CN110542550B - Electric spindle reliability loading test bed with load completely decoupled - Google Patents
Electric spindle reliability loading test bed with load completely decoupled Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment tests, and relates to an electric spindle reliability loading test bed with comprehensive load decoupling. The device comprises an electric spindle clamping module, a radial force amplitude loading module, a radial force average loading module, a cutting torque loading module, an axial force loading module and a loading unit module; the electric spindle clamping module, the radial force amplitude loading module, the radial force average loading module and the cutting torque loading module are respectively fixed above the ground level iron, one end of a simulation tool shank in the loading unit module is connected with a corrugated pipe coupler in the cutting torque loading module, and the other end of the simulation tool shank is connected with a spindle conical surface in a matched manner through a simulation real tool shank conical surface; the axial force loading module is connected with two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base in the cutting torque loading module through brackets at two ends; according to the invention, the electric vibration table and the electric cylinder are used for cooperatively loading to simulate the loaded state of the main shaft under the real working condition, and the flexible loading structure is used for realizing the complete decoupling of the load, so that the loading accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment tests, and particularly relates to an electric spindle reliability loading test bed with comprehensive load decoupling.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is used as an industrial master machine, is not only an important basic stone for the development of the machine manufacturing industry, but also an important index for measuring the industrialization of a country. The electric spindle is used as one of key functional components of the numerical control machine, and the reliability level of the electric spindle directly determines the reliability level of the whole machine. However, compared with foreign products, the reliability level of the electric spindle products designed and produced in China still has a great gap, so that the electric spindle reliability technology is researched and tested, and the electric spindle has great significance for improving the quality and performance of the domestic electric spindle.
The field reliability test period is long, the efficiency is low, the test conditions are uncontrollable, and the requirement of the reliability growth period cannot be met by simply relying on the field tracking test along with the rapid development of equipment manufacturing and the shortening of the product updating period. Therefore, the development of the reliability bench test capable of simulating the working condition of the on-site motorized spindle is particularly necessary in a laboratory environment. Most of the existing motorized spindle reliability test tables are single load simulation test tables, and the dynamic and static cutting forces and cutting torques of the motorized spindle under actual working conditions cannot be truly simulated; some of the test systems described in patent CN105527090a and CN205374030U can simulate the stress condition of an electric spindle under actual working conditions, but the radial and axial forces of the test systems adopt electrohydraulic servo loading systems, and the test systems are limited by loading frequency and can not achieve dynamic loading force of hundreds of hertz in high-speed cutting. Some devices such as CN203894048U use a piezoceramic loading mode, but because the loading displacement range is too small, it is difficult to accurately apply dynamic force. Most of the existing loading structures are mechanically rigid direct contact type loading, so that the problem of mechanical decoupling between axial force, radial force and torque is neglected, and the accuracy of the load actually applied to the spindle is greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a reliability loading test bed for an electric spindle with comprehensive load decoupling, which aims to solve the problem that the current electric spindle test device cannot accurately simulate the axial and radial cutting force and the cutting torque of the electric spindle in actual work. Meanwhile, the problems that the existing loading device is low in loading frequency, difficult to decouple in mixed load and high in cost are optimized and improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the electric spindle reliability loading test bed with the load completely decoupled is mainly composed of an electric spindle clamping module 1, a radial force amplitude loading module 2, a radial force average loading module 3, a cutting torque loading module 4, an axial force loading module 5 and a loading unit module 6.
The electric spindle clamping module 1, the radial force amplitude loading module 2, the radial force average loading module 3 and the cutting torque loading module 4 are respectively and fixedly connected above the horizon iron 7, a simulation tool shank 601 is arranged in the loading unit module 6, one end of the simulation tool shank 601 is connected with a bellows coupling 401 in the cutting torque loading module 4, the other end of the simulation tool shank is connected with a conical surface of the spindle 8 in a matched manner through a conical surface of a simulation real tool shank (BT or HSK), and the axial force loading module 5 is fixedly connected with two side surfaces of the front end of a dynamometer base 404 in the cutting torque loading module 4 through two-end supports.
The electric spindle clamping module 1 comprises a spindle supporting seat 101 and a spindle cooling water jacket 102. The main shaft supporting seat 101 is of an integrated structure and is formed by casting, is connected with the upper surface of the ground level iron through a U-shaped groove and a T-shaped screw at the bottom end, and four centering adjusting screws 9 are arranged at four corners of the bottom end to assist centering adjustment of the electric main shaft and the cutting torque loading module in the assembly process of the test bed; the main shaft 8 is tightly connected with the main shaft cooling water jacket 102 through a flange plate of the end face, and the main shaft cooling water jacket 102 is tightly connected with the main shaft supporting seat 101 through a flange plate structure of the end face.
The radial force amplitude loading module 2 comprises an electric vibration table 201, an amplitude sensor 202, a flexible loading rod 203 and a loading ball socket 204. The bottom of the electric vibration table 201 is fixedly connected with the horizontal iron 7; the amplitude sensor 202 is mounted on the electric vibration table surface; one end of a flexible loading rod 203 is in locking connection with the amplitude sensor 202 through a stacked gasket, the other end of the flexible loading rod is in positioning and fastening connection with the loading ball socket 204 through the shaft end, and the whole module realizes loading of radial force amplitude of the spindle.
The radial force average loading module 3 comprises an average electric cylinder 301, an average electric cylinder bracket 302, an average electric cylinder connecting sleeve 303, an S-shaped sensor 304, an average blind rivet 305 and a steel wire rope A306, wherein one end of the steel wire rope A306 passes through a round hole of a loaded blind rivet 612 on the side surface of the loading unit module 6, and the other end passes through the average blind rivet 305 to be connected with the S-shaped sensor 304; the mean value electric cylinder 301 is installed and fixed on the mean value electric cylinder bracket 302; the average electric cylinder bracket 302 is fixedly connected with the horizontal iron 7 through a T-shaped screw; the telescopic shaft end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected with the S-shaped sensor 304 through the mean electric cylinder connecting sleeve 303, and the whole radial force mean loading module realizes loading of the radial force mean of the main shaft.
The cutting torque loading module 4 comprises a corrugated pipe coupler 401, a dynamometer protective cover 402, a dynamometer 403 and a dynamometer base 404. The dynamometer 403 and the dynamometer protecting cover 402 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the dynamometer base 404; the dynamometer base 404 is fixed on the ground level iron 7; one end of the bellows coupler 401 is in locking connection with the shaft end of the dynamometer 403, the other end of the bellows coupler is in locking connection with the shaft end of the simulation tool shank 601 in the loading unit module 6, torque is transmitted through a flat key at two ends, and the whole cutting torque loading module realizes loading of the torque of the main shaft.
The axial force loading module 5 comprises an electric cylinder 501, an electric cylinder reducer 502, an electric cylinder support 503, an electric cylinder connecting sleeve 504, a push plate 505, an annular sensor 506, a connecting plate 507, a loading bracket 508, a guide post 509, a gland 510, a linear bearing 511, a loading fork 512, a steel pin 513 and a push wheel 514. The electric cylinder support 503 is fixedly arranged on the dynamometer base 404; the loading brackets 508 are arranged on two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base 404, play a role in supporting the whole axial force loading module, and four leveling screws 10 are respectively designed at two ends for assisting in leveling and neutral adjustment of the whole module in the assembly process; the two guide posts 509 are pressed by the gland 510 at the upper end and are positioned by the shaft end surfaces at the two sides to prevent movement; the guide posts 509 are respectively sleeved with a linear bearing 511, and the linear bearings 511 are respectively sleeved at two ends of the push plate 505 and are fixedly connected with the push plate 505 through bearing end face countersunk holes; the center end of the push plate 505 is provided with a large round hole to pass through the corrugated pipe coupler 401, so that the torque loading of the main shaft is facilitated; the front end of the push plate 505 is fixed with an annular sensor 506 through a flange, the front end holes of the upper loading fork 512 and the lower loading fork 512 penetrate through a steel pin 513 to mount a push wheel 514 in the fork, the part acts on steel wire ropes B615 at the front end and the rear end of the axial force loading fork under the driving of an electric cylinder, and the symmetrical loading of the upper loading fork and the lower loading fork solves the problem of unbalanced loading; the rear end of the loading fork 512 is positioned with the positioning hole of the connecting plate 507 in a shaft end positioning mode and is connected with the positioning hole through threads; the electric cylinder speed reducer 502 is installed on the electric cylinder 501; the electric cylinder is fixed on the electric cylinder support 503 and is in locking connection with a hole at the left upper end of the push plate 505 through an electric cylinder connecting sleeve 504, so that the push plate 505 is pushed and pulled, and finally, the push plate is indirectly transferred to the loading unit module 6, and the whole module realizes bidirectional constant value loading of the axial force pushing and pulling of the main shaft.
The loading unit module 6 comprises a simulation tool handle 601, a left end cover 602, a bearing sleeve 603, a left bearing 604, an axial force bearing lug 605, a bearing outer ring retainer ring 606, a right bearing 607, a bearing inner ring retainer ring 608, a right end cover 609, a round nut 610, a loading ball 611, a loading blind rivet 612, a hollow pre-tightening sleeve 613, a locking nut 614 and a steel wire rope B615; the simulation tool handle 601, the left bearing 604, the right bearing 607, the bearing inner ring retainer ring 608 and the bearing outer ring retainer ring 606 are sleeved in the bearing sleeve 603, the bearings are fixed through the matching of the shaft ends and the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearings, the bearings are finally preloaded by round nuts 610, the left end cover 602 and the right end cover 609 are respectively fixed at two ends of the bearing sleeve 603, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the bearing sleeve 603 are respectively provided with an axial force bearing lug 605, two side surfaces are respectively and tightly connected with a loaded ball head 611 and a loaded blind rivet 612, and the loading effect from the radial force amplitude loading module 2 and the radial force average loading module 3 is born, so that the comprehensive loading of the radial force of the main shaft is realized; the steel wire rope B615 passes through the hollow pre-tightening sleeve 613 to be fixed at the two ends of the axial force bearing lug 605 and is matched with the axial force loading module to realize bidirectional axial force loading of the main shaft tension and thrust.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. electric cooperation, comprehensive loading and high loading frequency. The electric vibrating table can apply high-frequency amplitude loading of 5-4000Hz to radial force of the main shaft, and radial average loading is realized by assisting an electric cylinder. The electric cylinder is still used as loading power in the axial force loading mode, and the three electric devices cooperate to realize high-frequency comprehensive simulation loading of radial and axial forces of the main shaft.
2. And (3) bidirectional loading and centering correction are carried out, so that unbalanced load is solved. The axial force loading device not only can realize bidirectional loading of the thrust and the tensile force of the main shaft, but also adopts a double-guide-column structure to correct the bias of the force application center from the loading center, so that the electric cylinder at the eccentric position transfers the acting force to the loading center position after the guide column is corrected, thereby realizing centering loading of the axial force of the main shaft to the greatest extent.
3. Flexible loading, complete decoupling and high loading accuracy. The improvement of mechanical decoupling and loading accuracy is embodied by adopting a large number of flexible loading modes and structures:
(1) Radial amplitude loading: a slender flexible loading rod is adopted to flexibly load the loading unit, and according to the force transmission principle and the ball joint and ball head contact characteristics, the diameters of the ball joint and the ball head at the contact end are not designed in a 1:1 mode, but in a 2:1 mode;
(2) Radial force average and axial force loading: the force application mechanism directly acts on the flexible steel wire rope, so that not only can the rigid impact be reduced, but also the loading accuracy is ensured to the greatest extent;
(3) Torque loading: the bellows coupling is adopted, so that the torque bearing requirement is guaranteed, the radial force counteracting effect is reduced, mechanical decoupling is realized by all three loading modes, and the influence of other devices on radial force loading is reduced.
4. And the structure is optimized, the positioning and the fine adjustment are performed, and the assembly precision is high. The loading bearing unit adopts a through hole type design for the bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is used for limiting the bearing, so that the processing precision is higher, the coaxiality is better, and the service life of the bearing is longer; in order to make the processing more accurate, the loading ball head, the loaded blind rivet and the bearing seat are separated, and the accuracy of assembly is ensured by adopting a shaft end positioning mode; positioning and fine-tuning structures are designed at a plurality of positions of the main shaft holding and clamping module and the axial force loading module so as to facilitate centering adjustment of the main shaft and the axial loading device in the assembly process, thereby enabling the test bed to meet the test, process requirements, processing, assembly and operation are facilitated, loading is accurate, and the device has very strong practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electric spindle reliability loading test bed with comprehensive load decoupling according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electric spindle clamping module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radial force amplitude loading module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a radial force average loading module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting torque loading module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a main cross-sectional view of a load cell module structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a left side cross-sectional view of a load cell module configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a load cell module configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a radial force integrated load and torque load assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of an axial force loading module and a cutting torque loading module according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an axial force loading module and loading unit module assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the axial, radial and torque loading process of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the reliability test steps of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electric spindle clamping module; 2. a radial force amplitude loading module; 3. a radial force average loading module; 4. a cutting torque loading module; 5. an axial force loading module; 6. loading a unit module; 101. a main shaft support seat; 7. a ground level iron; 8. a main shaft; 9. centering the adjusting screw; 10. leveling screws; 102. a main shaft cooling water jacket; 201. an electric vibration table; 202. an amplitude sensor; 203. a flexible loading rod; 204. loading the ball socket; 301. an average value electric cylinder; 302. mean value electric cylinder bracket; 303. the mean value electric cylinder connecting sleeve; 304. an S-shaped sensor; 305. average blind rivet; a306, a steel wire rope; 401. a bellows coupling; 402. a dynamometer protective cover; 403. a dynamometer; 404. a dynamometer base; 501. an electric cylinder; 502. an electric cylinder speed reducer; 503. an electric cylinder support; 504. an electric cylinder connecting sleeve; 505. a push plate; 506. an annular sensor; 507. a connecting plate; 508. loading a bracket; 509. a guide post; 510. a gland; 511. a linear bearing; 512. a loading fork; 513. a steel pin; 514. push wheel; 601. simulating a knife handle; 602. a left end cover; 603. a bearing sleeve; 604. a left bearing; 605. an axial force bearing lug; 606. a bearing outer ring retainer ring; 607. a right bearing; 608. a bearing inner ring retainer ring; 609. a right end cover; 610. a round nut; 611. load ball head; 612. a loaded blind rivet; 613. a hollow pre-tightening sleeve; 614. a lock nut; and B615, a steel wire rope.
A represents the radial amplitude force transmission direction;
b represents the rotation direction of the main shaft;
c represents the radial average force transfer direction;
d represents the torque loading direction of the main shaft;
e represents the axial tension and thrust transmission directions.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the invention is composed of an electric spindle clamping module 1, a radial force amplitude loading module 2, a radial force average loading module 3, a cutting torque loading module 4, an axial force loading module 5 and a loading unit module 6.
Referring to fig. 1, 8 and 9, the electric spindle clamping module 1 is fixedly connected above the horizon iron 7 through the spindle supporting seat 101, the radial force amplitude loading module 2 is through the electric vibration table 201, the radial force average loading module 3 is through the average electric cylinder bracket 302, the cutting torque loading module 4 is fixedly connected above the horizon iron 7 through the dynamometer base 404, the simulation tool holder 601 is arranged in the loading unit module 6, one end of the simulation tool holder 601 is in locking connection with the cutting torque loading module 4 through the bellows coupling 401, the other end of the simulation tool holder 601 is in matching connection with the spindle conical surface through the simulation real tool holder (BT or HSK) conical surface, and the axial force loading module 5 is in fastening connection with two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base 404 of the cutting torque loading module 4 through the loading bracket 508.
Referring to fig. 2, the electric spindle clamping module 1 includes a spindle supporting seat 101 and a spindle cooling water jacket 102.
The main shaft supporting seat 101 is connected with the upper surface of the horizontal iron 7 through a U-shaped groove and a T-shaped screw at the bottom end; the electric spindle is fixedly connected with the spindle cooling water jacket 102 through a flange plate of the end face, and the spindle cooling water jacket 102 is fixedly connected with the spindle supporting seat 101 through a flange plate structure of the end face.
Referring to fig. 3, the radial force amplitude loading module 2 includes an electrodynamic vibration table 201, an amplitude sensor 202, a flexible loading rod 203, and a loading ball socket 204.
The bottom of the electric vibration table 201 is fixedly connected with the horizontal iron 7, the amplitude sensor 202 is arranged on the table surface of the electric vibration table, one end of the flexible loading rod 203 is in locking connection with the amplitude sensor 202 through a stacked gasket, and the other end of the flexible loading rod is in positioning connection with the loading ball socket 204 through the shaft end.
Referring to fig. 4 and 8, the radial force average loading module 3 includes an average electric cylinder 301, an average electric cylinder bracket 302, an average electric cylinder connecting sleeve 303, an S-shaped sensor 304, an average blind rivet 305 and a steel wire rope a306.
One end of the steel wire rope A306 is connected with a loaded blind rivet 612 on the side surface of the loading unit module 6, and the other end of the steel wire rope A306 is fixedly connected with the S-shaped sensor 304 through a mean blind rivet 305; the mean value electric cylinder 301 is installed and fixed on the mean value electric cylinder bracket 302; the average electric cylinder bracket 302 is fixedly connected with the horizon iron through a T-shaped screw, and the telescopic shaft end of the electric cylinder is connected with the S-shaped sensor 304 through an average electric cylinder connecting sleeve 303.
Referring to fig. 5, 8 and 9, the cutting torque loading module 4 includes a bellows coupling 401, a dynamometer guard 402, a dynamometer 403 and a dynamometer base 404.
The dynamometer 403 and the dynamometer protecting cover 402 are installed and fixed on the dynamometer base 404, and the dynamometer base 404 is fixed on the ground level 7; one end of the bellows coupling 401 is connected with the shaft end of the dynamometer 403, and the other end is connected with the shaft end of the simulation tool handle 601 in the loading unit module 6.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the axial force loading module 5 includes an electric cylinder 501, an electric cylinder reducer 502, an electric cylinder support 503, an electric cylinder connecting sleeve 504, a push plate 505, an annular sensor 506, a connecting plate 507, a loading bracket 508, a guide post 509, a gland 510, a linear bearing 511, a loading fork 512, a steel pin 513, and a push wheel 514.
The loading bracket 508 is fixedly connected with two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base 404, the two guide posts 509 are compressed by adopting a gland 510 at the upper end and are positioned through end surfaces at two sides of the shaft end to prevent movement, the guide posts 509 are respectively sleeved with a linear bearing 511, and the linear bearings 511 are respectively sleeved at two ends of the push plate 505 and are fixedly connected through threads at the end surfaces; the front end of the push plate 505 is fixedly connected with the annular sensor 506 through a flange; the front end hole of the loading fork 512 passes through the steel pin 513 to mount the push wheel 514 in the fork; the rear end of the loading fork 512 is positioned with the positioning hole of the connecting plate 507 in a shaft end positioning mode and is connected with the positioning hole through threads; the electric cylinder reducer 502 is arranged on the electric cylinder 501, and the electric cylinder is fixed on the electric cylinder support 503 and is in locking connection with a hole at the left upper end of the push plate 505 through the electric cylinder connecting sleeve 504; the electric cylinder support 503 is fixedly arranged on the dynamometer base 404.
Referring to fig. 6a, 6B, 7, 8 and 10, the loading unit module 6 includes a simulation tool shank 601, a left end cap 602, a bearing sleeve 603, a left bearing 604, an axial force bearing lug 605, a bearing outer ring retainer ring 606, a right bearing 607, a bearing inner ring retainer ring 608, a right end cap 609, a round nut 610, a loading ball 611, a loading blind rivet 612, a hollow pre-tightening sleeve 613, a locking nut 614 and a steel wire rope B615.
The simulation tool handle 601, the left bearing 604, the right bearing 607, the bearing inner ring retainer ring 608 and the bearing outer ring retainer ring 606 are sleeved in the bearing sleeve 603, the bearings are fixed through the matching of the shaft ends and the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, the bearings are finally pre-tightened through the bidirectional round nuts 610, the left end cover 602 and the right end cover 609 are respectively fixed at the two ends of the bearing sleeve 603, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the bearing sleeve 603 are respectively provided with an axial force bearing lug 605, and the two side surfaces are respectively and tightly connected with the loaded ball head 611 and the loaded blind rivet 612; the steel wire rope B615 passes through the hollow pre-tightening sleeve 613 to be fixed at two ends of the axial force bearing lug 605 and is matched with the upper pushing wheel 514 and the lower pushing wheel 514 of the axial force loading module 5.
The loading process comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 11, when the spindle rotates in direction B, the dynamometer 403 provides a reverse torque D to the spindle through the bellows coupling 401, so as to realize torque loading on the electric spindle; under the action of a control system, the average electric cylinder 301 pulls the steel wire rope A306 to load the radial average force loading C of the loading unit module 6 through the loaded blind rivet 612, meanwhile, the electric vibration table 201 starts vibrating according to the set frequency, the loading ball socket 204 on the flexible loading rod 203 acts on the loaded ball head 611 to realize the radial amplitude force loading A, and the comprehensive dynamic loading of the radial force of the main shaft is realized through the comprehensive synergistic effect of the two; as shown in E, in the loading process of the bidirectional axial force, when the electric cylinder 501 pushes the push plate 505 to move downwards, the push plate transmits the force to the push wheel through the connecting plate 507 and the loading fork 512, so that the push wheel acts on the steel wire rope B615 at the lower end of the loading unit module 6, and the action of pushing the main shaft is realized; similarly, when the electric cylinder 501 pulls the push plate 505 upward, a pulling force is applied to the spindle.
Test principle: referring to FIG. 12, the loading method of the present invention is based on loading a load spectrum, which is obtained by actual measurement and simulation calculation in advance, and which is obtained by rotating the spindle at a rotational speed n i Radial force amplitude load spectrum Ra i Radial force mean load spectrum Rm i Axial force load spectrum A i And a torque load spectrum T i Test time t corresponding to it i Integrated together, for example: the main shaft starts with n 1 At which the actual radial force applied by the spindle at the rotational speed has an amplitude of Ra 1 The radial force average value is Rm 1 The axial force is A 1 Torque is T 1 The part of the comprehensive loading process passes through t 1 Changing the rotation speed after a period of time, starting the next period of time t 2 Corresponding n 2 、Ra 2 、Rm 2 、A 2 And T 2 And so on.
The test process comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 12, when the test starts, a load spectrum program is started first, and a load command of a load spectrum controls a radial force amplitude loading module 2, a radial force average loading module 3, a cutting torque loading module 4 and an axial force loading module 5 to work simultaneously through a load control system, so that three acting forces are applied to a loading unit module 6 together, and the loaded state of a main shaft under the actual working condition is indirectly simulated. In the process, the force sensor, the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor and the current and voltage sensors can monitor various state characteristics of the acquisition main shaft in real time and feed back and store the state characteristics into the data acquisition and monitoring system, and the force sensor can feed back loading conditions of force to the loading control system in real time, so that the loading control system regulates loading of force in real time, and the whole loading period is more accurate.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an electric spindle reliability loading test bench of comprehensive decoupling of load which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises an electric spindle clamping module (1), a radial force amplitude loading module (2), a radial force average loading module (3), a cutting torque loading module (4), an axial force loading module (5) and a loading unit module (6);
the motorized spindle clamping module (1), the radial force amplitude loading module (2), the radial force average loading module (3) and the cutting torque loading module (4) are respectively and fixedly connected above the ground level iron; a simulated tool shank (601) is arranged in the loading unit module (6), one end of the simulated tool shank (601) is connected with a corrugated pipe coupler (401) in the cutting torque loading module (4), and the other end of the simulated tool shank is connected with the conical surface of the main shaft in a matched manner through a simulated real tool shank conical surface; the axial force loading module (5) is fixedly connected with two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base (404) in the cutting torque loading module (4) through brackets at two ends;
the axial force loading module (5) comprises an electric cylinder (501), an electric cylinder speed reducer (502), an electric cylinder support (503), an electric cylinder connecting sleeve (504), a push plate (505), an annular sensor (506), a connecting plate (507), a loading bracket (508), a guide column (509), a gland (510), a linear bearing (511), a loading fork (512), a steel pin (513) and a push wheel (514); the electric cylinder support (503) is arranged and fixed on the dynamometer base (404); the loading brackets (508) are arranged on two side surfaces of the front end of the dynamometer base (404); the two guide posts (509) are pressed by a gland (510) at the upper end, and are positioned by the shaft end surfaces at the two sides to prevent movement; the guide posts (509) are respectively sleeved with a linear bearing (511), and the linear bearings (511) are respectively sleeved at two ends of the push plate (505) and are fixedly connected with the push plate (505) through bearing end face countersunk holes; a large round hole is formed at the center end of the push plate (505) so as to penetrate through the corrugated pipe coupler (401); the front end of the push plate (505) is fixed with an annular sensor (506) through a flange, and the front end holes of the upper loading fork (512) and the lower loading fork (512) penetrate through a steel pin (513) to install the push wheel (514) in the fork; the rear end of the loading fork (512) is positioned with a positioning hole of the connecting plate (507) in a shaft end positioning mode and is connected with the positioning hole through threads; the electric cylinder speed reducer (502) is arranged on the electric cylinder (501); the electric cylinder is fixed on the electric cylinder support (503) and is in locking connection with a hole at the left upper end of the push plate (505) through an electric cylinder connecting sleeve (504), so that the pushing force and the pulling force of the push plate (505) are acted, and finally, the pushing force and the pulling force are indirectly transmitted to the loading unit module (6), and the whole module realizes the bidirectional constant value loading of the axial force pushing force and the pulling force of the main shaft;
the loading unit module (6) comprises a simulation cutter handle (601), a left end cover (602), a bearing sleeve (603), a left bearing (604), an axial force bearing lug (605), a bearing outer ring retainer ring (606), a right bearing (607), a bearing inner ring retainer ring (608), a right end cover (609), a round nut (610), a loaded ball head (611), a loaded blind rivet (612), a hollow pre-tightening sleeve (613), a lock nut (614) and a steel wire rope B (615); the simulation tool handle (601), the left bearing (604), the right bearing (607), the bearing inner ring retainer ring (608) and the bearing outer ring retainer ring (606) are sleeved in the bearing sleeve (603), the bearings are fixed through the matching of the shaft ends and the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring, the bearings are finally preloaded by round nuts (610), the left end cover (602) and the right end cover (609) are respectively fixed at the two ends of the bearing sleeve (603), the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the bearing sleeve (603) are respectively provided with axial force bearing lugs (605), the two side surfaces are respectively and tightly connected with a loaded ball head (611) and a loaded blind rivet (612), and bear the loading effect from a radial force amplitude loading module (2) and a radial force average loading module (3), so that the comprehensive loading of the radial force of the main shaft is realized; the steel wire rope B (615) passes through the hollow pre-tightening sleeve (613) to be fixed at the two ends of the axial force bearing lug (605) and is matched with the axial force loading module to realize bidirectional axial force loading of the main shaft tension and thrust.
2. The motorized spindle reliability loading test stand with comprehensive load decoupling according to claim 1, wherein:
the electric spindle clamping module (1) comprises a spindle supporting seat (101) and a spindle cooling water jacket (102); the main shaft supporting seat (101) is of an integrated structure and is formed by casting, is connected with the upper surface of the ground level iron through a U-shaped groove and a T-shaped screw at the bottom end, and four adjusting screws are arranged at four corners of the bottom end to assist in centering adjustment of the electric main shaft and the cutting torque loading module in the assembly process of the test bed; the main shaft (8) is fixedly connected with the main shaft cooling water jacket (102) through a flange plate at the end face, and the main shaft cooling water jacket (102) is fixedly connected with the main shaft supporting seat (101) through a flange plate structure at the end face.
3. The motorized spindle reliability loading test stand with comprehensive load decoupling according to claim 1, wherein:
the radial force amplitude loading module (2) comprises an electric vibration table (201), an amplitude sensor (202), a flexible loading rod (203) and a loading ball socket (204); the bottom of the electric vibration table (201) is fixedly connected with the horizon iron; the amplitude sensor (202) is arranged on the table surface of the electric vibration table; one end of the flexible loading rod (203) is in locking connection with the amplitude sensor (202) through a stacking gasket, the other end of the flexible loading rod is in positioning and fastening connection with the loading ball socket (204) through the shaft end, and the whole module realizes loading of the radial force amplitude of the main shaft.
4. The motorized spindle reliability loading test stand with comprehensive load decoupling according to claim 1, wherein:
the radial force average loading module (3) comprises an average electric cylinder (301), an average electric cylinder bracket (302), an average electric cylinder connecting sleeve (303), an S-shaped sensor (304), an average blind rivet (305) and a steel wire rope A (306); one end of the steel wire rope A (306) passes through a round hole of a loaded blind rivet (612) on the side surface of the loading unit module (6), and the other end of the steel wire rope A passes through the average blind rivet (305) to be connected with the S-shaped sensor (304); the average electric cylinder (301) is arranged and fixed on the average electric cylinder bracket (302); the average electric cylinder bracket (302) is fixedly connected with the horizon iron through a T-shaped screw; the telescopic shaft end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected with an S-shaped sensor (304) through a mean electric cylinder connecting sleeve (303), and the whole radial force mean loading module realizes loading of a radial force mean of a main shaft.
5. The motorized spindle reliability loading test stand with comprehensive load decoupling according to claim 1, wherein:
the cutting torque loading module (4) further comprises a dynamometer protective cover (402) and a dynamometer (403); the dynamometer (403) and the dynamometer protection cover (402) are arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the dynamometer base (404); the dynamometer base (404) is fixed on the ground level iron; one end of the bellows coupling (401) is in locking connection with the shaft end of the dynamometer (403), the other end of the bellows coupling is in locking connection with the shaft end of the simulation tool shank (601) in the loading unit module (6), torque is transmitted through a flat key at two ends of the bellows coupling, and the whole cutting torque loading module is used for loading the torque of the main shaft.
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| CN111189635B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2024-06-18 | 吉林大学 | Electric spindle rotor reliability test bed for total static pressure loading comprehensive physical field test |
| CN111397891B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2023-05-05 | 吉林大学 | Non-contact full-working-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test device |
| CN112129531B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽巨一科技股份有限公司 | Bipolar telescopic loading docking mechanism |
| CN113092105B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-05-24 | 吉林大学 | Hybrid loading device of high-speed electric spindle and hybrid loading test bed of electric spindle |
| CN113155451B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 吉林大学 | Portable numerical control lathe main shaft test device |
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