CN202869792U - Electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed loading-based testing stand for reliability of machine tool main shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test device for the spindle of a machine tool, in particular to a reliability test bench for the spindle of a machine tool which is mixedly loaded by an electro-hydraulic servo and a dynamometer, so as to solve the problem that the reliability test device for the spindle of a machine tool cannot truly simulate dynamic and static state The problem of cutting force and cutting torque loading. The device is mainly composed of machine tool spindle supporting part, torque loading part and cutting force loading part. (12), elastic diaphragm coupling (9) and dynamometer (8), the cutting force loading part adopts two loading methods: cutting combined force loading method and cutting axial force and radial force separate loading method. The utility model stimulates and exposes product faults by performing a reliability test simulating real working conditions on the measured machine tool spindle, and provides practical basic data for product reliability growth and evaluation.

Description

Machine Tool Spindle Reliability Test Bench Mixed Loaded by Electro-hydraulic Servo and Dynamometer

technical field

The utility model relates to a test device for a machine tool spindle, more precisely, the utility model relates to a machine tool spindle which realizes mixed dynamic loading of dynamic and static cutting force and cutting torque on the machine tool spindle through an electro-hydraulic servo and a dynamometer Reliability test bench.

Background technique

CNC machine tools are an important cornerstone of industrial modernization, and their quality, performance and ownership have become an important symbol to measure a country's industrialization level and comprehensive national strength. Although CNC machine tools have been developed for nearly half a century, their reliability has always been a key issue that people pay attention to and make unremitting efforts to solve. Reliability is an important issue that restricts the rapid and efficient development of CNC machine tools, and improving reliability is the key to improving the overall performance and technology of CNC machine tools.

One of the main reasons for the low reliability level of domestic CNC machine tools is the low reliability level of their key functional components. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the reliability test device of key functional components of CNC machine tools. As one of the key functional components of CNC machine tools, the machine tool spindle's own reliability level has an important impact on the reliability level of the whole machine. At present, there are some spindle reliability test devices with simple functions in China, which can only perform dry running test or simple loading test on the tested spindle, and there is a big gap between the working conditions simulated by the test and the real working conditions. In order to simulate the actual working conditions of the machine tool spindle as much as possible, the utility model provides a set of reliability test benches that can simultaneously load the machine tool spindle with dynamic and static cutting force and cutting torque.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the current machine tool spindle reliability test device cannot truly simulate dynamic and static cutting force and cutting torque loading. The performance test bench realizes mixed dynamic loading of dynamic and static cutting force and cutting torque on the spindle of the machine tool. The dynamometer provided by the utility model includes various types of dynamometers such as electric dynamometers and eddy current dynamometers.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions, which are explained as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The machine tool spindle reliability test bench with electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed loading described in the utility model is mainly composed of a machine tool spindle support part, a torque loading part and a cutting force loading part, and the spindle support part is composed of a spindle box pad The headstock backing plate 14 is a plate structure, the backing iron combination 15 is four sets of CNC milling machine shims of the same specification, and the headstock backing plate 14 is connected by bolts and T-shaped The nut is fixed on the horizontal iron 1, and at the same time, it is pressed and installed on the pad iron of the plane CNC milling machine under the headstock backing plate 14;

The torque loading part is composed of a coaxially assembled loading rod 12, an elastic diaphragm coupling 9 and a dynamometer 8. The loading rod 12 is a stepped shaft, and its big end is mounted on the three jaws of the headstock. On the chuck, the small end is keyed to one end of the elastic diaphragm coupling 9, the output shaft of the dynamometer 8 is keyed to the other end of the elastic diaphragm coupling 9, and the dynamometer 8 is installed on the mobile platform 7, the mobile platform 7 is fixed on the mobile platform base 6, the moving direction of the mobile platform 7 is parallel to the axis direction of the machine tool spindle, and the cross section of the mobile platform base 6 is a T-shaped backing plate, which is fixed on the horizontal iron 1;

The cutting force loading part adopts two loading methods: the cutting resultant force loading method and the cutting axial force and radial force separate loading method. The cutting force loading method is determined by the cutting force hydraulic loading device, the resultant bearing unit and the resultant bearing unit. It consists of a pre-tensioning device; the cutting axial force and radial force are separately loaded by a radial force loading device, an axial force loading device and a force component bearing unit.

The cutting force hydraulic loading device is composed of hydraulic loading device, No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 2, No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 5 and cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate 3. The cutting force hydraulic loading device The device supporting plate 3 is fixed on the supporting leg 2 of the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device and the supporting leg 5 of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device, and the hydraulic loading device is installed on the supporting plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device.

The hydraulic loading device is composed of a slide plate 51, a cage 52, a joint bearing 53, a hydraulic cylinder 54, a servo valve 55, a displacement sensor bracket 57, an elastic device 58, a force sensor 59, a stepped shaft 61 and a loading rod 60. The frame 52 is installed on the slide plate 51 through bolts and T-nuts. The left end face of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is threadedly connected with the threaded end rod of the joint bearing 53 at the left end. On the lower end surface, the displacement sensor bracket 57 is fixed on the right end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the front end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 54. The stud is connected with the force sensor 59 , the force sensor 59 is connected with the loading rod 60 through a double-ended stud, and the servo valve 55 is installed on the hydraulic cylinder 54 .

The slide plate 51 is a rectangular plate structure, the upper plane of the slide plate 51 is provided with two parallel T-shaped grooves, the lower plane of the slide plate 51 is provided with a stepped blind hole matched with the upper end of the stepped shaft 61, and the cutting force hydraulic pressure The supporting plate 3 of the loading device is provided with a central through hole matched with the lower end of the stepped shaft 61. The axis of rotation of the stepped blind hole is perpendicular to the upper and lower planes of the slide plate 51. The connection is fixed with bolts.

The hydraulic cylinder 54 is a single-piston rod or double-piston-rod hydraulic oil cylinder, the piston rod stretches out from the right end of the hydraulic cylinder 54, and the left end face of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is threadedly connected with the threaded end rod of the joint bearing 53 at the left end. The displacement sensor bracket 57 is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 54, and the upper end surface of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is hinged on the lower end surface of the top plate in the cage 52 through joint bearings, and the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is in the longitudinal symmetry plane of the cage 52 , the cage 52 is fixed on the slide plate 51 by bolts and T-shaped bolts, and the other end of the displacement sensor bracket 57 is provided with a through hole for fixing the inner core of the displacement sensor. When the piston rod moves, the inner core of the displacement sensor also As it moves, the displacement sensor can measure the displacement of the piston rod.

The elastic device 58 is composed of two front and rear connection plates with the same structure and two sleeves between the two connection plates. The connection plate is provided with two through holes. Two double-ended studs connect the connecting plate and the sleeve together with nuts, and the elastic device 58 is used to absorb part of the excitation displacement and transmit force, and its natural frequency should be more than twice the excitation frequency.

The legs 2 of the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device and the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device legs 5 are engine legs P06, and there are four U-shaped holes on the bottom, which are fixed to the horizontal iron 1 by bolts;

Around the central through hole of the support plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force, there are three ring-shaped through grooves with the same center and the same structure, which are used to install bolts. The support plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force is fixed on the No. 1 cutting force On the legs 2 of the hydraulic loading device and the legs 5 of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device; The legs 5 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force and the support plate 3 for the hydraulic loading device for cutting force should ensure the level of the hydraulic loading device, and ensure that the loading rod 60 of the hydraulic loading device is at the same height as the axis of the machine tool spindle 13. By adjusting the hydraulic loading device and the cutting force hydraulic pressure The angle between the supporting plates 3 of the loading device is to meet the requirement of loading and cutting resultant force.

The Heli bearing unit consists of a left dustproof end cover 28, a Heli bearing unit shell 29, a cooling copper pipe 31, a bearing seat 33, a left bearing 30, a sleeve 32, a right bearing 34, a bearing end cover 35, and a right side bearing. The dust-proof end cover 36 and the seal ring 62 are composed, the left bearing 30, the sleeve 32 and the right bearing 34 are in interference fit with the loading rod 12, the outer rings of the left bearing 30 and the right bearing 34 are in contact with the bearing seat 33 A transition fit with a small average gap or a gap fit with a small gap is adopted between them. The bearing end cover 35 is tightly connected with the bearing seat 33 through screws, and the cooling copper tube 31 is set on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing seat 33. The resultant force The bearing unit shell 29 encloses the cooling copper pipe 31, and its left end is tightly connected with the bearing seat 33 by screws, and the left dust-proof end cover 28 and the right dust-proof end cover 36 are tightly connected with the bearing unit shell by screws.

The positioning and pretightening device of the Heli bearing unit is composed of a positioning frame device support frame 25, a positioning device fixing frame 26 and a bearing sleeve positioning frame 27. The positioning frame support frame 25 is installed on the horizontal iron 1, and the positioning frame support frame The upper end face of 25 is fastened to be connected with the 26 lower end faces of spacer fixed mount by bolt, and the side of spacer fixed mount 26 is connected with bearing sleeve spacer 27 by adjusting bolt and installation position is adjustable.

The radial force loading device is composed of a radial hydraulic loading device, a No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device leg 16, a No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device leg 19 and a radial hydraulic loading device support plate 17. Hydraulic loading device, No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device outrigger 16, No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device outrigger 19 and radial hydraulic loading device support plate 17 and the hydraulic loading device in the first cutting reasonable loading mode, No. 1 Outrigger 2 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device, outrigger 5 of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device and the support plate of the cutting force hydraulic loading device have the same structure, and the No. The outrigger 19 is fixed on the horizontal iron 1 by bolts and T-nuts, and is fixedly connected with the support plate 17 of the supporting radial hydraulic loading device by bolts; the radial hydraulic loading device is fixedly connected with the support plate 17 of the radial hydraulic loading device by bolts .

The axial force applying device is composed of a swing arm 40, a swing arm support frame 37, a column fixing frame 38, a swing arm fixing column 42, a column fixing frame cover plate 41 and a column cover 39. The swing arm support frame 37 is formed by a bolt and T-nuts are fixedly installed on the horizontal iron 1, and the column fixing frame cover plate 41 is fixed on the top of the column fixing frame 38, and the column fixing frame 38 is fixed on the top of the swing arm support frame 37, and the swing arm fixes the column 42 is connected with the hole interference fit on the cover plate 41 of the column fixing frame, and the swing arm 40 is connected with the swing arm fixing column 42 with a clearance fit.

The force component bearing unit is composed of 4 bearings, a bearing sleeve shell 45, a No. 1 bearing outer spacer ring 47, a No. 2 bearing outer spacer ring 11, a No. 1 metal seal ring 49, a cylindrical bushing 50, and bearing left and right end caps. The left end cover 43 of the bearing sleeve and the right end cover 20 of the bearing sleeve are installed on the loading rods 12 at both ends of the bearing, and are fixedly connected with the bearing sleeve shell 45 by threads. No. bearing 48, No. 3 bearing 10 and No. 4 bearing 18, No. 1 bearing outer isolation ring 47 is housed between No. 1 bearing 46 and No. 2 bearing 48, and No. Bearing outer isolation ring 11, No. 2 bearing 48 and No. 3 bearing 10 are successively equipped with No. 1 metal sealing ring 49, cylindrical bushing 50 and No. 2 metal sealing ring 4, and No. 1 bearing outer isolation ring 47 and The No. 2 bearing outer spacer ring 11 is a circular ring with a trapezoidal cross-section. There are annular grooves on the surface of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of herringbone holes connecting the annular grooves and the two inclined surfaces are distributed on the circumference.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer of the utility model uses a hydraulic cylinder to simulate dynamic and static cutting force loading on the machine tool spindle to be tested on the loaded rod (simulated tool bar), and at the same time Use the dynamometer to load the loading bar with torque to simulate the cutting force and cutting torque on the machine tool spindle in the process of real machining of the workpiece; through the reliability test of the tested machine tool spindle simulating the real working conditions, the excitation, exposure Product failures provide practical basic data for product reliability growth and evaluation;

2. The reliability test bench of the machine tool spindle described in this utility model, which is mixedly loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer, adopts two dynamic and static cutting force loading methods, which are the combined force loading method and the separation of axial force and radial force. loading method. The combined force loading method has the characteristics of simple structure of the loading system; while the separate loading method of axial force and radial force can effectively reduce the overturning moment of the loading system on the bearing and improve the life of the bearing and the test bench; the two loading methods can be very good Simulate the actual cutting force when the machine tool spindle is working;

3. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer of the utility model adopts a mobile worktable, a backing plate with a T-shaped slot and a pad iron that can be lifted freely within a certain range , to reduce the difficulty of adjusting the coaxiality between the dynamometer and the machine tool spindle, and at the same time make the test bench easy to disassemble and replace various types of machine tool spindles;

4. The cutting force loading part of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer is equipped with tension and pressure sensors and displacement sensors, which can detect the magnitude of the simulated cutting force loaded in real time , to realize real-time monitoring, feedback and closed-loop control; when torque is loaded, a torque sensor and a rotational speed sensor are installed, which can also realize real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of the loaded cutting torque, so that the loading device has high loading accuracy;

5. The loading frequency of the cutting force loading part in the machine tool spindle reliability test bench which is dynamically loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo loading system and the dynamometer depends on the servo valve and hydraulic components. The utility model uses a dynamometer to load the cutting torque of the machine tool spindle, and the dynamometer has the characteristics of high absorbed power, high relatively high speed, and high maximum loading torque. It is more practical to carry out the loading test on the spindle of the machine tool with medium and high speed;

6. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench mixed with electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer described in this utility model is aimed at different types of machine tool spindles, only need to replace the spindle box backing plate, spindle clamping mechanism, loading rod and other transition parts The reliability loading test can be carried out on it, which reflects the flexibility and versatility of this test bench.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axonometric projection diagram of the cutting resultant force loading and cutting torque loading device of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench mixedly loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer described in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the axonometric projection diagram of the cutting axial force, radial force separately loading and cutting torque loading device of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixedly;

Fig. 3 is the full cross-sectional view of the square bearing unit of the reliability test bench of the machine tool spindle under the hybrid dynamic loading of the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is an axonometric view of the combined bearing unit positioning and pre-tightening device of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer according to the utility model;

Fig. 5 is an axonometric view of the axial loading system when the cutting force of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer is mixed and loaded separately;

Fig. 6 is the front view and axonometric projection diagram of the axial force applying device when the cutting force of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer is separately loaded according to the utility model;

Fig. 7 is a full cross-sectional view of the component bearing unit of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixedly according to the utility model;

Fig. 8 is the supporting plate of the cutting force hydraulic loading device, the supporting plate of the radial hydraulic loading device, and the supporting plate of the axial hydraulic loading device of the reliability test bench of the machine tool spindle which is mixed loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer according to the utility model Axonometric drawing;

Fig. 9 is the axonometric view of the hydraulic loading device of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixedly according to the utility model;

Fig. 10 is an axonometric exploded view of the hydraulic loading device of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench which is mixedly loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Horizontal iron, No. 2. Outrigger of cutting force hydraulic loading device, 3. Support plate of cutting force hydraulic loading device, No. 4.2 metal sealing ring, No. 5.2 Outrigger of cutting force hydraulic loading device, 6. Mobile platform base, 7. Mobile platform, 8. Dynamometer, 9. Elastic diaphragm coupling, No. 10.3 bearing, No. 11.2 bearing outer isolation ring, 12. Loading rod, 13. Machine tool spindle, 14. Spindle box backing plate, 15. Pad iron combination, No. 16.1 Outrigger of radial hydraulic loading device, 17. Support plate of radial hydraulic loading device, No. 18.4 bearing, No. 19.2 Outrigger of radial hydraulic loading device, 20. Right end cover of bearing sleeve, 21. Metal sealing ring , No. 22.2 axial hydraulic loading device leg, 23. radial hydraulic loading device support plate, 24.1 axial hydraulic loading device leg, 25. support frame, 26. fixed frame, 27. bearing sleeve positioning pretension frame, 28. Left dust-proof end cover, 29. Bearing unit shell, 30. Left bearing, 31. Cooling copper pipe, 32. Sleeve, 33. Bearing seat, 34. Right bearing, 35. Right bearing end cover , 36. Right dustproof end cover, 37. Swing arm support frame, 38. Column fixing frame, 39. Column cover, 40. Swing arm, 41. Column fixing frame cover plate, 42. Swing arm fixing column, 43. Bearing sleeve left end cover, 44. Elastic retaining ring, 45. Bearing sleeve shell, No. 46.1 bearing, No. 47.1 bearing outer isolation ring, No. 48.2 bearing, No. 49.1 metal sealing ring, 50. Cylindrical shaft sleeve, 51. Skateboard, 52. Cage, 53. Joint bearing, 54. Hydraulic cylinder, 55. Servo valve, 56. Displacement sensor, 57. Displacement sensor bracket, 58. Elastic device, 59. Force sensor, 60. Loading rod, 61. Step shaft, 62 .Sealing ring.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail:

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer according to the utility model includes a machine tool spindle supporting part, a torque loading part, and a cutting force loading part.

1. Spindle support part of machine tool

The supporting part of the machine tool spindle includes a headstock backing plate 14 and a shim assembly 15 .

The headstock backing plate 14 is a plate structure, and there are T-shaped grooves parallel to each other on the upper plane. 15 is four sets of NC milling machine pads of the same specification, the model is S83-2, the machine tool spindle 13 is assembled on the headstock through the flange, and together with the three-jaw chuck is used as the test object of this test bench; Bolts and T-shaped nuts are fixed on the headstock backing plate 14; four sets of NC milling machine shims of the same specification in the shim combination 15 are placed at the four corners of the lower plane of the headstock backing plate 14 to adjust the height of the main shaft and ensure The T-shaped slot on the headstock backing plate 14 is perpendicular to the T-shaped slot on the horizontal iron 1, the T-shaped slot on the headstock backing plate 14 is parallel to the axis of the main shaft, and the T-shaped slot on the horizontal iron 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft. The combination of the two can adjust the position of the headstock in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle and parallel to the axis of the spindle when the headstock is installed.

The headstock backing plate 14 is fixed on the horizontal iron 1 by bolts and T-shaped nuts, and is pressed and installed on the CNC milling machine pad iron at the four corners of the lower plane of the headstock backing plate 14 simultaneously.

2. Torque loading part

The torque loading part includes a loading bar 12 , an elastic diaphragm coupling 9 , a dynamometer 8 , a moving platform 7 and a moving platform base 6 .

The loading rod 12 is a stepped shaft, and the left end of the small end of the loading rod 12 has a round head keyway A-type keyway symmetrical along its axis; There is a through hole distributed at the feet, which are fixed on the ground level iron by bolts and T-nuts;

要求，从而可以通过调节移动工作台7使测功机8沿机床主轴13轴线方向进行位置调整，移动工作台7可以手动锁紧，从而使测功机8固定。The right end of the large end of the loading rod 12 is clamped on the three-jaw chuck of the headstock, and the small end of the other end is connected to one end of the elastic diaphragm coupling 9 of the model JM116 through two A-shaped keys. The output shaft of the dynamometer 8 The other end of the elastic diaphragm coupling 9 is connected by two A-type keys; the shoulder of the loading rod 12 is used for positioning the bearing; the dynamometer 8 used in this utility model is an AC power dynamometer The machine DL662 is fixed on the mobile platform 7 of model ZXT200MA06 by bolts, the mobile platform is fixed on the base 6 of the mobile platform by bolts, and the moving direction of the mobile platform 7 is parallel to the axis direction of the machine tool spindle; the base 6 of the mobile platform is placed on the ground On the iron 1, the bolts pass through the through holes of the four feet of the mobile platform base 6 and pass through the T-shaped nuts, and are fastened on the horizontal iron 1; the dynamometer 8 is installed on the mobile platform 7, and the input shaft of the dynamometer 8 is ensured The axis and the axis of the loading rod 12 meet the coaxiality

According to requirements, the position of the dynamometer 8 can be adjusted along the axial direction of the machine tool spindle 13 by adjusting the movable workbench 7, and the movable workbench 7 can be manually locked to fix the dynamometer 8.

3. Cutting force loading part

The cutting force loading part adopts two loading methods, the first is the combined cutting force loading method, and the second is the cutting axial force and radial force separate loading method;

1. The first cutting force loading method includes a cutting force hydraulic loading device, a force bearing unit, and a force bearing unit positioning preloading device;

Referring to FIG. 1 , the cutting force hydraulic loading device includes a hydraulic loading device, a No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 2 , a No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 5 and a cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate 3 .

Referring to FIG. 9, the hydraulic loading device described with reference to FIG. 10 includes a slide plate 51, a cage 52, a joint bearing 53, a hydraulic cylinder 54, a servo valve 55, a displacement sensor bracket 57, an elastic device 58, a stepped shaft 61, and a loading rod 60.

The sliding plate 51 is a rectangular plate structure, the upper plane of the sliding plate 51 is evenly distributed with 2 T-shaped grooves from left to right, and a stepped blind hole is set at 5 to 20 cm to the right of the middle of the lower plane of the sliding plate 51 That is, it is assembled with the upper end of the stepped shaft 61, the axis of rotation of the stepped blind hole and the upper plane of the slide plate 51 are perpendicular to the lower plane, and the central through hole on the support plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device and the stepped hole on the slide plate 51 are respectively aligned with the step The lower end of the shaft 61 cooperates with the upper end, and 6 threaded through holes are evenly distributed around the stepped blind hole of the slide plate 51. The slide plate 51 and the support plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force are fixed to each other through the threaded through holes and bolts, and the tightening degree of the bolts is adjusted. , the slide plate 51 can be rotated around the stepped shaft 61, so that the support plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device and the slide plate 51 form a certain angle; at the same time, the slide plate 51 bolts and T-nuts are fixedly connected with the cage 52, and by adjusting the tightening degree of the bolts, adjustment Relative positions of the cage 52 and the slide plate 51 . The stepped shaft 61 is a shaft with a shoulder, and the shoulder is close to the upper end of the shaft.

Described hydraulic cylinder 54 selects single-piston rod or double-piston-rod hydraulic oil cylinder for use, and piston rod stretches out from the right end of hydraulic cylinder 54, and the left end face of hydraulic cylinder 54 is threadedly connected with one end rod of joint bearing 53 threaded, and is hinged on On the lower end surface of the top plate in the cage 52, the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is in the longitudinal symmetry plane of the cage 52, and a displacement sensor bracket 57 is installed at the front end of the hydraulic cylinder;

The other end of the displacement sensor support 57 has a through hole, which is used to fix the inner core of the displacement sensor. When the piston rod moves, the inner core of the displacement sensor also moves, and the displacement sensor can measure the displacement of the piston rod;

The elastic device 58 is composed of a left connecting plate, a right connecting plate, 2 sleeves with the same structure, 2 bolts with the same specification and 2 nuts with the same specification, wherein: the left connecting plate and the right connecting plate have the same structure. 2 bolts of the same specification are inserted into the through holes on both sides of the left and right connecting plates. Nuts with the same structure fixedly connect the left connecting plate, the right connecting plate and the two sleeves with the same structure. The threaded hole on the right connecting plate is threaded with the left end of the stud, and the threaded hole on the left connecting plate is threaded with the piston rod right end of the hydraulic cylinder 54. The elastic device 58 can absorb part of the vibration displacement and can transmit the force. The natural frequency of the elastic device should be more than twice the excitation frequency;

The cage 52 is fixed on the slide plate 51 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device through bolts and T-nuts, the upper end surface of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is hinged on the lower end surface of the top plate in the cage 52 through joint bearings, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 54 is fixed Displacement sensor bracket 57.

The No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 2 and the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg 5 are engine legs P06, and there are four U-shaped holes on the bottom, which are fixed to the horizontal iron 1 by bolts;

The supporting plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force is a rectangular plate structure. A central through hole is arranged at the center of the supporting plate 3 for the hydraulic loading device for cutting force. Circular through groove for mounting bolts. Both ends of the support plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device have two through holes for passing bolts to fix it on the legs 2 of the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device and the legs 5 of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device.

No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device Outrigger 2 and No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device Outrigger 5 are installed on the ground level iron 1 through bolts and T-nuts, and ensure that the space distance between it and the square bearing unit meets the position requirements of the loading system The supporting plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force is installed on the support leg 2 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force No. 1 and the supporting leg 5 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force No. 2 through bolts; The supporting plate 3 of the loading device is fastened and connected; the outrigger 2 of the No. 1 hydraulic loading device, the outrigger 5 of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device, and the supporting plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device should ensure the level of the hydraulic loading device and ensure the level of the hydraulic loading device. The loading rod 60 is at the same height as the axis of the machine tool spindle 13, and the requirement for loading and cutting force is met by adjusting the angle between the hydraulic loading device and the support plate 3 of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force.

Referring to Fig. 3, the Heli bearing unit includes a left dust-proof end cover 28, a Heli bearing unit housing 29, a cooling copper pipe 31, a bearing seat 33, a left bearing 30, a sleeve 32, a right bearing 34, and a bearing end cover 35, right side dustproof end cover 36 and sealing ring 62.

The left dust-proof end cover 28 and the right dust-proof end cover 36 are square iron plates with stepped holes inside and trapezoidal ring grooves on the inner surface; the Heli bearing unit shell 29 is a trapezoidal iron block with stepped holes inside , there are six threaded holes evenly distributed around the stepped holes on the two end faces, and four other threaded holes are evenly distributed on the left end face; the cooling copper pipe 31 is a spiral copper pipe; the bearing seat 33 is a cylindrical iron block , there is a stepped hole inside, and threaded holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the stepped hole at both ends;

The left side bearing 30, the sleeve 32, and the right side bearing 34 are installed on the loading bar 12, the interference fit between the left side bearing 30 and the right side bearing 34 and the loading bar 12, the inner ring of the right side bearing 34 and the loading bar 12 The shaft shoulders are in contact and positioned, the left bearing 30 and the right bearing 34 are installed in pairs, and the sleeve 32 is installed between the two bearings; the outer ring of the left bearing 30 and the right bearing 34 and the bearing seat 33 adopt an average clearance A small transition fit or a clearance fit with a small clearance, the bearing seat 33 cooperates with the left bearing 30 through the annular step of its inner hole; the bearing end cover 35 is tightly connected with the bearing seat 33 through screws, and the bearing end cover 35 The raised ring at the left end bears against the outer ring of the bearing 34 on the right to preload the bearing group; the cooling copper tube 31 is set on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing seat 33; the Heli bearing unit shell 29 covers the cooling copper tube 31, and its left end The bearing seat 33 is tightly connected by screws; the left dustproof end cover 28 and the right dustproof end cover 36 are firmly connected with the bearing unit shell by screws.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the positioning pretensioning device of the Heli bearing unit includes a positioning frame device support frame 25 , a positioning device fixing frame 26 , and a bearing sleeve positioning frame 27 .

The positioning frame support frame 25 is a T-shaped box-shaped weldment welded by five steel plates, with four U-shaped holes at the bottom and four threaded holes on the upper surface for threaded connection with the positioning device fixing frame; The positioning device fixing frame 26 is to be welded together vertically by two steel plates to form an L shape. There are reinforcing ribs between the two steel plates. There are four threaded holes on the left end face connected with the bearing positioning frame 27. There are four stepped holes; the bearing sleeve positioning frame 27 is a weldment formed by vertical welding of a U-shaped steel plate and a square steel plate, and there are four long holes on the right end face connected with the positioning frame fixing frame 26, and the direction of the long hole is parallel to the axial direction of the loading rod 12 .

The positioning frame supporting frame 25 is installed on the horizontal iron 1 to ensure that the space distance between it and the Heli bearing unit meets the position requirements of the loading system, and the positioning frame supporting frame 25 is fixed on the horizontal iron 1 by bolts and T-shaped nuts; the positioning frame supports The upper end surface of the frame 25 is fastened and connected with the lower end surface of the positioning frame fixing frame 26 by bolts; Adjust the position of the adjusting bolt along the direction of the long hole; the positioning unit of the Heli bearing unit should have an appropriate height to ensure that the bearing positioning frame can position the Heli bearing unit and meet the positioning requirements.

2. The second cutting axial force and radial force separate loading method includes a radial force loading device, an axial force loading device and a force component bearing unit.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the radial force loading device includes a radial hydraulic loading device, a No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device leg 16 , a No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device leg 19 and a radial hydraulic loading device support plate 17 .

The radial hydraulic loading device is similar in structure to the hydraulic loading device in the first reasonable loading mode for cutting.

The legs 16 of the No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device and the legs 19 of the No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device are engine legs P06, and there are four U-shaped holes on the bottom, which are fixed to the horizontal iron 1 by bolts;

Referring to FIG. 8 , the supporting plate 17 of the radial loading device is similar in structure to the supporting plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device in the first cutting force loading mode.

The legs 16 of the No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device and the legs 19 of the No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device are fixed on the horizontal iron 1 through bolts and T-nuts, and are fixedly connected with the support plate 17 of the supporting radial hydraulic loading device through bolts; The radial hydraulic loading device is fixedly connected with the support plate 17 of the radial hydraulic loading device through bolts; the legs 16 of the No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device, the legs 19 of the No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device, and the support plate 17 of the radial hydraulic loading device should be Ensure that the loading rod of the radial hydraulic loading device is horizontal and perpendicular to the axis of the machine tool spindle 13, and at the same time ensure that the piston rod of the radial hydraulic loading device is at the same height as the axis of the machine tool spindle 13.

Referring to Fig. 5, the axial force loading part includes axial hydraulic loading device, No. 1 axial hydraulic loading device leg 24, No. 2 axial hydraulic loading device leg 22, axial hydraulic loading device support plate 23, Axial force application device.

The axial hydraulic loading device is similar in structure to the hydraulic loading device in the first cutting resultant force loading mode.

The legs 24 of the No. 1 axial hydraulic loading device and the legs 22 of the No. 2 axial hydraulic loading device are small engine legs P06, with four U-shaped holes on the bottom, which are fixed to the horizontal iron 1 by bolts;

Referring to FIG. 8 , the supporting plate 23 of the axial loading device is similar in structure to the supporting plate 3 of the cutting force hydraulic loading device in the first reasonable cutting loading mode.

The legs 24 of the No. 1 axial hydraulic loading device and the legs 22 of the No. 2 axial hydraulic loading device are fixed on the horizontal iron 1 through bolts and T-shaped nuts, and are fixedly connected with the support plate 23 of the supporting axial hydraulic loading device through bolts; The axial hydraulic loading device is fixedly connected to the supporting plate 23 of the axial hydraulic loading device through bolts; the supporting leg 24 of the No. 1 axial hydraulic loading device, the supporting leg 22 of the No. Ensure that the loading rod of the axial hydraulic loading device is parallel to the axis of the machine tool spindle, and at the same time ensure that the loading rod of the axial hydraulic loading device is at the same height as the axis of the machine tool spindle 13; the loading rod 60 of the axial hydraulic loading device withstands the swing of the axial force applying device The dimple at one end of the arm 40 enables the loading rod 60 of the axial hydraulic loading device to withstand the dimple of the swing arm 40 of the axial force application device at all times through the preloading force.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the axial force applying device includes a swing arm 40 , a swing arm support frame 37 , a column fixing frame 38 , a swing arm fixing column 42 , a column fixing frame cover plate 41 and a column sleeve 39 .

The swing arm 40 is a U-shaped structural member formed by welding or mechanically connecting three square thin-walled steel plates. The three square thin-walled steel plates are perpendicular to each other, and the front right section of the two horizontal steel plates contacts the component bearing unit. There are protruding smaller cylinders; the swing arm support frame 37 is a T-shaped box-shaped weldment welded by five steel plates, with four U-shaped holes on the bottom and four threaded holes on the upper surface for The column fixing frame 38 is fixedly connected; the column fixing frame 38 is a U-shaped weldment welded by three steel plates, and the three steel plates are perpendicular to each other; the swing arm fixing column 42 is a stepped shaft with a shoulder on the shaft The column holder cover plate 41 is a square steel plate with through holes at the four corners, and there is a through hole in the center of the column holder cover plate 41; the column cover 39 is a tubular part.

The swing arm support frame 37 is fixedly installed on the horizontal iron 1 through bolts and T-nuts, and the space distance between it and the circular bearing unit is guaranteed to meet the position requirements of the loading system; Fixed connection; the fixed column 42 of the swing arm is connected with the column fixed frame 38 by an interference fit through the hole above the column fixed frame 38, and the column fixed frame 38 and the swing arm support frame 37 should ensure that the fixed column of the swing arm is vertical and perpendicular to the main shaft of the machine tool 13. The swing arm 40 is connected with the swing arm fixing column 42 through a round hole, and the two are in clearance fit; the column fixing frame cover plate 41 is transitionally fitted with the swing arm fixing column 42 through the round hole on it, and is fixed to the column by bolts The frame 38 is fastened and connected; the entire axial force applying device should make the swing arm 40 meet the level of its symmetry plane and the axis of the machine tool spindle, so as to ensure that the swing arm 40 can smoothly and correctly apply the axial force to the force component bearing unit.

Referring to Fig. 7, the component force bearing unit includes the left end cover 43 of the bearing sleeve, the housing shell 45 of the bearing sleeve, the elastic retaining ring 44, the No. 1 bearing 46, the No. 2 bearing 48, the outer spacer ring 47 of the No. 1 bearing, and the No. 1 metal sealing ring 49. Cylindrical shaft sleeve 50, No. 2 metal seal ring 4, No. 3 bearing 10, No. 4 bearing 18, No. 2 bearing outer isolation ring 11, metal seal ring 21 and bearing sleeve right end cover 20.

The left end cover 43 of the bearing is circular, with a square boss at one end, and four countersunk holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; the bearing sleeve shell 45 is a hollow cylinder, and four threaded holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the left end surface , and six threaded holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the right end face; the No. 1 bearing outer spacer ring 47 and the No. 2 bearing outer spacer ring 11 are circular rings with trapezoidal cross-sections, and there are annular grooves on the surface of the outer cylinder, and there are circular grooves distributed on the circumference. Eight herringbone holes connecting the annular groove and the two slopes in the inner test; the right end cover 20 of the bearing sleeve is a hollow disc with a convex ring at one end, and six countersunk holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction;

No. 3 bearing 10 and No. 4 bearing 18 are installed in pairs, and No. 2 bearing outer isolation ring 11 is placed between them. At the same time, the left side of No. 4 bearing 18 withstands the metal sealing ring 21, and the right side of the metal sealing ring 21 tops. The shaft shoulder of the loading rod 12, the interference fit between the No. 3 bearing 10 and the No. 4 bearing 18 and the loading rod 12, and a transition fit with a small average clearance or a clearance fit with a small clearance with the bearing housing shell 45 ; The raised ring of the No. 2 metal seal ring 4 bears against the left side of the inner ring of the No. 3 bearing 10, and the transition fit between the No. 2 metal seal ring 4 and the bearing sleeve shell 45 adopts a small average clearance or has a small clearance The clearance fit; the cylinder sleeve 50 is installed on the loading rod 12 and withstands the left side of the No. 2 metal seal ring 62. The installation method of the No. 1 metal seal ring 49 is opposite to that of the No. 2 metal seal ring 4, and one side withstands the cylinder Shaft sleeve 50; No. 1 bearing 46 and No. 2 bearing 48 are installed in pairs, and No. 1 bearing outer isolation ring 47 is installed between them, and the inner ring of No. 2 bearing 48 withstands the left side of No. 1 metal sealing ring 49 , No. 1 bearing 46 and No. 2 bearing 48 have an interference fit with the loading rod 12, and adopt a transition fit with a small average clearance or a clearance fit with a small clearance with the bearing housing shell 45; the circlip 44 is installed on The left side of No. 1 bearing 46; the right end cover 20 of the bearing sleeve and the bearing housing shell 45 are fastened and connected by bolts, and the convex ring at one end is in clearance fit with the metal sealing ring 21; the convex ring on the right side of the bearing left end cover 43 withstands the The outer ring of the No. 1 bearing 46 is firmly connected with the bearing housing shell 45 by screws.

The working principle of the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer:

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a schematic diagram of the loading test of the machine tool spindle is shown in the figure. Before the test, adjust the position and angle of the hydraulic loading device according to the magnitude and direction of the dynamic and static cutting force, so that the cutting force loading device can smoothly load the square bearing unit or the circular bearing unit. Finally, it is controlled by the upper industrial computer. Select certain parameters on the VB control interface and communicate with the lower dynamometer controller and servo valve controller through the RS-232C port. The dynamometer controller controls the dynamometer to rotate the loading rod. Torque is applied, and the signals detected by the torque sensor and rotational speed sensor are fed back to the upper industrial computer through the signal amplifier and A/D card for closed-loop control. The loading device performs closed-loop control, and the entire control process is monitored in real time. At the same time, the upper industrial computer controls the cooling machine to provide wind cooling for the dynamometer, so that the dynamometer can run normally for a long time.

The reliability test bench of the machine tool spindle described in the utility model, which is mixedly loaded by the electro-hydraulic servo and the dynamometer, is equipped with a cutting force loading device according to the simulated cutting conditions when performing the reliability test on the machine tool spindle. Set various parameters such as loading force, vibration frequency, loading waveform, loading time, loading torque, and machine tool spindle speed on the VB interface. After the test starts, the upper industrial computer controls the machine tool spindle speed, and simultaneously controls the hydraulic loading system and torque loading. system, after the loading process is over, the servo valve controls the loading head of the hydraulic loading system to retract, and at the same time stops the torque loading system.

The embodiment described in the utility model is to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand and apply the utility model, and is a relatively specific technical solution rather than limitation. If relevant technical personnel make equivalent structural changes or various modifications that do not require creative work while adhering to the basic technical solution of the utility model, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (11)

1. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench is loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer. It is mainly composed of machine tool spindle support part, torque loading part and cutting force loading part. It is characterized in that: The main shaft supporting part is composed of a headstock backing plate (14) and a shim combination (15), the headstock backing plate (14) is a plate structure, and the shim combination (15) is four sets of the same specifications The backing iron of the CNC milling machine, the headstock backing plate (14) is fixed on the horizontal iron (1) through bolts and T-shaped nuts, and is pressed and installed on the backing iron of the CNC milling machine under the headstock backing plate (14) at the same time; The torque loading part is composed of a loading rod (12) assembled coaxially, an elastic diaphragm coupling (9) and a dynamometer (8). The loading rod (12) is a stepped shaft, and its big end is installed Clamped on the three-jaw chuck of the spindle box, the small end is keyed to one end of the elastic diaphragm coupling (9), and the output shaft of the dynamometer (8) is connected to the elastic diaphragm coupling (9) The other end is key-connected, the dynamometer (8) is installed on the mobile platform (7), the mobile platform (7) is fixed on the mobile platform base (6), and the moving direction of the mobile platform (7) is parallel to the axis direction of the machine tool spindle. The cross-section of the mobile platform base (6) is a T-shaped backing plate, which is fixed on the horizontal iron (1); The cutting force loading part adopts two loading methods: the cutting resultant force loading method and the cutting axial force and radial force separate loading method. The cutting force loading method is determined by the cutting force hydraulic loading device, the resultant bearing unit and the resultant bearing unit. It consists of a pre-tensioning device; the cutting axial force and radial force are separately loaded by a radial force loading device, an axial force loading device and a force component bearing unit. 2. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting force hydraulic loading device is composed of a hydraulic loading device, a No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg (2), a No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg (5) and a cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate (3), The support plate (3) of the cutting force hydraulic loading device is fixed on the legs (2) of the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device and the legs (5) of the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device. On the support plate (3) of the hydraulic loading device. 3. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic loading device consists of a slide plate (51), a cage (52), a joint bearing (53), a hydraulic cylinder (54), a servo valve (55), a displacement sensor bracket (57), an elastic device (58), a force sensor (59), stepped shaft (61) and loading rod (60), the cage (52) is installed on the slide plate (51) through bolts and T-nuts, the left end face of the hydraulic cylinder (54) and the joint of the left end The threaded end rod of the bearing (53) is threaded, the upper end surface of the hydraulic cylinder (54) is hinged on the lower end surface of the top plate in the cage (52) through a joint bearing, the displacement sensor bracket (57) is fixed on the front end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the displacement sensor The piston rod is fixedly connected with the right end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (54), the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (54) is threadedly connected with the elastic device (58) through its right end, and the elastic device (58) is connected with the force sensor (59) by a double-ended stud , the force sensor (59) is connected with the loading rod (60) through a stud, and the servo valve (55) is installed on the hydraulic cylinder (54); The slide plate (51) is a rectangular plate structure, the upper plane of the slide plate (51) is provided with two parallel T-shaped grooves, and the lower plane of the slide plate (51) is provided with the upper end of the stepped shaft (61). The step blind hole, the cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate (3) is provided with a central through hole that matches the lower end of the step shaft (61), the rotation axis of the step blind hole is in line with the upper and lower planes of the slide plate (51) Vertically, the slide plate (51) is fixedly connected with the support plate (3) of the cutting force hydraulic loading device by bolts. 4. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 3, characterized in that: Described hydraulic cylinder (54) selects single-piston rod or double-piston-rod hydraulic oil cylinder, and piston rod stretches out from the right end of hydraulic cylinder (54), and the left end surface of hydraulic cylinder (54) is connected with the joint bearing (53) of left end. One end rod of the thread is threaded, the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (54) is fixed to the displacement sensor support (57), and the upper end surface of the hydraulic cylinder (54) is hinged on the lower end surface of the top plate in the cage (52) through a joint bearing. The longitudinal axis of symmetry of the hydraulic cylinder (54) is in the longitudinal symmetry plane of the cage (52), and the cage (52) is fixed on the slide plate (51) by bolts and T-nuts, and the displacement sensor bracket (57) is in addition One end is provided with a through hole for fixing the inner core of the displacement sensor. When the piston rod moves, the inner core of the displacement sensor also moves, and the displacement sensor can measure the displacement of the piston rod. 5. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic device (58) is composed of two front and rear connection plates with the same structure and two sleeves between the two connection plates. The connection plate is provided with two through holes. 2 double-ended studs of the cylinder connect the connecting plate and the sleeve with nuts, and the elastic device (58) is used to absorb part of the excitation displacement and transmit force, and its natural frequency should be more than twice the excitation frequency. 6. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device outrigger (2) and the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device outrigger (5) are engine outrigger P06, with four U-shaped holes on the bottom, which are fixed to the ground level iron by bolts. (1); Around the central through hole of the supporting plate (3) of the cutting force hydraulic loading device, there are three ring-shaped through grooves with the same center and the same structure for installing bolts, and the supporting plate (3) of the cutting force hydraulic loading device is fixed on the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg (2) and No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device leg (5); the hydraulic loading device is fastened to the cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate (3) through bolts, 1 No. hydraulic loading device outrigger (2), No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device outrigger (5), cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate (3) should ensure that the hydraulic loading device is level, and ensure that the loading rod of the hydraulic loading device (60 ) is at the same height as the axis of the machine tool spindle (13), by adjusting the angle between the hydraulic loading device and the support plate (3) of the hydraulic loading device for cutting force to meet the requirement of loading and cutting resultant force. 7. the machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The Heli bearing unit consists of a left dustproof end cover (28), a Heli bearing unit housing (29), a cooling copper pipe (31), a bearing seat (33), a left bearing (30), a sleeve (32), Right side bearing (34), bearing end cover (35), right side dustproof end cover (36) and sealing ring (62) are formed, and described left side bearing (30), sleeve (32) and right side bearing ( 34) Interference fit with the loading rod (12), a transition fit with a small average gap or a small gap between the outer rings of the left bearing (30) and the right bearing (34) and the bearing seat (33) clearance fit, the bearing end cover (35) is tightly connected with the bearing seat (33) by screws, the cooling copper tube (31) is set on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing seat (33), and the Heli bearing unit shell (29) covers Cooling copper pipe (31), its left end is firmly connected with bearing seat (33) by screw, and left dust-proof end cover (28) and right side dust-proof end cover (36) are firmly connected with bearing unit shell by screw. 8. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and pre-tightening device of the Heli bearing unit is composed of a positioning frame device support frame (25), a positioning device fixing frame (26) and a bearing sleeve positioning frame (27), and the positioning frame support frame (25) is installed on the ground level iron ( 1), the upper end surface of the positioning frame support frame (25) is fastened to the lower end surface of the positioning frame fixing frame (26) through bolts, and the side surface of the positioning frame fixing frame (26) and the bearing sleeve positioning frame (27) pass through Adjustable bolt connection and adjustable installation position. 9. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial force loading device consists of a radial hydraulic loading device, a No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device leg (16), a No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device leg (19) and a radial hydraulic loading device support plate (17) Composition, the radial hydraulic loading device, the No. 1 radial hydraulic loading device outrigger (16), the No. 2 radial hydraulic loading device outrigger (19) and the radial hydraulic loading device support plate (17) are the same as the first type The hydraulic loading device in the cutting reasonable loading mode, the No. 1 cutting force hydraulic loading device outrigger (2), the No. 2 cutting force hydraulic loading device outrigger (5) and the cutting force hydraulic loading device support plate have the same structure. The outrigger (16) of the radial hydraulic loading device and the No. 2 outrigger (19) of the radial hydraulic loading device are fixed on the horizontal iron (1) by bolts and T-nuts, and are connected with the supporting plate (17 ) are fixedly connected by bolts; the radial hydraulic loading device is fixedly connected with the support plate (17) of the radial hydraulic loading device by bolts. 10. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial force applying device consists of a swing arm (40), a swing arm support frame (37), a column fixing frame (38), a swing arm fixing column (42), a column fixing frame cover plate (41) and a column cover (39 ), the swing arm support frame (37) is fixedly installed on the horizontal iron (1) through bolts and T-shaped nuts, and the column fixing frame cover plate (41) is fixed on the top of the column fixing frame (38), and the Column fixed frame (38) is fixed on the top of swing arm support frame (37), described swing arm fixed column (42) is connected with the hole interference fit on the column fixed frame cover plate (41), swing arm (40) and The swing arm fixed column (42) is connected with clearance fit. 11. The machine tool spindle reliability test bench loaded by electro-hydraulic servo and dynamometer mixed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component force bearing unit is composed of 4 bearings and the left and right end covers of the bearing. The left end cover (43) of the bearing sleeve and the right end cover (20) of the bearing sleeve are installed on the loading rods (12) at both ends of the bearing, and are connected with the bearing sleeve Shell (45) is screwed and fixedly connected, and described bearing comprises No. 1 bearing (46), No. 2 bearing (48), No. 3 bearing (10) and No. 4 bearing (18) that are contained on the loading bar (12), 1 No. 1 bearing outer spacer ring (47) is housed between No. bearing (46) and No. 2 bearing (48), and No. 2 bearing outer spacer ring (47) is housed between No. 3 bearing (10) and No. 4 bearing (18). 11), No. 1 metal seal ring (49), cylindrical bushing (50) and No. 2 metal seal ring (4) are sequentially installed between No. 2 bearing (48) and No. 3 bearing (10). The outer isolating ring (47) of the No. 2 bearing and the outer isolating ring (11) of the No. 2 bearing are circular rings with a trapezoidal cross-section. There are annular grooves on the surface of the outer cylinder, and there are a plurality of connecting annular grooves and two inclined planes on the circumference. Zigzag hole. the

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