CN110583858A - Glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a pig feed, wherein the granular suckling pig feed is coated with a glycolipid coating, and the granular suckling pig feed is composed of corn, puffed corn, broken rice, wheat, puffed soybean, fish meal, soybean protein concentrate, yeast hydrolysate, wheat protein hydrolysate, high-protein whey powder, skimmed milk powder, compound vitamins, suckling pig compound enzyme, 5000 units of high-temperature resistant phytase, a traditional Chinese medicine compound, compound trace elements, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride, zinc oxide, compound organic acid, 50% choline chloride, L-lysine, DL-methionine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan in parts by weight; the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed prepared by the invention is rich in nutrition such as compound polysaccharide and emulsified fat, and has the characteristics of good palatability, high utilization rate, high appetite, fast growth speed, no diarrhea, stress resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pig feed, in particular to a granular suckling pig feed prepared by taking glycolipid as a coating.
Background
The piglets are the most critical stage in the whole growth process of the pigs, the quality of piglet feeding directly influences the whole growth process of the pigs, influences the physique of the bred pigs, the survival rate of breeding and the feeding cost, and also influences the economic benefit of breeding. The key factors influencing piglet breeding are numerous, such as: inheritance, digestive physiology, breeding management, pig raising environment, feed quality, feed type and the like of the variety. Because the quality and the feed type of the feed are one of the important factors for determining the breeding effect of the piglets, how to process the high-quality feed and the feed type suitable for the weaning piglets is the responsibility of feed technologists.
The piglet feed is used for feeding piglets before and after weaning, and is also called piglet feed or piglet starter feed. In the piglet stage, the piglets are called piglets after 8-10 weeks of birth and are weaned for 4-5 weeks (namely, the piglets are called piglets because the weaning date 1 is taken with breast milk, and the secretion of the breast milk of the sow is reduced at the beginning after 4 weeks, so the piglets are weaned for 4 weeks or so to 5 weeks and begin to eat non-milk feed, at the moment, the weight of the piglets is about 25.30kg from 1.25kg of the newborn piglets to about 8 weeks, the death rate of the piglets is 5-10 percent after birth to weaning, the highest death rate is 20 percent, the death rate is high, and the piglets are mostly caused by factors such as large delivery number, insufficient breast milk, unhealthy digestive organs, poor immunity and the like.
The formula and the processing method of the piglet feed are determined according to the characteristics of the digestion physiology, the growth and development and the weaning period of piglets and the requirements of the nutritional formula.
As is well known, the difficulty in the development and development of feed products lies in the feed for young livestock and poultry, and how to improve the digestibility of the feed for young livestock and poultry and reduce or reduce anti-nutritional factors becomes a subject actively studied by animal nutriologists in recent years. For young livestock and poultry, particularly for piglets, the metabolism function is vigorous, the relative growth is rapid, and the requirement on the nutrient substances of daily food is high.
The glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed prepared by the invention is rich in nutrition such as compound polysaccharide and emulsified fat, and has the characteristics of good palatability, high utilization rate, high appetite, fast growth speed, no diarrhea, stress resistance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of indigestion, diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal development incompetence and the like caused by interrupting various stresses of suckling piglets in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed, which is coated with a glycolipid coating, and specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-22 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of expanded corn, 0-15 parts of broken rice, 0-15 parts of wheat, 5-10 parts of expanded soybean, 3-7 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 1.5-2.5 parts of yeast hydrolysate, 0-2 parts of wheat protein hydrolysate, 8-15 parts of high-protein whey powder, 0-8 parts of skimmed milk powder, 0.03-0.05 part of compound vitamin, 0.05-0.1 part of porket complex enzyme, 0.01-0.05 part of 5000 units of high-temperature resistant phytase, 0.05-0.2 part of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 0.1-0.2 part of compound trace element, 0.6-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3-1.0 part of mountain flour, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.2 part of zinc oxide, 0.5-1.5 part of compound organic acid, 0.05-0.15 part of 50% choline chloride, 0.3-0.6 part of L-98% of L-lysine with the concentration of L-98%, 0.1-0.3 part of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.5 part of L-threonine and 0.02-0.08 part of L-tryptophan, wherein the glycolipid coating specifically comprises polysaccharide pulp with the weight ratio of 10-100: 5-20: the polysaccharide pulp consists of the following components in percentage by weight of 100: 0-100: 0 to 100:0 to 500: 10-100 parts of glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltodextrin, wherein the emulsified fat slurry is prepared from the following components in a weight ratio of 100: 0-100: 10-30: 3-15 of soybean oil, coconut oil, sucrose ester and clean water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing materials according to the components of the granular piglet feed shown in claim 1 by weight;
step two, crushing all the raw materials of corn, expanded corn, broken rice, wheat, expanded soybean, fish meal and the like prepared in the step one, and mixing the raw materials in proportion to obtain a mixture A;
step three, mixing all the raw materials prepared in the step one, such as soybean protein concentrate, yeast hydrolysate, wheat protein hydrolysate, high-protein whey powder, skimmed milk powder, compound vitamins, porket complex enzyme, 5000 units of high-temperature resistant phytase, a traditional Chinese medicine compound, compound trace elements, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride, zinc oxide, compound organic acid, 50% choline chloride, 98% L-lysine, DL-methionine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan and the like in proportion to obtain a mixture B;
step four, performing primary high-temperature granulation on the mixture A, cooling and then crushing to obtain a mixture C;
step five, mixing the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain a mixture D;
step six, mixing all the glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltodextrin and the like prepared in the step one with clean water according to a proportion to prepare polysaccharide slurry;
step seven, mixing all the soybean oil, the coconut oil and the sucrose ester prepared in the step one with clean water according to a proportion, homogenizing and emulsifying, and then obtaining emulsified fat slurry through a high shear machine;
and step eight, spraying the polysaccharide slurry and the emulsified fat slurry on the mixture D according to a proportion, and obtaining the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer.
Furthermore, the crushing fineness of all the raw materials in the mixture A is 10-20 meshes.
Further, the preparation conditions for preparing the mixture C in the step 5 are specifically as follows:
1) the temperature of high-temperature granulation is 80-100 ℃;
2) the compression ratio of the ring die is 1: 6-10, and the aperture of the ring die is 3.0-5.0;
3) the crushing fineness is 20-40 meshes.
Further, the mixing time for preparing the mixture D by mixing the mixture B and the mixture C is 120-180 s.
Further, the polysaccharide slurry prepared in step six has a concentration of 50% -60%.
Further, the homogenizing and emulsifying temperature of the emulsified fat slurry is 50-80 ℃.
Further, the weight ratio of the polysaccharide slurry, the emulsified fat slurry and the mixture D in the step eight is as follows: 10-100: 5-20: 50-100;
the technical parameters of the spray granulation fluidized bed dryer are as follows: the fluidization area is 1.0-5.0 m2, the water evaporation capacity is 200-1000 kg/h, the fan power is 25-120 kw, and the particle size of the product is 0.3-4.0 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed prepared by the invention is rich in nutrition such as compound polysaccharide and emulsified fat, and has the characteristics of good palatability, high utilization rate, high appetite, fast growth speed, no diarrhea, stress resistance and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
All the raw and auxiliary materials, reagents, instruments and equipment selected for use in the present invention are well known in the art and are not intended to limit the practice of the present invention, and other reagents and equipment known in the art may be used in the practice of the following embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparing 696kg of feed from 200kg of corn, 166kg of puffed corn, 100kg of broken rice, 100kg of wheat, 80kg of puffed soybean and 50kg of fish meal, crushing with a 10-mesh sieve sheet, granulating at high temperature of 90 ℃, cooling, and crushing with a 30-mesh sieve sheet to obtain 696kg of cooked feed. Then mixing with 80kg of soybean protein concentrate, 20kg of yeast hydrolysate, 20kg of wheat protein hydrolysate, 100kg of high-protein whey powder, 40kg of skimmed milk powder, 0.4kg of compound vitamin, 1kg of suckling pig compound enzyme, 0.1kg of high-temperature resistant phytase, 1kg of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 2kg of compound trace elements, 12 kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 5kg of stone powder, 1kg of 50% choline chloride, 2kg of zinc oxide, 8kg of compound organic acid, 5.5 kgL-lysine (98%), 2kg of DL-methionine, 3.5 kgL-threonine and 0.5 kgL-tryptophan for 120s to obtain 1000kg of complete piglet feed.
200kg of glucose, 50kg of fructose, 50kg of sucrose, 200kg of maltodextrin and 400kg of clean water are fully mixed to prepare 900kg of composite polysaccharide pulp.
50kg of soybean oil, 20kg of coconut oil, 10kg of sucrose ester and 20kg of clean water are mixed uniformly, emulsified and homogenized at the temperature of 70 ℃, and 100kg of emulsified fat slurry is prepared.
900kg of compound polysaccharide slurry and 100kg of emulsified fat slurry are continuously sprayed on 1000kg of complete piglet feed, and 1600kg of glycolipid coated granular piglet feed (400 kg of water is evaporated) is prepared after passing through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer.
Example 2
The production method comprises the steps of preparing 695kg of feed from 210kg of corns, 205kg of expanded corns, 150kg of broken rice, 60kg of expanded soybeans and 70kg of fish meal, crushing the feed by using 12-mesh sieve sheets, granulating the feed at a high temperature of 92 ℃, cooling the granulated feed, and crushing the granulated feed by using 30-mesh sieve sheets to obtain 695kg of cooked feed. Then mixing with 100kg of soybean protein concentrate, 20kg of yeast hydrolysate, 80kg of high-protein whey powder, 60kg of skimmed milk powder, 0.4kg of compound vitamin, 1kg of suckling pig compound enzyme, 0.1kg of high-temperature resistant phytase, 1kg of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 2kg of compound trace elements, 12 kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 5kg of stone powder, 1kg of 50% choline chloride, 2kg of zinc oxide, 9kg of compound organic acid, 5.5 kgL-lysine (98%), 2kg of DL-methionine, 3.5 kgL-threonine and 0.5 kgL-tryptophan for 180s to obtain 1000kg of complete piglet feed.
200kg of glucose, 100kg of fructose, 100kg of sucrose, 300kg of maltodextrin and 500kg of clean water are fully mixed to prepare 1200kg of composite polysaccharide pulp.
40kg of soybean oil, 30kg of coconut oil, 15kg of sucrose ester and 25kg of clean water are mixed uniformly, emulsified and homogenized at the temperature of 70 ℃ to prepare 110kg of emulsified fat slurry.
1200kg of the compound polysaccharide slurry and 110kg of the emulsified fat slurry are continuously sprayed on 1000kg of complete piglet feed, and 1830kg of glycolipid coated granular piglet feed (480 kg of water is evaporated) is prepared after passing through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer.
Example 3
Preparing 710kg of feed from 200kg of corn, 200kg of puffed corn, 150kg of wheat, 100kg of puffed soybean and 60kg of fish meal, crushing by using 15-mesh sieve sheets, granulating at a high temperature of 95 ℃, cooling, and crushing by using 40-mesh sieve sheets to obtain the aged 710kg of feed. Then 100kg of soybean protein concentrate, 25kg of yeast hydrolysate, 10kg of wheat protein hydrolysate, 125kg of high protein whey powder, 50kg of skimmed milk powder, 0.4kg of compound vitamin, 1kg of suckling pig compound enzyme, 0.1kg of high temperature resistant phytase, 1kg of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 2kg of compound trace elements, 11 kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 5kg of stone powder, 1kg of 50% choline chloride, 2kg of zinc oxide, 10kg of compound organic acid, 5.5 kgL-lysine (98%), 2kg of DL-methionine, 3.5 kgL-threonine and 0.5 kgL-tryptophan are mixed for 150s to obtain 1065kg of complete piglet feed.
250kg of glucose, 150kg of sucrose, 300kg of maltodextrin and 500kg of clean water are fully mixed to prepare 1200kg of composite polysaccharide pulp.
80kg of soybean oil, 20kg of sucrose ester and 30kg of clean water are mixed uniformly, emulsified and homogenized at the temperature of 70 ℃, and 130kg of emulsified fat slurry is prepared.
1200kg of the complex polysaccharide slurry and 130kg of the emulsified fat slurry are continuously sprayed on 1065kg of complete piglet feed, and after passing through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer, 1895kg of glycolipid coated granular piglet feed (495 kg of water is evaporated) is prepared.
Example 4
Preparing 650kg of feed from 100kg of corn, 100kg of puffed corn, 150kg of broken rice, 150kg of wheat, 100kg of puffed soybean and 50kg of fish meal, crushing by using a 20-mesh sieve sheet, granulating at high temperature of 98 ℃, cooling, and crushing by using a 35-mesh sieve sheet to obtain the aged 650kg of feed. Then mixing with 75kg of soybean protein concentrate, 25kg of yeast hydrolysate, 20kg of wheat protein hydrolysate, 150kg of high-protein whey powder, 25kg of skimmed milk powder, 0.4kg of compound vitamin, 1kg of suckling pig compound enzyme, 0.1kg of high-temperature resistant phytase, 1kg of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 2kg of compound trace elements, 11 kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 5kg of stone powder, 1kg of 50% choline chloride, 2kg of zinc oxide, 10kg of compound organic acid, 5.5 kgL-lysine (98%), 2kg of DL-methionine, 3.5 kgL-threonine and 0.5 kgL-tryptophan for 120s to obtain 990kg of complete piglet feed.
150kg of glucose, 150kg of fructose, 150kg of maltodextrin and 400kg of clean water are fully mixed to prepare 850kg of compound polysaccharide pulp.
50kg of soybean oil, 10kg of sucrose ester and 20kg of clean water are mixed uniformly, emulsified and homogenized at the temperature of 75 ℃, and 80kg of emulsified fat slurry is prepared.
850kg of compound polysaccharide slurry and 80kg of emulsified fat slurry are continuously sprayed on 990kg of complete piglet feed, and 1535kg of glycolipid coated granular piglet feed (385 kg of water is evaporated) is prepared after passing through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer.
In examples 1-4 the multivitamin complex is a DSM vitamin complex premix for pigs.
The traditional Chinese medicine compound in the embodiments 1 to 4 is prepared by extracting the following raw materials in parts by weight with water: 6-8 parts of dandelion, 1-2 parts of sophora flower, 1-2 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 6-8 parts of gallnut, 3-5 parts of fructus aristolochiae, 2-4 parts of pomegranate rind, 3-5 parts of pumpkin seed and 2-4 parts of peach kernel.
The nutrient contents of the glycolipid-coated granular suckling pig feed prepared in the first and second examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1.
Example 1-4 preparation of glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed nutrient content
TABLE 1
Second, feeding effect of glycolipid-coated granular suckling pig feed prepared in example 1
240 weaned piglets of 25 days old are selected from a certain hogpen in Xiaoshan, and are randomly divided into 2 groups according to the principle that the weight and the birth times are similar and the sex is half, each group has 6 repetitions, and each repetition has 20 pigs. The control group was fed a normal basal diet and the test group was fed a direct glycolipid coated pellet suckling pig feed for 14 days, the basal diet is shown in table 2 below, and the test results are shown in table 3 below.
Basal diet composition and nutrition
TABLE 2
Note: the 4% premix contains calcium citrate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, sweetener, antioxidant, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, phytase, compound trace elements, choline, compound vitamins, Chinese medicinal compound, etc.
Comparison of results of tests on glycolipid-coated granular suckling pig feed
| Basal diet group | Glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed group | |
| Initial weight (kg/head)) | 8.5±0.2 | 8.52±0.1 |
| Terminal weight (kg/head) | 12.7±0.5a | 13.9±0.4b |
| Daily gain (g/d) | 300.00±22.51a | 384.29±18.93b |
| Daily food intake (g/d) | 350.30±26.75a | 425.50±20.55b |
| Meat ratio of materials | 1.17±0.04 | 1.11±0.05 |
| Rate of diarrhea/%) | 8.38±2.34a | 2.12±0.56b |
TABLE 3
Note: the same row of letters, which are different, represents a significant difference (P <0.01).
As can be seen from table 3: compared with the daily ration of the control group, the daily gain of the weaned piglets fed with the glycolipid coated pellet feed is respectively improved by 28.1 percent compared with that of the control group; the feed intake is respectively improved by 21.47 percent compared with the control group; but the feed meat ratio of each group is not obviously reduced.
The diarrhea rate is obviously reduced by 74.7 percent compared with the control group respectively;
the results show that: the glycolipid coated pellet feed is fed to obviously improve the production performance of weaned pigs, promote the growth of the weaned pigs, improve the daily gain, increase the feed intake and reduce the diarrhea rate.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed is characterized in that the granular suckling pig feed is coated with a glycolipid coating, and the granular suckling pig feed specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-22 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of expanded corn, 0-15 parts of broken rice, 0-15 parts of wheat, 5-10 parts of expanded soybean, 3-7 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 1.5-2.5 parts of yeast hydrolysate, 0-2 parts of wheat protein hydrolysate, 8-15 parts of high-protein whey powder, 0-8 parts of skimmed milk powder, 0.03-0.05 part of compound vitamin, 0.05-0.1 part of porket complex enzyme, 0.01-0.05 part of 5000 units of high-temperature resistant phytase, 0.05-0.2 part of traditional Chinese medicine compound, 0.1-0.2 part of compound trace element, 0.6-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3-1.0 part of mountain flour, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.2 part of zinc oxide, 0.5-1.5 part of compound organic acid, 0.05-0.15 part of 50% choline chloride, 0.3-0.6 part of L-98% of L-lysine with the concentration of L-98%, 0.1-0.3 part of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.5 part of L-threonine and 0.02-0.08 part of L-tryptophan, wherein the glycolipid coating specifically comprises polysaccharide pulp with the weight ratio of 10-100: 5-20: the polysaccharide pulp consists of the following components in percentage by weight of 100: 0-100: 0 to 100:0 to 500: 10-100 parts of glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltodextrin, wherein the emulsified fat slurry is prepared from the following components in a weight ratio of 100: 0-100: 10-30: 3-15 of soybean oil, coconut oil, sucrose ester and clean water.
2. A process for preparing the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing materials according to the components of the granular piglet feed shown in claim 1 by weight;
step two, crushing all the raw materials of corn, expanded corn, broken rice, wheat, expanded soybean, fish meal and the like prepared in the step one, and mixing the raw materials in proportion to obtain a mixture A;
step three, mixing all the raw materials prepared in the step one, such as soybean protein concentrate, yeast hydrolysate, wheat protein hydrolysate, high-protein whey powder, skimmed milk powder, compound vitamins, porket complex enzyme, 5000 units of high-temperature resistant phytase, a traditional Chinese medicine compound, compound trace elements, calcium hydrophosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride, zinc oxide, compound organic acid, 50% choline chloride, 98% L-lysine, DL-methionine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan and the like in proportion to obtain a mixture B;
step four, performing primary high-temperature granulation on the mixture A, cooling and then crushing to obtain a mixture C;
step five, mixing the mixture B and the mixture C to obtain a mixture D;
step six, mixing all the glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltodextrin and the like prepared in the step one with clean water according to a proportion to prepare polysaccharide slurry;
step seven, mixing all the soybean oil, the coconut oil and the sucrose ester prepared in the step one with clean water according to a proportion, homogenizing and emulsifying, and then obtaining emulsified fat slurry through a high shear machine;
and step eight, spraying the polysaccharide slurry and the emulsified fat slurry on the mixture D according to a proportion, and obtaining the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed through a spray granulation fluidized bed dryer.
3. The method for preparing the glycolipid coated granular porket feed according to claim 2 characterized in that all the raw materials in the mixture A are crushed to 10-20 mesh.
4. The process for preparing the glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed according to claim 3, characterized in that the preparation conditions for preparing mixture C in step 5 are specifically:
1) the temperature of high-temperature granulation is 80-100 ℃;
2) the compression ratio of the ring die is 1: 6-10, and the aperture of the ring die is 3.0-5.0;
3) the crushing fineness is 20-40 meshes.
5. The method for preparing the glycolipid coated granular porket feed according to claim 4, characterized in that the mixing time of mixture B and mixture C to prepare mixture D is 120-180 s.
6. The method for preparing the glycolipid coated granular porket feed according to claim 5, characterized in that the concentration of the polysaccharide slurry prepared in step six is 50% -60%.
7. The method for preparing the glycolipid coated granular porket feed according to claim 6, characterized in that the emulsifying temperature of the emulsified fat slurry is 50-80 degrees.
8. The method for preparing the glycolipid coated granular porket feed according to claim 7, characterized in that in step eight the weight ratio of polysaccharide pulp, emulsified fat pulp and mixture D is: 10-100: 5-20: 50-100;
the technical parameters of the spray granulation fluidized bed dryer are as follows: the fluidization area is 1.0-5.0 m2, the water evaporation capacity is 200-1000 kg/h, the fan power is 25-120 kw, and the particle size of the product is 0.3-4.0 mm.
9. The process for preparing a glycolipid coated granular suckling pig feed according to claim 8 characterized in that said multivitamin is in particular a vitamin complex premix for DSM pigs.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |