CN108215411B - 一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108215411B
CN108215411B CN201711401163.0A CN201711401163A CN108215411B CN 108215411 B CN108215411 B CN 108215411B CN 201711401163 A CN201711401163 A CN 201711401163A CN 108215411 B CN108215411 B CN 108215411B
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polypropylene
polyvinylidene fluoride
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antioxidant
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甄万清
王鹏
聂福
朱圣才
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Jiaxing High New Materials Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法，聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜薄膜包括自内而外依次设置的内层和外层，所述内层为改性聚丙烯层，外层为高耐候层，聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜薄膜包括自内而外依次设置的内层和外层，所述内层为改性聚丙烯层，外层为高耐候层，所述内层包括以下重量份数的成分：聚丙烯80~92份；相容剂5~15份；抗氧剂0.05～1份；紫外吸收剂0.1~2份；所述内层包括以下重量份数的成分：聚偏氟乙烯70~90份；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯5~1份；相容剂2~10份；抗氧剂0.05~1份；紫外吸收剂0.05~5份。本发明聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，具备优异的耐候、阻隔紫外、阻水隔气性能。

Description

一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及薄膜技术领域，具体涉及一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着社会经济的发展，人们的生活水平逐渐提高，人们对生活质量的要求也越来越高，人们对居住环境所使用的建筑材料和装饰材料要求也越来越高。传统的建筑材料和装饰材料多以天然材料为主，包括石材、木材等。
由于传统建材多为不可再生资源，加之在开采加工过程中对环境影响越来越大，越来越多的高分子复合建材被开发出来，其中聚氯乙烯(PVC)便是其中的一种。
而事实上，随着时代的发展，PVC也正以其良好的性能、简单的工艺以及其他诸多优点渐渐赢得了人们的欢心，已被越来越多的人接受和认可，在欧美国家PVC是建筑行业的宠儿， PVC在人们的日常生活中随处可见。
然而，尽管PVC作为有机材料来替代无机装饰材料已经有了很大的进步，但其自身仍存在一些致命的缺点，导致了其在国内发展比较缓慢。由于支链上的氯原子是不稳定的，PVC 的光、热、氧的稳定性极差，因此在实际使用过程中其户外使用收到了大大的限制，最直接表现为使用周期短，更换耗费大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：研制开发一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法，该聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜具备耐候、阻隔紫外、阻水隔气性能优良，且易于与PVC 建材粘接。
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述现有技术条件存在的问题，提供一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共混改性料及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，包括自内而外依次设置的内层11和外层12，所述内层11为改性聚丙烯层，外层12为高耐候层，所述内层11包括以下重量份数的成分：聚丙烯80～92份；相容剂5～15份；抗氧剂0.05～1份；紫外吸收剂0.1～2份；所述内层包括以下重量份数的成分：聚偏氟乙烯70～90份；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯5～1份；相容剂2～10份；抗氧剂 0.05～1份；紫外吸收剂0.05～5重量份。
优选的，所述内层11的厚度为10～60微米，所述外层12的厚度为2～20微米。
优选的，所述聚丙烯为等规聚丙烯、无规聚丙烯和间规聚丙烯中的一种或多种的混合物，聚丙烯的熔融指数为1～80g/10min、2.16kg、230℃；所述聚偏氟乙烯的熔融指数为1～30 g/10min、5kg、230℃；所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的熔融指数为1～20g/10min、3.8kg、230℃。
优选的，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂、受阻胺类抗氧剂、亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂、硫酯类抗氧剂中的一种或多种以上的混合物。
优选的，所述紫外吸收剂为水杨酸酯类、苯酮类、取代丙烯腈类、三嗪类与受阻胺类紫外吸收剂中的一种或多种以上的混合物。
优选的，所述内层11的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝物、丙烯酸接枝物、环氧接枝物、氯化聚乙烯、氯化聚丙烯中的一种或多种以上的混合物。
优选的，所述外层12的相容剂为乙烯丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种或多种以上的混合物。
本发明的第二个目的是由以下技术方案来实现的，一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜的制备方法，依次按照下述步骤进行：
(1)按照内层11、外层12的原料配比准备好原料，再分别经过高速混合机混合，投入到双螺杆挤出机进行熔融、分散与挤出造粒，分别得到内层、外层改性料颗粒；
(2)将内层11、外层12改性料分别投入双层共挤流涎机的单螺杆机挤出机内，在170～ 230℃进行熔化输送，并汇流至流涎模头，模头温度为170～235℃，经模头挤出后拉伸、冷却定型，切边收卷，得到聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜。
本发明提供的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜及其制备方法与现有产品相比，具备下述有益效果：1)本发明的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜具有两层结构，内层是改性的聚丙烯材料，与建材常用的PVC材料具有良好的粘结性能，有利于薄膜与保护部件的表面牢固粘接； 2)本发明的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜的外层是改性的聚偏氟乙烯材料，不但具有优异的耐候性能，延长了被保护材料的使用年限，而且其表面自清洁能力强，抗菌能力强，同时还具备优异的阻燃效果，这一点在建材行业尤为重要。
附图说明
图1是本发明聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1-聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜；11-内层；12-外层。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1～4是四种不同的改性料配方(参见表1)。各实施例中采用的原料如下：
内层配方：
聚丙烯：牌号为K2535(供应商为：燕山石化，熔融指数为35(g/10min，2.16kg，230℃)) 和牌号为EP300M(供应商为：中海壳牌，熔融指数为9(g/10min，2.16kg，230℃)按照2:1 比例混合；
相容剂：马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯，牌号为9801，供应商为：佳易容。
抗氧剂：受阻酚类抗氧剂，商品名为：抗氧剂-1098和抗氧剂-168，两者按照1:1比例混合，供应商为：德国BASF公司。
紫外吸收剂：苯酮类光稳定剂，商品名为：UV-531,供应商为：德国BASF公司。
外层配方：
聚偏氟乙烯：牌号为6010，供应商为：美国苏威；熔融指数为6(g/10min，5kg，230℃)。
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯：牌号为CM-211，供应商为：中国台湾奇美，熔融指数为16(g/10min， 3.8kg，230℃)。
相容剂：乙烯丙烯酸甲酯共聚物，牌号为AC1820，供应商为：美国陶氏化学。
抗氧剂：受阻酚类抗氧剂，商品名为：抗氧剂-1098和抗氧剂-1010，两者按照1:1比例混合，供应商为：德国BASF公司。
紫外吸收剂：苯并三唑类光稳定剂，商品名为：UV-P,供应商为：德国BASF公司。
实施例1～4采用的专用料配方如表1所示。
表1实施例1-4专用料配方(重量份数)
Figure BDA0001519444430000031
Figure BDA0001519444430000041
按表1中的配方按照下述步骤分别制备内、外层改性料：
将聚丙烯、相容剂、抗氧剂、紫外吸收剂按照配方比例依次加入高速混合机混合均匀后出料，混合转速为300～1200rpm，混合时间5～30min；
将聚偏氟乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、相容剂、抗氧剂、紫外吸收剂按照表格中的配方比例依次加入高速混合机混合均匀后出料，混合转速为300～1200rpm，混合时间5～30min；
将步骤(1)和(2)得到的混合物分别加入双螺杆挤出机进行塑化、分散与挤出切粒后得到内外两层改性料颗粒；双螺杆挤出机温度为170～230℃，转速为200～800rpm。
将步奏(3)制备的内层与外层改性料颗粒分别投入双层共挤流涎机的两台单螺杆机挤出机内，在170～230℃进行熔化输送，并汇流至流涎模头，模头温度为170～235℃，经模头挤出后拉伸、冷却定型，切边收卷，从而得到所述聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜。
实施例1～4高混机、双螺杆和单螺杆的温度和转速条件见表2。
表2
Figure BDA0001519444430000042
实施例1～4制备了50um厚度的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜与建筑外墙仿石材贴膜进行粘结并测试粘结力。同时对薄膜样品的阻燃性、紫外辐照老化后黄变指数进行了测试，对比样是常规仿石材贴膜表面进行氟碳彩涂(涂覆厚度50um)，测试结果总结于下表：
表3
Figure BDA0001519444430000051
表3为样品1～4的性能测试结果，上述测试结果表明：聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜与建筑外墙仿石材贴膜有良好的粘接性，经紫外辐照老化后黄变指数明显由于氟碳彩涂，且不存在掉粉现象。因此，与传统的涂覆保护工艺相比，本发明的保护膜装饰保护层的由高分子聚合物直接挤压而成，这一形成过程保证了保护层致密无暇，决无氟碳彩涂喷涂或滚涂过程中经常发生的针孔，发裂等缺陷，所以其紫外辐照老化后黄变指数小且不存在掉粉现象，能够延长被保护材料的使用年限，同时兼具了阻燃效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明所作的等效变换，均在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，其特征在于：聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜薄膜(1)包括自内而外依次设置的内层(11)和外层(12)，所述内层(11)为改性聚丙烯层，外层(12)为高耐候层，
所述内层(11)包括以下重量份数的成分：聚丙烯80～92份；相容剂5～15份；抗氧剂0.05～1份，抗氧剂为抗氧剂-1098和抗氧剂-168，两者按照1:1比例混合；紫外吸收剂0.1～2份，所述相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯，牌号为9801；
所述外层包括以下重量份数的成分：聚偏氟乙烯70～90份；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯5～1份；相容剂2～10份，抗氧剂0.05～1份，所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂-1098和抗氧剂-1010，两者按照1:1比例混合；所述相容剂为乙烯丙烯酸甲酯共聚物，牌号为AC1820；紫外吸收剂0.05～5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，其特征在于：所述内层(11)的厚度为10～60微米，所述外层(12)的厚度为2～20微米。
3.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，其特征在于：所述聚丙烯为等规聚丙烯、无规聚丙烯和间规聚丙烯中的一种或多种的混合物，聚丙烯的熔融指数为1～80g/10min、2.16kg、230℃；所述聚偏氟乙烯的熔融指数为1～30g/10min、5kg、230℃；所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的熔融指数为1～20g/10min、3.8kg、230℃。
4.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜，其特征在于：所述紫外吸收剂为水杨酸酯类、苯酮类、取代丙烯腈类、三嗪类与受阻胺类紫外吸收剂中的一种或多种以上的混合物。
5.一种权利要求1～4任意一项所述的聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜的制备方法，其特征在于：依次按照下述步骤进行：
(1)按照内层(11)、外层(12)的原料配比准备好原料，再分别经过高速混合机混合，投入到双螺杆挤出机进行熔融、分散与挤出造粒，分别得到内层、外层改性料颗粒；
(2)将内层(11)、外层(12)改性料分别投入双层共挤流涎机的单螺杆机挤出机内，在170～230℃进行熔化输送，并汇流至流涎模头，模头温度为170～235℃，经模头挤出后拉伸、冷却定型，切边收卷，得到聚丙烯/聚偏氟乙烯共挤保护膜。
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