CN111394822A - 一种荧光纤维及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种荧光纤维及其制造方法,属于纺丝制造领域。本发明使用熔融纺丝工艺制造荧光纤维:首先将荧光物质与纺丝油剂混合配制成油剂混合液,在熔融纺丝过程中,聚合物熔体经喷丝板挤出后被拉伸成纤维时,将油剂混合液通过纺丝上油的方式涂覆在纤维表面,然后卷取成型得到荧光纤维,荧光纤维的总纤度为900‑3300dtex,纤维强度不小于7.0cN/dtex,纤维含油率为0.3%‑0.9%,所述纤维是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、尼龙66或者尼龙6。本发明的制备方法不需要对卷取成型后的纤维再进行染色等加工处理工序,一步法制造出荧光纤维,该荧光纤维在紫外光照射或者荧光照射下呈现特定发光效应,可以为后道工序起到标示区分作用,同时还可以检查纺丝油剂在纤维上的均匀性和连续性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺丝技术领域,具体涉及一种荧光纤维及其制造方法。
背景技术
荧光纤维在特定光线(如紫外线)照射下,会显现特定的颜色,多用在安全领域、标示领域、防伪领域,起到装饰、警示或者防伪区分作用。
荧光纤维的制造方法大致分为两大类:一类是荧光物质均匀地分布在纤维基体中。大部分是先制作荧光母粒或者荧光原液,而后与聚合物树脂或溶液一起经过纺丝工艺制造成纤维。优点是通过此法制得的纤维,色彩均匀持久。缺点是由于纤维本体中含有一定量的异物质(即荧光物质)会对纤维本体的物理特性造成一定影响。特别针对熔融纺丝过程,还需要荧光物质和聚合物树脂一同经历高温熔化,因此也限制了一些不耐温的荧光物质的使用。另一类制造方法是荧光物质分布在纤维基体表面,主要有染色法、表面涂覆法等。主要优点是由于荧光物质不进入纤维本体中对纤维物理特性影响较小,选择荧光物质不受高温限制,缺点是需要将已经制造好的纤维,再经过一个加工处理工序进行处理,处理时需要专有设备,一定的温度和化学试剂等,制造工序较复杂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术的不足,提供了一种荧光纤维及其制造方法。本发明使用熔融纺丝工艺制造荧光纤维,将荧光物质与纺丝油剂混合配成油剂混合液,在树脂熔体拉伸成纤维过程时,将油剂混合液涂覆在纤维表面,最后卷取成型,一步法制造出荧光纤维,工序简单,高低温荧光物质种类都可用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种荧光纤维,所述荧光纤维具有荧光发光特性,其荧光发光特性来自纤维表面的油剂,所述荧光纤维的总纤度为900-3300dtex,纤维强度不小于7.0cN/dtex,纤维含油率为0.3%-0.9%。
进一步地,所述纤维是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、尼龙66或者尼龙6。
进一步地,所述荧光纤维的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)油剂混合液的配制:将荧光物质与纺丝油剂按重量比例2%-10%进行溶解混合,形成油剂混合液,油剂混合液的布氏粘度为50-90mPa·s;
(2)熔融纺丝:树脂在熔融纺丝工艺过程中,当树脂熔体从喷丝板挤出后,被拉伸成纤维时,将制备的油剂混合液通过纺丝上油的方式涂覆在纤维表面,最后纤维卷取成型。
进一步地,所述油剂混合液配制时,荧光物质与纺丝油剂在20-30℃下进行混合,并持续搅拌30min以上直至混合液均匀化。
进一步地,所述油剂混合液配制时向油剂混合液中添加防腐剂、分散剂或去离子水中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述油剂混合液涂覆在纤维表面时,纺丝上油方式为油嘴上油或油轮上油。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明使用熔融纺丝工艺制造荧光纤维:首先将荧光物质与纺丝油剂混合配制成油剂混合液,在熔融纺丝过程中,聚合物熔体经喷丝板挤出后被拉伸成纤维的过程时,将油剂混合液通过纺丝上油的方式涂在纤维表面,然后卷取成型得到荧光纤维,本发明制得的荧光纤维,其荧光物质分布在基体表面,采用熔融纺丝的工艺方法,将荧光物质与纺丝油剂混合后,一步法成型制造纤维。该法不需要对制造好的纤维再进行染色等加工处理工序来获得荧光特性,工序简单,且保持了基体原有的物理特性,制得的荧光纤维在紫外光照射或者荧光照射下呈现特定发光效应,可以为后道工序起到标示区分作用,同时还可以检查纺丝油剂在纤维上的均匀性和连续性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种荧光纤维的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)油剂混合液的配制
在环境温度为25℃下,向烧杯中加入1000g纺丝油剂(TERON E-6557,MatsumotoYushi-Seiyaku Co.,Ltd),开启搅拌并向烧杯中加入荧光物质100g(TP3400dye-lite all-in-one,TRACERLINE PRODUCTS),持续搅拌30min后,加入防腐剂(OM35,日本帕玛化学)0.5g,再搅拌30min后静止至均匀、澄清、透明,测得油剂混合液布氏粘度60mPa·s。
(2)熔融纺丝流程为:干燥后的高粘度聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯切片,经过螺杆305℃下熔融制成聚酯熔体;熔体经计量泵进入纺丝机的纺丝组件,从组件喷丝板挤出;再经侧吹风冷却(风速:0.5m/s,风温:18℃);在丝表面上油,油轮转速28rpm;牵伸卷绕,纺丝速度3650m/min;热牵伸成型;在丝表面上油,油轮转速28rpm;最后卷取成型,得到2260dtex聚酯工业丝。
(3)采用紫外灯照射,视觉鉴定油剂在纤维上分布均一性。
(4)纤维纤度、强度测试按照GBT 16604(涤纶工业长丝),纤维含油率的测定按照GBT 6504(化学纤维含油率试验方法)。
实施例2-3
改变荧光物质与纺丝油剂的质量配比,具体见表1,根据生产实际情况,按照产品设计及纺丝工艺要求,进行纤维上油,其余条件与实施例1相同。
对比例1
改变荧光物质与纺丝油剂的质量配比,荧光物质与纺丝油剂的质量配比1/100,具体见表1,根据生产实际情况,按照产品设计及纺丝工艺要求,进行纤维上油,其余条件与实施例1相同。
对比例2
本例的纺丝油剂中不混入荧光物质,其余条件与实施例1完全相同,根据生产实际情况,按照产品设计及纺丝工艺要求,进行纤维上油。
检测实施例1-3与对比例1-2制得的纤维的物理特性与显色效果,具体见表1:
表1实施例1-3和对比例1-2中纤维的物理特性与显色效果比较
表1中实施例1-3中荧光物质加入到纺丝油剂中混合,混合比例按照2/100-10/100进行,从纤维上能看到良好的荧光效果,而对比例1将荧光物质的比例降低到1/100,纤维的荧光效果不明显。荧光物质发光是客观存在的,但是需要具有一定的量才可以在宏观上被人们所看到,对于纤维这种纤细的材料,量太小难以被人观测,量太大又难以随油剂依附在纤维上。从表中可知荧光物质需要大于176ppm以上,在宏观上才可以被人明显的观测到。表1中,实施例1-3的荧光纤维与对比例1的荧光纤维及对比例2的纤维强度没有明显差异,说明该荧光纤维保持了纤维基体的物理特性。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种荧光纤维,其特征在于,所述荧光纤维具有荧光发光特性,其荧光发光特性来自纤维表面的油剂,所述荧光纤维的总纤度为900-3300dtex,纤维强度不小于7.0cN/dtex,纤维含油率为0.3%-0.9%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的荧光纤维,其特征在于,所述纤维是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、尼龙66或者尼龙6。
3.权利要求1或2中所述荧光纤维的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)油剂混合液的配制:将荧光物质与纺丝油剂按重量比例2%-10%进行溶解混合,形成油剂混合液,油剂混合液的布氏粘度为50 - 90 mPa·s;
(2)熔融纺丝:树脂在熔融纺丝工艺过程中,当树脂熔体从喷丝板挤出后,被拉伸成纤维时,将制备的油剂混合液通过纺丝上油的方式涂覆在纤维表面,最后纤维卷取成型。
4.根据权利要求1所述的荧光纤维的制造方法,其特征在于,所述油剂混合液配制时,荧光物质与纺丝油剂在20-30℃下进行混合,并持续搅拌30min以上直至混合液均匀化。
5.根据权利要求1所述的荧光纤维的制造方法,其特征在于,所述油剂混合液配制时向油剂混合液中添加防腐剂、分散剂或去离子水中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的荧光纤维的制造方法,其特征在于,所述油剂混合液涂覆在纤维表面时,纺丝上油方式为油嘴上油或油轮上油。
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CN115491792A (zh) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-20 | 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司 | 一种光固化型纺丝油剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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