CN111393188A - Antibacterial glaze for ceramic sanitary ware, ceramic sanitary ware and preparation method of antibacterial glaze - Google Patents
Antibacterial glaze for ceramic sanitary ware, ceramic sanitary ware and preparation method of antibacterial glaze Download PDFInfo
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
- C03C2204/02—Antibacterial glass, glaze or enamel
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antibacterial glaze for ceramic sanitary ware, the ceramic sanitary ware and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, only the antibacterial agent is added into the overglaze, so that the surface of the ceramic has an antibacterial function, a good antibacterial effect can be achieved, the use of the antibacterial agent can be reduced, and the production cost of the ceramic sanitary appliance with the antibacterial function is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic sanitary wares, in particular to an antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary wares, the ceramic sanitary wares and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the competition of ceramic sanitary wares is intensified day by day, in order to continuously expand the market coverage, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the functional and technical content of the product is more emphasized, and the added value of the product is greatly improved by the performances, so that the competitiveness of the product is strengthened. At present, with the improvement of living standard of people, people also put forward higher requirements on the living environment, and how to prevent pathogenic bacteria from invading human bodies is urgent. As ceramic sanitary ware generally applied to people in life, dead corners of pollution and bacterial breeding always exist, especially in places such as a toilet and the like, bacteria are easy to breed, fine pinholes which cannot be seen by naked eyes exist on the surface of the ceramic sanitary ware, the ceramic sanitary ware is long in service time, bacteria are easy to accumulate, breed and even infect, and the health of a human body is seriously affected. The traditional ceramic sanitary ware prepared by directly adding an organic antibacterial agent and an inorganic antibacterial agent to endow ceramic glaze with an antibacterial function has the advantage that the production cost of the ceramic sanitary ware with the antibacterial function is high due to the high price of the antibacterial agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antibacterial glaze for ceramic sanitary ware, the ceramic sanitary ware and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware comprises a ground glaze and a cover glaze, wherein the ground glaze comprises a glaze material, the cover glaze comprises a glaze material and an antibacterial agent, and the cover glaze and the ground glaze are the same in glaze material.
Preferably, the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 23.70 to 29.70 percent of common quartz powder, 14.20 to 18.20 percent of potassium feldspar, 6.60 to 8.60 percent of albite, 11.40 to 13.40 percent of wollastonite, 8.0 to 10.0 percent of calcium carbonate, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of dolomite, 2.30 to 3.30 percent of spodumene, 1.90 to 2.90 percent of calcined alumina powder, 3.80 to 5.80 percent of kaolin, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of calcined zinc oxide, 1.40 to 2.40 percent of 809 clinker and 10.0 to 11.0 percent of zirconium silicate ultrafine powder, wherein the particle size of the zirconium silicate ultrafine powder is less than or equal to 1.0 mu m.
Preferably, the antibacterial agent is a nano-silver antibacterial agent, and the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 0.03-0.05% of the raw material of the overglaze in percentage by mass.
Preferably, the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 μm in the ground coat is 65-70% by mass percent; in the overglaze, the content of particles with the diameter less than 10 μm is 85-90%.
Preferably, the high-temperature melting length of the ground glaze is 55-65 mm, and the high-temperature melting length of the overglaze is 70-80 mm.
The antibacterial ceramic sanitary appliance comprises a blank layer and an antibacterial glaze layer positioned on the surface of the blank layer, wherein the antibacterial glaze layer is formed by sintering the antibacterial glaze.
A method of making an antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture, comprising the steps of:
step 1, manufacturing a blank of the ceramic sanitary appliance;
step 2, preparing glaze slip of ground coat: adding all the ground glaze raw materials into a ball mill, adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, and then grinding for 12-13 h to prepare ground glaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the ground glaze slurry is 65-70%;
step 3, preparing glaze slip of overglaze: adding all the raw materials of the overglaze into a ball mill, and then adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, wherein the raw materials of the overglaze are the same as the raw materials of the ground glaze, and 0.03-0.05% of an antibacterial agent is added into the raw materials of the overglaze according to mass percent; then grinding for 19-20 h to prepare an overglaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the overglaze slurry is 85-90 percent;
step 4, spreading the ground glaze slurry on the surface of the blank, and then spreading the overglaze slurry on the blank with the ground glaze slurry, wherein the overglaze slurry is positioned on the ground glaze slurry;
and 5, drying the blank body applied with the slurry, and then putting the blank body into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 4, the ground glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the blank body by spraying; the overglaze slurry is distributed on the surface of the green body with the base glaze slurry in a spraying mode.
Preferably, the step 4 includes a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station which are sequentially performed, wherein the first station, the second station and the third station spray the ground glaze slurry on the green body, and the fourth station spray the surface of the green body with the ground glaze slurry.
Preferably, the thickness of the ground glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body is 0.55-0.60 mm; the thickness of the surface glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body with the ground glaze slurry is 0.15-0.20 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, only the antibacterial agent is added into the overglaze, so that the surface of the ceramic has an antibacterial function, a good antibacterial effect can be achieved, and the use of the antibacterial agent can be reduced, thereby reducing the production cost of the ceramic sanitary appliance with the antibacterial function; in addition, the glaze materials adopted by the ground glaze and the overglaze are completely the same, the ground glaze and the overglaze do not have the problems of unmatched expansion coefficients and mature temperatures, and the ground glaze and the overglaze can be fired at a high temperature with the blank body once after the surface of the blank body is glazed, so that the ceramic tile has better wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance and rapid cooling and heating resistance, the firing colors of the overglaze and the ground glaze are the same, and the problem of local color difference caused by white spots does not occur after firing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for measuring melt length.
Detailed Description
The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware comprises a ground glaze and a cover glaze, wherein the ground glaze comprises a glaze material, the cover glaze comprises a glaze material and an antibacterial agent, and the cover glaze and the ground glaze are the same in glaze material.
According to the invention, the antibacterial glaze is divided into the ground glaze and the cover glaze, when the glaze is applied to the body of the ceramic sanitary appliance, the ground glaze is firstly applied to the surface of the body, and then the cover glaze added with the antibacterial agent is applied to the surface of the body with the ground glaze, so that after firing is finished, the surface of the ceramic sanitary appliance has an antibacterial effect; when the ceramic sanitary ware is used, only the surface of the outermost layer is in contact with the outside, namely only the overglaze applied to the outermost layer is in contact with the outside, but the ground glaze is not in contact with the outside, so that the antibacterial agent is only added into the overglaze, the surface of the ceramic has an antibacterial function, a good antibacterial effect can be achieved, and the use of the antibacterial agent can be reduced; therefore, the invention reduces the production cost of the ceramic sanitary appliance with the antibacterial function by reducing the use of the antibacterial agent on the premise of ensuring the antibacterial function of the ceramic sanitary appliance.
The traditional ceramic sanitary ware usually adopts a ground glaze and a surface glaze with different formulas, which aims to improve the flatness and the glossiness of the glaze and ensure that the glaze is highly smooth, and the traditional surface glaze reduces the firing temperature of the formula to ensure that the glaze achieves a better melting effect at a high-temperature stage, thereby obtaining a smooth and bright glaze. The formula is different because the sintering temperature of the traditional ground glaze and the surface glaze is different. The basic formulas of the glaze materials adopted by the ground glaze and the overglaze of the invention are completely the same, and the difference is that the overglaze adds the antibacterial agent on the basis of the glaze materials, and the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is usually less, so that the overall performance of the glaze materials is not greatly influenced, therefore, the chemical compositions of the ground glaze and the overglaze are basically consistent with the expansion coefficient, the ground glaze and the overglaze do not have the problem of unmatched expansion coefficient and mature temperature, and after the surface of the blank body is glazed, the blank body can be fired at high temperature, so that the blank body has better wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and rapid cooling and heating resistance; moreover, most of the antibacterial overglaze of the sanitary ceramic manufacturers at present is transparent glaze, and the firing colors of the glaze are certainly different due to the difference between the basic formula of the overglaze and the ground glaze; moreover, the overglaze adopts transparent glaze, so that the defects of small pinholes or small brown holes appear on the under glaze after the ceramic sanitary ware is fired, and white spots are formed at the defects, so that the appearance quality of the product is influenced, and the product is degraded; the glaze material adopted by the overglaze and the ground glaze is the same, the only different place of the overglaze and the ground glaze is that the overglaze is added with the antibacterial agent, the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is small, and the influence on the performance of the glaze slip and the firing performance can be basically ignored, so that the firing colors of the overglaze and the ground glaze are the same, and the problem of local color difference caused by white spots can not occur after firing.
Further, the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 23.70 to 29.70 percent of common quartz powder, 14.20 to 18.20 percent of potassium feldspar, 6.60 to 8.60 percent of albite, 11.40 to 13.40 percent of wollastonite, 8.0 to 10.0 percent of calcium carbonate, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of dolomite, 2.30 to 3.30 percent of spodumene, 1.90 to 2.90 percent of calcined alumina powder, 3.80 to 5.80 percent of kaolin, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of calcined zinc oxide, 1.40 to 2.40 percent of 809 clinker and 10.0 to 11.0 percent of zirconium silicate ultrafine powder, wherein the particle size of the zirconium silicate ultrafine powder is less than or equal to 1.0 mu m. Wherein, the 809 fusion cake comprises SiO in percentage by mass263.85%、AL2O312.45%、Fe2O30.08%、TiO20.03%、CaO8.01%、MgO1.48%、K2O2.92%、Na2O1.25%, ZnO7.85%, BaO1.02% and SrO1.05%.
Further, the antibacterial agent is a nano-silver antibacterial agent, and the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 0.03-0.05% by mass of the raw material of the overglaze.
The nano silver antibacterial agent has high-efficiency, broad-spectrum and durable antibacterial property, and Ag+Can directly act with bacteria because of Ag+It can destroy the activity of active enzyme in bacterial cell membrane or cell plasma at very low concentration, damage the three-dimensional structure (denaturation), and produce dysfunction in short time, so that Ag+The antibacterial agent is toxic to microorganisms (bacteria, mould and virus broadly comprise algae and protozoa), can strongly attract enzyme protein in bacteria, can be rapidly combined, can make enzyme taking the enzyme protein as an essential group lose activity, and can cause the bacteria to die, and when the bacteria are killed, Ag + is dissociated and contacts with other bacterial colonies to play a new round of antibacterial action. The antibacterial glaze obtains antibacterial performance by adding an antibacterial agent into glaze of the overglaze, the overglaze cloth with the antibacterial performance is applied to the surface of a blank body with the underglaze, the antibacterial agent is solidified in the antibacterial glaze after being fired at high temperature, and when microorganisms such as bacteria contact with the surface of the ceramic sanitary appliance, silver ions are released by the nano-silver antibacterial agent in the antibacterial glaze to kill the microorganisms such as the bacteria. Because the antibacterial agent needs a certain concentration to have better antibacterial effectIf the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is less than 0.03%, the ceramic sanitary appliance coated with the antibacterial glaze is difficult to achieve a high sterilization rate, and the sterilization effect is poor; when the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is more than 0.05%, the sterilizing effect can meet daily requirements, and if the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is continuously increased, the cost of the product is greatly increased.
Further, according to the mass percentage, the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 μm in the ground coat is 65-70%; in the overglaze, the content of particles with the diameter less than 10 μm is 85-90%.
By limiting the content of particles below 10 mu m in the ground coat, the ground coat has good adhesion capability after being sprayed on the surface of a blank body, the drying shrinkage is small, the problem of cracking of the dried glaze blank is avoided, and the defect of shrinkage of the ready-made porcelain is avoided; for the overglaze, the higher the content of particles below 10 mu m is, the finer the particles in the overglaze slurry is, the larger the specific surface area of the particles is, the reaction surface is enlarged, and the particles are easy to melt; when the glaze is fired, the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze is reduced, the high-temperature fluidity is improved, the melting length is prolonged, the smoothness of the glaze surface is greatly improved, the specular reflection capability is improved, and the glossiness of the glaze surface can be improved. Certainly, when the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 microns in the overglaze is higher, the drying shrinkage is increased, if the overglaze is in direct contact with a blank body, the glaze blank is easy to crack, and the glaze shrinkage defect is easy to appear during firing.
Further, the high-temperature melting length of the ground glaze is 55-65 mm, and the high-temperature melting length of the overglaze is 70-80 mm.
The high-temperature melting length is measured as follows:
1. sample preparation: pouring the glaze slurry to be tested into a special mould, grouting the glaze slurry into a cylindrical test strip with the diameter of about 1.5 cm, cutting a small section (about 1.5 cm) after the test strip is formed, and putting the test strip into an oven for drying. And polishing the dried test strip on the upper surface and the lower surface to obtain a cylindrical glaze column with the mass of 4 g. After being polished, the glaze column is stuck by CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose) solution and is placed on a special slope square brick (the oblique angle of two sides is 30 degrees) for high-temperature melting, and then is placed on a fire-resistant bracket forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, as shown in figure 1.
2. And (3) firing: and firing the refractory support on a kiln shed plate, wherein the inclined surface of the refractory support is back to the burner on the side surface of the kiln.
3. And (3) determination: after firing, the length of the flow of the glazed column on the slope tile surface was measured by calipers, which is the high temperature melt length.
The melting length standard range of the common glaze of the sanitary ware is controlled to be 50-70 mm.
Because the fineness of the overglaze is much thinner than that of the ground glaze and the high-temperature melting length is longer than that of the ground glaze during firing, the melting effect of the glaze layer of the overglaze is more thorough, so that the surface glaze layer of the product is highly smooth, bright and fine.
The antibacterial ceramic sanitary appliance comprises a blank layer and an antibacterial glaze layer positioned on the surface of the blank layer, wherein the antibacterial glaze layer is formed by sintering the antibacterial glaze.
A method of making an antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture, comprising the steps of:
step 1, manufacturing a blank of the ceramic sanitary appliance;
step 2, preparing glaze slip of ground coat: adding all the ground glaze raw materials into a ball mill, adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, and then grinding for 12-13 h to prepare ground glaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the ground glaze slurry is 65-70%;
step 3, preparing glaze slip of overglaze: adding all the raw materials of the overglaze into a ball mill, and then adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, wherein the raw materials of the overglaze are the same as the raw materials of the ground glaze, and 0.03-0.05% of an antibacterial agent is added into the raw materials of the overglaze according to mass percent; then grinding for 19-20 h to prepare an overglaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the overglaze slurry is 85-90 percent;
step 4, spreading the ground glaze slurry on the surface of the blank, and then spreading the overglaze slurry on the blank with the ground glaze slurry, wherein the overglaze slurry is positioned on the ground glaze slurry;
and 5, drying the blank body applied with the slurry, and then putting the blank body into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.
Further, in the step 4, the ground glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the green body in a spraying manner; the overglaze slurry is distributed on the surface of the green body with the base glaze slurry in a spraying mode.
The ground glaze and the overglaze are respectively sprayed on the surface of the blank body in a spraying mode, so that on one hand, the ground glaze and the overglaze can be more uniformly distributed on the surface of the blank body, and the surface after being fired is more flat and smooth; on the other hand, the problem of local chromatic aberration caused by aggregation of particles in the glaze can be avoided.
Further, in the step 4, a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station are included, which are sequentially performed, wherein the first station, the second station and the third station spray the ground glaze slurry on the green body, and the fourth station spray the surface of the green body with the ground glaze slurry with the surface glaze slurry.
Firstly, the first three stations spray the ground glaze, and finally the fourth station sprays the overglaze, so that the operability is strong, the overglaze of each product only accounts for one fourth of the total glaze, and the other three fourths of the overglaze is the ground glaze without the antibacterial agent, thereby better saving the glaze cost of the product; in addition, because the basic formulas of the surface glaze and the ground glaze are the same, the glaze return slag generated during spraying the ground glaze and the surface glaze can be recycled together, and a small space does not need to be independently added for spraying the surface glaze, so that the production space and the recycling cost are saved.
Further, the thickness of the ground glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body is 0.55-0.60 mm; the thickness of the surface glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body with the ground glaze slurry is 0.15-0.20 mm.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 the respective raw materials were weighed according to table 1, wherein the content of particles having a particle size of 10 μm or less in the ground glaze of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was 68%, and the content of particles having a particle size of 10 μm or less in the over glaze was 87%; the ground glaze of examples 4 to 5 had a particle content of 55% or less at a particle size of 10 μm or less, and the overglaze had a particle content of 75% or less at a particle size of 10 μm or less.
Examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 antimicrobial ceramic sanitary wares were prepared according to the following procedure:
step 1, manufacturing a blank of the ceramic sanitary appliance;
step 2, preparing glaze slip of ground coat: adding all the ground glaze raw materials into a ball mill, adding 0.3% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 45% of water into the ball mill according to the mass percentage, and then grinding for 12 hours to prepare ground glaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the ground glaze slurry is 68%;
step 3, preparing glaze slip of overglaze: adding all the raw materials of the overglaze into a ball mill, and then adding 0.3 percent of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 45 percent of water into the ball mill according to the mass percentage; then grinding for 19h to prepare overglaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the overglaze slurry is 89%;
step 4, spreading the ground glaze slurry on the surface of the blank, and then spreading the overglaze slurry on the blank with the ground glaze slurry, wherein the overglaze slurry is positioned on the ground glaze slurry;
step 5, drying the green body applied with the slurry, and then putting the green body into a kiln for firing at the firing temperature of 1200 ℃; finally obtaining the finished product of the ceramic sanitary ware for later use.
And (3) carrying out performance test on the manufactured ceramic sanitary ware:
1. and (3) determination of antibacterial rate: the antibacterial rate is determined according to the test method of JC/T897-2014 antibacterial ceramic product antibacterial performance.
2. And (3) antibacterial durability measurement: the antibacterial durability is determined according to the test method of JC/T897-2014 antibacterial ceramic product antibacterial performance.
3. And (3) testing the glossiness: the test instrument adopts an electro-optical gloss meter, the surface of a sample is smooth, has no obvious unevenness, can not generate light leakage, and has enough plane range for testing. The specific size is determined according to the instrument, and the thickness is not less than 3 mm. The glossiness instrument of 60 degrees is used as a reference level, and the glossiness value of the common glaze of the common sanitary ceramics is within the range of 85-95.
4. The test instrument adopts a Ci60 color difference instrument, a standard glaze plate or a standard value is firstly established, the instrument is used for detecting the values of L, a and b, the colorimetric values are stored in the instrument, then an experimental sample is detected, the instrument can automatically calculate the color difference E according to a color difference formula, and the color difference standard is generally controlled to be less than or equal to 1.2.
From the test results, the ceramic sanitary ware with the antibacterial function prepared in the examples 1-3 and 5 has good antibacterial performance, and can reach the standard of JC/T897-2014 antibacterial ceramic product antibacterial performance, the antibacterial rate is greater than or equal to 90%, and the antibacterial durability is greater than or equal to 85%; therefore, only the antibacterial agent is added into the overglaze, and when the content of the antibacterial agent is in the range, the antibacterial glaze with a good antibacterial effect can be obtained, the antibacterial agent is solidified in the antibacterial glaze, and when microorganisms such as bacteria contact the surface of the ceramic sanitary appliance, the nano silver antibacterial agent in the antibacterial glaze releases silver ions, so that the antibacterial effect is realized, in example 4, because the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is too small, the concentration of the released silver ions in the antibacterial glaze is too low, so that the antibacterial performance is poor, and the antibacterial rate is low; on the other hand, in example 5, the antibacterial performance cannot be further improved because the antibacterial agent is excessively added, and the cost of the antibacterial glaze is increased.
In addition, in examples 1 to 5, the basic formulas of the overglaze and the ground glaze are the same, so that the chemical compositions and the expansion coefficients of the ground glaze and the overglaze are basically consistent, the problem that the expansion coefficients and the maturation temperature are not matched does not exist between the ground glaze and the overglaze, and the basic formulas of the ground glaze and the overglaze are the same, so that the colors are also the same, so that the surface color difference of the ceramic sanitary ware after firing is extremely small and cannot be distinguished by naked eyes; in comparative examples 1 and 2, the base formulas of the ground glaze and the cover glaze are different, so the expansion coefficients of the ground glaze and the cover glaze are not matched with the ripening temperature, and the color difference of the product is qualified in the firing process, but the value of Δ E is larger than that of examples 1-5, which means that when the ratio of the ground glaze to the cover glaze is different, the value of Δ E is larger, and the problem of color difference is easy to occur. In addition, since the expansion coefficients of the ground and overglaze of comparative examples 1 and 2 do not match the maturing temperature, the surface gloss of the ceramic sanitary ware after firing is lower than that of examples 1 to 3; on the other hand, in the overglaze and under-glaze of examples 4 and 5, the content of particles of 10 μm or less is low, thus also resulting in lower surface gloss of examples 4 and 5 than that of examples 1 to 3.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty based on the explanations herein, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware is characterized by comprising a ground glaze and a cover glaze, wherein the ground glaze comprises a glaze material, the cover glaze comprises a glaze material and an antibacterial agent, and the cover glaze and the ground glaze are the same in glaze material.
2. The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware according to claim 1, wherein the glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 23.70 to 29.70 percent of common quartz powder, 14.20 to 18.20 percent of potassium feldspar, 6.60 to 8.60 percent of albite, 11.40 to 13.40 percent of wollastonite, 8.0 to 10.0 percent of calcium carbonate, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of dolomite, 2.30 to 3.30 percent of spodumene, 1.90 to 2.90 percent of calcined alumina powder, 3.80 to 5.80 percent of kaolin, 2.35 to 3.35 percent of calcined zinc oxide, 1.40 to 2.40 percent of 809 clinker and 10.0 to 11.0 percent of zirconium silicate ultrafine powder, wherein the particle size of the zirconium silicate ultrafine powder is less than or equal to 1.0 mu m.
3. The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial agent is a nano-silver antibacterial agent, and the addition amount of the antibacterial agent is 0.03-0.05% of the raw material of the overglaze in percentage by mass.
4. The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 μm in the ground glaze is 65-70% by mass percent; in the overglaze, the content of particles with the diameter less than 10 μm is 85-90%.
5. The antibacterial glaze for the ceramic sanitary ware as claimed in claim 4, wherein the high-temperature melting length of the ground glaze is 55-65 mm, and the high-temperature melting length of the overglaze is 70-80 mm.
6. An antibacterial ceramic sanitary appliance is characterized in that: the antibacterial glaze comprises a blank layer and an antibacterial glaze layer positioned on the surface of the blank layer, wherein the antibacterial glaze layer is formed by firing the antibacterial glaze of any one of claims 1-4.
7. A method of making an antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture, comprising the steps of:
step 1, manufacturing a blank of the ceramic sanitary appliance;
step 2, preparing glaze slip of ground coat: adding all the ground glaze raw materials into a ball mill, adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, and then grinding for 12-13 h to prepare ground glaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the ground glaze slurry is 65-70%;
step 3, preparing glaze slip of overglaze: adding all the raw materials of the overglaze into a ball mill, and then adding 0.3-0.35% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 40-45% of water into the ball mill according to mass percent, wherein the raw materials of the overglaze are the same as the raw materials of the ground glaze, and 0.03-0.05% of an antibacterial agent is added into the raw materials of the overglaze according to mass percent; then grinding for 19-20 h to prepare an overglaze slurry, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of less than 10 mu m in the overglaze slurry is 85-90 percent;
step 4, spreading the ground glaze slurry on the surface of the blank, and then spreading the overglaze slurry on the blank with the ground glaze slurry, wherein the overglaze slurry is positioned on the ground glaze slurry;
and 5, drying the blank body applied with the slurry, and then putting the blank body into a kiln for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃.
8. A method of making antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 4, the ground glaze slurry is distributed on the surface of the green body in a spraying mode; the overglaze slurry is distributed on the surface of the green body with the base glaze slurry in a spraying mode.
9. A method of making antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture according to claim 8, wherein: and 4, sequentially performing a first station, a second station, a third station and a fourth station, wherein the first station, the second station and the third station spray the base glaze slurry on the blank, and the fourth station spray the surface glaze slurry on the blank with the base glaze slurry.
10. A method of making antimicrobial ceramic plumbing fixture according to claim 8, wherein: the thickness of the ground glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body is 0.55-0.60 mm; the thickness of the surface glaze slurry sprayed on the surface of the blank body with the ground glaze slurry is 0.15-0.20 mm.
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| CN112408796A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Antibacterial, easy-to-clean and zirconium-free whitening functional glaze and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112851299A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-28 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-cost glazing-free sanitary ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN112960990A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 同曦集团有限公司 | Antibacterial, mildewproof and antiviral porous ceramic and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN112408796A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Antibacterial, easy-to-clean and zirconium-free whitening functional glaze and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112960990A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 同曦集团有限公司 | Antibacterial, mildewproof and antiviral porous ceramic and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113121199A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-16 | 广东金牌陶瓷有限公司 | Super-thick rock plate and preparation method and application thereof |
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