CN111390307A - Electric spark machining equipment with ultrasonic assistance - Google Patents
Electric spark machining equipment with ultrasonic assistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111390307A CN111390307A CN202010328295.0A CN202010328295A CN111390307A CN 111390307 A CN111390307 A CN 111390307A CN 202010328295 A CN202010328295 A CN 202010328295A CN 111390307 A CN111390307 A CN 111390307A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric spark machining device with ultrasonic assistance, which comprises a material carrying cabin and an electrode base station, wherein a material plate and an ultrasonic generating device are arranged in the material carrying cabin, the electrode base station comprises a displacement driving source and an electrode device, the electrode device comprises a seat plate, an electrode seat and an oil atomization injection mechanism, the oil atomization injection mechanism comprises an annular oil storage chamber and an annular air injection chamber, the peripheral wall of the annular oil storage chamber and the peripheral wall of the annular air injection chamber are respectively provided with a circular tangential feeding pipe orifice, the bottom of the annular air injection chamber is provided with a material mixing chamber, the bottom of the material mixing chamber is provided with a conical injection channel, the bottom of the annular oil storage chamber is provided with an annular feeding channel communicated with the material mixing chamber, and the annular air injection chamber is internally provided with an annular accelerating. The invention adopts the mode of matching the electric spark spraying medium with the ultrasonic amplitude, meets the requirements of accurate configuration of a discharge channel and high-efficiency removal of an electric erosion product, improves the processing quality of a workpiece, and is particularly suitable for deep hole forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric spark machining device with ultrasonic assistance, and belongs to the technical field of electric spark machining devices.
Background
With the development of production and the progress of science and technology, new materials with the properties of high melting point, high hardness, high strength, high brittleness, high viscosity, high toughness, high purity and the like are continuously generated, more and more workpieces with various complex structures and special process requirements are provided, and the workpieces are still machined by a machining method and sometimes difficult to machine or cannot be machined.
The electric spark processing method is a method for processing materials by utilizing an electric corrosion phenomenon generated during pulse discharge between two electrodes, and the defects of the traditional processing method are overcome due to the characteristics that the processing is not limited by the strength and the hardness of the materials, no macroscopic acting force exists between a workpiece and a tool in the processing process, the workpiece and the tool are only related to the conductive property of the materials, and the like, and the electric spark processing method has obvious advantages in the processing of conductive materials difficult to process.
Oil is adopted as a discharge medium in the traditional electric spark machining, so that the machining is stable and high in efficiency, but some defects exist: the gas decomposed at high temperature is harmful to human body and environment; there is a fire hazard; the used waste is harmful to the environment; the use cost is high; a heat-affected layer such as a white layer is present on the work surface. The oil-based working fluid is applied to electric spark forming, but has the problems of large heat loss, poor chip removal effect, easy formation of a white layer due to quenching and easy corrosion of a machine tool. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, the national branch and the formal scholars of the university of agricultural industry of tokyo, japan proposed and realized that gas medium electric discharge machining effectively solved the above-mentioned shortcomings of oil-based working fluid, but the gas medium discharge gap was very small, the requirements for machine tool servo systems and the like were high, the machining was unstable when using a common electric discharge machine tool, the abnormal discharge probability was increased, the effective pulse utilization rate was reduced, and therefore the machining efficiency was low.
The chinese patent of the invention with the publication number CN106695031B discloses an electric spark atomizing nozzle which can improve the atomizing state, change the discharge gap and the discharge channel configuration, and improve the surface quality of the workpiece, but has the following defects: the liquid outlet end of the liquid chamber has poor atomization effect, the gas spraying uniformity of the gas chamber has poor requirement on high air pressure, and the gas outlet atomization uniformity of the mixing chamber has poor effect; the problems that the jet angle is fixed and the jet cannot be in place and accumulated chips are deposited and the like exist in the deep hole machining process, and the machining is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides the electric spark machining equipment with ultrasonic assistance aiming at the problems of the traditional electric spark machining equipment in the deep hole machining process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the electric spark processing equipment with ultrasonic assistance comprises a material carrying cabin and an electrode base platform, wherein a material plate and an ultrasonic generating device connected with the material plate are arranged in the material carrying cabin,
the electrode base station comprises a displacement driving source and an electrode device arranged on the displacement driving source,
the electrode device comprises a seat plate, an electrode seat arranged on the seat plate, and an oil atomization injection mechanism positioned on the periphery of the electrode seat,
the oil atomization injection mechanism comprises an annular oil storage chamber surrounding the periphery of the electrode seat and an annular air injection chamber surrounding the periphery of the annular oil storage chamber, the peripheral wall of the annular oil storage chamber and the peripheral wall of the annular air injection chamber are respectively provided with a circular tangential feeding pipe orifice,
the bottom of cyclic annular jet-propelled cavity is equipped with the compounding cavity, the bottom of compounding cavity is equipped with the orientation the extreme toper jet passage on the electrode holder, the bottom of cyclic annular oil storage cavity is equipped with the intercommunication the cyclic annular feed channel of compounding cavity, be equipped with the intercommunication in the cyclic annular jet-propelled cavity the cyclic annular channel of accelerating of compounding cavity.
Preferably, the annular oil storage chamber comprises a top annular diversion chamber and a bottom conical acceleration chamber, and a mesh plate for granulating oil is arranged in the bottom conical acceleration chamber.
Preferably, the annular air injection chamber comprises a top annular swirling flow cavity and a bottom annular cone accelerating cavity, and the annular accelerating channel is arranged at the bottom end of the bottom annular cone accelerating cavity.
Preferably, the oil liquid rotation direction of the annular oil storage chamber is opposite to the air flow rotation direction in the annular air injection chamber.
Preferably, the gap of the annular accelerating channel is L1, the gap of the annular feeding channel is L2, the gap of the conical spraying channel is L3, L2 is more than or equal to 2L 1, and L3 is less than L1 + L2.
Preferably, the ultrasonic generating device comprises a sealed cabin, an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the sealed cabin, and at least three amplitude rods penetrating through the sealed cabin and connected with the material plate are arranged on the ultrasonic generator.
Preferably, said horn comprises a conical base and a horn end for penetrating said sealed nacelle top wall.
Preferably, a sealing flange is arranged between the horn rod end and the sealed cabin.
Preferably, the displacement drive source includes the frame main part, be equipped with lift displacement mechanism in the frame main part, be equipped with horizontal linear displacement mechanism on lift displacement mechanism's the elevating platform, be equipped with horizontal flexible displacement mechanism on horizontal linear displacement mechanism's the slide, the flexible end of horizontal flexible displacement mechanism is equipped with rotatory displacement mechanism, the flexible displacement direction of horizontal flexible displacement mechanism with the linear displacement direction looks of horizontal linear displacement mechanism is perpendicular, electrode assembly set up in on the roating seat of rotatory displacement mechanism.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mode that the electric spark medium is sprayed and the ultrasonic amplitude is matched is adopted, the requirements of accurate configuration of a discharge channel and high-efficiency removal of an electric erosion product are met, the machining quality of a workpiece is improved, and the method is particularly suitable for deep hole forming.
2. The oil atomization injection mechanism is ingenious in design, the spiral acceleration principle is adopted, the requirement of the circulation medium acceleration stroke is met in a limited space, and the atomization degree and the atomization uniformity of the injected electric spark medium are remarkably improved.
3. The whole design is ingenious, and the machining device has the characteristics of small damage to workpieces, accurate machining precision, high pulse utilization rate, stable machining, high machining efficiency and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrode assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the electrode assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic generator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an electric discharge machining device with ultrasonic assistance. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that it can be more easily understood and appreciated.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance includes a material loading chamber 1 and an electrode base 2.
The material loading cabin 1 is internally provided with a material plate 11 and an ultrasonic generating device 3 connected with the material plate 11. The electrode base 2 includes a displacement drive source 4 and an electrode device 5 provided on the displacement drive source 4.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the electrode device 5 includes a base plate 51, an electrode holder 52 provided on the base plate 51, and an oil atomizing and spraying mechanism 6 located on the outer periphery of the electrode holder 52.
The oil atomization injection mechanism 6 comprises an annular oil storage chamber 61 surrounding the periphery of the electrode seat 52 and an annular air injection chamber 62 surrounding the periphery of the annular oil storage chamber 61, and the peripheral walls of the annular oil storage chamber 61 and the annular air injection chamber 62 are respectively provided with a circular tangential feeding pipe orifice 63.
The bottom of the annular gas spraying chamber 62 is provided with a mixing chamber 64, the bottom of the mixing chamber 64 is provided with a conical spraying channel 641 facing the electrode terminal on the electrode holder 52, the bottom of the annular oil storage chamber 61 is provided with an annular feeding channel 611 communicated with the mixing chamber 64, and the annular gas spraying chamber 62 is provided with an annular accelerating channel 621 communicated with the mixing chamber 64.
The specific implementation process and principle description are as follows:
firstly, a workpiece to be processed is fixed on a material plate 11, and an electrode end of an electrode device 5 is adjusted to be opposite to a processing position of the workpiece to be processed by a displacement driving source 4.
In the electrode processing process, an external oil supply pipeline and a high-pressure airflow pipeline are respectively connected with a feeding pipe port 63, oil supply of the oil supply pipeline is in a spiral flow guiding state in an annular oil storage chamber 61, oil is uniformly sprayed into a mixing chamber 64 through an annular feeding channel 611 after being sufficiently rotated and accelerated in a limited space, and is atomized to be in an oil drop state under the spraying effect when passing through the annular feeding channel 611. The air intake of the high-pressure air flow pipeline is in a spiral circulation state in the annular air injection chamber 62, and is uniformly injected into the mixing chamber 64 through the annular accelerating channel 621 after being sufficiently rotated and accelerated, so that atomized oil drops in the mixing chamber 64 are further atomized by impact, and the atomized medium after impact atomization is injected to the processing part of the electrode end through the conical injection channel 641.
In the electrode end machining process, the ultrasonic generating device 3 can drive the material plate 11, so that a workpiece to be machined on the material plate 11 has a tiny amplitude. The amplitude can passively finely adjust the jet path, so that the discharge area is subjected to configuration adjustment and washing, the surface quality of a workpiece is improved, and particularly the deep hole forming precision is greatly improved.
In one embodiment, the annular oil storage chamber 61 includes a top annular baffle chamber and a bottom conical acceleration chamber, and a mesh plate 612 for oil granulation is disposed in the bottom conical acceleration chamber.
Specifically, the oil entering along the inlet pipe port 63 has a sufficient rotating space in the top annular diversion cavity, the bottom conical acceleration cavity gradually narrows from the top annular diversion cavity to the annular feed channel 611, the oil is increasingly pressurized in the narrowing process to perform the function of pressurized injection, and the oil generates a granulation effect when passing through the screen plate 612, so that the oil injection atomization effect of the annular feed channel 611 is improved.
In one embodiment, the annular jet chamber 62 includes a top annular swirl chamber and a bottom annular cone acceleration chamber, and the annular acceleration channel 621 is disposed at the bottom end of the bottom annular cone acceleration chamber.
Specifically, the top annular swirling cavity is used for full circulation of airflow rotation, the effect of pressure increasing and spraying can be generated when the airflow passes through the bottom annular cone accelerating cavity, the annular accelerating channel 621 is a gap, the sprayed airflow can be accelerated and lifted, and the air outlet impact requirement of the annular accelerating channel 621 is met.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the oil in the annular oil reservoir chamber 61 rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of the air flow in the annular air jet chamber 62.
That is, in the mixing chamber 64, the high-pressure air flow substantially collides with the atomized oil, specifically, the oil mist particles injected from the annular feeding channel 611 have a rotational injection flow path when entering the mixing chamber 64, and the air flow injected from the annular accelerating channel 621 has a rotational flow path opposite to the oil mist particles when entering the mixing chamber 64, so that the two air flows are guided to be injected from the tapered injection channel 641 after being sufficiently collided and mixed in the mixing chamber 64.
In one embodiment, the annular accelerating channel 621 has a gap of L1, the annular feed channel 611 has a gap of L2, and the conical spray channel 641 has a gap of L3, L2 ≧ 2L 1, L3 < L1 + L2.
Specifically, the annular accelerating channel 621 is used to generate an impact air flow at a very atmospheric pressure, so that the gap L1 is small, which can effectively prevent oil mist particles from entering the annular air injection chamber 62 during the passing of the high-pressure air flow, and the gap of the conical injection channel 641 needs to be controlled within a reasonable range, which would cause pressure relief effect when the gap is too large, and which would be unfavorable for the collision and mixing in the mixing chamber 64 when the gap is too small.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the ultrasonic generator 3 includes a sealed cabin 31, an ultrasonic generator 32 is disposed in the sealed cabin 31, and at least three amplitude rods 7 connected to the material plate 11 through the sealed cabin 31 are disposed on the ultrasonic generator 32. Amplitude rod 7 includes a conical base 71 and a rod end 72 for passing through the top wall of sealed nacelle 31. A sealing flange 8 is arranged between the luffing jib end 72 and the sealed cabin 31.
Specifically, the sealing flange 8 forms a fully sealed structure for the ultrasonic generator 3, so that oil mist does not invade into the sealed cabin 31, thereby ensuring the operation safety of the ultrasonic generator 3.
The design of at least three amplitude rods 7 is that the triangular support requirement for the material plate 11 is met, the material plate 11 is ensured to be in a horizontal state, and the design of the amplitude rod end 72 can expand the amplitude to meet a certain amplitude requirement.
In one embodiment, the displacement driving source 4 includes a frame body 41, an elevation displacement mechanism 42 is disposed on the frame body 41, a horizontal linear displacement mechanism 43 is disposed on an elevation platform of the elevation displacement mechanism 42, a horizontal telescopic displacement mechanism 44 is disposed on a sliding base of the horizontal linear displacement mechanism 43, a rotation displacement mechanism 45 is disposed on a telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic displacement mechanism 44, a telescopic displacement direction of the horizontal telescopic displacement mechanism is perpendicular to a linear displacement direction of the horizontal linear displacement mechanism, and the electrode device 5 is disposed on a rotating base of the rotation displacement mechanism 45.
Through the design of the displacement driving source 4, the three-dimensional displacement adjustment and the alignment angle adjustment of the electrode device 5 can be met, and the alignment and angle adjustment alignment requirements of the electrode end and the workpiece machining part are met.
Through the above description, it can be found that the ultrasonic-assisted electric spark machining device provided by the invention meets the requirements of accurate discharge channel configuration and high-efficiency removal of an electroerosion product by adopting a mode of matching the sprayed electric spark medium with the ultrasonic amplitude, improves the machining quality of a workpiece, and is particularly suitable for deep hole forming. The oil atomization injection mechanism is ingenious in design, the spiral acceleration principle is adopted, the requirement of the circulation medium acceleration stroke is met in a limited space, and the atomization degree and the atomization uniformity of the injected electric spark medium are remarkably improved. The whole design is ingenious, and the machining device has the characteristics of small damage to workpieces, accurate machining precision, high pulse utilization rate, stable machining, high machining efficiency and the like.
The technical solutions of the present invention are fully described above, it should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above description, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent or equivalent changes in structure, method, or function according to the spirit of the present invention by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Possess supplementary spark-erosion machining equipment of supersound, including carrying material cabin and electrode base station, its characterized in that:
a material plate and an ultrasonic generating device connected with the material plate are arranged in the material carrying cabin,
the electrode base station comprises a displacement driving source and an electrode device arranged on the displacement driving source,
the electrode device comprises a seat plate, an electrode seat arranged on the seat plate, and an oil atomization injection mechanism positioned on the periphery of the electrode seat,
the oil atomization injection mechanism comprises an annular oil storage chamber surrounding the periphery of the electrode seat and an annular air injection chamber surrounding the periphery of the annular oil storage chamber, the peripheral wall of the annular oil storage chamber and the peripheral wall of the annular air injection chamber are respectively provided with a circular tangential feeding pipe orifice,
the bottom of cyclic annular jet-propelled cavity is equipped with the compounding cavity, the bottom of compounding cavity is equipped with the orientation the extreme toper jet passage on the electrode holder, the bottom of cyclic annular oil storage cavity is equipped with the intercommunication the cyclic annular feed channel of compounding cavity, be equipped with the intercommunication in the cyclic annular jet-propelled cavity the cyclic annular channel of accelerating of compounding cavity.
2. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the annular oil storage chamber comprises an annular top end diversion chamber and a conical bottom end acceleration chamber, and a mesh plate for granulating oil is arranged in the conical bottom end acceleration chamber.
3. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the annular air injection cavity comprises an annular top rotational flow cavity and an annular bottom cone accelerating cavity, and the annular accelerating channel is arranged at the bottom end of the annular bottom cone accelerating cavity.
4. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the oil liquid rotating direction of the annular oil storage chamber is opposite to the airflow rotating direction in the annular air spraying chamber.
5. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the gap of the annular accelerating channel is L1, the gap of the annular feeding channel is L2, the gap of the conical spraying channel is L3, L2 is more than or equal to 2L 1, L3 is less than L1 + L2.
6. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the ultrasonic generating device comprises a sealed cabin, an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the sealed cabin, and at least three amplitude rods which penetrate through the sealed cabin and are connected with the material plate are arranged on the ultrasonic generator.
7. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the amplitude rod comprises a conical base and an amplitude rod end used for penetrating through the top wall of the sealed cabin.
8. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 7, characterized in that:
and a sealing flange is arranged between the amplitude variation rod end and the sealed cabin.
9. The electric discharge machining apparatus with ultrasonic assistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement driving source includes the frame main part, be equipped with lift displacement mechanism in the frame main part, be equipped with horizontal linear displacement mechanism on lift displacement mechanism's the elevating platform, be equipped with horizontal flexible displacement mechanism on horizontal linear displacement mechanism's the slide, the flexible end of horizontal flexible displacement mechanism is equipped with rotatory displacement mechanism, the flexible displacement direction of horizontal flexible displacement mechanism with horizontal linear displacement mechanism's linear displacement direction is mutually perpendicular, electrode assembly set up in on the roating seat of rotatory displacement mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010328295.0A CN111390307B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Electric spark machining equipment with ultrasonic assistance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010328295.0A CN111390307B (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Electric spark machining equipment with ultrasonic assistance |
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| CN111390307A true CN111390307A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
| CN111390307B CN111390307B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2870993Y (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2007-02-21 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Superfine medium and low-pressure two-phase flow spray nozzle |
| CN101837567A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 三星电机株式会社 | Water jet device |
| CN103447184A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Pulse water jet flow air suction atomization device |
| CN105014166A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-04 | 北京市电加工研究所 | Bridge type electric spark processing machine tool |
| CN106695031A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-24 | 宁波工程学院 | Electric spark liquid atomizing nozzle |
| CN109732157A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of near-dry type high-speed electric spark processing method and its device |
-
2020
- 2020-04-23 CN CN202010328295.0A patent/CN111390307B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2870993Y (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2007-02-21 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | Superfine medium and low-pressure two-phase flow spray nozzle |
| CN101837567A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-22 | 三星电机株式会社 | Water jet device |
| CN103447184A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Pulse water jet flow air suction atomization device |
| CN105014166A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-11-04 | 北京市电加工研究所 | Bridge type electric spark processing machine tool |
| CN106695031A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-24 | 宁波工程学院 | Electric spark liquid atomizing nozzle |
| CN109732157A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of near-dry type high-speed electric spark processing method and its device |
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| CN111390307B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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