CN102500850B - Needle valve and precise tiny electric spark processing method for conical surfaces of needle valve body - Google Patents

Needle valve and precise tiny electric spark processing method for conical surfaces of needle valve body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102500850B
CN102500850B CN201110303453.8A CN201110303453A CN102500850B CN 102500850 B CN102500850 B CN 102500850B CN 201110303453 A CN201110303453 A CN 201110303453A CN 102500850 B CN102500850 B CN 102500850B
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China
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needle
valve
electrode
wire feeder
conical surface
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CN102500850A (en
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李勇
张龙
李晓民
佟浩
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SHANDONG HEZE HUAXING FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Tsinghua University
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SHANDONG HEZE HUAXING FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a precise tiny electric spark processing method for an outer conical surface and an inner conical surface of a needle valve body of an oil nozzle coupling member of a diesel engine, belonging to the technical field of special processing. The precise processing method comprises the following steps of: processing the outer conical surface of the needle valve by adopting a wire electrode moving and processing method, wherein needle valves with different conical angles can be processed through adjusting the moving angle of the electrode or the moving speed of a rotating main shaft mechanism and a wire electrode moving mechanism; and using an another electrode to process the inner conical surface of the needle valve body by adopting the tiny electric spark processing method, wherein the shape of the another electrode is consistent with that of the outer conical surface of the needle valve. The precise tiny electric spark processing method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simple processing device, high processing accuracy and high sealing performance of a processed conical surface; and a better processing method is provided to process the needle valve of the oil nozzle coupling member and the conical surfaces of the needle valve body.

Description

The fine electric spark precision machining method of a kind of needle-valve and the needle-valve body conical surface
Technical field
The invention belongs to the special processing technology field, relate generally to the fine electric spark precision machining method of a kind of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) and needle-valve body inner conical surface.
Background technology
The fuel oil supply system of diesel engine is the important component part of diesel engine, and the quality of its performance and technology status not only directly affects the reliability of dynamic property, economy and the use of diesel engine, and environmental pollution also has extremely important impact.In the fuel oil supply system of diesel engine, three large precision pairs are that plunger matching parts, delivery valve matching parts and injector nozzle matching parts machining accuracy are high, to its sealing and wearability, require very strict.Wherein, injector nozzle matching parts is the critical component that affects engine performance, life-span and reliability, the part mainly comprised is needle-valve and needle-valve body, the sealing coordinated between the two with and wearability directly determined expulsion pressure and the service life of fuel oil, therefore, the cone face process of injector nozzle matching parts is had higher requirement.
In traditional processing technology, the machining process route of needle-valve and the needle-valve body conical surface is generally to first corase grind, then refines.In the processing of needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus), because the needle-valve draw ratio is greater than 10, belong to slender axles, rigidity is little, when adopting emery wheel to carry out grinding, due to the existence of machine cut power, needle-valve can produce a certain amount of flexural deformation, makes the face of needle seating processed produce form error, and circularity is not high; And, in the processing of needle-valve body inner conical surface, the rotating speed of emery wheel is 100000r/min, simultaneously because the needle-valve body intracavity diameter is little, add the grinding wheel diameter adopted man-hour very little, work in-process abrasion of grinding wheel problem is serious, causes the machining accuracy of inner conical surface to reduce.Needle-valve and the needle-valve body Technologies for Heating Processing such as adding lonneal of also will quenching, before if grinding is placed on heat treatment, the heat treatment meeting changes the size of part, after if grinding is placed on heat treatment, due to the heat treatment meeting, obviously improve the hardness of part, make machining become more difficult, machining accuracy reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus).
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part body inner conical surface.
The present invention also aims to provide the device of above-mentioned processing method.
A kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus), carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) go out male cone (strobilus masculinus) in the roughing of needle-valve top in advance;
(2) by wire electrode on the line electrode wire feeder, by pulse power negative pole and guide pad connection for spark machined;
(3) needle-valve is arranged in rotary main shaft mechanism, and spark machined is connected with needle-valve with the pulse power is anodal;
(4) working solution is injected in liquid bath, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(5) connect the spark machined pulse power, controlled the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the wire electrode fine finishining needle-valve of rotary main shaft mechanism and line electrode wire feeder by digital control system: rotary main shaft mechanism drives the speed rotation of needle-valve with 800-1200r/min, in the line electrode wire feeder, the centerline of guide pad and needle-valve is in same plane, the guide pad bevel angle is consistent with conical surface angle, when wire electrode contacts with the conical surface, be line electric discharge processing, the wire electrode of digital control system control line electrode wire feeder, with the close processed needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the speed of 1-4 μ m/s, the angle of adjusting wire electrode by guide pad and the directive wheel of adjustment line electrode wire feeder, process the face of needle seating of different angles, perhaps, rotary main shaft mechanism drives the speed rotation of needle-valve with 800-1200r/min, in the line electrode wire feeder, guide pad is vertical with the needle-valve center line, the guide pad front end protrudes, when wire electrode contacts with the conical surface, be some electric discharge processing, digital control system is controlled rotary main shaft and the line electrode wire feeder relatively moves with the speed of 0~10 μ m/s separately, by adjusting the mobile cooperation speed of rotary main shaft and line electrode wire feeder, can process the face of needle seating of different angles,
(6) close the spark machined pulse power after process finishing, control wire feeder by digital control system and leave needle-valve.
The running accuracy of described rotary main shaft mechanism is less than 2 μ m.
Described rotary main shaft mechanism's employing vertical structure or horizontal type structure.
The wire electrode of described line electrode wire feeder is molybdenum filament, and diameter is 0.2mm.
A kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part body inner conical surface, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) in advance in needle-valve body roughing go out inner conical surface;
(2) needle-valve body is fixed on frock, and electric spark is connected with needle-valve body with the pulse power is anodal;
(3) by pre-processed being arranged in rotary main shaft mechanism with the consistent electrode of needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus) shape, and spark machined is connected with pulse power negative pole and electrode;
(4) working solution is injected in liquid bath, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(5) connect the spark machined pulse power, by digital control system control tool electrode, adopt the spark discharge processing method to remove the inner conical surface of fine finishining needle-valve body: rotary main shaft mechanism drives the speed rotation of tool-electrode with 800-1200r/min, connect the negative pole of the pulse power, be arranged on the needle-valve body on workbench, connect the positive pole of the pulse power, rotary main shaft mechanism drives tool-electrode near the needle-valve body processing of discharging, and processes and tool-electrode male cone (strobilus masculinus) cross section and the on all four inner conical surface of shape;
(6) close the spark machined pulse power after process finishing, by the digital control system control electrode, leave needle-valve body.
Described rotary main shaft mechanism's employing vertical structure or horizontal type structure.
The fine electric spark precise processing device of a kind of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) and needle-valve body inner conical surface, rotary main shaft mechanism 1 is connected with needle-valve 6 or tool-electrode 8, two cover frocks 9 and a set of line electrode wire feeder are arranged in work tank 5, the line electrode wire feeder is by wire motor 21, torque motor 22, wire electrode 23, directive wheel 25 and guide pad 24 form, line electrode wire feeder and needle-valve body 7 are fixed on frock 9, wire electrode 23 is on the line electrode wire feeder, wire motor 21 by wire electrode 23 successively with directive wheel 25, guide pad 24 is connected with torque motor 22, digital control system 4 is connected with the pulse power 3, when processing needle-valve 6 male cone (strobilus masculinus), the pulse power 3 positive poles connect needle-valve 6, negative pole connects guide pad 24, when machined needles valve body 7 inner conical surface, the pulse power 3 positive poles connect needle-valve body 7, negative pole bonding tool electrode 8.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) adopts the mode of fine electric spark electric discharge processing, with traditional machining, compares, and machinery-free cutting force, be particularly suitable for the processing of the needle-valve that the elongated shape rigidity is little, can improve the form error that processes the conical surface.(2) adopt micro-energy impulsing power source, pulse width 3 μ s, pulse spacings 5 μ s, discharge capacity 220pF, the impulse discharge energy is little, thereby makes machined surface roughness low, is conducive to seal between needle-valve and needle-valve body.(3) adopt the conical surface of line electrode wire feeder processing needle-valve, utilize all the time the processing of ew line wire electrode, avoided the problem of electric discharging machining electrode loss, improve machining accuracy; When the different needle-valve of processing conical surface angle, only need to adjust the angle of wire electrode in the line electrode wire feeder or adjust the mobile speed that coordinates of main shaft and wire feeder, so processing flexibility is higher.(4) adopt the electrode consistent with the face of needle seating shape during machined needles valve body inner conical surface, electrode rotary processing simultaneously, and, during tradition processes, because the needle-valve body intracavity diameter is little, emery wheel is less, and serious wear in processing, the conical surface precision processed is not high.(5) the needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the needle-valve body inner conical surface precision that process are high, and fitted seal is good, has improved the fuel oil jet performance, can reduce the discharge of pollutant.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation that Fig. 1 is electric discharge machining apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is two kinds of different implementation method machining sketch charts of needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the present invention, and a is embodiment 1 implementation method schematic diagram, and b is embodiment 2 implementation method schematic diagrames;
Fig. 3 is needle-valve body inner conical surface machining sketch chart of the present invention;
In figure, 1-rotary main shaft mechanism, the 3-pulse power, 4-digital control system, 5-liquid bath, 6-needle-valve, 7-needle-valve body, 8-tool-electrode, 9-frock, 21-wire motor, 22-torque motor, 23-wire electrode, 24-guide pad, 25-directive wheel.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the present embodiment device comprises rotary main shaft mechanism 1, line electrode wire feeder, the pulse power 3, digital control system 4, liquid bath 5, needle-valve 6, needle-valve body 7, tool-electrode 8 and frock 9; Rotary main shaft mechanism 1 can clamp needle-valve 6 or tool-electrode 8 is realized moving up and down and rotatablely moving, and whole motion process is subject to the control of digital control system 4; The line electrode wire feeder comprises wire motor 21, torque motor 22, wire electrode 23, guide pad 24, directive wheel 25, wherein, wire motor 21 is the active motor, drive wire electrode 23 with lower speed (velocity interval: 0~25mm/min) advance, the moment that torque motor 22 output is constant, keep the tension force of wire electrode, the cone angle that guide pad 24 can controlled working and by the electrical energy transfer of the pulse power 3 to wire electrode, directive wheel 25, for the trend of control electrode silk, makes it be close to the inclined-plane of guide pad; The pulse power 3 provides high-frequency electrical pulses for spark machined, the signal of telecommunication of the pulse power is as pulse width, pulse spacing, pulse amplitudes etc. can be regulated by digital control system 4, when carrying out the needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus), add man-hour, and the positive pole of the pulse power 4 connects needle-valve 6, the guide pad 24 of negative pole link electrode wire feeder, add man-hour when carrying out the needle-valve body inner conical surface, the positive pole of the pulse power connects needle-valve body 7, negative pole bonding tool electrode 8; Digital control system 4 is controlled the function operation as required of whole electric discharge machining apparatus, control motion and the rotation of rotary main shaft mechanism 1, the unlatching of control impuls power supply 3, close and the change of electrical quantity motion of line electrode wire feeder and needle-valve body 7 etc. during controlled working.
As shown in Figure 2 a, the present embodiment Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) comprises following step:
(1) go out male cone (strobilus masculinus) in needle-valve 6 top roughing in advance;
(2) by wire electrode 23 on the line electrode wire feeder, by the pulse power 3 negative poles and guide pad 24 connections for spark machined;
(3) needle-valve 6 is arranged in rotary main shaft mechanism 1, and spark machined is connected with needle-valve 6 with the pulse power 3 is anodal;
(4) working solution is injected in liquid bath 5, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(5) connect the pulse power 3 for spark machined, control needle-valve 6 rotations by digital control system 4, the line electrode wire feeder drives wire electrode 23 and goes near needle-valve 6 with the speed of 9mm/min, start the fine finishining of discharging, rotary main shaft mechanism 1 drives the speed rotation of needle-valve 6 with 1000r/min, in the line electrode wire feeder, the centerline of guide pad 24 and needle-valve 6 is in same plane, guide pad 24 bevel angles are consistent with conical surface angle, when wire electrode 23 contacts with the conical surface, be line electric discharge processing, the wire electrode of digital control system 4 control line electrode wire feeders, with close processed needle-valve 6 male cone (strobilus masculinus)s of the speed of 2 μ m/s, the angle of adjusting wire electrode by guide pad 24 and the directive wheel 25 of adjustment line electrode wire feeder, process the face of needle seating of different angles,
(6) close the pulse power 3 for spark machined after process finishing, by digital control system 4 control line electrode wire feeders, leave needle-valve 6.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment processing unit (plant) difference from Example 1 is: shape, position and the direction of guide pad 24 and directive wheel 25, the conversion by directive wheel 25 makes wire electrode 23 be placed in the front end projection of guide pad 24 and perpendicular to the axis of needle-valve.
As shown in Figure 2 b, the present embodiment Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) comprises following step:
(1) go out male cone (strobilus masculinus) in needle-valve 6 top roughing in advance;
(2) by wire electrode 23 on wire electric discharge electrode wire feeder, by the pulse power 3 negative poles and guide pad 24 connections for spark machined;
(3) needle-valve 6 is arranged in rotary main shaft mechanism 1, and spark machined is connected with needle-valve 6 with the pulse power 3 is anodal;
(4) working solution is injected in liquid bath 5, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(5) connect the pulse power 3 for spark machined, control needle-valve 6 rotations by digital control system 4, wire feeder drives wire electrode 23 and goes near needle-valve 6 with the speed of 9mm/min, rotary main shaft mechanism 1 drive needle-valve 6 moves upward simultaneously, start electric discharge processing, in the line electrode wire feeder, guide pad 24 is vertical with needle-valve 6 center lines, guide pad 24 front ends protrude, when wire electrode 23 contacts with the conical surface, be some electric discharge processing, digital control system 4 controls rotary main shaft mechanism 1 and the line electrode wire feeder relatively moves with the speed of 0~10 μ m/s separately, by adjusting the mobile cooperation speed of rotary main shaft and line electrode wire feeder, can process the face of needle seating of different angles, as diaxon moves with the speed of 2 μ m/s separately, the angle of the face of needle seating processed is 90 °,
(6) close the pulse power 3 for spark machined after process finishing, control wire feeder by digital control system 4 and leave needle-valve 6.
Embodiment 3
The difference of the present embodiment processing unit (plant) and embodiment 1 is: remove wire feeder, frock 9 is changed into to the frock of locking pin valve body.
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part body inner conical surface comprises following step:
(1) go out inner conical surface in the interior roughing of needle-valve body 7 in advance;
(1) needle-valve body 7 is fixed on specific frock 9, and electric spark is connected with needle-valve body 7 with the pulse power 3 is anodal;
(2) by pre-processed being arranged on rotary main shaft 1 with the consistent tool-electrode 8 of needle-valve 6 male cone (strobilus masculinus) shapes, and spark machined is connected with the pulse power 3 negative poles and electrode;
(3) working solution is injected in liquid bath 5, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(4) connect the pulse power 3 for spark machined, by digital control system 4 control tool electrodes 8, adopt the fine electric spark discharge-treating method to remove the inner conical surface of fine finishining needle-valve body 7: rotary main shaft mechanism 1 drives tool-electrode 8 and rotates with 1000r/min speed, connect the negative pole of the pulse power 3, be arranged on the needle-valve body 7 on workbench, connect the positive pole of the pulse power 3, rotary main shaft mechanism 1 drives tool-electrode 8 and carries out Micro EDM near needle-valve body 7, processes and tool-electrode 8 male cone (strobilus masculinus) cross sections and the on all four inner conical surface of shape;
(5) close the pulse power 3 for spark machined after process finishing, by digital control system 4 control electrodes, leave needle-valve body.

Claims (5)

1. the fine electric spark precision machining method of a Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus), is characterized in that, carries out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) go out male cone (strobilus masculinus) in the roughing of needle-valve top in advance;
(2) by wire electrode on the line electrode wire feeder, by pulse power negative pole and guide pad connection for spark machined;
(3) needle-valve is arranged in rotary main shaft mechanism, and spark machined is connected with needle-valve with the pulse power is anodal;
(4) working solution is injected in liquid bath, guarantees that the spark discharge machining area is covered by working solution;
(5) connect the spark machined pulse power, controlled the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the wire electrode fine finishining needle-valve of rotary main shaft mechanism and line electrode wire feeder by digital control system: rotary main shaft mechanism drives the speed rotation of needle-valve with 800-1200r/min, in the line electrode wire feeder, the centerline of guide pad and needle-valve is in same plane, the guide pad bevel angle is consistent with conical surface angle, when wire electrode contacts with the conical surface, be line electric discharge processing, the wire electrode of digital control system control line electrode wire feeder, with the close processed needle-valve male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the speed of 1-4 μ m/s, the angle of adjusting wire electrode by guide pad and the directive wheel of adjustment line electrode wire feeder, process the face of needle seating of different angles, perhaps, rotary main shaft mechanism drives the speed rotation of needle-valve with 800-1200r/min, in the line electrode wire feeder, guide pad is vertical with the needle-valve center line, the guide pad front end protrudes, when wire electrode contacts with the conical surface, be some electric discharge processing, digital control system is controlled rotary main shaft and the line electrode wire feeder relatively moves with the speed of 2 μ m/s separately, by adjusting the mobile cooperation speed of rotary main shaft and line electrode wire feeder, can process the face of needle seating of different angles,
(6) close the spark machined pulse power after process finishing, control wire feeder by digital control system and leave needle-valve.
2. a kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the running accuracy of described rotary main shaft mechanism is less than 2 μ m.
3. a kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotary main shaft mechanism adopts vertical structure or horizontal type structure.
4. a kind of fine electric spark precision machining method of Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the wire electrode of described line electrode wire feeder is molybdenum filament, and diameter is 0.2mm.
5. the fine electric spark precise processing device of a Diesel engine needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part male cone (strobilus masculinus) and needle-valve body inner conical surface, is characterized in that, rotary main shaft mechanism (1) is connected with needle-valve (6) or tool-electrode (8), two cover frocks (9) and a set of line electrode wire feeder are arranged in work tank (5), the line electrode wire feeder is by wire motor (21), torque motor (22), wire electrode (23), directive wheel (25) and guide pad (24) form, line electrode wire feeder and needle-valve body (7) are separately fixed on two cover frocks (9), wire electrode (23) is on the line electrode wire feeder, wire motor (21) by wire electrode (23) successively with directive wheel (25), guide pad (24) is connected with torque motor (22), digital control system (4) is connected with the pulse power (3), when processing needle-valve (6) male cone (strobilus masculinus), the pulse power (3) positive pole connects needle-valve (6), negative pole connects guide pad (24), when machined needles valve body (7) inner conical surface, the pulse power (3) positive pole connects needle-valve body (7), negative pole bonding tool electrode (8).
CN201110303453.8A 2011-10-09 2011-10-09 Needle valve and precise tiny electric spark processing method for conical surfaces of needle valve body Expired - Fee Related CN102500850B (en)

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CN104551585A (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-04-29 丹阳市米可汽车零部件厂 Machining technique of hole of fuel injector
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