CN111386795A - Method for interplanting konjak under walnut forest - Google Patents
Method for interplanting konjak under walnut forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN111386795A CN111386795A CN202010393825.XA CN202010393825A CN111386795A CN 111386795 A CN111386795 A CN 111386795A CN 202010393825 A CN202010393825 A CN 202010393825A CN 111386795 A CN111386795 A CN 111386795A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/82—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with three ring hetero atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The scheme discloses a method for interplanting konjak under walnut forest, which belongs to the technical field of interplanting and comprises the following steps: firstly, ploughing a land block under a walnut forest, carrying out furrow plowing, and drying soil in the sun; making ridge compartments under the walnut forest in a width specification of 1-1.5 m, wherein the height of each ridge compartment is 35-40 cm; then digging planting holes on the ridge compartment; soaking the konjac seeds by using a broad-spectrum bactericide, and airing for 1-2 days after soaking; thirdly, performing secondary sterilization and feeding on the konjac by using a feeding machine; and step four, after covering soil on the konjak seeds, performing daily water and fertilizer management and pest control on the konjak seeds by adopting a conventional mode. This application has realized disinfecting and throwing the material to the secondary of konjaku seed through the feeder, disinfects through the secondary for the konjaku seed does not contact human and other external objects when disinfecting and entering into the plant hole at the secondary for konjaku seed surface clad's medicine is more.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of interplanting, and particularly relates to a method for interplanting konjak in a walnut forest.
Background
Rhizoma Amorphophalli is a perennial herb of Amorphophallus of Araceae, also called rhizoma Amorphophalli, head, rhizoma Bidentis Bipinnatae, radix seu caulis Kadsurae Heteroclitae and radix Damnacanthi. The chromium in the konjak can delay the absorption of glucose, and has multiple functions of reducing blood fat, reducing blood sugar, preventing cancer, relaxing the bowels and the like. The glucomannan in rhizoma Amorphophalli can absorb cholesterol and bile acid, and has effects in lowering blood pressure and reducing cardiovascular diseases.
Konjak belongs to a shady plant, leaves are easily burnt by long-time sunshine, and plant diseases and insect pests are caused, so that the yield is reduced. Therefore, the konjak is interplanted with other high-shade plants, so that the land utilization rate is increased, and the yield of the konjak can be obviously reduced. In addition, in the growth process of the konjak, the soft rot is one of the important factors causing the yield reduction of the konjak, the soft rot is mainly caused by two aspects, firstly, the konjak seeds carry the soft rot pathogen, so that the konjak carries the pathogen in the subsequent growth process from planting, and the soft rot of the konjak is triggered at variable time. Secondly, the konjak is damaged in the growth process, and the damaged part is infected with soft rot germs, so that the soft rot of the konjak is caused.
In view of the above situation, patent publication No. CN105532345A discloses a cultivation method for intercropping walnuts and konjac; the konjak seeds are disinfected before the konjak seeds are planted, so that the occurrence of the situation that soft rot germs remain in the konjak seeds is greatly reduced; in addition, the konjak is planted in the walnut forest, and the occurrence of the soft rot of the konjak is effectively inhibited through the antibiotic substances generated by the root system and leaves of the walnut tree.
The application document uses thiabendazole copper emulsion, carbendazim, Bordeaux mixture and the like to control soft rot germs of konjak as in the prior art; the streptomycin sulfate and the thiediazole copper emulsion belong to toxic chemical substances, and the konjak is soaked by the two medicines and then generally planted directly or planted after being dried; however, in either case, there are the following problems: 1. after the konjak is soaked by the medicine, soft rot germs in the konjak are not completely killed, so that part of the soft rot germs are remained in konjak seeds, and the disease of the konjak can be caused from seedling raising to a subsequent growth stage at any time. 2. The konjak seeds soaked by the medicine are in contact with external equipment or a human body in the transportation or planting process and are rubbed with each other, so that the medicine on the surfaces of the konjak seeds is removed, the konjak seeds lose the protection of the medicine, after the konjak seeds are planted, the konjak seeds are in contact with soil, and germs in the soil can directly act on the konjak, so that adverse effects are caused on the konjak seeds in the very critical seedling raising period of the konjak growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for interplanting konjak in a walnut forest, which reduces the occurrence of soft rot in the growth process of konjak by keeping a soft rot resistant medicine of konjak seeds during planting.
The method for interplanting konjak in the walnut forest comprises the following steps:
firstly, ploughing a land block under a walnut forest, carrying out furrow plowing, and drying soil in the sun; making ridge compartments under the walnut forest in a width specification of 1-1.5 m, wherein the height of each ridge compartment is 35-40 cm; then digging planting holes on the ridge compartment;
soaking the konjac seeds by using a broad-spectrum bactericide, and airing for 1-2 days after soaking;
thirdly, planting the konjak by using a batch feeder; the feeding machine comprises a support, sterilizing equipment and a material guide channel, the sterilizing equipment is fixedly connected to the support, the sterilizing equipment comprises a sterilizing chamber and a material guide device, a material outlet is formed in the wall body of the sterilizing chamber, the material guide channel is communicated with the material outlet, the material guide device comprises a lifting mechanism and a material guide plate, liquid leakage holes are uniformly distributed in the material guide plate, one end of the material guide plate is rotatably connected to the material outlet, and the bottom of the other end of the material guide plate abuts against the lifting end of the lifting mechanism;
the specific mode of using the batch feeder to plant the konjak is as follows: preparing a sterilization medicine for inhibiting soft rot, pouring the sterilization medicine into a sterilization chamber of a feeding machine, placing the konjak seeds aired in the step two into the sterilization medicine in the sterilization chamber for secondary sterilization, starting a lifting device after the konjak seeds are placed in the sterilization chamber, driving a material guide plate to rotate by the lifting device, driving the konjak seeds to roll in the sterilization medicine in the rotation process of the material guide plate, and enabling the konjak seeds to fall into planting holes from a discharge port through a material guide channel; after the konjak seeds fall into the planting holes, applying base fertilizer to the konjak seeds and covering soil;
and step four, after covering soil on the konjak seeds, performing daily water and fertilizer management and pest control on the konjak seeds by adopting a conventional mode.
The beneficial effect of this scheme: this scheme uses batch feeder to carry out the secondary to the konjaku seed and disinfect and throw the material, drives the stock guide through elevating gear and rotates, because the stock guide rotates, the konjaku seed can roll on the stock guide under self gravity to make its soaking in the medicine that disinfects more thoroughly. After the konjak seeds are soaked in the sterilization medicine, when one end of the material guide plate, which is far away from the material guide channel, is higher than the material outlet, the konjak seeds after secondary sterilization roll to the material outlet from the material guide plate and enter the planting holes through the material guide channel. Through secondary sterilization, the konjak seeds are prevented from contacting with other objects outside when being sterilized for the second time and entering the planting holes, so that more medicines are coated on the surfaces of the konjak seeds. After the konjak seeds enter the planting holes, the medicine on the surfaces of the konjak seeds can realize the isolation effect between the konjak seeds and the soil. The medicine on the surface of the konjac seeds can further kill soft rot germs in the konjac seeds, can also inhibit external germs contacting the konjac seeds, and can obviously reduce the probability of soft rot generation of the konjac during seedling culture and subsequent growth.
In addition, because the konjak is interplanted with the walnut, the antibiotic substances generated by the walnut can also effectively inhibit the germs of the soft rot of the konjak, thereby obviously reducing the occurrence of the soft rot of the konjak and improving the yield of the konjak.
Further, the bactericidal medicine in the third step is a mixed aqueous solution of the Oncorhyacin, the dacron and the Thiediazole copper emulsion. The emulsion of Ouzhijing, dacron and Thiediazole has good adhesiveness, can be adhered to the surface of the konjak seeds for a long time, further has longer protection time for the konjak seeds, and is more beneficial to the growth of the konjak.
Further, the Europe killing amount in the mixed water solution is 200-250 times of diluent, the dacron water solution is 500-550 times of diluent, and the thiabendazole copper emulsion is 450-550 times of diluent. The sterilization medicine with the proportion can well inhibit the soft rot of the konjak.
Furthermore, the bottom of the support is provided with a travelling wheel. Through the setting of walking wheel, the removal of the feeder of being convenient for reduces operator's working strength.
Further, be equipped with the storage case that is used for placing the konjaku seed on the support. Through the setting of storage case, be convenient for realize depositing to a large amount of nothing, when using the feeder to carry out the planting of konjaku, do not need extra konjaku seed storage device, it is more convenient to use.
Further, the sterilizing chamber is located in the storage box, a taking and placing opening for taking and placing konjak seeds into the sterilizing chamber is formed in the wall body of the storage box, a partition plate is arranged in the storage box, and the partition plate is located above the sterilizing chamber. The sterilizing chamber is arranged in the material storage box, so that the whole volume of the batch feeder can be reduced, and the use is more convenient. Through the setting of getting to put the mouth, can take the back with the konjaku seed of baffle top, place the sterilizing chamber through getting to put the mouth.
Further, the lifting device comprises a motor, a cam and a lifting rod; the motor is fixedly connected to the support, the cam is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor, one end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the material guide plate, and the other end of the lifting rod penetrates through the bottom of the sterilizing chamber and abuts against the outer edge of the cam. The closed sliding connection of lifter is in the bottom of retort room, and the motor drives the cam and rotates, because the outer fringe and the lifter of cam support and hold to drive the lifter and go up and down, the lifter goes up and down to drive the stock guide rotation, drives the konjaku seed and rolls when the stock guide rotates.
Furthermore, the support is also provided with pit digging equipment, and the pit digging equipment comprises a placing box, a spiral drill bit and an adjusting device positioned in the placing box; the adjusting device comprises an adjusting frame, a sector gear and a rotating rod, the adjusting frame is vertically connected to the inner wall of the mounting box in a sliding mode, two rows of meshing tooth groups are arranged on the adjusting frame, the sector gear is located between the two rows of meshing tooth groups, and the meshing tooth groups comprise a plurality of meshing teeth which are arranged from top to bottom and are meshed with the sector gear; the sector gear is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a wall body of the accommodating box, and the rotating shaft is connected with a power source for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner upper wall of the accommodating box; the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a turbine and a driven gear, and the rotating shaft is provided with spiral teeth meshed with the turbine; the spiral bit is rotationally connected to the adjusting frame, gear teeth meshed with the driven gear are arranged on the spiral bit, and the spiral bit penetrates through the support.
Most Guizhou terrains are mountainous regions, the planting area of most walnut trees is small, the existing Daxing earth boring machines are difficult to be used in the same line, and the working intensity of operators is too high by using the portable earth boring machines; therefore, the common konjac planting hole adopts a manual digging mode, and the depth consistency of the planting hole is difficult to ensure by manual digging; by arranging the pit digging equipment on the bracket, the problem can be well solved. During the use, drive the pivot through the power supply and rotate, the power supply can set up other motors alone, also can use the motor of drive cam, and the motor of preferred drive cam links the output shaft and the pivot of motor through the belt can. The rotating shaft drives the sector gear, the turbine, the rotating rod, the driven gear and the spiral drill bit to rotate after rotating; the sector gear drives the adjusting frame to lift in the vertical direction when rotating, and then drives the spiral drill to lift. Meanwhile, the driven gear is meshed with the gear teeth on the auger bit, and the auger bit is driven to rotate by the rotation of the driven gear, so that the planting hole is excavated. Because the lifting heights of the adjusting frames are consistent, the depth of the excavated planting hole can be ensured to be consistent, and the problem of high working strength of artificial excavation of the planting hole is also solved.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the placing box is provided with a sliding groove, the outer wall of the adjusting frame is fixed with a sliding block, and the adjusting frame is connected in the sliding groove through the sliding block in a sliding mode. Through the setting of spout and slider for the lift process of adjusting the frame is more steady.
Further, a sleeve is fixed at the bottom end of the adjusting frame, and the spiral drill bit is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame through the sleeve. Through telescopic setting, rotate the one end that sets up the teeth of a cogwheel with auger bit and connect in the sleeve, again with sleeve fixed connection on adjusting the frame, more be favorable to reducing auger bit and dig the harm to adjusting the frame of planting the plant hole in-process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view in a main view direction of a batch feeder in a method for interplanting konjak under a walnut forest in embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 2 is a partial sectional view in the front view direction of a batch feeder in the method for interplanting konjak in a walnut forest in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a travelling wheel 1, a support 2, a support plate 3, a material guide pipe 4, a handle 5, a cam 6, a butting block 7, a spring 8, a bottom plate 9, a side plate 10, a lifting rod 11, a pick-and-place opening 12, a material guide plate 13, a material storage box 14, a partition plate 15, a belt 16, a spiral sheet 17, a spiral drill bit 18, a driven gear 19, gear teeth 20, a sleeve 21, an adjusting frame 22, a tooth 23, a turbine 24, a sector gear 25, a slide block 26, a sliding groove 27, a rotating rod 28 and a box cover 29.
Example 1 is substantially as shown in figure 1: the feeding machine comprises a support 2, a material storage box 14, sterilizing equipment and a material guide channel, wherein the material guide channel is a material guide pipe 4, and a support plate 3 for supporting the material guide pipe 4 is arranged on the support 2; the material storage box 14 is fixedly connected to the support 2, four travelling wheels 1 are arranged at the bottom of the support 2, and a handle 5 is further arranged on the support 2; the sterilization equipment comprises a sterilization chamber and a material guide device, wherein the sterilization chamber is positioned in a material storage box 14, a partition plate 15 is arranged in the material storage box 14, the partition plate 15 is positioned above the sterilization chamber, a taking and placing port 12 for taking and placing konjak seeds into and out of the sterilization chamber is arranged on the wall body of the material storage box 14, the sterilization chamber comprises a bottom plate 9 and a side plate 10 (the side plate 10 in the embodiment 1 is only one, and the other three sides of the bottom plate 9 are in airtight contact with the inner wall of the material storage box 14 to realize the integral airtightness of the sterilization chamber; but the mode that four side plates 10 and the bottom plate 9 are arranged externally can also be directly adopted), a discharge port for the konjak seeds to pass through is arranged between the side plate 10 and the partition plate 15, and the; a gap for konjak seeds to pass through is formed between the discharge port and the inner wall of the storage box 14, a through hole is formed in the bottom plate 9, and the material guide pipe 4 is bonded to the through hole and is communicated with the discharge port; one end of the material guide pipe 4 far away from the discharge hole is bonded on the supporting plate 3, and the outlet is positioned at one side close to the handle 5;
the material guide device comprises a lifting mechanism and a material guide plate 13, liquid leakage holes are uniformly distributed on the material guide plate 13, and one end of the material guide plate 13 is rotatably connected to the top end of the side plate 10; the lifting device comprises a motor, a cam 6 and a lifting rod 11; the motor is fixedly connected to the support 2, an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the material storage box 14 and is positioned below the bottom plate 9, the cam 6 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, one end of the lifting rod 11 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the material guide plate 13, the other end of the lifting rod 11 penetrates through the bottom plate 9 of the sterilizing chamber, one end, far away from the material guide plate 13, of the lifting rod 11 is fixedly provided with the abutting block 7, the lifting rod 11 is sleeved with the spring 8, and the spring 8 is positioned between the bottom plate 9 and the lifting rod 11; the abutting block 7 abuts against the outer edge of the cam 6.
The batch feeder of example 2 is substantially as shown in figure 2: it differs from example 1 only in that: the support 2 is also provided with pit digging equipment, and the pit digging equipment comprises a placing box, a spiral drill bit 18 and an adjusting device positioned in the placing box; the placing box comprises a box body and a box cover 29 detachably connected to the box body, the adjusting device comprises an adjusting frame 22, a sector gear 25 and a rotating rod 28, two sliding grooves 27 are formed in the vertical direction of the inner wall of the box body, two sliding blocks 26 are fixed on the outer wall of the adjusting frame 22, the two sliding blocks 26 are located on two opposite sides of the adjusting frame 22, and the adjusting frame 22 is slidably connected into the sliding grooves 27 through the sliding blocks 26; the bottom end of the adjusting frame 22 is fixed with a sleeve 21, two rows of engaging teeth 23 are arranged on the adjusting frame 22, the sector gear 25 is positioned between the two rows of engaging teeth 23, and the engaging teeth 23 comprise a plurality of engaging teeth 23 which are arranged from top to bottom and are engaged with the sector gear 25; the sector gear 25 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the wall body of the box body, and the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor through a belt 16; the rotating rod 28 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the box cover 29 through a bearing; the rotating rod 28 is fixedly connected with a turbine 24 and a driven gear 19, and the rotating shaft is provided with spiral teeth meshed with the turbine 24; the auger bit 18 is rotatably connected in the sleeve 21, the auger bit 18 is provided with gear teeth 20 engaged with the driven gear 19, the gear teeth 20 extend along the length direction of the auger bit 18, the auger bit 18 penetrates through the support 2, and the spiral blade 17 of the auger bit 18 is positioned below the support 2.
In order to improve the convenience of the feeder in use, the feeder can be additionally provided with a driving motor, and the driving motor drives the travelling wheels 1 to rotate, so that the feeder is electrically driven to move; avoid the manual work to promote its walking. The driving motor drives the walking wheels 1 to rotate, the walking wheels 1 can be connected through a shaft, and the shaft drives the walking wheels to rotate through the driving motor; since this method belongs to the conventional technical means, it is not described herein in detail.
Since the batch feeder in example 1 and example 2 are used only differently in whether or not a plant hole is dug, the plant hole needs to be dug in advance by using the batch feeder in example 1, and the plant hole can be dug by using the batch feeder in example 2. In the subsequent embodiment, the batch feeder used in the method for interplanting konjak under walnut trees is selected from the batch feeder of the embodiment 2.
Example 3: the method for interplanting konjak in walnut forest comprises the following steps:
turning the walnut forest land blocks in 2-3 months, wherein the turning depth is 30-40 cm; ploughing, drying the thin upturned soil for 3-4 days; making ridge compartments under the walnut forest in a width specification of 1-1.5 m, wherein the height of each ridge compartment is 35-40 cm, and the width of a ditch between the ridge compartments is 30-35 cm;
soaking the konjac seeds by using a broad-spectrum bactericide, and airing for 1-2 days after soaking;
selecting a single seed of amorphophallus konjac with a weight of 15-25 g and no disease or injury as the seed of amorphophallus konjac, and soaking and sterilizing the seed of amorphophallus konjac by using 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 30-35 min; soaking rhizoma Amorphophalli seed, and air drying for 2 d;
and step three, planting the konjak by using a feeding machine, specifically, placing the dried konjak seeds in the step two into a storage box 14 and above a partition plate 15, preparing a sterilization medicine for inhibiting soft rot, wherein the sterilization medicine is a mixed aqueous solution of Ou killing, Dakeling essence and a Thiobism copper emulsion, the Ou killing amount of the mixed aqueous solution is 200-250 times of a diluent, the Dakeling essence aqueous solution is 500-550 times of the diluent, the Thiobism copper emulsion is 450-550 times of the diluent, then pouring the mixed aqueous solution into a sterilization chamber of the feeding machine, Ou killing adopts Wanqiang/tuber root (Ou killing), Dakeling essence adopts SDS B L OTECHK. K. the produced Dacron essence bactericide, starting a motor, driving a spiral drill bit 18 to dig a planting hole, simultaneously, taking out the konjak seeds from a storage box 14, placing the konjak seeds into the medicine in the sterilization chamber for secondary sterilization, placing the konjak seeds into a sterilization chamber, driving a screw drill bit 18 to dig the planting hole, driving a screw drill bit to dig the planting hole, and a seedling growing hole, wherein the screw drill bit is used for digging hole, the konjak seeds, the seedling hole, the seedling fertilizer is used for transplanting the konjak seeds, the seedling fertilizer is used for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer is used for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer is used for transplanting the seedling fertilizer for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer for transplanting is used for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer for transplanting is used for transplanting, the seedling fertilizer for transplanting is used for transplanting of the seedling fertilizer for transplanting of the seedling fertilizer for the konjak seeds of the konjak, the seedling fertilizer for the.
And step four, after covering soil on the konjak seeds, performing daily water management and pest control on the konjak seeds in a conventional mode, and harvesting the konjak seeds after pouring the seedlings for 8-15 d in 11 months.
Example 4 differs from example 3 only in that: when the planting hole is dug, manual digging is adopted.
Example 5 differs from example 3 only in that: the secondary bactericidal medicine is 450-550 times of diluent of the thiabendazole copper emulsion.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 3 only in that: only konjak and not walnut are planted.
Comparative example 2 differs from example 3 only in that: only walnut and no konjak are planted.
Comparative example 3 walnut planting was carried out in the manner disclosed in patent example publication No. CN105532345A without walnut forest; the konjak planted per mu is the same as that in example 3.
Comparative example 4 intercropping of walnuts and konjac was carried out in the manner disclosed in patent example publication No. CN 105532345A. The konjak planted per mu is the same as that in example 3.
The walnut forest in the embodiment of the application is a five-year-old walnut forest, and the walnut planting density is kept consistent.
The applicant plants in the plateau town of Zunyi city in Guizhou province in 2019 in the manners of examples 3-5 and comparative examples 1-4, and counts the harvest amount of the plants in each example and the incidence rate of soft rot of konjak plants after annual bottom harvest, and the statistical results are shown in the following table 1. In addition, in order to improve the reliability of experimental data, during planting, the water and fertilizer management and the subsequent pest control of the embodiments 3-5 and the comparative examples 1-4 are kept consistent, each embodiment adopts 3 control groups, each control group occupies 0.5 mu of land, planting fields of different embodiments are crossed (the planting fields of the 3 control groups of each embodiment are not adjacent), and the difference caused by soil factors is reduced; the final result was taken as the average of 3 control groups; since the difference in the yield and/or incidence of soft rot in the 3 control groups of each example was within 1%, the difference due to soil or thought factors was negligible.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Walnut output (kg/mu) | Konjak output (kg/mu) | Incidence rate of soft rot of konjak (%) |
| Example 3 | 226 | 1986 | 10 |
| Example 4 | 218 | 1832 | 11 |
| Example 5 | 223 | 1762 | 15 |
| Comparative example 1 | / | 1536 | 19 |
| Comparative example 2 | 163 | / | / |
| Comparative example 3 | / | 1432 | 25 |
| Comparative example 4 | 232 | 1657 | 18 |
In table 1, the walnuts are dry walnuts.
From examples 3-5, it can be seen that the yield of the konjac is low due to the adoption of the mode of manually digging the planting hole, the main reason is that the depth of the planting hole is difficult to ensure due to the manual digging of the planting hole, the root system of the konjac is short, the normal growth of the konjac is easily influenced due to the unqualified depth of the planting hole, and further the yield is reduced. And the secondary bactericidal medicine uses 450-550 times of diluent of the thiabendazole copper emulsion, and compared with the bactericidal medicine combining the Ou killing and the dacron, the secondary bactericidal medicine has obviously reduced inhibition effect on soft rot of the konjak, so that the incidence rate of the soft rot of the konjak in the later period is increased.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 3 both have no walnut tree, while comparative example 1 has a significantly higher yield than comparative example 3 and the incidence of soft rot is significantly reduced; the method proves that the secondary sterilization of the konjac before planting has a better effect of inhibiting soft rot.
Compared with the comparative example 2 and the example 3, the yield of the walnuts in the example 3 is obviously improved, which shows that the yield of the walnuts can be obviously improved by interplanting konjak and walnut trees. In comparative example 1, compared with example 3, the yield is not greatly improved in example 3, and the incidence rate of the non-soft rot is greatly reduced, which shows that the yield can be remarkably improved by interplanting konjak and walnut.
Compared with the comparative example 4, the walnut yield of the example 3 is almost the same, the konjak yield of the example 3 is obviously better than that of the comparative example 4, in addition, the soft rot-free rate of the example 3 is also obviously lower than that of the comparative example 4, and the digging of the planting hole by using the batch feeder and the subsequent secondary sterilization and batch feeding of the konjak seeds are beneficial to reducing the soft rot incidence rate of the konjak and improving the konjak yield.
Claims (10)
1. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forest comprises the following steps:
firstly, ploughing a land block under a walnut forest, carrying out furrow plowing, and drying soil in the sun; making ridge compartments under the walnut forest in a width specification of 1-1.5 m, wherein the height of each ridge compartment is 35-40 cm; then digging planting holes on the ridge compartment;
soaking the konjac seeds by using a broad-spectrum bactericide, and airing for 1-2 days after soaking;
the method is characterized in that:
thirdly, planting the konjak by using a batch feeder; the feeding machine comprises a support, sterilizing equipment and a material guide channel, the sterilizing equipment is fixedly connected to the support, the sterilizing equipment comprises a sterilizing chamber and a material guide device, a material outlet is formed in the wall body of the sterilizing chamber, the material guide channel is communicated with the material outlet, the material guide device comprises a lifting mechanism and a material guide plate, liquid leakage holes are uniformly distributed in the material guide plate, one end of the material guide plate is rotatably connected to the material outlet, and the bottom of the other end of the material guide plate abuts against the lifting end of the lifting mechanism;
the specific mode of using the batch feeder to plant the konjak is as follows: preparing a sterilization medicine for inhibiting soft rot, pouring the sterilization medicine into a sterilization chamber of a feeding machine, placing the konjak seeds aired in the step two into the sterilization medicine in the sterilization chamber for secondary sterilization, starting a lifting device after the konjak seeds are placed in the sterilization chamber, driving a material guide plate to ascend by the lifting device, driving the konjak seeds to roll in the sterilization medicine in the ascending process of the material guide plate, and enabling the konjak seeds to fall into planting holes from a discharge port through a material guide channel; after the konjak seeds fall into the planting holes, applying base fertilizer to the konjak seeds and covering soil;
and step four, after covering soil on the konjak seeds, performing daily water and fertilizer management and pest control on the konjak seeds by adopting a conventional mode.
2. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the sterilization medicine in the third step is a mixed water solution of Ouzhizoic, dacron and Thiodiazole copper emulsion.
3. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the mixed aqueous solution contains 200-250 times of the Europe killing solution, the Dakeling essence aqueous solution is 500-550 times of the Dakeling essence, and the Thiediazole copper emulsion is 450-550 times of the diluent.
4. The method for interplanting konjak in the walnut forest according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the bottom of the bracket is provided with a travelling wheel.
5. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: and the support is provided with a storage box for placing konjak seeds.
6. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the sterilizing chamber is positioned in the storage box, a taking and placing opening for taking and placing konjak seeds into the sterilizing chamber is arranged on the wall body of the storage box, a partition plate is arranged in the storage box, and the partition plate is positioned above the sterilizing chamber.
7. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a motor, a cam and a lifting rod; the motor is fixedly connected to the support, the cam is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor, one end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the material guide plate, and the other end of the lifting rod penetrates through the bottom of the sterilizing chamber and abuts against the outer edge of the cam.
8. The method for interplanting konjak in the walnut forest according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the support is also provided with pit digging equipment, and the pit digging equipment comprises a placing box, a spiral drill bit and an adjusting device positioned in the placing box; the adjusting device comprises an adjusting frame, a sector gear and a rotating rod, the adjusting frame is vertically connected to the inner wall of the mounting box in a sliding mode, two rows of meshing tooth groups are arranged on the adjusting frame, the sector gear is located between the two rows of meshing tooth groups, and the meshing tooth groups comprise a plurality of meshing teeth which are arranged from top to bottom and are meshed with the sector gear; the sector gear is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a wall body of the accommodating box, and the rotating shaft is connected with a power source for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner upper wall of the accommodating box; the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a turbine and a driven gear, and the rotating shaft is provided with spiral teeth meshed with the turbine; the spiral bit is rotationally connected to the adjusting frame, gear teeth meshed with the driven gear are arranged on the spiral bit, and the spiral bit penetrates through the support.
9. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: the inner wall of the placing box is provided with a sliding groove, the outer wall of the adjusting frame is fixed with a sliding block, and the adjusting frame is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode through the sliding block.
10. The method for interplanting konjak in walnut forests, as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: the bottom of adjusting the frame is fixed with the sleeve, the auger bit passes through the sleeve and rotates to be connected on adjusting the frame.
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