CN111397891A - Non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device - Google Patents

Non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111397891A
CN111397891A CN202010446531.9A CN202010446531A CN111397891A CN 111397891 A CN111397891 A CN 111397891A CN 202010446531 A CN202010446531 A CN 202010446531A CN 111397891 A CN111397891 A CN 111397891A
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cylinder
shell
diameter
bevel gear
small
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CN111397891B (en
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陈传海
龙珺琪
田海龙
杨兆军
朱其强
陈玮峥
赵新跃
金桐彤
刘勇刚
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device, which solves the problems that the loading of a high-speed electric spindle cannot be realized due to the adoption of contact loading and the loading precision is poor; the simulated cutter clamping mechanism is arranged in the shell of the mounting mechanism, and the rotation axis of the simulated cutter is collinear with the rotation axis of the shell; the radial force loading mechanism is arranged in the shell and sleeved on the simulation cutter, and a turntable motor in the radial force loading mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell and the bottom of the cylinder with the large diameter in the shell; the torque loading mechanism is sleeved on the simulation cutter; the axial force loading mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the simulation cutter and the bottom of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell, and the rotation axes of the axial force loading mechanism and the simulation cutter are collinear; the simulation tool handle is arranged at the top end of the simulation tool.

Description

Non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device, belonging to the technical field of numerical control machine tool spindle product tests, in particular to a non-contact all-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device adopting electromagnetic cutting force and cutting torque cooperative loading.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is used as a working master machine of equipment manufacturing industry, the performance and the quality of the numerical control machine tool reflect the manufacturing industry level of a country, the electric spindle is used as one of core functional components of the numerical control machine tool, the reliability level of the electric spindle directly influences the reliability of the whole numerical control machine tool, a large amount of fault data can be collected through a reliability test, therefore, fault analysis and reliability design improvement are carried out, and the reliability level of the electric spindle is improved.
The reliability test of the electric spindle mainly comprises a reliability field tracking test and a reliability bench test under a laboratory environment; although the reliability field tracking test can reflect the real processing working condition, the test cost is high, the period is long, and the test cannot be reproduced; the working condition of the reliability bench test is controllable, the product failure can be rapidly excited, and the reliability test device has great superiority, so that a plurality of mechanisms and students widely develop the reliability test device of the main shaft, but the loading module of the existing test device has more complex structure and larger volume, so that the load loading precision is low, in addition, most of the loading devices adopt a contact type mixed loading mode, the loading device can only be suitable for the load loading at low rotating speed, and the requirement of high rotating speed loading can not be met, for example, the portable main shaft all-working condition loading and performance detection device disclosed by Chinese patent publication No. CN109406125A and published as 2019.03.01, an axial force loading head of the device is contacted with the bottom of a bearing outer sleeve in the loading process to load the axial force of the main shaft, the axial force is transmitted to a simulation cutter through the sliding friction force among the bearing outer sleeve, the bearing outer ring, a rolling body and the bearing inner ring, because the load transmission is carried out through a plurality of structures in the middle, the axial force actually loaded on the electric spindle can generate certain deviation with the theoretical loading force, and the real working condition cannot be accurately simulated.
For example, the arc guide rail type force loading device of the electric spindle reliability test bed disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN205374030U and publication No. 2016.07.06 has a radial force loading head contacting with a loading unit, the loading unit transfers a radial force through a bearing and a loading rod, and the loading unit in the device is fixedly connected to a ground plane, so that a part of the load is consumed by the loading unit, and a large amount of heat is generated, which cannot realize a long-time reliability test, and has a certain deviation from a real working condition load.
In addition, the existing reliability test device for non-contact cutting force simulation loading of the electric spindle by adopting an electromagnetic mode cannot realize flexible and rapid multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment when applied to a cutting force load, and cannot realize simulation loading of all working condition loads of radial force, axial force and torque. For example, in a non-contact electric spindle reliability test bed disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN207816588U and publication No. 2018.09.04, the device utilizes a non-contact electromagnetic oscillator to realize radial loading of an electric spindle, but the device cannot simulate the change of the direction of cutting force applied to the electric spindle in the machining process in real time, and has low applicability to some machining conditions requiring the continuous change of the direction of cutting force.
The existing device is inconvenient in installation, adjustment, disassembly and other work, the test time and resources are wasted to a certain extent, and the efficiency is low. Based on the device, the non-contact type portable electric spindle reliability testing device based on electromagnetic loading is provided, the non-contact type loading is adopted, the machining working condition can be truly reflected, the force application size and direction can be adjusted in real time, and the device is convenient to disassemble, assemble and adjust.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that loading of a high-speed electric spindle cannot be realized due to adoption of contact loading and loading precision is poor in the prior art, and provides a non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device comprises an installation mechanism, a simulated cutter clamping mechanism, a radial force loading mechanism, a torque loading mechanism, an axial force loading mechanism and a simulated cutter handle;
the simulated cutter clamping mechanism comprises a simulated cutter and a large bevel gear base;
the radial force loading mechanism comprises a gear disc, 4 pulleys with the same structure and a turntable motor;
the torque loading mechanism comprises a rotor winding, a stator winding and a balance ring;
the axial force loading mechanism comprises a No. 1 electromagnet and an axial pressure sensor;
the simulated cutter clamping mechanism is arranged in a shell of the mounting mechanism, the large bevel gear base is in contact connection with an annular convex shoulder in the shell, and the rotation axis of the simulated cutter is collinear with the rotation axis of the shell;
the radial force loading mechanism is arranged in the shell and sleeved on the simulation cutter, the bottom end face of the gear plate is in contact connection with the bottom surface of the inner side of the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell, 4 pulleys with the same structure are in sliding connection with 2 track grooves in the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell, and the turntable motor is arranged on the outer side wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell and the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell; the torque loading mechanism is sleeved on a simulation cutter below the radial force loading mechanism, the rotor winding and the simulation cutter are in interference fit, and the outer wall of the stator winding and the inner hole wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell are in interference fit; the balance ring is clamped on the simulation cutter below the rotor winding;
the axial force loading mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the simulation cutter and the bottom of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell, the axial force loading mechanism and the rotation axis of the simulation cutter are collinear, the top end of the axial force loading mechanism is fixedly connected with the bottom end face of the simulation cutter through a No. 1 electromagnet, and the bottom end of the axial force loading mechanism is fixedly connected with the bottom of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell through an axial pressure sensor; a simulation BT cutter handle or a simulation HSK cutter handle in the simulation cutter handle is arranged at the top end of the simulation cutter, and the simulation BT cutter handle or the simulation HSK cutter handle is in threaded connection with the simulation cutter handle.
The mounting mechanism in the technical scheme also comprises a gasket, a No. 1 flange, a No. 2 flange or a No. 3 flange; the gasket place in the casing on the ring flange that the major diameter drum opened the end setting, the gasket bottom face is connected with the top face contact of the ring flange on the major diameter drum in the casing, the bolt through-hole of equipartition on the gasket aligns with the bolt through-hole of equipartition on the ring flange in the casing, No. 1 ring flange, No. 2 ring flange or No. 3 ring flange are placed on the gasket, No. 1 ring flange, the bottom face of No. 2 ring flange or No. 3 ring flange is connected with the top face contact of gasket, No. 1 ring flange, evenly distributed's screw hole aligns with the bolt through-hole of equipartition on the gasket on No. 2 ring flange or No. 3 ring flange ring shape boss, the casing adopts bolt fixed connection with gasket and No. 1 ring flange, No. 2 ring flange or.
The shell in the technical scheme is a stepped cylindrical structural part, namely the shell consists of a large-diameter cylinder and a small-diameter cylinder; the bottom end of the small-diameter cylinder is closed, the other end of the small-diameter cylinder is open, a circle of plate-shaped radiating fins made of aluminum alloy materials are arranged on the outer wall from the closed end to the open end, two parallel annular track grooves which are identical in structure and matched with pulleys in the radial force loading mechanism are arranged on the inner wall of the open end, and a groove for mounting a turntable motor is arranged on the outer wall of the open end; the center of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with 3 sections of stepped holes, a first section of hole to a third section of hole are sequentially arranged from right to left, the diameter of the first section of hole is equal to that of a large bevel gear base in the simulation tool clamping mechanism, the third section of hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder, and the diameter of the third section of hole is equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter cylinder; one side of the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with a shaft through hole for mounting an output shaft of the turntable motor, and threaded through holes for fixing the turntable motor are uniformly arranged around the shaft through hole; the hole wall of the first section of hole is provided with 1 transmission rod through hole for installing a transmission rod in the simulated cutter clamping mechanism, and screw through holes for fixing No. 3 limiting elements are uniformly arranged around the transmission rod through hole; the open end of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with a flange plate, the outer diameter of the flange plate is larger than that of the large-diameter cylinder, the inner diameter of the flange plate is equal to that of the large-diameter cylinder, the plane of the flange plate is vertical to the rotation axis of the large-diameter cylinder, and bolt holes aligned with the threaded holes in the circular boss of the electric spindle, the No. 1 flange plate, the No. 2 flange plate or the No. 3 flange plate are uniformly distributed on the flange plate; the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder bottom of the small-diameter cylinder are sequentially perpendicular to the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder, the cylinder bottom end of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder opening end of the small-diameter cylinder are connected into a whole, and the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder are collinear.
The simulation tool in the technical scheme is a round bar-shaped structural member consisting of a head part with a tool clamping function and a round shaft, the head part is a cylinder with an open upper end and a closed lower end, an internal thread matched with a simulation tool handle is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, and a circle of head grooves with rectangular cross sections matched with a No. 1 clamp, a No. 1 clamping element of a No. 2 clamp and a No. 2 clamping element are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the cylinder; the bottom end surface of the cylinder and the top end surface of the round shaft are connected into a whole, the bottom end surface of the cylinder and the top end surface of the round shaft are respectively vertical to the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft, and the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft are collinear; the outer wall of the upper end of the circular shaft is provided with a group of mutually parallel circular shaft grooves with the same structure and used for eliminating eddy currents, and the cross section of each circular shaft groove is a semicircular cross section.
The simulated cutter clamping mechanism in the technical scheme further comprises a large bevel gear, a No. 1 clamping mechanism, a No. 2 clamping mechanism and a No. 3 clamping mechanism; the large bevel gear is arranged in the large bevel gear base and is in sliding connection with the large bevel gear base, the simulation tool is arranged at the center of the large bevel gear and the large bevel gear base, the rotation axis of the simulation tool and the rotation axis of the large bevel gear and the large bevel gear base are collinear, the No. 1 clamping mechanism and the No. 2 clamping mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the large bevel gear base through the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support and the No. 2 thread auxiliary support, the rotation axis of the No. 1 clamping mechanism and the No. 2 clamping mechanism is perpendicularly intersected with the rotation axis of the simulation tool, the No. 1 clamping mechanism is in meshing connection with the No. 2 clamping mechanism and the large bevel gear, the No. 3 clamping mechanism is arranged on the large-diameter cylinder in the shell through the transmission rod, the rotation axis of the No. 3 clamping mechanism is perpendicularly intersected with the rotation axis of the simulation tool, and the No. 3 clamping mechanism is in meshing connection with the large bevel.
The No. 1 clamping mechanism and the No. 2 clamping mechanism in the technical scheme have the same structure; the No. 1 clamping mechanism comprises a No. 1 limiting element, a No. 1 screw rod, a No. 1 small bevel gear, a No. 1 internal threaded pipe, a No. 1 spiral auxiliary support and a No. 1 clamp; the No. 2 clamping mechanism comprises a No. 2 limiting element, a No. 2 screw rod, a No. 2 small bevel gear, a No. 2 internal threaded pipe, a No. 2 spiral auxiliary support and a No. 2 clamp; the structure of the No. 1 limiting element is the same as that of the No. 2 limiting element, the structure of the No. 1 screw is the same as that of the No. 2 screw, the structure of the No. 1 bevel pinion is the same as that of the No. 2 bevel pinion, the structure of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe is the same as that of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe, the structure of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support is the same as that of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support, and the structure of the No. 1 clamp is the;
no. 1 spiral auxiliary support adopt the bolt fastening on big bevel gear base, 1 the internal thread pipe pack into the tube-shape structure that the level of 1 number spiral auxiliary support head was placed, be sliding connection between the two, 1 number screw rod packs into 1 the internal thread pipe, be threaded connection between the two, 1 number little bevel gear adopts the key suit on the second section screw rod of 1 number screw rod, 1 number spacing component suit is on the first section screw rod of 1 number screw rod, be threaded connection between the two, the terminal surface that the first section screw rod of 1 number screw rod is close to casing major diameter drum inner wall coincides and does not contact with casing major diameter drum inner wall with the terminal surface that 1 number spacing component is close to casing major diameter drum inner wall, 1 number anchor clamps pass through 1 number unable adjustment base wherein and adopt the fix with screw on 1 number internal thread pipe inner end face.
The No. 3 clamping mechanism in the technical scheme comprises a transmission rod, a No. 3 bevel pinion, a No. 3 limiting element, a limiting sleeve, a locking sleeve, a hand wheel and a locking screw; the number 3 small bevel gear is sleeved on a first section of transmission rod in the transmission rod, the number 3 small bevel gear and the first section of transmission rod are in key connection, the end surface of the number 3 small bevel gear, which is close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool, is in contact connection with a round boss which plays a role in positioning on the transmission rod, the number 3 limiting element is sleeved on a second section of transmission rod in the transmission rod, the number 3 limiting element and the number 3 small bevel gear are in clearance fit, the end surface of the number 3 limiting element, which is close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool, is in contact fit with the number 3 small bevel gear, the other end surface of the number 3 limiting element is fixedly connected with the inner wall of a large-diameter cylinder of a shell through a screw, a limiting sleeve is sleeved on an external thread at one end, which is close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool, of a third section of transmission rod in the transmission rod, the limiting sleeve is in, the locking sleeve is in threaded connection with the third section of the transmission rod, the end face, far away from the rotary axis of the simulation tool, of the locking sleeve is in contact connection with the end face, close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool, of the hand wheel, the hand wheel is sleeved on the fourth section of the transmission rod in the transmission rod, the hand wheel and the fourth section of the transmission rod are in key connection, and the locking screw is fixed on the end face, at the outermost end of the fourth section of the transmission rod, of the transmission rod through threads to.
The radial force loading mechanism in the technical scheme further comprises 2 connecting plates with the same structure, 2 radial pressure sensors with the same structure, 2 radial isolating plates with the same structure, 2 electromagnetic coils with the same structure, a No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor, a No. 2 capacitance displacement sensor and a pinion; the top ends of the 2 connecting plates with the same structure are symmetrically connected with the bottom end face of the gear disc through screws relative to the rotating axis of the gear disc, the inner side faces, close to the rotating axis of the simulation tool, of the 2 connecting plates with the same structure are fixedly connected with the outer side faces, namely the fixed faces, of the 2 radial pressure sensors with the same structure through screws, the outer side faces, far away from the rotating axis of the simulation tool, of each connecting plate are fixedly connected with 2 pulleys which are identical in structure and matched with 2 parallel track grooves in the inner hole wall of a cylinder with a small diameter in a shell through screws, the outer side faces, far away from the rotating axis of the simulation tool, of the 2 aluminum arc-shaped plate-shaped radial isolating plates with the same structure are fixedly connected with the stress faces, namely the inner side faces, far away from the rotating axis of the simulation tool, of the 2 radial pressure sensors with the same structure through screws, and 2 electromagnetic coils; the turntable motor is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell and the bottom of the cylinder with the large diameter in the shell, the turntable motor is arranged in a groove formed in the outer side wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell, the pinion is sleeved on an output shaft of the turntable motor in a key connection mode and is in meshed connection with the gear disc, the No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor and the No. 2 capacitance displacement sensor are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell through screws, and a 90-degree included angle is formed between the installation positions of the.
The axial force loading mechanism in the technical scheme further comprises a No. 2 electromagnet and an axial isolating plate; no. 1 electro-magnet, No. 2 electro-magnet is the same structure spare of constituteing by coil and cylindrical iron core, No. 1 electro-magnet, No. 2 electro-magnet and simulation cutter coaxial arrangement, No. 1 electro-magnet top adopts screw fixed connection with the bottom of simulation cutter, No. 2 electro-magnet is located No. 1 electro-magnet under, No. 2 electro-magnet passes through the axial division board and installs on pressure sensor's top, screw fixed connection is passed through with No. 2 electro-magnet's bottom in the top of aluminium matter disc-shaped axial division board, screw fixed connection is passed through with axial pressure sensor's top in the bottom of axial division board, screw fixed connection is passed through with the bobbin base of casing minor diameter drum to axial pressure sensor's bottom, No. 1 electro-magnet, No. 2 electro-magnet, axial division board and axial pressure sensor's axis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. non-contact loading and high accuracy
The reliability test device for the electric spindle loaded under the full working condition can carry out full non-contact dynamic loading (including radial force, axial force and torque) under the full working condition on the electric spindle. The non-contact torque loading of the electric spindle is realized through the interaction of a stator winding fixed on the device and a rotor winding integrated on the simulation tool, and the centering error when the traditional torque applying device is connected with the electric spindle in series is eliminated; the electromagnetic coils in two directions are skillfully designed to cooperatively load radial and axial forces on the spindle, and the loading direction of the cutting force can be adjusted at any time, so that the force decomposition and coupling errors caused by the fact that a loading device is in contact with the electric spindle rotating at a high speed are eliminated, and the test result is more accurate.
2. Flexible full-automatic loading, convenient regulation
The reliability test device for the electric spindle loaded under all working conditions realizes dynamic adjustment of axial cutting force applied to the electric spindle by changing the current in the two electromagnets; the dynamic adjustment of the radial cutting force applied to the motorized spindle is realized by changing the current in the two electromagnetic coils; the position of the electromagnetic coil is flexibly changed by controlling the operation of the turntable motor so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the radial cutting force direction applied to the electric spindle; under the same control and operation platform, various loads borne by the electric spindle in different machining processes can be comprehensively and flexibly simulated.
3. The all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device can be directly and quickly installed on an electric spindle of a numerical control machine tool or an electric spindle of a test bench, and an additional support does not need to be built; the reliability test device for the electric spindle loaded under the full working condition, disclosed by the invention, has small occupied space, can be directly, quickly and conveniently installed on the electric spindles with various models, various environments and various placing positions, and can be simply and conveniently disassembled after the test is finished, so that a large amount of time, space, manpower and other resources are saved for the test.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of the internal structure of the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial projection view of the structural components of the non-contact full-condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a disassembled perspective view of the structural components of the mounting mechanism in the non-contact full-condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axonometric view of the structure of a simulated tool clamping mechanism in the non-contact full-condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an axial projection view of the radial force loading mechanism structure in the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6-a is a disassembled axial projection view of the structure of the radial force loading mechanism in the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6-b is an axonometric view of the pulley structure in the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7-a is a front view of the torque loading mechanism, the axial force loading mechanism and the simulated BT shank structure of the non-contact full-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7-b is a front view of the structural components of a simulated HSK tool shank in the non-contact full-operating-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an axonometric view of the components of the simulated tool structure in the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the axial, radial and torque loading processes in the non-contact full condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a process of performing an electric spindle reliability test by using the non-contact type all-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an operation platform for performing an electric spindle reliability test by using the non-contact type electric spindle reliability test device loaded under all working conditions according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the mounting mechanism, a No. 101A.1 flange plate, a No. 101B.2 flange plate, a No. 101C.3 flange plate, 102, a gasket, 103, a shell, 2, a simulated cutter clamping mechanism, 201, a simulated cutter, a No. 202.1 clamping mechanism, a No. 203.2 clamping mechanism, a No. 204.3 clamping mechanism, 205-A.1 limit element, 205-B.2 limit element, 206-A.1 screw rod, 206-B.2 screw rod, 207-A.1 small bevel gear, 207-B.2 small bevel gear, 208-A.1 internal thread pipe, 208-B.2 internal thread pipe, 209-A.1 screw pair bracket, 209-B.2 screw pair bracket, 210-A.1 clamp, 210-B.2 clamp, 211, large bevel gear, 212, large bevel gear base, 213, transmission rod, 214.3 small bevel gear, 215.3 limit element, 216, 217, 218, 219 locking screw, 3. radial force loading mechanism, 301, gear disc, 302, connecting plate, 303, pulley, 303-A.V type wheel, 303-B, fixed support, 303-C, pulley connecting bolt, 304, radial pressure sensor, 305, radial isolating plate, 306, electromagnetic coil, 307-A.1 type capacitance displacement sensor, 307-B.2 type capacitance displacement sensor, 308, turntable motor, 309 type pinion, 4, torque loading mechanism, 401, rotor winding, 402, stator winding, 403 balancing ring, 5, axial force loading mechanism, 501.1 type electromagnet, 502.2 type electromagnet, 503, axial isolating plate, 504, axial pressure sensor, 6, analog knife handle, 601, analog BT knife handle, 602, analog HSK knife handle, 7, bolt, 8 type electric spindle, D, radial cutting force borne by electric spindle, D1Electromagnetic attraction No. 1, D2Electromagnetic attraction No. 2, rotation direction of the electric spindle, torque applied to the electric spindle F, and axial cutting force applied to the electric spindle G.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1, the non-contact all-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device provided by the invention comprises an installation mechanism 1, a simulated cutter clamping mechanism 2, a radial force loading mechanism 3, a torque loading mechanism 4, an axial force loading mechanism 5 and a simulated cutter handle 6.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the mounting mechanism 1 includes a gasket 102, a housing 103, and a flange 101A of No. 1, a flange 101B of No. 2 or a flange 101C of No. 3.
The shell 103 is a stepped cylindrical structural member, namely, the shell 103 consists of a large-diameter cylinder and a small-diameter cylinder;
the bottom end of the small-diameter cylinder is closed, the other end of the small-diameter cylinder is open, a circle of plate-shaped radiating fins made of aluminum alloy materials are arranged on the outer wall from the closed end to the open end, a groove for mounting the turntable motor 308 is formed in the outer wall of the open end, and 2 annular track grooves which are parallel and have the same structure and are matched with the pulleys 303 in the radial force loading mechanism 3 are formed in the inner wall of the open end.
The center of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with 3 sections of stepped holes, a first section of hole to a third section of hole are sequentially arranged from right to left, the diameter of the first section of hole is equal to that of the large bevel gear base 212 in the simulation tool clamping mechanism 2, the third section of hole is arranged on the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder, and the diameter of the third section of hole is equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter cylinder; a shaft through hole for installing the output shaft of the turntable motor 308 is axially arranged on the cylinder bottom between the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder, and threaded through holes for fixing the turntable motor 308 are uniformly arranged around the shaft through hole; the hole wall of the first section of hole is provided with 1 transmission rod through hole for installing a transmission rod 213 in the simulated tool clamping mechanism 2, and the periphery of the transmission rod through hole is uniformly provided with screw through holes for fixing a No. 3 limiting element 215; the open end of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with a flange plate, the outer diameter of the flange plate is larger than that of the large-diameter cylinder, the inner diameter of the flange plate is equal to that of the large-diameter cylinder, the plane of the flange plate is vertical to the rotation axis of the large-diameter cylinder, and bolt holes aligned with the installation end of the electric spindle 8 and threaded holes in the circular boss of the flange plate No. 1, 101B or 101C are uniformly distributed in the flange plate; the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder bottom of the small-diameter cylinder are sequentially perpendicular to the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder, the cylinder bottom end of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder opening end of the small-diameter cylinder are connected into a whole, and the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder are collinear.
The number 1 of the flange plates 101A, the number 2 of the flange plates 101B and the number 3 of the flange plates 101C are basically the same in structure, are disc-type structural members and are provided with circular ring-shaped bosses at the centers, the outer diameters of the circular ring-shaped bosses are equal to the outer diameter of the flange plate on the shell 103, the inner diameters of the circular ring-shaped bosses are equal to the inner diameter of the flange plate on the shell 103, namely equal to the inner diameter of a large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, threaded holes with the same structure are uniformly distributed in the circular ring-shaped bosses, and the number of the threaded holes is equal to and aligned with; no. 1 ring flange 101A, No. 2 ring flange 101B, No. 3 ring flange 101C external diameter are different, and the external diameter size equals with the mounting dimension of survey electric spindle 8 installation department, and the number of the bolt hole that the outer circumference distributes equals and adjusts well with the number of the screw hole that the electric spindle 8 installation department set up.
The gasket 102 is a shockproof annular rubber gasket, the inner diameter of the gasket 102 is equal to the inner diameter of the annular bosses on the flange plates 101A, 101B and 101C (1, 2 and 3) and is equal to the inner diameter of the flange plate on the shell 103, namely the inner diameter of a large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, and the outer diameter of the gasket 102 is equal to the outer diameter of the annular bosses on the flange plates 101A, 101B and 101C (3) and is equal to the outer diameter of the flange plate on the shell 103; through holes with the same structure are uniformly distributed on the gasket 102, the number of the through holes is equal to that of the bolt holes in the flange plate of the shell 103 and is aligned with the bolt holes, and the number of the through holes is equal to that of the threaded holes in the circular boss of the No. 1 flange plate 101A, the No. 2 flange plate 101B or the No. 3 flange plate 101C and is aligned with the threaded holes.
When the shell 103 meets the size of the electric spindle 8, a flange plate at the right end of the shell 103, the gasket 102 and the connecting end of the spindle 8 are tightly connected by using the bolt 7; when the flange at the right end of the shell 103 cannot be matched with the connecting end of the spindle 8, a No. 1 flange 101A, a No. 2 flange 101B or a No. 3 flange 101C with corresponding specifications can be selected to be connected with the right end of the shell 103 through a gasket 102, and then the bolt 7 is adopted to be tightly connected with the connecting end of the electric spindle 8.
The gasket 102 is placed on a flange plate arranged at the open end of a large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, the bottom end face of the gasket 102 is in contact connection with the top end face of the flange plate on the large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, through holes uniformly distributed on the gasket 102 are aligned with bolt through holes uniformly distributed on the flange plate in the shell 103, the No. 1 flange plate 101A, the No. 2 flange plate 101B or the No. 3 flange plate 101C is placed on the gasket 102, the bottom end face of the No. 1 flange plate 101A, the No. 2 flange plate 101B or the No. 3 flange plate 101C is in contact connection with the top end face of the gasket 102, threaded holes uniformly distributed on a circular boss of the No. 1 flange plate 101A, the No. 2 flange plate 101B or the No. 3 flange plate 101C are, the shell 103 is fixedly connected with a No. 1 flange 101A, a No. 2 flange 101B or a No. 3 flange 101C through flanges on the shell and a gasket 102 in sequence by bolts.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 4, 8 and 9, the simulated tool clamping mechanism 2 includes a simulated tool 201, a large bevel gear 211, a large bevel gear base 212, a No. 1 clamping mechanism 202, a No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 and a No. 3 clamping mechanism 204; wherein: the No. 1 clamping mechanism 202 and the No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 are identical in structure.
The simulation tool 201 is a round bar-shaped structural member consisting of a head part with a tool clamping function and a round shaft, the head part is a cylinder with an open upper end and a closed lower end, an internal thread matched with the simulation tool handle 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, and a circle of head grooves with rectangular cross sections matched with the No. 1 clamping element and the No. 2 clamping element of the No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the cylinder; the bottom end face of the cylinder and the top end face of the round shaft are connected into a whole, the bottom end face of the cylinder and the top end face of the round shaft are respectively vertical to the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft, and the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft are collinear and are collinear with the rotation axis of the cylinder with the diameter of the shell 103; the outer wall of the upper end of the circular shaft is provided with a group of mutually parallel circular shaft grooves with the same structure and used for eliminating eddy currents, and the cross section of each circular shaft groove is a semicircular cross section.
The large bevel gear 211 consists of a circular fluted disc and a circular chassis, the top end of the circular fluted disc is provided with gear teeth, the inner diameter of the chassis is equal to that of the fluted disc, the outer diameter of the chassis is larger than that of the fluted disc, the outer diameter of the chassis is equal to that of a second section of hole on the large bevel gear base 212, the bottom end face of the fluted disc is connected with the top end face of the chassis into a whole, the bottom end face of the fluted disc and the top end face of the chassis are respectively vertical to the return axis of the fluted disc and the rotary axis of the chassis, and the rotary axis of the fluted disc and the rotary axis of the chassis are collinear and are collinear with the rotary axis of the large-diameter cylinder of the shell; a fluted disc of the big bevel gear 211 is meshed and connected with a No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A, a No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B and a No. 3 small bevel gear 214;
the large bevel gear base 212 is a circular ring-shaped structural part, the outer diameter of the circular ring-shaped structural part is equal to the inner diameter of a first section of hole of a large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103, the inner hole of the circular ring-shaped structural part is a three-section stepped hole, the diameter of the first section of hole is equal to the outer diameter of a fluted disc of the large bevel gear 211, the first section of hole and the second section of hole are in sliding fit, the diameter of a second section of hole is equal to the outer diameter of a chassis of the large bevel gear 211, the second section of hole is in clearance fit with the chassis of the large bevel gear 211 to limit axial movement of the large bevel gear 211, and the diameter of a third section of hole is larger than the outer diameter of the; the axis of rotation of large bevel gear mount 212 is collinear with the axis of rotation of large bevel gear 211.
The No. 1 clamping mechanism 202 comprises a No. 1 limiting element 205-A, a No. 1 screw rod 206-A, a No. 1 bevel pinion 207-A, a No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A, a No. 1 spiral auxiliary bracket 209-A and a No. 1 clamp 210-A;
the No. 1 limiting element 205-A and the No. 2 limiting element 205-B have the same structure; no. 1 limiting element 205-A is a circular ring-shaped structural member with a through hole at the center, an internal thread is arranged on the hole wall of the central through hole, and the No. 1 limiting element 205-A is installed on the No. 1 screw 206-A through the internal thread.
The No. 1 screw rod 206-A and the No. 2 screw rod 206-B have the same structure; the No. 1 screw 206-A is a single-head screw and can be divided into three sections from near to far according to the distance with the inner wall of the large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103, the outer wall of the first section of screw is provided with threads, the length of the threads is equal to the length of an inner hole of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A, the outer wall of the second section of screw is smooth, the outer wall of the second section of screw is provided with a rectangular key groove, the length of the second section of screw is equal to the length of an inner hole of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A, and the outer wall of the third section of screw is; the first section of screw rod, the second section of screw rod and the third section of screw rod are sequentially connected into a whole, and the rotation axes of the three sections of screw rods are collinear; the diameters of the first section of screw, the second section of screw and the third section of screw are sequentially equal to the diameter of a central through hole of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A, the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A and the diameter of a pipe hole of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A, and the rotation axis of the No. 1 screw 206-A is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A, the rotation axis of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A and the rotation axis of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A.
The No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A and the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B have the same structure; the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A is equal to the diameter of a second section of screw rod in the No. 1 screw rod 206-A, and the rotation axis of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A, the rotation axis of the No. 1 screw rod 206-A and the rotation axis of the No. 1 internal thread pipe 208-A; the inner hole wall of the bevel pinion 207-A is provided with a key groove with a rectangular cross section, the width of the key groove is equal to that of the rectangular key groove on the outer wall of the second section of the screw rod of the No. 1 screw rod 206-A.
The No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A and the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B have the same structure; the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A is a circular tubular structural member with threads arranged on the inner wall, the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A is equal to the diameter of a third section of screw rod in the No. 1 screw rod 206-A, the rotary axis of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A is collinear with the rotary axis of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A, the rotary axis of the No. 1 screw rod 206-A and the rotary axis of the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A, the length of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A is equal to the length of the third section of screw rod in the No. 1 screw rod 206-A, and threaded blind holes for fixing the No. 1 fixing base in the No. 1 clamp 210-A are uniformly distributed on the end face, away from the inner wall of a large-.
The No. 1 spiral auxiliary support 209-A and the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B have the same structure; the head of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support 209-A is a horizontally placed cylindrical structural member with a smooth inner wall, the bottom of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support is a cuboid structural member, the rotation axis of the cylindrical structural member of the head is parallel to the upper surface and the lower surface of the cuboid structural member of the bottom, the head is connected with the bottom by a plate structural member, and the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support 209-A is a bilaterally symmetrical structural member; the inner diameter of the head of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary bracket 209-A, namely the cylindrical structural part, is equal to the outer diameter of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A, and the rotation axis of the head is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A; bolt through holes for fixing on the large bevel gear base 212 are uniformly distributed on a cuboid structural member at the bottom of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support 209-A.
The No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B have the same structure; the No. 1 clamp 210-A comprises a semicircular No. 1 clamping element and a No. 1 fixing base; the head end of the No. 1 clamp 210-A, namely one end close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, is provided with a semicircular No. 1 clamping element, the inner diameter of the semicircular No. 1 clamping element is equal to the outer diameter of a cylinder at the bottom of a groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, the rotation axis of the semicircular No. 1 clamping element is parallel to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, the rotation axes of the semicircular No. 1 clamping element and the simulation tool 201 are collinear when the semicircular No. 1 clamping element is contacted with the groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, the thickness of the semicircular No. 1 clamping element is equal to the width of the groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, and a threaded through hole is radially arranged at;
no. 1 unable adjustment base is the board class structure that the symmetry center and four angle departments of square structure all are provided with the screw through-hole, and the terminal surface is parallel with the axis of rotation of simulation cutter 201, the annular 1 clamping element axis of rotation of semicircle around No. 1 unable adjustment base, and preceding terminal surface contacts and uses screw fixed connection with the annular 1 clamping element's of semicircle symmetry department, and the rear end face of No. 1 unable adjustment base contacts and adopts screw fixed connection with the terminal surface that No. 1 internal thread pipe 208-A kept away from casing 103 major diameter drum inner wall.
The No. 1 screw pair bracket 209-A is fixed on a large bevel gear base 212 by adopting bolts, the No. 1 internal thread pipe 208-A is arranged in a horizontally arranged cylindrical structural member at the head part of the No. 1 screw pair bracket 209-A, the two are in sliding fit, the No. 1 screw 206-A is arranged in the No. 1 internal thread pipe 208-A, the two are in threaded connection, the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A is sleeved on the second section of the No. 1 screw 206-A by adopting a key, the No. 1 limiting element 205-A is sleeved on the first section of the No. 1 screw 206-A, the two are in threaded connection, the end surface of the first section of the No. 1 screw 206-A close to the large diameter cylinder inner wall of the shell 103 is superposed with the end surface of the No. 1 limiting element 205-A close to the large diameter cylinder inner wall of the shell 103 and is not contacted with the large diameter cylinder inner wall of the, no. 1 clamp 210-A passes through No. 1 fixing base and is fixed on the inner end face of No. 1 internal thread pipe 208-A by screws.
The No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 comprises a No. 2 limiting element 205-B, a No. 2 screw rod 206-B, a No. 2 bevel pinion 207-B, a No. 2 internal and external threaded pipe 208-B, a No. 2 spiral auxiliary bracket 209-B and a No. 2 clamp 210-B;
the No. 2 limiting element 205-B and the No. 1 limiting element 205-A have the same structure; no. 2 limiting element 205-B is a circular ring-shaped structural member with a through hole in the center, an internal thread is arranged on the hole wall of the central through hole, and No. 2 limiting element 205-B is installed on No. 2 screw rod 206-B through the internal thread.
The No. 2 screw rod 206-B and the No. 1 screw rod 206-A have the same structure; the No. 2 screw 206-B is a single-head screw and can be divided into three sections from near to far according to the distance with the inner wall of the large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103, the outer wall of the first section of screw is provided with threads, the length of the threads is equal to the length of an inner hole of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, the outer wall of the second section of screw is provided with a rectangular key slot, the length of the rectangular key slot is equal to the length of the inner hole of the No. 2 bevel pinion 207-B, and the outer wall of the third section of screw is provided with threads matched with the; the first section of screw, the second section of screw and the third section of screw are sequentially connected into a whole, the rotation axes of the three sections of screws are collinear, the diameters of the first section of screw, the second section of screw and the third section of screw are sequentially equal to the diameter of a central through hole of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B and the diameter of a pipe hole of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B, and the rotation axis of the No. 2 screw 206-B is collinear with the rotation axes of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B and the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208.
The No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B and the No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A have the same structure; the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B is equal to the diameter of a second section of screw rod in the No. 2 screw rod 206-B, and the rotation axis of the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, the rotation axis of the No. 2 screw rod 206-B and the rotation axis of the No. 2 internal thread pipe 208-B; the inner hole wall of the No. 2 bevel pinion 207-B is provided with a rectangular key groove with a rectangular cross section, the width of the rectangular key groove is equal to that of the rectangular key groove on the outer wall of the second section of the No. 2 screw 206-B.
The No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B has the same structure as the No. 1 internal threaded pipe 208-A; the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B is a tubular structural member with threads arranged on the inner wall, the diameter of an inner hole of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B is equal to the diameter of a third section of screw rod in the No. 2 screw rod 206-B, the rotary axis of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B is collinear with the rotary axis of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, the rotary axis of the No. 2 screw rod 206-B and the rotary axis of the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B, the length of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B is equal to the length of the third section of screw rod in the No. 2 screw rod 206-B, and threaded blind holes for fixing the No. 2 fixing base in the No. 2 clamp 210-B are uniformly distributed on the end surface of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208.
The No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B has the same structure as the No. 1 spiral auxiliary support 209-A; the head of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B is a horizontally placed cylindrical structural member with a smooth inner wall, the bottom of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support is a cuboid structural member, the rotation axis of the cylindrical structural member of the head is parallel to the upper surface and the lower surface of the cuboid structural member of the bottom, the head is connected with the bottom by a plate structural member, and the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B is a bilaterally symmetrical structural member; the inner diameter of the head of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary bracket 206-B, i.e. the cylindrical structural member, is equal to the outer diameter of the No. 2 internal threaded tube 208-B, and the rotation axis of the head is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 2 internal threaded tube 208-B; bolt through holes for fixing on the large bevel gear base 212 are uniformly distributed on a cuboid structural member at the bottom of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B.
The No. 2 clamp 210-B and the No. 1 clamp 210-A have the same structure; the No. 2 clamp 210-B comprises a semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element and a No. 2 fixed base; the head end of the No. 2 clamp 210-B, namely one end close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, is provided with a semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element, the inner diameter of the semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element is equal to the outer diameter of a cylinder at the bottom of a groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, the rotation axis of the semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element is parallel to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, the rotation axes of the semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element and the simulation tool 201 are collinear when the semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element is contacted with the groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, the thickness of the semicircular annular No. 2 clamping element is equal to the width of the groove at the head of the simulation tool 201, and a;
no. 2 unable adjustment base is the board class structure that the symmetry center and four angle departments of square structure all are provided with the screw through-hole, and No. 2 unable adjustment base front and back terminal surface is parallel with simulation cutter 201 axis of revolution, semicircle annular No. 2 clamping element axis of revolution, and preceding terminal surface contacts and adopts the fix with screw with the symmetry department of semicircle annular No. 2 clamping element, and the rear end face contacts and adopts the fix with screw connection with the terminal surface that No. 2 internal thread pipe 208-B kept away from casing 103 major diameter drum inner wall.
The No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B is fixed on the large bevel gear base 212 by bolts, the position of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-A is symmetrical to the rotation axis of the simulated cutter 201, the No. 2 internal thread pipe 208-B is arranged in a horizontally placed cylindrical structural component at the head of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary support 209-B, the No. 2 screw 206-B is arranged in the No. 2 internal thread pipe 208-B and is in threaded connection with the No. 2 internal thread pipe 208-B to realize spiral transmission, the No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B is sleeved on the second section of the No. 2 screw 206-B by a key sleeve, the No. 2 limiting element 205-B is sleeved on the first section of the No. 2 screw 206-B and is in threaded connection with the two, the end surface of the first section of the No. 2 screw 206-B, which is close to the inner wall of the large diameter cylinder of the shell 103, is superposed with the end surface of the No. 2 limiting element 205-B, which is close The inner walls of the large-diameter cylinders of the body 103 are contacted, and the No. 2 clamp 210-B passes through the No. 2 fixing base and is fixed on the inner end face of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe 208-B by screws.
The No. 3 clamping mechanism 204 comprises a transmission rod 213, a No. 3 bevel pinion 214, a No. 3 limiting element 215, a limiting sleeve 216, a locking sleeve 217, a hand wheel 218 and a locking screw 219;
the transmission rod 213 is a round rod-shaped structural part, a round boss which is larger than the diameter of the inner hole of the small bevel gear 3 and used for limiting the axial movement of the small bevel gear 3 is arranged at the end part of the transmission rod 213 close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, and the rotation axis of the round boss is collinear with the rotation axis of the transmission rod 213 and the rotation axis of the small bevel gear 3; the rod body of the transmission rod 213 can be divided into four sections from near to far according to the distance from the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, a rectangular key slot is arranged on the outer wall of the first section of transmission rod, the length of the first section of transmission rod is equal to the length of the inner hole of the No. 3 small bevel gear 214, the outer wall of the second section of transmission rod is smooth, the length of the second section of transmission rod is equal to the sum of the length of the inner hole of the No. 3 limiting element 215 and the wall thickness of, two ends of the outer wall of the third section of the transmission rod are provided with a section of external thread, the outer wall of the other part of the third section of the transmission rod is smooth, the length of the external thread at one end close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201 is equal to the length of the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 216, the length of the external thread at one end far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201 is equal to the length of the inner hole of the locking sleeve 217, the fourth section of transmission rod is a tubular structural part provided with internal threads, the outer wall of the fourth section of transmission rod is smooth and provided with a rectangular key groove, and the length of the fourth section of transmission; the diameter of the first section of transmission rod is equal to the diameter of an inner hole of a No. 3 small bevel gear 214, the diameter of the second section of transmission rod is equal to the diameter of an inner hole of a No. 3 limiting element 215 and the diameter of a transmission rod through hole on the hole wall of a first section of hole of a large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103, the diameter of the third section of transmission rod is equal to the diameter of an inner hole of a limiting sleeve 216 and the diameter of an inner hole of a locking sleeve 217, and the diameter of the fourth section of transmission rod is equal; the rotation axes of the first section of transmission rod to the fourth section of transmission rod are collinear, the circular boss, the first section of transmission rod to the fourth section of transmission rod are connected into a whole at one time, the rotation axis of the transmission rod 213 is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the No. 1 screw rod 206-A and the rotation axis of the No. 2 screw rod 206-B, and is collinear with the rotation axis of the No. 3 bevel pinion 214, the No. 3 limit element 215, the limit sleeve 216, the locking sleeve 217, the hand wheel 218 and the locking screw 219.
The diameter of the inner hole of the No. 3 small bevel gear 214 is equal to the diameter of the first section of the transmission rod 213, the rotation axis of the small bevel gear is collinear with the rotation axis of the transmission rod 213, and a key groove with a rectangular cross section and the same width as the rectangular key groove on the first section of the transmission rod in the transmission rod 213 is axially arranged on the inner hole wall of the small bevel gear.
The No. 3 limiting element 215 is a circular ring-shaped structural member with a through hole in the center, threaded through holes are uniformly distributed around the central through hole so that the No. 3 limiting element 215 is fixed on the inner wall of the large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103 through screws, the diameter of the central through hole of the No. 3 limiting element 215 is equal to that of the second section of the transmission rod in the transmission rod 213, and the rotation axis of the No. 3 limiting element 215 is collinear with that of the transmission rod 213.
The limiting sleeve 216 is a circular ring-shaped structural member with a thread arranged on the inner hole wall, the diameter of the inner hole of the limiting sleeve 216 is equal to the diameter of an external thread at one end of a third section of transmission rod in the transmission rod 213, and the rotation axis of the limiting sleeve 216 is collinear with the rotation axis of the transmission rod 213.
The locking sleeve 217 is a circular ring-shaped structural member with threads on the inner hole wall, the diameter of the inner hole of the locking sleeve 217 is equal to the diameter of the outer thread at the other end of the third section of the transmission rod 213, and the rotation axis of the locking sleeve 217 is collinear with the rotation axis of the transmission rod 213.
The hand wheel 218 is a cylindrical structural member with a central through hole in the center, the diameter of the central through hole of the hand wheel 218 is equal to that of the fourth section of the transmission rod 213, and a key groove with a rectangular cross section and the same width as that of the rectangular key groove on the fourth section of the transmission rod 213 is arranged on the hole wall of the central through hole; the axis of rotation of the hand wheel is collinear with the axis of rotation of the drive rod 213.
The locking screw 219 is a standard hexagon socket locking screw, and the external thread of the locking screw is matched with the axial internal thread on the outer end of the fourth section of the transmission rod in the transmission rod 213 to limit the axial movement of the hand wheel 218.
The No. 3 small bevel gear 214 is sleeved on a first section of the transmission rod 213 and is in key connection with the first section of the transmission rod, the end face of the No. 3 small bevel gear 214, which is close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, is in contact connection with a circular boss which plays a role in positioning on the transmission rod 213, the No. 3 limiting element 215 is sleeved on a second section of the transmission rod 213 in the transmission rod 213 and is in shaft hole clearance fit with the second section of the transmission rod, the end face of the No. 3 limiting element 215, which is close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, is in contact fit with the No. 3 small bevel gear 214, the other end face is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the large-diameter cylinder of the shell 103 through screws, the limiting sleeve 216 is sleeved on an external thread at one end, which is close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, of the third section of the transmission rod 213, the locking sleeve 217 is sleeved on an external thread at one end of a third section of the transmission rod 213 far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, the locking sleeve 217 is in threaded connection with the third section of the transmission rod 213, the end face of the locking sleeve 217 far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201 is in contact connection with the end face of the hand wheel 218 close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, the hand wheel 218 is sleeved on a fourth section of the transmission rod 213, the locking sleeve 217 and the fourth section of the transmission rod are in key connection, and the locking screw 219 is fixed on the end face of the outermost end of the fourth section of the transmission rod 213 through.
The large bevel gear 211 is arranged in a large bevel gear base 212, the rotation axes of the large bevel gear 211 and the large bevel gear base 212 are collinear, the large bevel gear 211 and the large bevel gear base 212 are in sliding connection, the simulation cutter 201 is arranged at the centers of the large bevel gear 211 and the large bevel gear base 212, the rotation axis of the simulation cutter 201 and the rotation axis of the large bevel gear base 212 are collinear, the No. 1 clamping mechanism 202 and the No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 are symmetrically arranged on the large bevel gear base 212 through a No. 1 screw auxiliary bracket 209-A and a No. 2 screw auxiliary bracket 209-B in the clamping mechanism, the rotation axes of the No. 1 clamping mechanism 202 and the No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 are vertically crossed with the rotation axis of the simulation cutter 201, the No. 1 clamping mechanism 202 and the No. 2 clamping mechanism 203 are meshed with a No. 2 small bevel gear 207-B and the large bevel gear 211 through a No. 1 small bevel gear 207-A in the clamping mechanism 202 and the No. 2 clamping mechanism 203, the No. 3 clamping mechanism 204 is arranged on the large-diameter cylindrical wall in the shell 103 through a transmission rod 213, the rotation axis of the No. 3 clamping mechanism 204 is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, and the No. 3 clamping mechanism 204 is in meshed connection with the large bevel gear 211 through a No. 3 small bevel gear 214.
Referring to fig. 5, 6-a, 6-B and 9, the radial force loading mechanism 3 includes a gear plate 301, 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure, 4 pulleys 303 with the same structure, 2 radial pressure sensors 304 with the same structure, 2 radial isolation plates 305 with the same structure, 2 electromagnetic coils 306 with the same structure, a No. 1 capacitive displacement sensor 307-a, a No. 2 capacitive displacement sensor 307-B, a turntable motor 308 and a pinion 309.
The gear plate 301 is meshed with a pinion 309; the diameter of an inner hole of the gear disc 301 is larger than the diameter of a circular shaft of the simulation cutter 201 and smaller than the inner diameter of a small-diameter cylindrical opening of the shell 103, and the diameter of a top circle of the gear disc 301 is larger than the inner diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical opening of the shell 103 and smaller than the inner diameter of a second section hole of a large-diameter cylindrical opening of the shell 103; the rotation axis of the gear disc 301 is collinear with the rotation axis of the simulation cutter 201, and the gear disc 301 is provided with a screw through hole for fixing the connecting plate 302.
The connecting plates 302 are arc-shaped plate-shaped structural members, the inner side and the outer side of each of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure are provided with threaded through holes, screw blind holes are distributed at one (top) end of each of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure, and the rotary axes of the circumferences of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure are coaxial with the rotary axis of the gear disc 301 and are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotary axis of the gear disc 301; one (top) end of the connecting plate 302 is fixedly connected with the bottom end face of the gear disc 301 through a screw, and the inner side face of the connecting plate 302 is fixedly connected with the radial pressure sensor 304 through a screw; 2 pulleys 303 are uniformly fixed on the upper and lower sides of the outer side surface of each connecting plate 302 by screws, and the pulleys 303 are matched with two parallel track grooves on the inner hole wall of a small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103;
the pulley 303 is a small-sized V-shaped track wheel, the 4 pulleys 303 with the same structure are composed of a V-shaped wheel 303-A, a fixed support 303-B and a pulley connecting bolt 303-C, the V-shaped wheel 303-A is a standard aluminum alloy V-shaped wheel, the fixed support 303-B is an aluminum alloy support composed of 3 cuboid plate-shaped structural members all provided with threaded through holes, one (small) end of 2 cuboid plate-shaped structural members with the same structure and placed in parallel are connected into a whole through 1 cuboid plate-shaped structural member vertically placed relative to the other 2 cuboid plate-shaped structural members, and the pulley connecting bolt 303-C is a standard hexagon head bolt; the upper and lower (large) end surfaces of two cuboid plate-shaped structural members which are arranged in parallel with each other and are arranged on the fixing supports 303-B of the 4 pulleys 303 with the same structure are parallel to and in contact with the upper and lower end surfaces of the V-shaped wheel 303-A and are fixedly connected through a pulley connecting bolt 303-C, and the rotation axes of the V-shaped wheels 303-A of the 4 pulleys 303 with the same structure are all parallel to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201.
The radial pressure sensor 304 is 2 small-sized spoke-type pull pressure sensors with the model number of EVT-12P.
The 2 radial isolation plates 305 are 2 aluminum arc-shaped plate-shaped structural members with the same structure and provided with threaded through holes uniformly, the outer side surfaces of the radial isolation plates 305 are fixedly connected with the pressure sensor 304 through screws, the inner side surfaces of the radial isolation plates 305 are fixedly connected with the electromagnetic coils 306 through screws, and the rotation axes of the circumferences of the 2 radial isolation plates with the same structure are collinear with the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201.
The electromagnetic coil 306 is composed of an iron core and a coil, and 2 electromagnetic coils 306 with the same structure form a pair of adjacent magnetic poles; the iron core of the electromagnetic coil 306 is a U-shaped structural member, the iron core is composed of a circular arc cross beam with a rectangular cross section and 2 iron core arms with 4 pyramid cross sections with the same structure, one (large) end of each of the 2 iron core arms with 4 pyramid cross sections with the same structure is connected with two ends of the circular arc cross beam with the rectangular cross section into a whole in a penetrating manner to form the U-shaped iron core, the left arm surface and the right arm surface of each of the 4 iron core arms with the same structure are parallel to each other, the other two arm surfaces are crossed on the cylindrical rotating axis of the circular arc cross beam after extending, and the electromagnetic coil 306 is wound on 2 iron core arms with the same structure in the U-shaped iron core; the 2 electromagnetic coils 306 are located symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis of the dummy tool 201 and aligned with the circular axis grooves on the dummy tool 201.
The No. 1 capacitive displacement sensor 307-A and the No. 2 capacitive displacement sensor 307-B are ZCS1100 type precise capacitive displacement sensors. The No. 1 capacitive displacement sensor 307-A and the No. 2 capacitive displacement sensor 307-B are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 through screws, and the installation positions of the two form an included angle of 90 degrees;
the turntable motor 308 is a ZYT type permanent magnet DC micro motor.
The turntable motor 308 is installed on the bottom of a large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 through a threaded hole of a base of the turntable motor 308 by screws, the turntable motor 308 is placed in a groove formed in the outer side wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, an output shaft of the turntable motor 308 is inserted into a shaft through hole in the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 and extends into the large-diameter cylinder, a pinion 309 is sleeved on an output end of the output shaft of the turntable motor 308 extending into the large-diameter cylinder, the pinion 309 is connected with the output shaft of the turntable motor 308 by key connection, the pinion 309 is connected with a gear disc 301 in a meshed manner, the pinion 309 is connected with the bottom (left) end face of the gear disc 301 and the inner bottom face of the large-diameter cylinder in a sliding manner, and the turntable motor 308.
The top end surfaces of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure are fixedly connected with the bottom end surface of the gear disc 301 through screws, the inner side surfaces, close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure are fixedly connected with the fixing surfaces (namely the outer side surfaces) of the 2 radial pressure sensors 304 with the same structure through screws, the 2 pulleys 303 with the same structure, which are matched with two parallel track grooves on the inner hole wall of a small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, are fixed on the outer side surfaces of the 2 connecting plates 302 with the same structure through fixing supports 303-B through screws, the outer side surfaces, far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201, of the 2 radial isolation plates 305 with the same structure, are fixedly connected with the stress surfaces (namely the inner side surfaces) of the 2 radial pressure sensors 304 with the same structure through screws, and the 2 electromagnetic coils 306 with the same structure are fixed on the inner side surfaces, close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201 On the surface; the turntable motor 308 is installed on the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 by screws, meanwhile, the turntable motor 308 is placed in a groove arranged on the outer side wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103, a pinion 309 is sleeved on an output shaft of the turntable motor 308 by adopting key connection, the pinion 309 is meshed and connected with the gear plate 301, the No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor 307-A and the No. 2 capacitance displacement sensor 307-B are fixed on the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 by screws, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the installation positions of the No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor 307-A.
Referring to fig. 7-a, the torque loading mechanism 4 includes a rotor winding 401, a stator winding 402, and a balance ring 403.
The inner diameter of the rotor winding 401 is equal to the diameter of the circular shaft in the simulated tool 201.
The outer diameter of the stator winding 402 is equal to the inner diameter of the small diameter cylinder of the housing 103.
The balance ring 403 is a balance ring with the model number of SSCSPB16-12, the inner diameter of the balance ring 403 is equal to the diameter of a circular shaft in the simulation tool 201, and the rotation axis of the balance ring 403 is collinear with the rotation axis of the simulation tool 201.
The inner wall of the rotor winding 401 is in interference fit with the circular shaft in the simulation tool 201, the outer wall of the stator winding 402 is mounted with the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 in an interference fit mode, the balance ring 403 is clamped on the outer wall of the circular shaft in the simulation tool 201, and the balance ring 403 is in interference fit with the circular shaft in the simulation tool 201.
Referring to fig. 7-a, the axial force loading mechanism 5 includes a No. 1 electromagnet 501, a No. 2 electromagnet 502, an axial separating plate 503, and an axial pressure sensor 504.
No. 1 electro-magnet 501, No. 2 electro-magnet 502 be the structure of compriseing coil and cylindrical iron core, the coil winding is on cylindrical iron core's outer wall, the axis of revolution of 1 electro-magnet 501, No. 2 electro-magnet 502's cylindrical iron core all with the axis of revolution collineation of simulation cutter 201, the diameter of 1 electro-magnet 501, No. 2 electro-magnet 502's cylindrical iron core all equals the axle diameter in the simulation cutter 201.
The axial isolation plate 503 is an aluminum circular plate-shaped structural member with uniformly distributed screw through holes, the upper surface of the axial isolation plate 503 is fixedly connected with the bottom end surface of the No. 2 electromagnet 502 by screws, the rotation axis of the axial isolation plate 503 is collinear with the rotation axis of the cylindrical iron core in the No. 2 electromagnet 502, and the lower surface of the axial isolation plate 503 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the pressure sensor 504 by screws; the lower surface of the pressure sensor 504 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the inner cylinder of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 through screws.
The axial pressure sensor 504 is an EVT-12P small-size spoke type pull pressure sensor.
The No. 1 electromagnet 501, the No. 2 electromagnet 502 and the simulation tool 201 are coaxially installed, the top end of the No. 1 electromagnet 501 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the simulation tool 201 through screws, the No. 2 electromagnet 502 is located right below the No. 1 electromagnet 501, the No. 2 electromagnet 502 is installed at the top end of the axial pressure sensor 504 through an axial isolation plate 503, the top end of the aluminum circular plate-shaped axial isolation plate 503 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the No. 2 electromagnet 502 through screws, the bottom end of the axial isolation plate 503 is fixedly connected with the top end of the axial pressure sensor 504, the bottom end of the axial pressure sensor 504 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell 103 through screws, and the rotation axes of the No. 1 electromagnet 501, the No. 2 electromagnet 502, the axial isolation plate 503 and the.
Referring to fig. 1, 7-a and 7-b, the simulated tool shank 6 includes a simulated BT tool shank 601 and a simulated HSK tool shank 602.
The simulated BT cutter handle 601 in the simulated cutter handle 6 is a standard BT clamping cylinder cutter handle, the simulated HSK cutter handle 602 is a standard HSK clamping cylinder cutter handle and can be selected according to the model of the electric spindle 8 to be measured, one end of the simulated BT cutter handle 601 (or the simulated HSK cutter handle 602) is connected with the head part internal thread of the simulated cutter 201 in the simulated cutter clamping mechanism 2, and the cutter handle conical surface at the other end is connected with the conical hole of the spindle 8 in a matched mode.
The working principle of the non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device provided by the invention is as follows:
1. torque loading
Referring to fig. 1, 7-a and 9, a loading control system based on labview software controls the current in the stator winding, when the main shaft 8 rotates in the direction E (clockwise), the stator winding 402 is energized under the action of the loading control system to generate an alternating magnetic field inside, and the rotor winding 401 cuts the magnetic induction line while rotating along with the main shaft, so as to achieve the purpose of applying the torque F in the counterclockwise direction to the simulation tool 201;
2. radial force loading
Referring to fig. 1, 5 and 9, the labview software-based load control system controls 2 electromagnetic coils with the same structureCurrent is applied to 2 electromagnetic coils 306 which are same in structure and symmetrical to each other under the action of a loading control system, each electromagnetic coil 306 is composed of a coil and an iron core to form a pair of adjacent magnetic poles, so that a closed magnetic circuit is formed in each electromagnetic coil 306, the simulation cutter 201 and an air gap between the electromagnetic coils 306 and the iron core, and the 2 electromagnetic coils 306 respectively generate No. 1 electromagnetic attraction D to the simulation cutter 2011And electromagnetic attraction No. 2D2The radial force on the simulation tool 201 is No. 1 electromagnetic attraction D1And electromagnetic attraction No. 2D2The resultant force is the radial cutting force D borne by the motorized spindle 8; when the simulation tool 201 rotates in a magnetic field, eddy current is generated inside the simulation tool 201, and the eddy current reduces the electromagnetic attraction received by the simulation tool 201, so that the design groove is adopted on the outer wall of the circular shaft in the simulation tool 201 to eliminate the eddy current. When the radial cutting force loading angle needs to be adjusted, the loading control system controls the turntable motor 308 to work to enable the pinion 309 to rotate so as to drive the gear disc 301 to rotate, and as the gear disc 301 is fixedly connected with the 2 connecting plates 302, the electromagnetic coil 306 generates No. 1 electromagnetic attraction D with different directions through the sliding of the pulley 303 fixed on the connecting plates 302 in the inner track of the shell 1031And electromagnetic attraction No. 2D2Therefore, the dynamic adjustment of the radial cutting force applied to the simulation tool 201, namely the direction D of the radial cutting force applied to the electric spindle 8 is realized to simulate the stress condition of the electric spindle 8 under the real machining working condition;
3. axial force loading
Referring to fig. 1, 7-a and 9, a loading control system based on labview software controls currents in the electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet 502 of No. 1, the electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet 502 of No. 2 are electrified under the action of the loading control system, the electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet 502 of No. 1 form a pair of same or opposite magnetic poles according to the direction of the currents in the electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet 502 of No. 2, the simulation tool 201 generates axial cutting forces in different directions, namely the axial cutting force G borne by the electric spindle 8, by the attractive force or repulsive force borne by the electromagnets 501 and 502 of No. 2, and the magnitude of the currents in the electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet 502 of No. 1 is adjusted by the loading control system to change the magnitude of the axial cutting force G borne by the electric spindle 8.
The test process of the non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device is adopted
1. Reliability test device for mounting non-contact all-condition loaded electric spindle
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, according to the model of the electric spindle to be tested, selecting a suitable simulated BT tool handle 601 or simulated HSK tool handle 602 and the flange plate 101A, 101B or 101C of No. 1, 2, or 3, connecting one end of the simulated BT tool handle 601 or simulated HSK tool handle 602 with the internal thread of the head of the simulated tool 201, installing the non-contact electric spindle reliability test device loaded under full working conditions on the electric spindle 8 through the flange plate 101A, 101B or 101C of No. 1, 2, or 3, and enabling the tool handle conical surface at the other end of the simulated BT tool handle 601 or simulated HSK tool handle 602 to be tightly matched with the conical hole at the installation end of the spindle 8;
2. clamp return
The hand wheel 218 is rotated, the No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B retract, the No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B no longer contact the simulation tool 201, and are in a disengaged state.
3. Selecting a simulated machining workpiece and determining a cutting force load spectrum
The 'electric spindle reliability test control platform' manufactured by labview software is opened, after a machining process, a workpiece type, a workpiece material and a workpiece model to be simulated are selected, the software can automatically select and determine a cutting force load spectrum required by simulating and machining the workpiece: the simulation machining device comprises a radial cutting force load spectrum, an axial cutting force load spectrum, a torque spectrum and a main shaft rotating speed spectrum, and automatically generates a simulation machining workpiece; after clicking 'begin loading', the device begins to work;
4, controlling the loading mechanism to work by a loading control system based on labview software, wherein the loading mechanism comprises a radial force loading mechanism 3, an axial force loading mechanism 4 and a torque loading mechanism 5;
after the cutting force load spectrum program is started, a loading command controls the current in two electromagnetic coils 306 in the radial force loading mechanism 3 and the current in the turntable motor 308, the current in the rotor 401 and the current in the stator winding 402 in the torque loading mechanism 4, the current in the No. 1 electromagnet 501 and the current in the No. 2 electromagnet 502 in the axial force loading mechanism 5 through a loading control system, so that the cutting force loaded on the main shaft 8 changes in real time according to the command of the load spectrum;
5. data acquisition and monitoring
In the test process, 2 radial pressure sensors 304, axial pressure sensors 504, No. 1 capacitive displacement sensors 307-A and No. 2 capacitive displacement sensors 307-B which are arranged on a non-contact all-working-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test device, as well as a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor and a current voltage sensor which are arranged on a motorized spindle 8 collect various signals in real time and transmit the signals to an 'motorized spindle reliability test control platform' for data collection and state monitoring; meanwhile, signals acquired by the 2 radial pressure sensors 304 and the axial pressure sensors 504 with the same structure are also fed back to the loading control system in real time, and the loading control system dynamically adjusts the loading mechanism in real time according to the received signals so as to realize high-precision loading on the electric spindle 8;
6. clamping by a fixture
After the main shaft 8 stops running, the hand wheel 218 is rotated in the opposite direction until the No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B clamp the simulation tool 201, and the No. 1 clamp 210-A and the No. 2 clamp 210-B are in a clamping state;
7. and disassembling the non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability testing device, and ending the test.
In addition, the examples set forth herein are presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the invention; the invention is just an optimized example or a better specific solution, and if the related technical personnel keeps the basic technical solution of the invention, the equivalent structural changes or various modifications without creative efforts are within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized by comprising an installation mechanism (1), a simulated cutter clamping mechanism (2), a radial force loading mechanism (3), a torque loading mechanism (4), an axial force loading mechanism (5) and a simulated cutter handle (6);
the simulated cutter clamping mechanism (2) comprises a simulated cutter (201) and a large bevel gear base (212);
the radial force loading mechanism (3) comprises a gear disc (301), 4 pulleys (303) with the same structure and a turntable motor (308);
the torque loading mechanism (4) comprises a rotor winding (401), a stator winding (402) and a balance ring (403);
the axial force loading mechanism (5) comprises a No. 1 electromagnet (501) and an axial pressure sensor (504);
the simulated cutter clamping mechanism (2) is arranged in a shell (103) of the installation mechanism (1), a large bevel gear base (212) is in contact connection with an annular shoulder in the shell (103), and the rotary axis of the simulated cutter (201) is collinear with that of the shell (103);
the radial force loading mechanism (3) is arranged in the shell (103) and sleeved on the simulation cutter (201), the bottom end face of the gear disc (301) is in contact connection with the bottom surface of the inner side of the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell (103), 4 pulleys (303) with the same structure are in sliding connection with 2 track grooves in the inner wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell (103), and the turntable motor (308) is arranged on the outer side wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell (103) and the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder in the shell (103); the torque loading mechanism (4) is sleeved on the simulation cutter (201) below the radial force loading mechanism (3), the rotor winding (401) and the simulation cutter (201) are in interference fit, and the outer wall of the stator winding (402) and the inner hole wall of the small-diameter cylinder in the shell (103) are in interference fit; the balance ring (403) is clamped on the simulation cutter (201) below the rotor winding (401);
the axial force loading mechanism (5) is arranged between the bottom end of the simulation cutter (201) and the bottom of the middle-small-diameter cylinder of the shell (103), the axial force loading mechanism (5) and the rotation axis of the simulation cutter (201) are collinear, the top end of the axial force loading mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with the bottom end face of the simulation cutter (201) through a No. 1 electromagnet (501), and the bottom end of the axial force loading mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the middle-small-diameter cylinder of the shell (103) through an axial pressure sensor (504); a simulated BT cutter handle (601) or a simulated HSK cutter handle (602) in the simulated cutter handle (6) is arranged at the top end of the simulated cutter (201), and the simulated BT cutter handle and the simulated HSK cutter handle are in threaded connection.
2. The non-contact type electric spindle reliability test device loaded under all working conditions according to claim 1, wherein the mounting mechanism (1) further comprises a gasket (102) and a No. 1 flange (101A), a No. 2 flange (101B) or a No. 3 flange (101C);
the gasket (102) is placed on a flange plate arranged at the open end of a large-diameter cylinder in a shell (103), the bottom end face of the gasket (102) is in contact connection with the top end face of the flange plate on the large-diameter cylinder in the shell (103), bolt through holes uniformly distributed on the gasket (102) are aligned with bolt through holes uniformly distributed on the flange plate in the shell (103), a No. 1 flange plate (101A), a No. 2 flange plate (101B) or a No. 3 flange plate (101C) are placed on the gasket (102), the bottom end faces of the No. 1 flange plate (101A), the No. 2 flange plate (101B) or the No. 3 flange plate (101C) are in contact connection with the top end face of the gasket (102), threaded holes uniformly distributed on a circular ring-shaped boss of the No. 1 flange plate (101A), the No. 2 flange plate (101B) or the No. 3 flange plate (101C) are aligned with the bolt through holes uniformly distributed on the gasket (102), and the shell (103) sequentially passes through the gasket, The No. 2 flange plate (101B) or the No. 3 flange plate (101C) is fixedly connected by bolts.
3. The non-contact all-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the shell (103) is a stepped cylindrical structural member, namely the shell (103) consists of a large-diameter cylinder and a small-diameter cylinder;
the bottom end of the small-diameter cylinder is closed, the other end of the small-diameter cylinder is open, a circle of plate-shaped radiating fins made of aluminum alloy materials are arranged on the outer wall from the closed end to the open end, two parallel annular track grooves with the same structure are arranged on the inner wall of the open end, the two annular track grooves are matched with pulleys (303) in the radial force loading mechanism (3), and a groove for mounting a turntable motor (308) is arranged on the outer wall of the open end;
the center of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with 3 sections of stepped holes, a first section of hole to a third section of hole are sequentially arranged from right to left, the diameter of the first section of hole is equal to that of a large bevel gear base (212) in the simulation tool clamping mechanism (2), the third section of hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder, and the diameter of the third section of hole is equal to the inner diameter of the small-diameter cylinder; one side of the bottom of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with a shaft through hole for installing an output shaft of the turntable motor (308), and threaded through holes for fixing the turntable motor (308) are uniformly arranged around the shaft through hole; the hole wall of the first section of hole is provided with 1 transmission rod through hole for installing a transmission rod (213) in the simulated cutter clamping mechanism (2), and the periphery of the transmission rod through hole is uniformly provided with screw through holes for fixing No. 3 limiting elements (215); the open end of the large-diameter cylinder is provided with a flange plate, the outer diameter of the flange plate is larger than that of the large-diameter cylinder, the inner diameter of the flange plate is equal to that of the large-diameter cylinder, the plane of the flange plate is vertical to the rotation axis of the large-diameter cylinder, and bolt holes aligned with threaded holes in the circular boss of the electric spindle (8), the flange plate No. 1 (101A), the flange plate No. 2 (101B) or the flange plate No. 3 (101C) are uniformly distributed in the flange plate; the cylinder bottom of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder bottom of the small-diameter cylinder are sequentially perpendicular to the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder, the cylinder bottom end of the large-diameter cylinder and the cylinder opening end of the small-diameter cylinder are connected into a whole, and the rotation axes of the large-diameter cylinder and the small-diameter cylinder are collinear.
4. The non-contact type all-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the simulation tool (201) is a round rod-shaped structural member consisting of a head part with a tool clamping function and a round shaft, the head part is a cylinder with an open upper end and a closed lower end, an internal thread matched with the simulation tool handle (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, and a circle of head groove with a rectangular cross section matched with a clamp No. 1 (210-A), a clamp No. 1 element of a clamp No. 2 (210-B) and a clamp No. 2 element is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the cylinder; the bottom end surface of the cylinder and the top end surface of the round shaft are connected into a whole, the bottom end surface of the cylinder and the top end surface of the round shaft are respectively vertical to the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft, and the rotation axis of the cylinder and the rotation axis of the round shaft are collinear; the outer wall of the upper end of the circular shaft is provided with a group of mutually parallel circular shaft grooves with the same structure and used for eliminating eddy currents, and the cross section of each circular shaft groove is a semicircular cross section.
5. The non-contact type full-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the simulated tool clamping mechanism (2) further comprises a large bevel gear (211), a No. 1 clamping mechanism (202), a No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) and a No. 3 clamping mechanism (204);
the large bevel gear (211) is arranged in a large bevel gear base (212) and is in sliding connection with the large bevel gear base, the simulation cutter (201) is arranged at the center of the large bevel gear (211) and the large bevel gear base (212), the rotation axis of the simulation cutter (201) and the rotation axis of the large bevel gear base (212) are collinear, the No. 1 clamping mechanism (202) and the No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) are symmetrically arranged on the large bevel gear base (212) through a No. 1 screw pair bracket (209-A) and a No. 2 screw pair bracket (209-B) in the clamping mechanism, the rotation axis of the No. 1 clamping mechanism (202) and the No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) and the rotation axis of the simulation cutter (201) are vertically crossed, the No. 1 clamping mechanism (202) is in meshing connection with the No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) and the large bevel gear (211), and the No. 3 clamping mechanism (204) is arranged on a cylinder with a large diameter in a shell (103) through a transmission rod (213) in the clamping mechanism, the rotation axis of the No. 3 clamping mechanism (204) is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201), and the No. 3 clamping mechanism (204) is in meshed connection with the large bevel gear (211).
6. The non-contact type all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the No. 1 clamping mechanism (202) and the No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) are identical in structure;
the No. 1 clamping mechanism (202) comprises a No. 1 limiting element (205-A), a No. 1 screw rod (206-A), a No. 1 small bevel gear (207-A), a No. 1 internal threaded pipe (208-A), a No. 1 spiral auxiliary support (209-A) and a No. 1 clamp (210-A);
the No. 2 clamping mechanism (203) comprises a No. 2 limiting element (205-B), a No. 2 screw rod (206-B), a No. 2 bevel pinion (207-B), a No. 2 internal threaded pipe (208-B), a No. 2 spiral auxiliary support (209-B) and a No. 2 clamp (210-B);
the structure of the No. 1 limiting element (205-A) is the same as that of the No. 2 limiting element (205-B), the structure of the No. 1 screw (206-A) is the same as that of the No. 2 screw (206-B), the structure of the No. 1 small bevel gear (207-A) is the same as that of the No. 2 small bevel gear (207-B), the structure of the No. 1 internal threaded pipe (208-A) is the same as that of the No. 2 internal threaded pipe (208-B), the structure of the No. 1 spiral auxiliary bracket (209-A) is the same as that of the No. 2 spiral auxiliary bracket (209-B), and the structure of the No. 1 clamp (210-A) is the same as that of the No. 2;
the number 1 spiral auxiliary support (209-A) is fixed on a large bevel gear base (212) by bolts, a number 1 internal thread pipe (208-A) is arranged in a horizontally placed cylindrical structural member at the head of the number 1 spiral auxiliary support (209-A), the number 1 internal thread pipe (208-A) and the number 1 small bevel gear (207-A) are in sliding connection, a number 1 screw rod (206-A) is arranged in the number 1 internal thread pipe (208-A), the number 1 small bevel gear (207-A) is sleeved on a second section of the number 1 screw rod (206-A) by a key, a number 1 limiting element (205-A) is sleeved on a first section of the number 1 screw rod (206-A), the number 1 small bevel gear and the number 1 small bevel gear are in threaded connection, the end face of the first section of the number 1 screw rod (206-A), which is close to the inner wall of the large diameter cylinder of the shell (103), is superposed with the end face of the number 1 limiting element (205-A), which is close to the inner wall of the large diameter The inner walls of the cylinders are contacted, and the No. 1 clamp (210-A) passes through the No. 1 fixing base and is fixed on the inner end face of the No. 1 internal thread pipe (208-A) by screws.
7. The non-contact type full-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the No. 3 clamping mechanism (204) comprises a transmission rod (213), a No. 3 bevel pinion (214), a No. 3 limiting element (215), a limiting sleeve (216), a locking sleeve (217), a hand wheel (218) and a locking screw (219);
the No. 3 small bevel gear (214) is sleeved on a first section of a transmission rod in the transmission rod (213) and is in key connection with the first section of the transmission rod, the end face of the No. 3 small bevel gear (214) close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201) is in contact connection with a round boss which plays a role in positioning on the transmission rod (213), a No. 3 limiting element (215) is sleeved on a second section of the transmission rod in the transmission rod (213) and is in clearance fit with the second section of the transmission rod, the end face of the No. 3 limiting element (215) close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201) is in contact fit with the No. 3 small bevel gear (214), the other end face of the No. 3 limiting element is fixedly connected with the inner wall of a large-diameter cylinder of the shell (103) through a screw, a limiting sleeve (216) is sleeved on an external screw thread at one end of a third section of the transmission rod in, the end face of a limiting sleeve (216) close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool (201) is in contact connection with the outer wall of a large-diameter cylinder of a shell (103), a locking sleeve (217) is sleeved on an external thread at one end of a third section of transmission rod in a transmission rod (213) far away from the rotary axis of the simulation tool (201), the locking sleeve (217) is in threaded connection with the third section of transmission rod in the transmission rod (213), the end face of the locking sleeve (217) far away from the rotary axis of the simulation tool (201) is in contact connection with the end face of a hand wheel (218) close to the rotary axis of the simulation tool (201), the hand wheel (218) is sleeved on a fourth section of transmission rod in the transmission rod (213), key connection is adopted between the locking sleeve and the third section of transmission rod and the hand wheel (218), and a locking screw (219.
8. The non-contact type all-working-condition-loaded electric spindle reliability test device is characterized in that the radial force loading mechanism (3) further comprises 2 connecting plates (302) with the same structure, 2 radial pressure sensors (304) with the same structure, 2 radial isolating plates (305) with the same structure, 2 electromagnetic coils (306) with the same structure, a No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor (307-A), a No. 2 capacitance displacement sensor (307-B) and a pinion (309);
the top ends of the 2 connecting plates (302) with the same structure are symmetrically connected with the bottom end surface of the gear disc (301) through screws relative to the rotation axis of the gear disc (301), the inner side surfaces, close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201), of the 2 connecting plates (302) with the same structure are fixedly connected with the outer side surfaces, namely the fixed surfaces of the 2 radial pressure sensors (304) with the same structure through screws, the outer side surfaces, far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201), of each connecting plate (302) are fixedly connected with 2 pulleys (303) with the same structure and matched with 2 parallel track grooves on the inner hole wall of a small-diameter cylinder of the shell (103) through screws, the outer side surfaces, far away from the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201), of the 2 aluminum arc-shaped radial isolation plates (305) with the same structure are fixedly connected with the inner side surfaces, namely the stressed surfaces of the 2 radial pressure sensors (304) with the same structure through, 2 electromagnetic coils (306) with the same structure are fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces, close to the rotation axis of the simulation tool (201), of the 2 radial isolation plates (305) with the same structure by screws; the turntable motor (308) is arranged on the outer side wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell (103) and the bottom of the cylinder with the large diameter in the shell (103), meanwhile, the turntable motor (308) is placed in a groove formed in the outer side wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell (103), the pinion (309) is sleeved on an output shaft of the turntable motor (308) in a key connection mode, the pinion (309) is connected with the gear plate (301) in a meshed mode, the No. 1 capacitance displacement sensor (307-A) and the No. 2 capacitance displacement sensor (307-B) are fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder with the small diameter in the shell (103) through screws, and a 90-degree included angle is formed between.
9. The non-contact type electric spindle reliability test device loaded under all working conditions according to claim 1, wherein the axial force loading mechanism (5) further comprises a No. 2 electromagnet (502) and an axial isolation plate (503);
the No. 1 electromagnet (501) and the No. 2 electromagnet (502) are structural members which are composed of coils and cylindrical iron cores and have the same structure, the No. 1 electromagnet (501), the No. 2 electromagnet (502) and the simulation cutter (201) are coaxially installed, the top end of the No. 1 electromagnet (501) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the simulation cutter (201) through screws, the No. 2 electromagnet (502) is positioned under the No. 1 electromagnet (501), the No. 2 electromagnet (502) is installed on the top end of the pressure sensor (504) through an axial isolation plate (503), the top end of the aluminum circular plate-shaped axial isolation plate (503) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the No. 2 electromagnet (502) through screws, the bottom end of the axial isolation plate (503) is fixedly connected with the top end of the axial pressure sensor (504) through screws, and the bottom end of the axial pressure sensor (504) is fixedly connected with the cylinder bottom of the small-diameter cylinder of the shell (, the rotation axes of the No. 1 electromagnet (501), the No. 2 electromagnet (502) and the axial isolation plate (503) and the axial pressure sensor (504) are collinear.
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