CN111376560B - 耐候建材膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

耐候建材膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111376560B
CN111376560B CN202010255731.6A CN202010255731A CN111376560B CN 111376560 B CN111376560 B CN 111376560B CN 202010255731 A CN202010255731 A CN 202010255731A CN 111376560 B CN111376560 B CN 111376560B
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陈礼烈
魏黎明
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Fujian Hongxiang Plastic Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐候建材膜及其制备方法,属于薄膜技术领域。本发明耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。本发明的耐候建材膜,其具有高强度膜面,具有优异的耐候耐老化耐黄变性能,透明性能优异,使用寿命长的耐候建材膜。

Description

耐候建材膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于薄膜技术领域,具体涉及一种耐候建材膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
常见的建材膜一般为建筑节能膜、安全防爆膜和室内装饰膜,不管是哪一种建材膜,一般都具备如下性能:使其具有保温、隔热、节能、防紫外线、美化外观、遮避私密、防爆、安全及防护等功能。而随着全球气候的变化,以及人们对建材膜性能的需求变化,传统的建材膜的粘性不强,导致使用寿命不长,且透明性能不高,强度低,已经无法满足如今人们对建材膜的需求。
综上所述,需要设计一种具有高强度膜面,具有优异的耐候耐黄变性能,透明性能优异,使用寿命长的耐候建材膜。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种具有高强度膜面,具有优异的耐候耐黄变性能,透明性能优异,使用寿命长的耐候建材膜。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。
进一步的,所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份、PVC69~83份、氧化钛8~12份、抗氧化剂6~8份、增透剂10~15份、稳定剂6~9份。
进一步的,所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份,PVC69~83份,氧化钛8~12份、增粘剂8~15份,抗氧化剂6~8份、增透剂10~15份和色料2~5份。
进一步的,所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份,PVC69~83份,氧化钛8~12份,增粘剂8~15份、抗氧化剂6~8份和增透剂10~15份,得中间层膜混合料。
进一步的,所述抗氧化剂为二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌或二烷基二苯胺中的任意一种。
进一步的,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,所述热稳定剂为SW-977硫醇甲基锡。
所述色料为分散紫色料、群青色料或硬脂酸钙中的至少一种,根据产品需求,有时候也可以使用炭墨作为色料。
进一步的,增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂或柠檬酸中的任意一种。
所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,得外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,得中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
进一步的,步骤一所述高速搅拌、步骤二所述高速搅拌和步骤三所述高速搅拌的速率均为720~850r/min,搅拌20~30min。
进一步的,步骤四所述熔融共挤成型时,主螺杆温度为129~135℃,挤出温度为120~138℃,轧轮机温度为72~78℃,主螺杆速度为42~47m/min,供料螺杆速度20~25m/min,轧轮机速度35~40m/min。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
第一、本发明耐候建材膜具有外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜,通过三层共挤成型工艺,使得三层膜完美的结合在一起,看不出层状效果,有效提高了透明性;
第二、外层膜、中间层和贴面层膜通过添加玻璃纤维、PVC和氧化钛的混合使用有效提高外层膜的强度,防止建材膜受到外力割伤,且为了提高各层之间的透明度,避免出现分层视觉效果,通过N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺作为增透剂,提高膜的透明度,保证观察者可以清晰的观察贴有建材膜的产品外观,同时,通过二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌或二烷基二苯胺作为抗氧化剂,添加的SW-977硫醇甲基锡钙作为热稳定剂,和抗氧化剂一起使用,进一步地提高建材膜的使用寿命,而且,还可以有效防止建材膜发生黄变,具有优异的耐候性能,不易降解,可在室内室外长时间使用;
第三、由于建材膜是贴附在其他产品外表面上,因此,为了提高其贴附的稳定性,通过添加聚酰亚胺树脂或柠檬酸作为增粘剂,提高其贴附效果。增粘剂不仅是提高贴面层的粘附效果,在中间层使用的增粘剂可以提高外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜三者之间的粘接效果,进一步有效延长使用寿命。
具体实施方式
本发明所使用的的原料均为市售品,色料为市面上常规使用的薄膜色料,提高色彩视觉效果。
实施例1
耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。
所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28份、PVC69份、氧化钛8份、抗氧化剂6份、增透剂10份、稳定剂6份。所述抗氧化剂为二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,所述热稳定剂为SW-977硫醇甲基锡。
所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28份,PVC69份,氧化钛8份、增粘剂8份,抗氧化剂6份、增透剂10份和色料2份。所述抗氧化剂为二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂,所述色料为分散紫色料。
所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28份,PVC69份,氧化钛8份,增粘剂8份、抗氧化剂6份和增透剂10份,得中间层膜混合料。所述抗氧化剂为二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂。
所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为720r/min,搅拌30min,得外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为800r/min,搅拌25min,得中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为850r/min,搅拌20min,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,所述熔融共挤成型时,主螺杆温度为129℃,挤出温度为120℃,轧轮机温度为72℃,主螺杆速度为42m/min,供料螺杆速度20m/min,轧轮机速度35m/min,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
实施例2
耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。
所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维30份、PVC71份、氧化钛9份、抗氧化剂7份、增透剂11份、稳定剂7份。所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,所述热稳定剂为SW-977硫醇甲基锡。。
所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维30份,PVC71份,氧化钛9份、增粘剂11份,抗氧化剂7份、增透剂11份和色料2份,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂,所述色料为群青色料。
所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维30份,PVC71份,氧化钛9份,增粘剂11份、抗氧化剂7份和增透剂11份,得中间层膜混合料,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂。
所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为800r/min,搅拌25min,外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为800r/min,搅拌25min,中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为800r/min,搅拌25min,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,主螺杆温度为130℃,挤出温度为124℃,轧轮机温度为74℃,主螺杆速度为43m/min,供料螺杆速度22m/min,轧轮机速度36m/min,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
实施例3
耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。
所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维33份、PVC80份、氧化钛11份、抗氧化剂7份、增透剂14份、稳定剂8份,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,所述热稳定剂为SW-977硫醇甲基锡。
所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维33份,PVC80份,氧化钛11份、增粘剂14份,抗氧化剂7份、增透剂14份和色料4份,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为柠檬酸,所述色料为硬脂酸钙。
所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤33份,PVC 80份,氧化钛11份,增粘剂14份、抗氧化剂7份和增透剂14份,得中间层膜混合料,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为柠檬酸中。
所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为850r/min,搅拌20min,得外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为850r/min,搅拌20min,得中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为850r/min,搅拌20min,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,主螺杆温度为133℃,挤出温度为135℃,轧轮机温度为76℃,主螺杆速度为45m/min,供料螺杆速度24m/min,轧轮机速度39m/min,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
实施例4
耐候建材膜从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜。
所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维35份、PVC83份、氧化钛12份、抗氧化剂8份、增透剂15份、稳定剂9份,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二苯胺,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,所述热稳定剂为SW-977硫醇甲基锡。
所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维35,PVC 83份,氧化钛12份、增粘剂15份,抗氧化剂8份、增透剂115份和色料5份,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二苯胺,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为柠檬酸,所述色料为分散紫色料。
所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维35份,PVC83份,氧化钛12份,增粘剂15份、抗氧化剂8份和增透剂15份,得中间层膜混合料,所述抗氧化剂为二烷基二苯胺,所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺,增粘剂为柠檬酸。
所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为810r/min,搅拌23min,得外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为810r/min,搅拌23min,得中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,所述高速搅拌的速率均为810r/min,搅拌23min,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,主螺杆温度为135℃,挤出温度为138℃,轧轮机温度为78℃,主螺杆速度为47m/min,供料螺杆速度25m/min,轧轮机速度40m/min,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
将实施例1~4所得的耐候建材膜进行性能检测,其检测结果如下表1:
耐老化测试:采用GB/T 16259进行测试,人工气候加速老化试验4000h。
耐湿热性:采用GB/T 17748-2016进行测试,连续试验4000h。
耐酸腐蚀测试:取3片耐候建材膜作为测试试样,将试样浸于温度为30℃、PH值依次为4、5、6的硫酸溶液中,100小时连续浸泡,观察其是否有变化。
耐酸腐蚀测试:取3片耐候建材膜作为测试试样,将试样浸于温度为30℃、PH值依次为8、9、10的氢氧化钠溶液中,100小时连续浸泡,观察其是否有变化。
耐盐性测试:取4片耐候建材膜作为测试试样,将试样分别在35℃条件下连续暴露在浓度为5%的盐雾中,500小时连续浸泡,观察其是否有变化。
外观检验方法:取样60cm半成品宽度,以50cm目视距离,于外观检查台上,作下述项目检查:
色水、水波纹、粗纹、气斑、展平、偏斜、卷齐度、压纹、横(直)纹、黑点、杂质、污损、皱纹、螺纹点、破孔、粘痕、油斑。
表面光泽度检验:
(1)仪器使用前先接通电源;
(2)放入光泽度标准版(标示角20°60°85)內,选择测定所需用的角度,按动按钮至仪器显示0k即表示仪器已自行校准可以进入使用状态。
(3)测定校正标示值误差仅为±1始测试样品,置放样品于平面上,测试面朝上测定之,记录所显示的数值。
(4)在仪器自行结束测试任务后,凡再次使用该仪器时均须使其进行自行校准。
表1:实施例1~4所得的耐候建材膜的检测结果
Figure BDA0002437240520000101
Figure BDA0002437240520000111
从表1中可知,实施例1~4制得的耐候建材膜具有很强的耐酸耐碱耐盐性能,且外观无瑕疵,色差小,美观性高,且具有很强的拉伸强度,具有优异的耐老化、耐湿热性能,可以适应不同气候变化,在室内室内均可长时间使用,且不易发生黄变,使用寿命长。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.耐候建材膜,其特征在于,从上层至下层依次为固定连接的外层膜、中间层膜和贴面层膜;
所述外层膜包括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份、PVC 69~83份、氧化钛8~12份、抗氧化剂6~8份、增透剂10~15份、稳定剂6~9份;
所述中间层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份,PVC 69~83份,氧化钛8~12份、增粘剂8~15份,抗氧化剂6~8份、增透剂10~15份和色料2~5份;
所述贴面层膜括按照质量份数计的如下组分:玻璃纤维28~35份,PVC 69~83份,氧化钛8~12份,增粘剂8~15份、抗氧化剂6~8份和增透剂10~15份;
所述抗氧化剂为二异辛基二硫代磷酸钼、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸铜、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌或二烷基二苯胺中的任意一种;
所述增透剂为N,N亚乙烯基双硬酯酰胺;
增粘剂为聚酰亚胺树脂或柠檬酸中的任意一种。
2.权利要求1所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、制备外层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC 、氧化钛、抗氧化剂、增透剂和稳定剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,得外层膜混合料;
步骤二、制备中间层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、增透剂和色料混合后高速搅拌均匀,得中间层膜混合料:
步骤三、制备贴面层膜混合料:
按照所述质量份数,将所述玻璃纤维、PVC、氧化钛、增粘剂、抗氧化剂和增透剂混合后高速搅拌均匀,得贴面层膜混合料;
步骤四、挤出成型:
将上述制得的外层膜混合料、中间层膜混合料和贴面层膜混合料通过三层挤出机熔融共挤成型,最后经过冷却、切片、收卷即得耐候建材膜。
3.根据权利要求2所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一所述高速搅拌、步骤二所述高速搅拌和步骤三所述高速搅拌的速率均为720~850r/min,搅拌20~30min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的耐候建材膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四所述熔融共挤成型时,主螺杆温度为129~135℃,挤出温度为120~138℃,轧轮机温度为72~78℃,主螺杆速度为42~47 m/min,供料螺杆速度20~25 m/min,轧轮机速度35~40 m/min。
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