 have better shape retention. Compared with comparative examples 1-5, the feed prepared in examples 1-5 is more ingested by shrimp larvae, which shows that the feed prepared in examples 1-5 is more palatable in viscoelasticity, has more food calling performance and obviously improves the utilization rate of the feed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the protection scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. The formula feed for improving immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of defatted yellow meal worm powder, 10-20 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of flour, 1-5 parts of beer yeast, 1-5 parts of astragalus powder, 1-5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 1-5 parts of fish oil, 1-5 parts of soybean oil, 0.2-1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2-1 part of choline chloride, 0.2-0.6 part of vitamin C and 0.1-0.3 part of compound multi-vitamin.
2. The formula feed for improving immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials:
38 parts of degreased yellow mealworm powder, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of flour, 5 parts of beer yeast, 5 parts of astragalus powder, 5 parts of eucommia bark powder, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of vitamin C and 0.1 part of compound multi-vitamin.
3. A preparation method of a formula feed for improving immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) weighing: accurately weighing each component according to the formula amount for later use;
(2) premixing: crushing fish meal, mixing with defatted yellow meal worm powder, flour, beer yeast, monocalcium phosphate, radix astragali powder, eucommia bark powder, choline chloride, vitamin C and compound multi-vitamin, and uniformly stirring by a mixer for 200s to obtain a mixed material for later use;
(3) mixing: carrying out superfine grinding on the uniformly mixed material in the step (2), adding fish oil and soybean oil, and continuously mixing uniformly;
(4) tempering: adding the cloudy material obtained in the step (3) into a conditioner, introducing hot moxibustion water vapor, and maintaining the temperature of the material and the space at 100 +/-5 ℃ for conditioning;
(5) molding: the material after the tempering in the step (4) is extruded and formed in a granulator and discharged;
(6) straightening: and (3) drying the feed particles prepared in the step (5) at 75 ℃ for 2h, cooling to room temperature, sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve, keeping the particles and discarding fine powder, and storing or packaging the obtained particles.
4. The preparation method of the formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the tempering temperature in the step (4) is selected to be 100 ℃, and the tempering time is 5 minutes.
CN202010402791.6A 2020-05-13 2020-05-13 Formula feed for improving immunity of litopenaeus vannamei and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN111406852A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114271410A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-05 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 Feather meal-containing prawn feed and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114271410A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-05 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 Feather meal-containing prawn feed and preparation method thereof

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