CN111406847A - Preparation method of piglet concentrated feed and daily ration in nursing period - Google Patents
Preparation method of piglet concentrated feed and daily ration in nursing period Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a piglet concentrated feed and a preparation method of daily ration in a nursery period, aiming at overcoming the technical problems of poor digestibility, low breeding benefit and inconvenient dosing of farmers existing in the conventional piglet feed. The method mainly comprises the following steps: mixing the crushed soybean meal with the puffed soybean, the fish meal, the whey powder, the soybean protein concentrate, the calcium hydrophosphate, the stone powder, the glucose, the sodium chloride, the compound amino acid, the trace element premix and the vitamin premix, granulating, cooling, crushing to obtain a concentrated material, and mixing with an equal amount of corn flour to obtain the daily ration for the nursery period. The feed has a reasonable formula, is assisted by feed processing technical measures, improves the physical structure and chemical characteristics of raw materials, further improves the nutritional value of the feed, can improve the utilization rate of the feed by a swinery by using the daily ration prepared by concentrating the piglets, and is simple to use and operate, thereby comprehensively improving the production performance of the pig farm; the invention can obviously improve the digestion and absorption functions of piglets, greatly reduce the diarrhea proportion of the piglets and greatly reduce the use of medicaments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a piglet concentrated feed and a daily ration in a nursery period, belonging to the field of feed processing technologies.
Background
The nursery stage is an important stage in the growth and development of the swine. The pigs at this stage are different from suckling pigs and big pigs in terms of growth and development, thermoregulation, body immunity and the like, and the pigs at this stage also face the problem of group change; meanwhile, active immunity still needs to be stimulated in the nursery period, which is also a period of rapid growth and development. Therefore, the piglet diet in the nursery period directly influences the whole-course breeding production speed and the breeding benefit.
The main physiological characteristics of nursery pigs are as follows: poor cold resistance; the growth and development speed is high, and the requirement on nutrition is high; the autoimmune system is still in the development stage, and is susceptible to diseases, such as respiratory diseases, transmissible gastroenteritis, swine fever, pseudorabies and the like, the development of the digestive tract is not complete, the diarrhea pressure is high, and the gastrointestinal tract can only develop and mature when the weight reaches 50kg generally; the stress resistance is poor, and stress diarrhea and feed intake reduction are easily caused by stress conditions such as group transfer, material change, environmental change and the like.
Therefore, the daily ration requirement of the piglets in the nursery period is higher, and the uniqueness of the daily ration is reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide piglet concentrated feed with good palatability and balanced nutrition and daily ration for a nursery period, so as to solve the technical problems of poor digestibility, low breeding benefit and inconvenience in dosing of farmers in the existing piglet feed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a piglet concentrated feed is designed, and comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the soybean meal, and enabling 35-45% of crushed materials to pass through a 40-60-mesh sieve;
(2) taking 45-55 parts by weight of the powder obtained in the step (1), adding 15-25 parts by weight of expanded soybean, 5-10 parts by weight of fish meal, 8-10 parts by weight of whey powder, 3-5 parts by weight of soybean protein concentrate, 3-4 parts by weight of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2 parts by weight of stone powder, 3-6 parts by weight of glucose, 1-1.5 parts by weight of sodium chloride, 1.5-4.5 parts by weight of compound amino acid, 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of trace element premix feed and 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of vitamin premix feed, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) granulating the mixed material obtained in the step (2), cooling and crushing, and enabling 55-65% of the crushed material to pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a concentrated material.
In the step (2), the complex amino acid comprises: 1-2 parts of lysine, 0.2-0.5 part of methionine, 0.2-0.5 part of tryptophan, 0.2-0.4 part of valine and 0.2-0.8 part of tryptophan.
In the step (2), the trace element premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials:
15-18 parts of methionine chelated copper, 200-280 parts of glycine iron, 100-150 parts of acid-resistant zinc oxide, 25-36 parts of methionine manganese, 22-35 parts of calcium iodate with 1% of effective component, 45-55 parts of yeast selenium, 250-350 parts of starch and 100-400 parts of montmorillonite.
In the step (2), the vitamin premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials:
22-30 parts of 50 ten thousand units of vitamin A, 115-25 parts of vitamin B, 230-40 parts of vitamin B, 640-50 parts of vitamin B, 310-12 parts of 50 ten thousand units of vitamin D, 110-140 parts of vitamin E with 50% of effective components, 60-80 parts of nicotinamide with 99% of effective components, 40-50 parts of pantothenic acid with 92% of effective components and 550-680 parts of rice hull powder.
In the step (3), the granulation temperature is controlled to be 85-95 ℃, the tempering time is 180 seconds, the aperture of the circular mold is 2.5, and the compression ratio is 1: 4.5.
in the step (3), after granulation, the 10-standard sieve tablets are adopted for crushing.
A preparation method of a daily ration for piglets in a nursery period comprises the following steps:
and (3) uniformly mixing the concentrated material with corn flour according to the weight ratio of 50: 45-55, wherein the powder with the granularity of 35-45% of the corn flour passes through a 60-mesh sieve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the positive and beneficial technical effects that:
1. the invention improves the physical structure and chemical characteristics of each main raw material by reasonable formula and assisted with feed processing technical measures, thereby improving the comprehensive nutritive value of the feed, and the ration prepared by concentrating the piglets can improve the utilization rate of the feed by the swinery, thereby comprehensively improving the production performance of the pig farm.
2. The preparation process of the concentrated feed is simple, the curing degree of the raw materials is improved and harmful bacteria carried by the raw materials can be killed by curing and granulating the materials, and meanwhile, the same amount of corn is only needed to be added when the complete feed is prepared in a pig farm, so that the preparation efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
3. Can obviously improve the digestion and absorption functions of the piglets, greatly reduce the diarrhea proportion of the piglets and greatly reduce the use of medicines.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The equipment involved in the following examples is conventional in the art unless otherwise specified; the related feed raw materials and reagents are conventional commercial products in the field if not specifically stated.
Embodiment 1 a method for preparing a daily ration for piglets in a nursery period mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, bean pulp is crushed by a micro crusher (No. 20 sieve sheet) by virtue of Rundde of Yangzhou family, and 60 percent of materials pass through a 60-mesh sieve as a standard; the main function of the raw material micro powder is to improve the pretreatment effect of the raw material and the quality of the finished product.
(2) Adding 16 parts of expanded soybean, 10 parts of fish meal (imported from Denmark: 999), 8 parts of whey powder, 3 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of stone powder, 3 parts of glucose, 1 part of sodium chloride, 1.4 parts of lysine, 0.3 part of methionine, 0.5 part of tryptophan, 0.2 part of valine, 0.6 part of tryptophan, 1 part of trace element premix feed and 2 parts of vitamin premix feed into 49 parts of the material obtained in the step (1) by weight, and uniformly mixing, so that various nutritional ingredients are uniformly distributed, and the utilization efficiency of the feed is improved.
The trace element premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 16 parts of methionine chelated copper, 240 parts of glycine iron, 130 parts of acid-resistant zinc oxide, 30 parts of methionine manganese, 28 parts of calcium iodate (1%), 50 parts of yeast selenium, 300 parts of starch and 250 parts of montmorillonite.
The vitamin premixed feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 22-30 parts of vitamin A (50 ten thousand units), 120 parts of vitamin B, 235 parts of vitamin B, 645 parts of vitamin B, 11 parts of vitamin D3 (50 ten thousand units), 125 parts of vitamin E (50%), 70 parts of nicotinamide (99%), 45 parts of pantothenic acid (92%) and 610 parts of rice hull powder.
(3) Granulating the material obtained in the step (2) through a granulator (the granulating temperature is controlled to be 85-95 ℃, the tempering time is 180 seconds, the aperture of a circular mold is 2.5, and the compression ratio is 1: 4.5), cooling and crushing (adopting No. 10 standard sieve sheets), and enabling 60% of the crushed material to pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a concentrated piglet feed;
the effect of granulation: the raw materials which have great influence on the digestion and absorption of the piglets are cured at high temperature, the carried germs are killed, and the digestion, absorption and conversion rate of the piglets on the feed are improved.
(4) And (4) adding the concentrated material obtained in the step (3) and corn flour (the granularity of the powder is controlled to be 40 percent and the powder passes through a 60-mesh sieve) in the same amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the corn flour.
Embodiment 2 a method for preparing a daily ration for piglets in a nursery period, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, bean pulp is crushed by a micro crusher (No. 20 sieve sheet) by virtue of Rundde of Yangzhou family, and 60 percent of materials pass through a 60-mesh sieve as a standard; the function of the raw material micro powder is to improve the pretreatment effect of the raw material and the quality of the finished product.
(2) Taking 52 parts of the material obtained in the step (1), adding 15 parts of expanded soybean, 8 parts of imported fish meal, 7 parts of whey powder, 4 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of stone powder, 4 parts of glucose, 1 part of sodium chloride, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of methionine, 0.2 part of tryptophan, 0.2 part of valine, 0.4 part of tryptophan, 1 part of trace element premix feed and 2 parts of vitamin premix feed into the material, and uniformly mixing the materials so as to uniformly distribute various nutrient components and improve the utilization efficiency of the feed.
The trace element premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 8 parts of methionine chelated copper, 280 parts of glycine iron, 120 parts of acid-resistant zinc oxide, 36 parts of methionine manganese, 35 parts of calcium iodate (1%), 55 parts of yeast selenium, 216 parts of starch and 250 parts of montmorillonite.
The vitamin premixed feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 30 parts of vitamin A (50 ten thousand units), 125 parts of vitamin B, 240 parts of vitamin B, 650 parts of vitamin B, 12 parts of vitamin D3 (50 ten thousand units), 140 parts of vitamin E (50%), 80 parts of nicotinamide (99%), 50 parts of pantothenic acid (92%) and 680 parts of rice hull powder.
(3) Granulating the material obtained in the step (2) through a granulator (the granulating temperature is controlled to be 85-95 ℃, the tempering time is 180 seconds, the aperture of a circular mold is 2.5, and the compression ratio is 1: 4.5), cooling and crushing (adopting No. 10 standard sieve sheets), and enabling 60% of the crushed material to pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a concentrated piglet feed;
the effect of granulation: the raw materials which have great influence on the digestion and absorption of the piglets are cured at high temperature, the carried germs are killed, and the digestion, absorption and conversion rate of the piglets on the feed are improved.
(4) And (4) adding the concentrated material obtained in the step (3) and corn flour (the granularity of the powder is controlled to be 40 percent and the powder passes through a 60-mesh sieve) in the same amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the corn flour.
Embodiment 3 a method for preparing a piglet nursing period ration, comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, bean pulp is crushed by a micro crusher (No. 20 sieve sheet) by virtue of Rundde of Yangzhou family, and 60 percent of materials pass through a 60-mesh sieve as a standard; the function of the raw material micro powder is as follows: the pretreatment effect of the raw materials and the quality of finished products are improved.
(2) And (2) taking 48 parts by weight of the material obtained in the step (1), adding 18 parts of expanded soybean, 10 parts of imported fish meal, 6 parts of whey powder, 4 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of stone powder, 4 parts of glucose, 1 part of sodium chloride, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of methionine, 0.2 part of tryptophan, 0.2 part of valine, 0.4 part of tryptophan, 1 part of trace element premix feed and 2 parts of vitamin premix feed into the material, and uniformly mixing the materials so as to uniformly distribute various nutrient components and improve the utilization efficiency of the feed.
The trace element premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 15 parts of methionine chelated copper, 200 parts of glycine iron, 100 parts of acid-resistant zinc oxide, 25 parts of methionine manganese, 22 parts of calcium iodate (1%), 45 parts of yeast selenium, 250 parts of starch and 343 parts of montmorillonite.
The vitamin premixed feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 22 parts of vitamin A (50 ten thousand units), 115 parts of vitamin B, 230 parts of vitamin B, 640 parts of vitamin B, 10 parts of vitamin D3 (50 ten thousand units), 110 parts of vitamin E (50%), 60 parts of nicotinamide (99%), 40 parts of pantothenic acid (92%) and 550 parts of rice hull powder.
(3) Granulating the material obtained in the step (2) through a granulator (the granulating temperature is controlled to be 85-95 ℃, the tempering time is 180 seconds, the aperture of a circular mold is 2.5, and the compression ratio is 1: 4.5), cooling and crushing (adopting No. 10 standard sieve sheets), and enabling 60% of the crushed material to pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a concentrated piglet feed;
the effect of granulation: the raw materials which have great influence on the digestion and absorption of the piglets are cured at high temperature, the carried germs are killed, and the digestion, absorption and conversion rate of the piglets on the feed are improved.
(4) And (4) adding the concentrated material obtained in the step (3) and corn flour (the granularity of the powder is controlled to be 40 percent and the powder passes through a 60-mesh sieve) in the same amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the corn flour.
Test examples
The method is implemented in a Tiankang macro-development test base from 12 months to 25 months in 2019, and 320 healthy and uniform piglets with the weight of 15 kg are selected, wherein the male ratio and the female ratio are half. Randomized into 4 groups of 8 replicates each, each replicate 10 pigs (half of a boar and a half of a boar). The control group was a daily ration prepared from a common concentrate, test 1 group was the daily ration prepared in example 1 of the present invention, test 2 group was the daily ration prepared in example 2 of the present invention, and test 3 group was the daily ration prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
The test period is 14 days, and the free feeding, drinking, test pigsty temperature, humidity, illumination and epidemic prevention system are adopted during the test period according to the regulations of the test place.
The skin, hair color, health degree, daily feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio, diarrhea rate and other indexes of the piglets are observed in the test process, and are specifically shown in table 2.
Data processing: data were counted using SPSS 10.0 statistical software and single factor analysis of variance was performed.
TABLE 1 piglet skin coat color score criteria
| Standard score | Skin scoring criteria | Gross color scoring criteria |
| 3 | Ruddy complexion | Bright and soft |
| 2 | Reddish colour | Weak brightness and messy parts |
| 1 | Whitening hair | Coarse, long and irregular |
TABLE 2 Effect of different concentrates on the growth performance and appearance characteristics of piglets
| Index (I) | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 |
| Initial body weight (Kg/head) | 15.18 | 15.06 | 15.25 | 15.2 |
| End body weights (kilograms per head) | 22.9 | 23.3 | 23.7 | 23.5 |
| Daily feed intake (g/d) | 886.4 | 793.3 | 794.6 | 804.6 |
| Daily gain (g/d) | 554 | 592 | 602 | 596 |
| Meat ratio of materials | 1.6 | 1.34 | 1.32 | 1.35 |
| Diarrhea Rate (%) | 15 | 5a | 5a | 7.5a |
| Wool color | 2.2 | 2.92 | 2.88 | 2.9 |
| Skin tone | 2.4 | 2.95 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
Note: the difference between the right shoulder letters in the same column in the table indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).
And (3) analysis: the control group adopts daily ration prepared by common concentrated materials, the daily feed intake is larger than that of the control group by 82-93 g, and the daily gain is lower by only 554 g/day; 12 diarrhea appeared in the test period, and the diarrhea rate is up to 15%. The relative height of the feed to meat ratio is 1.6: 1; the hair color and skin color belong to the middle lower level.
In the test group 1, the daily feed intake is 793.3 g, the daily gain is 592 g, the feed-meat ratio is 1.34:1, 3 diarrhea appears in the test period, the diarrhea is improved by adjusting the feeding times in time, and the death phenomenon does not appear; and the scores of skin color and hair color are higher than those of the control group.
In the test group 2, the daily feed intake is 794.6 g, the daily gain is 602 g, the feed-meat ratio is 1.32:1, 4 diarrhea appears in the test period, the diarrhea is improved by adjusting the feeding times in time, and the death phenomenon does not appear; and the scores of skin color and hair color are higher than those of the control group.
In the test group 3, the daily feed intake is 804.6 g, the daily gain is 596 g, the feed-meat ratio is 1.35:1, 4 diarrhea appears in the test period, the diarrhea is improved by adjusting the feeding times in time, and the death phenomenon does not appear; and the scores of skin color and hair color are higher than those of the control group.
Compared with the common daily ration, the piglet daily ration has the advantages that the daily gain and the feed-meat ratio are both obviously improved, the diarrhea resistance rate is well improved, and the hair color and skin color improving effects of the piglets are very obvious. Not only reduces the dosage in the feeding process, but also increases the income for farmers.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in the specific parameters of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and a plurality of specific embodiments are formed, which are common variations of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a piglet concentrate feed comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the soybean meal, and enabling 35-45% of crushed materials to pass through a 40-60-mesh sieve;
(2) taking 45-55 parts by weight of the powder obtained in the step (1), adding 15-25 parts by weight of expanded soybean, 5-10 parts by weight of fish meal, 8-10 parts by weight of whey powder, 3-5 parts by weight of soybean protein concentrate, 3-4 parts by weight of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2 parts by weight of stone powder, 3-6 parts by weight of glucose, 1-1.5 parts by weight of sodium chloride, 1.5-4.5 parts by weight of compound amino acid, 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of trace element premix feed and 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of vitamin premix feed, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) granulating the mixed material obtained in the step (2), cooling and crushing, and enabling 55-65% of the crushed material to pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a concentrated material.
2. The method for preparing the piglet concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the compound amino acid comprises:
1-2 parts of lysine, 0.2-0.5 part of methionine, 0.2-0.5 part of tryptophan, 0.2-0.4 part of valine and 0.2-0.8 part of tryptophan.
3. The preparation method of the concentrated feed for the piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the microelement pre-mixed feed is prepared from the following raw materials:
15-18 parts of methionine chelated copper, 200-280 parts of glycine iron, 100-150 parts of acid-resistant zinc oxide, 25-36 parts of methionine manganese, 22-35 parts of calcium iodate with 1% of effective component, 45-55 parts of yeast selenium, 250-350 parts of starch and 100-400 parts of montmorillonite.
4. The method for preparing the concentrated feed for the piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the vitamin premix feed is prepared from the following raw materials:
22-30 parts of 50 ten thousand units of vitamin A, 115-25 parts of vitamin B, 230-40 parts of vitamin B, 640-50 parts of vitamin B, 310-12 parts of 50 ten thousand units of vitamin D, 110-140 parts of vitamin E with 50% of effective components, 60-80 parts of nicotinamide with 99% of effective components, 40-50 parts of pantothenic acid with 92% of effective components and 550-680 parts of rice hull powder.
5. The preparation method of the concentrated piglet feed according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the granulation temperature is controlled to be 85-95 ℃, the tempering time is 180 seconds, the aperture of the circular mold is 2.5, and the compression ratio is 1: 4.5.
6. the method for preparing the concentrated feed for the piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the standard No. 10 sieve tablets are adopted for the pulverization after the granulation.
7. A preparation method of a daily ration for piglets in a nursery period comprises the following steps:
taking the concentrate obtained in any one of claims 1-6, and uniformly mixing the concentrate with corn flour according to the weight ratio of 50: 45-55, wherein the granularity of the corn flour is controlled to be 35-45%, and the powder passes through a 60-mesh sieve.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111955614A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-20 | 眉山市丹福饲料有限公司 | Pig feed preparation process and pig feed prepared by same |
| CN114376089A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-22 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Premix for sows, barley-type daily ration for lactation period and preparation method thereof |
| CN114601057A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-10 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Piglet biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114601058A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-10 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Piglet concentrated feed, complete ration and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114376089A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-22 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Premix for sows, barley-type daily ration for lactation period and preparation method thereof |
| CN114601057A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-10 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Piglet biological fermentation feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114601058A (en) * | 2022-04-09 | 2022-06-10 | 河南宏展生物科技有限公司 | Piglet concentrated feed, complete ration and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200714 |