CN110181134A - A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110181134A CN110181134A CN201910515220.0A CN201910515220A CN110181134A CN 110181134 A CN110181134 A CN 110181134A CN 201910515220 A CN201910515220 A CN 201910515220A CN 110181134 A CN110181134 A CN 110181134A
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- pipe electrode
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- workpiece
- clamping
- electrode
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/10—Supply or regeneration of working media
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
- B23H11/003—Mounting of workpieces, e.g. working-tables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method, belong to special process field.It is characterized by: carrying out Fine and Deep Hole electric machining using the pipe electrode that side near processing end is provided with microcellular structure；Working solution brings out mouth from pipe electrode processing and processing end adjacent sidewalls microcellular structure sprays, and enters end face processing gap and side wall processing gap, realizes the regulation of process flow field；Using the angle between rotary index device adjustment pipe electrode, workpieces processing and horizontal plane, the regulation of process gravitational field is realized, change in processing gap and process product flow regime, promote processing product discharge in processing gap.The processing unit (plant) includes: connecting plate, feed arrangement, pipe electrode clamping and driving device, guiding device, pipe electrode, workpiece, chuck, workpiece rotation driving and clamping device, lathe base, machine pillar, rotary index device.The present invention to effectively promote processing gap in processing product discharge and guarantee that processing stability all has significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method, belong to special process field.
Background technique
Fine and Deep Hole is the extensive application on the kernel component in the fields such as aerospace, Precision Instrument and Machinery equipment
Important feature, such as the thin deep group hole on blade of aviation engine film cooling holes, the drawing pass of metal drawing die, tire-mold
And engine nozzle, it is all Fine and Deep Hole structure.These Fine and Deep Hole structure apertures are small (0.3~2mm of φ), aspect ratio it is big (40~
150), part material used is generally mostly difficult-to-machine material high-intensitive, that high rigidity and toughness are strong.
Deep hole machining is always technical problem, and the processing of especially big aspect ratio, high-precision and high-quality Fine and Deep Hole is especially tired
It is difficult.There are following difficult points for Fine and Deep Hole electric machining: process carries out in the space of relative closure, and gap is processed in process
The heat of interior generation and processing product discharge are more difficult；Since processed hole depth diameter is than big, big L/D ratio used in processing
Pipe electrode poor rigidity, is easy to produce vibration, and processed Fine and Deep Hole is easy deflection.
Therefore for solving big aspect ratio deep hole machining technical problem, realize that big aspect ratio Fine and Deep Hole high-precision, high-quality add
Tool has important theory significance and practical value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the comprehensive regulation effects by gravitational field and flow field, promote processing product to be discharged rapidly, to mention
The processing quality and precision of high Fine and Deep Hole electric machining propose a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device.
A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device, it is characterised in that machine pillar is installed on lathe base, rotary index device
It is installed on machine pillar, connecting plate is installed on rotary index device, and feed arrangement drives with workpiece rotation and clamping device
It is installed on connecting plate；In pipe electrode clamping and driving device and guiding device installation and feed arrangement；Pipe electrode is installed on pipe
In electrode clamping and driving device；Workpiece is installed on workpiece rotation driving and clamping device.Pipe electricity may be implemented in control system
The switch of pole rotation and feeding, the start and stop of working solution circulating system and processing power source；Feed arrangement drives pipe electrode to realize processing
Feeding；The quantity of guiding device on feed arrangement can be one or several, pipe electrode is by guiding device
Pilot hole further increases pipe electrode process stability.
A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device, it is characterised in that by changing the angle of rotary index device, adjust pipe electrode
And the angle between workpiece and horizontal plane, realize process in gravitational field regulation, promote processing gap in process product from
It processes in gap and is discharged.
A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device, it is characterised in that processing power source used can be electricity according to process requirements
Spark processing power source, or made of Electrolyzed Processing power supply or electrical discharge machining pulse power and Electrolyzed Processing power source combination
Dual power supply.When being processed, it can drive workpiece rotation with clamping device by workpiece rotation driving, pipe electricity can also be passed through
Pole clamping with driving device drive pipe electrode rotation, can also realize workpiece rotation driving with clamping device drive workpiece rotation with
Pipe electrode clamping drives pipe electrode to rotate simultaneously with driving device, can also realize that workpiece rotation, pipe electrode do not rotate, Huo Zhegong
Part does not rotate, pipe electrode rotates.Workpiece and pipe electrode can also carry out workpiece and pipe electrode counter-rotating with rotating Vortex,
Or workpiece and pipe electrode do not rotate.
Advantages of the present invention effect is as follows:
1. because using processing end side wall, there are also the pipe electrodes of microcellular structure to carry out Fine and Deep Hole electric machining, and processing end side wall is micro-
The working solution that hole sprays interacts with processing gap side processing gap, carries out flow field regulation to processing end, constitutes pipe
The flexible support at electrode machining end improves pipe electrode rigidity, guarantees that processing is stablized and carries out.
2. carry out electric machining, it can be driven by workpiece rotation and drive workpiece rotation with clamping device, pipe electricity can also be passed through
Pole clamping with driving device drive pipe electrode rotation, can also realize workpiece rotation driving with clamping device drive workpiece rotation with
Pipe electrode clamping drives pipe electrode to rotate simultaneously with driving device, can also realize that workpiece rotation, pipe electrode do not rotate, Huo Zhegong
Part does not rotate, pipe electrode rotates.Workpiece and pipe electrode can also carry out workpiece and pipe electrode counter-rotating with rotating Vortex,
Or workpiece and pipe electrode do not rotate.
3. adjusting the angle between pipe electrode and workpiece and horizontal plane by the angle for changing rotary index device, processing is realized
Gravitational field regulation in the process promotes processing product in processing gap to be discharged out of processing gap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of signal of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device, (1) lathe base；(2) machine pillar；(3) rotary index fills
It sets；(4) connecting plate；(5) feed arrangement；(6) pipe electrode clamping and driving device；(7) guiding device；(8) pipe electrode；(9) work
Part；(10) workpiece rotation driving and clamping device；(11) control system；(12) working solution circulating system；(13) processing power source.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of lateral opening hole pipe electrode.
Fig. 3 is the machining state schematic diagram of pipe electrode and workpiece in different angle, wherein (a) and (b) is that pipe electrode is in perpendicular
Histogram to when machining state figure；(c) machining state figure when being horizontally oriented for pipe electrode；(d) inclination angle is in for pipe electrode
Machining state figure when spending.
Specific embodiment
It is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining schematic device, the pipe electrode clamping is installed with driving device (6)
In on feed arrangement (5), feed arrangement (5) is connected with control system (11), is responsible for the feed motion of pipe electrode (8), and manages
Electrode (8) is installed on pipe electrode clamping and driving device (6), in this way, passing through feed arrangement (5) and pipe electrode clamping and driving
The rotation that pipe electrode (8) may be implemented in device (6) perhaps feeds or the rotation of pipe electrode (8) and feed motion while carrying out.
Pipe electrode clamping is connected with driving device (6) same to working solution circulating system (12) and control system (11), working solution cyclic system
System (12) provides high-pressure work liquid, guarantees that working solution and processing product can smoothly flow out workpiece (9) and process port.Thus into
One step guarantees the stability during pipe electrode (8) feeding.The one or more guiding devices (7) wherein installed, can be with
It is further ensured that straightness of the pipe electrode (8) during realizing feeding, pipe electrode (8) processing stability is played important
Effect.When processing, pipe electrode (8) is fixed by adjusting rotary index device (3) while constantly carrying out Fine and Deep Hole electric machining
In a certain angle, other devices being mounted on connecting plate (4) also can occur to turn as rotary index device (3) rotate
Dynamic, when rotating to different angle by studying rotary index device (3), using the effect of gravitational field, connecting plate (4) is rotated to not
It will more easily be discharged from the gap of pipe electrode (8) and workpiece (9) with working solution when angle, more easily be arranged to reach
The purpose of bits.Therefore, the mesh of the Fine and Deep Hole electric machining to workpiece (9) not only may be implemented in a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device
, while the purpose for promoting chip removal when pipe electrode (8) processing can also be played.When being processed, it can driven by workpiece rotation
It is dynamic to drive workpiece rotation with clamping device, it can also be clamped by pipe electrode and drive pipe electrode rotation with driving device, it can be with
Realize that workpiece rotation driving drives workpiece rotation to clamp with pipe electrode and drives pipe electrode to revolve simultaneously with driving device with clamping device
Turn, can also realize that workpiece rotation, pipe electrode do not rotate or workpiece does not rotate, pipe electrode rotates.Workpiece and pipe electrode can be with
Rotating Vortex, can also carry out workpiece and pipe electrode counter-rotating or workpiece and pipe electrode does not rotate.
As shown in Fig. 2, working solution is in pipe when processing end side wall carries out Fine and Deep Hole electric machining there are also the pipe electrode of microcellular structure
It flows downward in electrode, exports from pipe electrode lower end surface and spray outward, carry out corresponding Electrolyzed Processing, electrical discharge machining and electrolysis
Electric spark Compound Machining micro hole.The working solution and processing gap side processing gap for processing the ejection of end sidewall pores occur mutually
Effect carries out flow field regulation to processing end, constitutes the flexible support at pipe electrode processing end, ensure that straightness, improves pipe electrode
Rigidity guarantees that progress is stablized in processing.
As shown in figure 3, the workpiece and workpiece rotation driving and clamping device are in the rotation with the rotary index device
And when rotating, pipe electrode and workpiece can the machining state schematic diagram of pipe electrode and workpiece in different angle.It is horizontal near end face
Be equipped on section micro hole pipe electrode processing when, working solution flows downward in pipe electrode, from pipe electrode lower end surface export to
Outer ejection, part working solution are sprayed from pipe electrode lateral aperture or side hole array, the work that lateral aperture or side hole array spray
Liquid line is had an effect with micro hole inner wall, is constrained the formation of pipe electrode lower end surface, to constitute to pipe electrode lower end surface soft
Property support.Pipe electrode upper surface retaining part acts on simultaneously with lower end surface flexible support, is capable of increasing pipe electrode electric machining process
In rigidity, reduce process in pipe electrode and processed hole inner wall contact short circuit number, reduction pipe electrode process
In loss, and improve processing stability, guarantee to stablize processing.When pipe electrode is in (a) figure, when being normal electric machining state
The effect of state, working solution gravity has certain obstruction to influence processing chip removal；When pipe electrode is in (b) figure, working solution is certainly
The gravity experienced can play the role of electric machining chip removal maximum, can greatly improve the chip removal energy of electric machining in this way
Power more effectively washes away processing bit and guarantees the accuracy of form and position, surface quality, the stability of processing of the process；When
When pipe electrode is in (c) figure, what the effect of working solution gravity, which will not generate to processing chip removal substantially, influences；At pipe electrode
(d) when figure, due to the effect by working solution gravity, working solution can be helped to be more easier electric machining chip removal.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method, including lathe base (1), machine pillar (2), rotary index device (3),
Connecting plate (4), feed arrangement (5), pipe electrode clamping with driving device (6), guiding device (7), pipe electrode (8), workpiece (9),
Workpiece rotation driving and clamping device (10), control system (11), working solution circulating system (12), processing power source (13).
2. according to claim 1 characterized by comprising lathe base (1)；Machine pillar (2) is used for and lathe base (1)
Connection；Rotary index device (3), for being connect with machine pillar (2)；Connecting plate (4), for connecting with rotary index device (3)
It connects；Feed arrangement (5), for being connect with connecting plate (4)；Pipe electrode clamping and driving device (6), are used for and feed arrangement (5)
Connection；Guiding device (7) is connect for clamping with pipe electrode with driving device (6)；Pipe electrode (8), is used for and guiding device
(7) it connects；Workpiece (9), for being connect with pipe electrode (8)；Workpiece rotation driving and clamping device (10), are used for and workpiece (9)
Connection；Control system (11) is connect for driving with workpiece rotation with clamping device (10)；Working solution circulating system (12) is used
It is connect in control system (11)；Processing power source (13), for being connect with working solution circulating system (12).
3. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that realize that pipe electrode rotation and feeding, working solution recycle by control system (11)
The start and stop of system (12) and the switch of processing power source (13).
According to claim 1, including guiding device (7) 4.；It is characterized in that being installed on the guiding device on feed arrangement (5)
(7) quantity can be one or several, the pipe electrode (8) is further mentioned by the pilot hole in guiding device (7)
High pipe electrode (8) the process stability.
According to claim 1, including rotary index device (3) 5.；It is characterized in that being adjusted by adjusting rotary index device (3)
Angle between homogeneous tube electrode (8) and workpiece (9) and horizontal plane is realized the gravitational field regulation in process, is promoted between processing
Processing product is discharged out of processing gap in gap.
6. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that using processing end side wall, there are also the pipe electrode of microcellular structure (8) to carry out Fine and Deep Hole
Electric machining, the working solution that processing end sidewall pores spray interact with processing gap side processing gap, to processing end
Flow field regulation is carried out, the flexible support at pipe electrode (8) processing end is constituted, improves pipe electrode rigidity, guarantees that processing is stablized and carries out.
7. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that processing power source (13) used can be able to be electric spark according to process requirements
Processing power source, or double electricity made of Electrolyzed Processing power supply or electrical discharge machining pulse power and Electrolyzed Processing power source combination
Source.
According to claim 1, including feed arrangement (5) 8.；Add it is characterized in that feed arrangement (5) drives pipe electrode (8) to realize
Work feeding.
9. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when being processed, it can pass through workpiece rotation driving and clamping device (10)
Workpiece (9) rotation is driven, can also be clamped by pipe electrode and drive pipe electrode (8) rotation with driving device (6), can also realized
Workpiece rotation driving drives workpiece (9) rotation to drive pipe electrode with driving device (6) with pipe electrode clamping with clamping device (10)
(8) it rotates simultaneously, can also realize that workpiece (9) rotate, pipe electrode (8) does not rotate or workpiece (9) does not rotate, pipe electrode (8)
Rotation.
10. according to claim 1, workpiece (9) and pipe electrode (8) can also carry out workpiece (9) and pipe electrode with rotating Vortex
(8) counter-rotating or workpiece (9) are not rotated with pipe electrode (8).
11. utilizing a kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining device described in claim 1, method characteristic includes following procedure: when processing,
According to processed Fine and Deep Hole diameter and depth, selection processing pipe electrode；Processing needed for processing is set by control system (11)
Parameter；Adjust rotary index device (3) operating angle；Start work liquid circulating device (12)；It connects processing power source (13)；Control
System (11) control pipe electrode feed speed and working flexibility power processed, carry out Fine and Deep Hole electric machining.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910515220.0A CN110181134A (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910515220.0A CN110181134A (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110181134A true CN110181134A (en) | 2019-08-30 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910515220.0A Pending CN110181134A (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | A kind of Fine and Deep Hole electric machining apparatus and method |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110722233A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Device and method for determining capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position |
| CN111715952A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-29 | 西安工业大学 | Rotary tool electrode for large length-diameter ratio special-shaped hole electric melting explosion machining |
| CN113118573A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for machining deep and narrow groove by electrolytic milling of tube electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110722233A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Device and method for determining capillary electrode electro-hydraulic beam machining initial position |
| CN111715952A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-29 | 西安工业大学 | Rotary tool electrode for large length-diameter ratio special-shaped hole electric melting explosion machining |
| CN111715952B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-06-24 | 西安工业大学 | Rotary tool electrode for large length-diameter ratio special-shaped hole electric melting explosion machining |
| CN113118573A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for machining deep and narrow groove by electrolytic milling of tube electrode |
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Application publication date: 20190830 |