CN106768994B - Multi-physical-field composite loading electric spindle reliability test device - Google Patents
Multi-physical-field composite loading electric spindle reliability test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768994B CN106768994B CN201710164434.9A CN201710164434A CN106768994B CN 106768994 B CN106768994 B CN 106768994B CN 201710164434 A CN201710164434 A CN 201710164434A CN 106768994 B CN106768994 B CN 106768994B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment, relates to a multi-physical-field composite loading electric spindle reliability test device, and solves the problems that the prior art cannot simulate the conditions of thermal bending deformation, force bending deformation, cutting vibration and cutting torque of an electric spindle in a machining process and cannot simulate any spatial arrangement mode of the electric spindle; the device comprises a loading unit, an electric spindle position adjusting device and a performance detecting device; the loading unit comprises an electro-hydraulic servo loading device, a bearing coupler mixed loading unit, a bearing loading rotating unit and a dynamometer adjusting mechanism; the electric spindle position adjusting device comprises a main bracket and an electric spindle mounting table; the bearing coupling hybrid loading unit and the bearing loading rotating unit are arranged between the electric spindle mounting table and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism; the whole device can rotate around the loading end in a vertical plane to simulate horizontal and vertical working conditions; cutting force, cutting torque, bending deformation and thermal load are simultaneously applied to the front end of the tool shank, and the actual cutting process of the electric spindle is simulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment, relates to a multi-physical-field composite-loading reliability test device for an electric spindle, and particularly relates to a reliability test device capable of simulating thermal bending deformation, force bending deformation and cutting vibration caused by cutting force and cutting torque in a cutting process to realize composite loading.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is an important foundation for realizing industrial modernization, and the quality, the performance and the ownership of the numerical control machine tool become important marks for measuring the national industrialization level and the comprehensive national strength. The motorized spindle is one of key parts of a numerical control machine tool, and due to the fact that the motorized spindle is complex in internal structure, the motorized spindle can frequently fail while achieving efficient machining. The reliability level of the machine directly influences the reliability of the whole machine of the high-grade machine tool.
At present, in the process of reliability test of electric spindles by domestic and foreign electric spindle reliability test devices, after the spindles are connected with a dynamometer, axial force and radial force are directly applied to the tested spindles, and no test device capable of simulating thermal bending deformation and force bending deformation of the electric spindles in a cutting process is available. In the arrangement mode of the electric spindle, the electric spindle is mostly in a horizontal or vertical state, and the arrangement mode of the electric spindle in space cannot be simulated in all directions. These factors have hindered the development of electric spindle reliability tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the prior art can not comprehensively simulate the conditions of thermal bending deformation, force bending deformation, cutting vibration and cutting torque of an electric spindle in the machining process and can not simulate any spatial arrangement mode of the electric spindle, and therefore, the electric spindle reliability test device capable of simulating the combined loading of the thermal bending deformation, the force bending deformation and the cutting vibration and the torque caused by the cutting force of the spindle in the cutting process is designed.
The electric spindle reliability test device can carry out reliability test on the spindle according to a specific loading rule, and the real working condition of the tested spindle is simulated to the maximum extent. Aiming at the bending of the electric spindle in the milling process, a set of device for simulating the bending working condition of the electric spindle is developed, and the front end of the spindle tool handle is heated by adopting a controllable heat source simulation mode, so that the influence of the spindle on the dynamic and static stress after the spindle is subjected to thermal bending deformation is better simulated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme, which is described by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:
a multi-physical-field composite loading electric spindle reliability test device comprises a loading unit, an electric spindle position adjusting device, a performance detection device and an auxiliary equipment device;
the loading unit comprises an electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2, a bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6, a bearing loading rotating unit 9 and a dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10;
the electric spindle position adjusting device comprises a main bracket 5 and an electric spindle mounting table 8;
the performance detection device comprises a laser displacement sensor 7;
the laser displacement sensor 7, the electric spindle mounting table 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 are fixed on a rotating table 13 in the main bracket 5;
the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 and the main bracket 5 are arranged on a ground flat iron 1 in the auxiliary equipment device;
and the bearing coupling hybrid loading unit 6 and the bearing loading rotating unit 9 are arranged between the electric spindle mounting table 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10.
The main bracket 5 in the technical scheme further comprises a driving shaft 12, a fixed bracket 14 and a rotating motor 15; the fixed support 14 is fixed on the rotating platform 13, and the laser displacement sensor 7, the electric spindle mounting platform 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 are mounted on the fixed support 14; the driving motor 15 drives the rotating platform 13 to rotate around the driving shaft 12, so as to drive the laser displacement sensor 7, the electric spindle mounting platform 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 fixed on the rotating platform 13 to rotate, so that the whole set of test device can rotate around the driving shaft 12, and the stress conditions of different inclination states during spindle cutting can be simulated.
In the technical scheme, the electric spindle mounting table 8 comprises an electric spindle 16, an angle indicating disc 17, an electric spindle bracket 18, a spindle holding clamp 19 and a locking bolt 20;
the main shaft holding clamp 19 is arranged on the outer ring of the whole electric main shaft 16 to fix the electric main shaft 16; the electric spindle bracket 18 is arranged on the rotating platform 13; an angle indicating disc 17 is mounted at the end of the electric spindle 16.
The dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 in the technical scheme comprises a dynamometer 21, a dynamometer fixing plate 22, a rotating disc 23, a dynamometer rotating fixing table 24 and a position adjuster 25;
the dynamometer 21 is installed on a dynamometer fixing plate 22, the dynamometer fixing plate 22 is installed on a rotating disc 23 in a dynamometer rotating fixing table 24, and the motor drives the rotating disc 23 to rotate so as to drive the dynamometer 21 and the dynamometer fixing plate 22 to rotate together;
the position adjuster 25 is fixed to the rear of the dynamometer rotation fixing table 24 and is mounted on the rotation table 13 of the main stand 5.
In the technical scheme, the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 comprises an arc-shaped guide rail 26, an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27, a loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 and a base 29;
the arc-shaped guide rail 26 is installed on the ground flat iron 1, the base 29 can slide on the arc-shaped guide rail 26, the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 is fixed on the base 29, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28, two sides of a lower bottom plate of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 are installed in the arc-shaped groove of the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28, and angle adjustment of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 is achieved through rotation in the arc-shaped groove.
In the technical scheme, the bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6 comprises a loading mechanism shell 30, a simulation tool handle 31, a heating ring 34 and a diaphragm coupler 35;
a concave pit 43 is arranged on the surface of the loading mechanism shell 30;
the simulation tool handle 31 is connected with the diaphragm coupling 35, and the heating ring 34 is arranged on the outer side of the diaphragm coupling 35;
one end of the diaphragm coupling 35 is connected with the electric spindle 16, and the other end is connected with the dynamometer 21.
In the technical scheme, the bearing loading rotating unit 9 comprises a turbine 40, a worm 41 and a driving motor 42;
the output end of the driving motor 42 is directly connected with the worm 41 to drive the turbine 40 to rotate;
the turbine 40 is matched with a bottom sleeve cover II 38 of the bearing coupling mixed loading unit 6.
In the technical scheme, the horizontal projection of the axis of the electric spindle 16 is on the center of an arc-shaped guide rail 26 in the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2, and in the process that the base 29 slides along the arc-shaped guide rail 26, a loading point 44 at the front end of an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 in the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 is always in contact with a pit 43 on the surface of a loading mechanism shell 30 in the bearing coupling mixed loading unit 6.
In the technical scheme, the laser displacement sensor 7 is fixed on the surface of the main support 5 by utilizing a magnetic suction seat, and the position is adjusted to enable a laser head of the laser displacement sensor 7 to be aligned with the electric spindle 16 and to be close to the nearest end of the laser displacement sensor 7, so that the detected displacement value is minimum, and the detection of parameters such as radial run-out and rotation precision of the electric spindle 16 is realized.
In the technical scheme, the auxiliary equipment device also comprises a cooling control cabinet 3, a hydraulic station 4 and an industrial personal computer 11;
the cooling control cabinet 3, the hydraulic station 4 and the industrial personal computer 11 are placed on the ground;
the cooling control cabinet 3 provides cooling liquid for the main shaft and is provided with a flow control valve which can control the flow of the cooling liquid;
the hydraulic station 4 provides tension for a broach mechanism inside the electric spindle 16;
the industrial personal computer 11 realizes the functions of parameter acquisition and control of the whole reliability test system, and can display the running state of the test device in the display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the whole electric spindle reliability test device can rotate in a vertical plane around the cutting force loading end, so that the horizontal state, the vertical state and the inclined state of each angle in the actual machining process of the electric spindle are simulated, and the simulation of the real working condition of the electric spindle is facilitated.
2. This patent has designed controllable loading device respectively to cutting force, cutting moment of torsion, bending deformation and the four big loads of thermal load that receive in the electric main shaft actual work to utilize the mixed loading unit of bearing shaft coupling to exert these four big loads simultaneously to the handle of a knife front end of electric main shaft, simulate all loads that receive in the electric main shaft actual cutting process comparatively really.
3. According to the bending phenomenon of the main shaft in the electric main shaft milling process, a device for applying bending load to the electric main shaft is designed, so that the influence of the front section of a cutter bar of the electric main shaft on the electric main shaft after bending deformation in the cutting process is better simulated; the front end of the main shaft tool handle is heated by adopting a controllable heat source simulation mode, so that the influence of the electric main shaft subjected to thermal deformation on performance indexes can be better simulated.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an axial side projection view of the reliability testing device for multi-physical field composite loading electric spindle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a main stent according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of an electric spindle mounting station according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an adjustment mechanism of the dynamometer machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an electro-hydraulic servo loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a bearing coupling hybrid loading unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a bearing loading rotary unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the reliability testing apparatus for an electric spindle according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a loading schematic diagram of a point-liquid servo loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the principle of loading the bending condition of the motorized spindle according to the present invention;
in the figure:
1. the device comprises a ground plain iron, 2 an electro-hydraulic servo loading device, 3 a cooling control cabinet, 4 a hydraulic station, 5 a main bracket, 6 a bearing coupling mixed loading unit, 7 a laser displacement sensor, 8 an electric spindle mounting table, 9 a bearing loading rotating unit, 10 a dynamometer adjusting mechanism, 11 an industrial personal computer, 12 a driving shaft, 13 a rotating table, 14 a fixed bracket, 15 a rotating motor, 16 an electric spindle, 17 an angle indicating disc, 18 an electric spindle bracket, 19 a spindle clamp, 20 a locking bolt, 21 a dynamometer, 22 a dynamometer fixing plate, 23 a rotating disc, 24 a dynamometer rotating fixing table, 25 a position adjuster, 26 an arc guide rail, 27 an electro-hydraulic servo worm loading mechanism, 28 a loading angle adjusting mechanism, 29 a base, 30 a loading mechanism shell, 31 an analog coupling, 32 a sleeve cover I, 33 a bearing, 34 a heating ring, 35 a coupling, 36 a sleeve, 37 a bearing sealing ring, 38 a sleeve cover II, 39 a loading sleeve cover II, 40 a turbine rotating unit shell, 42 a turbine rotating point, 44 a loading point and 44 a loading point.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention relates to a multi-physical-field composite loading electric spindle reliability test device which comprises four parts, namely a loading unit, an electric spindle position adjusting device, a performance detection device and an auxiliary equipment device.
The loading unit comprises an electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2, a bearing coupler mixed loading unit 6, a bearing loading rotating unit 9 and a dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10;
the electric spindle position adjusting device comprises a main bracket 5 and an electric spindle mounting table 8;
the performance detection device comprises detection equipment such as a laser displacement sensor 7 and the like;
the auxiliary equipment device comprises a ground flat iron 1, a cooling control cabinet 3, a hydraulic station 4 and an industrial personal computer 11.
Referring to fig. 1, an electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 and a main support 5 are installed on a ground flat iron 1, a laser displacement sensor 7, an electric spindle installation table 8 and a dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 are vertically installed on the main support 5, a bearing coupler mixed loading unit 6 and a bearing loading rotating unit 9 are installed between the electric spindle installation table 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10, and a cooling control cabinet 3, a hydraulic station 4 and an industrial personal computer 11 are placed on the ground. The main components function as follows:
the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 is used for loading the simulation cutting force and direction of the main shaft; the cooling control cabinet 3 provides cooling liquid for the main shaft, and a flow control valve is arranged in the cooling control cabinet and can control the flow of the cooling liquid according to the requirement;
the hydraulic station 4 provides tension for a broach mechanism inside the electric spindle 16 to realize replacement or disassembly of different bearing coupling hybrid loading units 6;
the main support 5 realizes that the whole electric spindle reliability test device rotates in a vertical plane around the cutting force loading end, so that the horizontal and vertical working conditions and the working conditions of inclination at various angles in the actual machining process of the electric spindle are simulated;
the laser displacement sensor 7 is fixed on the surface of the main support 5 by utilizing a magnetic suction seat, and the position is adjusted to enable the detection light emitted by the laser displacement sensor 7 to be aligned with the electric spindle 16 and to be close to the nearest end of the laser displacement sensor 7, so that the detected displacement value is minimum, and the detection of parameters such as radial runout, rotation precision and the like of the electric spindle 16 can be realized.
The electric spindle mounting table 8 realizes the mounting of the electric spindle 16 and has the function of position adjustment;
the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 is used for simulating the bending working condition of the cutting torque on the main shaft;
the industrial personal computer 11 realizes the parameter acquisition and control functions of the whole reliability test system, and can display the running condition of the test device in the display.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the main stand 5 includes a driving shaft 12, a rotating table 13, a fixing stand 14, and a rotating motor 15. The laser displacement sensor 7, the electric spindle mounting table 8 and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism 10 are mounted on the fixed support 14, and when the driving motor 15 drives the rotating table 13 to rotate around the driving shaft 12, horizontal and vertical working conditions and working conditions of various angles of inclination in the actual machining process of the electric spindle can be simulated, so that the simulation of the real working conditions of the electric spindle is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 3, the spindle mounting table 8 includes an electric spindle 16, an angle indicating dial 17, an electric spindle bracket 18, a spindle clamp 19, and a locking bolt 20. The spindle clasping clamp 19 is arranged on the outer ring of the whole electric spindle 16, and is connected with the electric spindle bracket 18 on two sides through locking bolts 20 to fix the electric spindle 16. The electric spindle carrier 18 is mounted on the turntable 13. An angle indicating disc 17 is mounted at the end of the electric spindle 16. The electric main shaft 16 is rotated to the corresponding scale position by pulling the handle, and the main shaft holding clamp 19 is fixed by the locking bolt 20, so that the installation position can be adjusted.
When the electric spindle 16 needs to be rotated, the locking bolt 20 is loosened, the electric spindle 16 is adjusted to be appropriately indexed by using the handle at the 0-degree position of the angle dial according to the scale indication of the angle indicating disc 17, and then the spindle holding clamp 19 is fixed and the bolt is locked.
Referring to fig. 4, the dynamometer adjustment mechanism 10 includes a dynamometer 21, a dynamometer fixing plate 22, a rotation plate 23, a dynamometer rotation fixing table 24, and a position adjuster 25 (four). The dynamometer 21 is fixed on a dynamometer fixing plate 22 through bolts, the dynamometer fixing plate 22 is installed on a rotating disc 23 in a dynamometer rotating fixing table 24, and during bending loading, the rotating disc 23 installed in the dynamometer rotating fixing table 24 drives the dynamometer fixing plate 22 to rotate, so that the dynamometer 21 on the fixing plate is driven to rotate.
The motor drives the rotating disc 23 to rotate, so that the dynamometer 21 and the dynamometer fixing plate 22 are driven to rotate together, the bending working condition of the main shaft is simulated, and torque is applied to the main shaft.
Four position adjusters 25 are uniformly fixed to the rear of the dynamometer rotation fixing table 24 and mounted on the rotation table 13 of the main stand 5, and can horizontally move the entire dynamometer adjustment mechanism 10 to appropriate positions. The rotation motion of the dynamometer rotation fixing table 24 and the linear adjustment along the horizontal direction can simulate the misalignment condition of any angle, so as to apply bending moment, and the schematic diagram of the principle refers to fig. 9.
Referring to fig. 5, the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 includes an arc-shaped guide rail 26, an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27, a loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 and a base 29. The arc-shaped guide rail 26 is installed on the ground flat iron 1, the base 29 can slide on the arc-shaped guide rail 26, the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 is fixed on the base 29, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28, two sides of a lower bottom plate of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 are installed in the arc-shaped groove of the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28, the angle adjustment of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 is achieved through rotation in the arc-shaped groove, and therefore dynamic cutting force loading of multiple free electric spindles is achieved.
First, both sides of the lower plate of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 are mounted on the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28, and the angle adjustment is realized by rotating on the track of the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28.
Secondly, the base 29 can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 26, so as to drive the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 and the loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 fixed above the base to integrally slide, and if the height of the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 needs to be adjusted, the height of the base 29 can be adjusted, so that the dynamic cutting force loading of the spindle with multiple degrees of freedom is realized. The projection line of the intersection point of the loading direction and the axis of the electric spindle 16 in the direction vertical to the ground flat iron 1 passes through the center of the arc-shaped guide rail 26, and meanwhile, the projection line of the intersection point in the direction vertical to the rotating table 13 passes through the center of the rotating table 13, so that in the process that the base 29 slides along the arc-shaped guide rail 26, the loading point 44 (namely the front end of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27) is always in contact with the concave pit 43 on the surface of the loading mechanism shell 30 in the bearing coupling mixed loading unit 6, and stable loading is tested. And the loading point 44 is not changed when the rotary table 13 rotates.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 6, the bearing coupling hybrid loading unit 6 includes a loading mechanism housing 30, a simulated tool shank 31, a heating ring 34, a diaphragm coupling 35, a bearing 33, a sleeve 36, a bearing seal ring 37, a sleeve cover i 32 and a sleeve cover ii 38.
The simulated tool holder 31 is connected with the diaphragm coupling 35, and the heating ring 34 is installed outside the diaphragm coupling 35, namely, at the front end of the simulated tool holder 31. The bearing coupling hybrid loading unit 6 can perform a variety of functions including connecting the electric spindle 16 with the dynamometer 21 and applying torque, transferring dynamic cutting force applied by the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 to the electric spindle 16, applying bending deformation due to the dynamometer adjustment mechanism 10 to the electric spindle 16, and applying heat to the front end of the electric spindle 16.
The electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 is in contact with a pit 43 on the surface of the loading mechanism shell 30, so that the cutting force is loaded. The electric spindle 16 fixed on the spindle mounting table 8 is connected with the dynamometer 21 through the diaphragm coupling 35, and loading of torque of the electric spindle 16 is achieved. The front end of the simulation tool handle 31 is heated through the heating ring 34, so that the influence of the electric main shaft 16 subjected to thermal deformation on dynamic and static stress can be better simulated, and the actual working condition can be better simulated.
Referring to fig. 1, 6 and 7, the bearing loading rotation unit 9 shown in fig. 9 includes a bearing loading rotation unit housing 39, a worm wheel 40, a worm 41 and a driving motor 42.
When the loading direction of the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2 is changed, in order to ensure that the loading point 44 is always in contact with the pit 43 on the surface of the loading mechanism shell 30, the driving motor 42 is required to drive the turbine, and the bottom sleeve cover II 38 of the bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6 is matched with the turbine 40, so that the whole bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6 rotates to a position corresponding to the electro-hydraulic servo loading device 2, and the loading of the cutting force of the electric spindle 16 is realized.
The sleeve cover II 38 in the bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6 is in interference fit with the worm wheel 40, and the output end of the driving motor 42 is directly connected with the worm 41 to drive the worm wheel 40 to rotate, so that the whole bearing coupler hybrid loading unit 6 rotates around the electric spindle 16. The position of the loading point 44 is automatically corrected according to the angle relationship in the process that the base 29 of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27 slides along the arc-shaped guide rail 26, so that the loading point 44 (namely the front end of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27) is always kept in contact with the bearing device mixed loading unit, and accurate loading is realized.
Referring to fig. 8, the working principle of the electric spindle reliability testing apparatus described in this patent can be divided into four main aspects, namely, loading, electric spindle position adjustment, performance detection, and others.
Are illustrated below:
the loading portion includes cutting force loading, cutting torque loading, bending force loading, and thermal loading. The cutting force loading comprises cutting force magnitude control and direction control. The cutting force is controlled by an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism 27; the cutting force direction control is realized by a loading angle adjusting mechanism 28 and an arc-shaped guide rail 26 together; the cutting torque loading is completed by a dynamometer 21; the bending force loading is accomplished by dynamometer adjustment mechanism 10. The heat loading is achieved in part by heating the forward end of the spindle shank by the heating ring 34.
The position adjustment of the electric spindle is realized by rotating the rotating platform 13 and adjusting the installation position of the spindle. The rotating table 13 is driven by the rotating motor 15 to rotate around the driving shaft 12, so that the electric spindle mounting table 8 fixed on the rotating table 13 is driven to rotate integrally; the main shaft installation position adjustment utilizes a handle at the 0-degree position of an angle dial to adjust the position of the electric main shaft 16 according to the scale indication of the angle indicating dial 17.
The performance detection part comprises a laser displacement sensor 7 and other detection equipment, and realizes the detection of parameters such as radial run-out and rotation precision of the main shaft.
Other parts comprise a cooling control cabinet 3 for providing cooling liquid, a hydraulic station 4 for providing tension for a broach mechanism in an electric spindle 16 and an industrial personal computer 11 for realizing the parameter acquisition and control functions of the whole reliability test system.
The examples set forth herein are presented to enable those skilled in the art to make and use the invention. The invention is just an optimized example or a better specific solution, and if the related technical personnel keeps the basic technical solution of the invention, the equivalent structural changes or various modifications without creative efforts are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a many physics field combined loading's electricity main shaft reliability test device, includes loading unit, electricity main shaft position control device, performance detection device and auxiliary assembly device, its characterized in that:
the loading unit comprises an electro-hydraulic servo loading device (2), a bearing coupling mixed loading unit (6), a bearing loading rotating unit (9) and a dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10);
the electric spindle position adjusting device comprises a main bracket (5) and an electric spindle mounting table (8);
the performance detection device comprises a laser displacement sensor (7);
the laser displacement sensor (7), the electric spindle mounting table (8) and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10) are fixed on a rotating table (13) in the main support (5);
the electro-hydraulic servo loading device (2) and the main bracket (5) are arranged on a ground iron (1) in the auxiliary equipment device;
the bearing coupling hybrid loading unit (6) and the bearing loading rotating unit (9) are arranged between the electric spindle mounting table (8) and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10);
the main bracket (5) further comprises a driving shaft (12), a fixed bracket (14) and a rotating motor (15); the fixed support (14) is fixed on the rotating table (13), and the laser displacement sensor (7), the electric spindle mounting table (8) and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10) are mounted on the fixed support (14); the driving motor (15) drives the rotating table (13) to rotate around the driving shaft (12), so that the laser displacement sensor (7), the electric spindle mounting table (8) and the dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10) fixed on the rotating table (13) are driven to rotate, the rotation of the whole set of test device around the driving shaft (12) is realized, and the stress conditions of different inclination states during the cutting of the spindle are simulated;
the dynamometer adjusting mechanism (10) comprises a dynamometer (21), a dynamometer fixing plate (22), a rotating disc (23), a dynamometer rotating fixing table (24) and a position adjuster (25);
the dynamometer (21) is installed on a dynamometer fixing plate (22), the dynamometer fixing plate (22) is installed on a rotating disc (23) in a dynamometer rotating fixing table (24), and the motor drives the rotating disc (23) to rotate so as to drive the dynamometer (21) and the dynamometer fixing plate (22) to rotate together;
the position regulator (25) is fixed at the rear part of the dynamometer rotating fixed table (24) and is arranged on the rotating table (13) of the main bracket (5);
the bearing coupling hybrid loading unit (6) comprises a loading mechanism shell (30), a simulation tool handle (31), a heating ring (34) and a diaphragm coupling (35);
a concave pit (43) is arranged on the surface of the loading mechanism shell (30);
the simulation tool handle (31) is connected with the diaphragm coupling (35), and the heating ring (34) is installed on the outer side of the diaphragm coupling (35);
one end of the diaphragm coupling (35) is connected with the electric spindle (16), and the other end of the diaphragm coupling is connected with the dynamometer (21).
2. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the electric spindle mounting table (8) comprises an electric spindle (16), an angle indicating disc (17), an electric spindle support (18), a spindle clamp (19) and a locking bolt (20);
the main shaft holding clamp (19) is arranged on the outer ring of the whole electric main shaft (16) to fix the electric main shaft (16); the electric spindle bracket (18) is arranged on the rotating platform (13); an angle indicating disc (17) is arranged at the end part of the electric spindle (16).
3. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the electro-hydraulic servo loading device (2) comprises an arc-shaped guide rail (26), an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism (27), a loading angle adjusting mechanism (28) and a base (29);
the arc-shaped guide rail (26) is installed on a ground flat iron (1), the base (29) can slide on the arc-shaped guide rail (26), the loading angle adjusting mechanism (28) is fixed on the base (29), an arc-shaped groove is formed in the loading angle adjusting mechanism (28), two sides of a lower bottom plate of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism (27) are installed in the arc-shaped groove of the loading angle adjusting mechanism (28), and angle adjustment of the electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism (27) is achieved through rotation in the arc-shaped groove.
4. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the bearing loading rotating unit (9) comprises a turbine (40), a worm (41) and a driving motor (42);
the output end of the driving motor (42) is directly connected with the worm (41) to drive the turbine (40) to rotate;
and the turbine (40) is matched with a bottom sleeve cover II (38) of the bearing coupling mixed loading unit (6).
5. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the horizontal projection of the axis of the electric spindle (16) is on the circle center of an arc-shaped guide rail (26) in the electro-hydraulic servo loading device (2), and in the process that the base (29) slides along the arc-shaped guide rail (26), a loading point (44) at the front end of an electro-hydraulic servo loading mechanism (27) in the electro-hydraulic servo loading device (2) is always in contact with a pit (43) on the surface of a loading mechanism shell (30) in a bearing coupling mixed loading unit (6).
6. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the laser displacement sensor (7) is fixed on the surface of the main support (5) by utilizing a magnetic suction seat, and the position is adjusted to ensure that the laser head of the laser displacement sensor (7) is aligned with the electric spindle (16) and is close to the most proximal end of the laser displacement sensor (7), so that the detected displacement value is minimum, and the detection of the radial runout and rotation precision parameters of the electric spindle (16) is realized.
7. The multi-physical-field composite-loading electric spindle reliability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the auxiliary equipment device also comprises a cooling control cabinet (3), a hydraulic station (4) and an industrial personal computer (11);
the cooling control cabinet (3), the hydraulic station (4) and the industrial personal computer (11) are placed on the ground;
the cooling control cabinet (3) provides cooling liquid for the main shaft, and is provided with a flow control valve which can control the flow of the cooling liquid;
the hydraulic station (4) provides tension for a broach mechanism in the electric spindle (16);
the industrial personal computer (11) realizes the functions of parameter acquisition and control of the whole reliability test system, and can display the running state of the test device in the display.
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| CN106768994B true CN106768994B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| CN109307627B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2022-12-09 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Bending test device |
| CN109870360A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-11 | 吉林大学 | A kind of crankshaft reliability test |
| CN109932177A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-06-25 | 吉林大学 | A kind of electric spindle of boring mill universal turning load reliability test |
| CN110082679A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of electric machine experiment apparatus and its application method |
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| CN111141515B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-12-22 | 吉林大学 | Electric main shaft reliability test simulation loading device |
| CN111999046B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-05-11 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Fatigue endurance test bench and test bench |
| CN114720099B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-01-31 | 中国农业大学 | Full-working-condition single-rod loaded electric spindle reliability test device |
| CN114235454B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-10-20 | 吉林大学 | Five-axis numerical control machine tool rotary workbench reliability test device and method |
| CN114264462B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-03-22 | 吉林大学 | Reliability test bed and method for double-motorized spindle broach mechanism |
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| JP5312917B2 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2013-10-09 | カヤバ システム マシナリー株式会社 | Oscillating rotation test equipment |
| CN203519330U (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-04-02 | 青海大学 | Numerical control machine tool main shaft loading device |
| CN104833506B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-08-24 | 吉林大学 | Electrical spindle for machine tool reliability test bench centering adjusting device |
| CN105716845B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-05-15 | 吉林大学 | Simulate the power knife rest performance detection and monitoring device and method of typical condition loading |
| CN105527090B (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-06-05 | 吉林大学 | Electro spindle reliability test bench and reliability test method |
| CN106441886B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-08-21 | 吉林大学 | The main shaft reliability test and test method that cutting force automatically controls |
| CN206710074U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-12-05 | 吉林大学 | A kind of electro spindle reliability test of multiple physical field Combined Loading |
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Effective date of registration: 20240329 Address after: No. 9 Wangjin Road, Kalun Industrial Park, Jiutai Economic Development Zone, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130500 Patentee after: Huatie Testing Technology (Changchun) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 130012 No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Jilin, Changchun Patentee before: Jilin University Country or region before: China |