CN111361694A - Autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection - Google Patents
Autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111361694A CN111361694A CN202010229437.8A CN202010229437A CN111361694A CN 111361694 A CN111361694 A CN 111361694A CN 202010229437 A CN202010229437 A CN 202010229437A CN 111361694 A CN111361694 A CN 111361694A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/24—Buoys container type, i.e. having provision for the storage of material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses an autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection. The buoy device mainly comprises a calibration part, a moving part, a water absorption part and a buoy part, can be used for carrying a plurality of sensors of various types to realize multi-parameter water quality detection, can be used for self-cleaning the sensors through the generation of a vortex flow, can be used for self-calibration of the water quality sensors through a standard sensor in a calibration cabin, can be used for realizing the autonomous movement of the whole device through the control of the water flow jet speed and direction, can be used for realizing the adjustment of the integral dead weight of the device through adjusting the water level in a water storage cabin, and can be used for enhancing the stability of difficult overturning during fixed-point detection and enhancing the lightness of movement during the autonomous movement. The invention has the advantages of the traditional buoy and the monitoring ship, is suitable for various surface water quality monitoring of rivers, lakes, canals, channels, reservoirs, wetlands, estuaries and the like, and is particularly suitable for long-term regional patrol type water quality monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water quality detection buoy device, in particular to an autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection.
Background
Surface water includes rivers, lakes, canals, channels, reservoirs, wetlands, estuaries, and the like. The long-term monitoring of surface water quality parameters is beneficial to the water conservancy department to master the long-term change condition of the surface water quality, is beneficial to protecting and improving the aquatic ecological environment, and can provide quantitative data and decision basis for events such as algal blooms, fish death, suspended matter plume and the like. Surface water quality detection is divided into two major categories, namely manual mode and automatic mode, wherein the automatic mode generally adopts devices such as a monitoring station, a buoy system, a monitoring ship and the like.
The monitoring station generally adopts box formula structure, and fixed mounting is in places such as river course limit, regularly or the sampling of taking water continuously to do multinomial quality of water parameter detection to the water sample in its inside, then with testing result remote sending to cloud platform. However, because the monitoring station is fixedly installed, the monitoring station can only monitor the surface water quality of a certain area at a fixed point.
The buoy system usually suspends on the water surface and carries a plurality of different types of water quality sensors, and has the characteristics of economy, practicality and the like. However, the buoy system lacks the autonomous moving capability and usually moves along with waves at the water surface, so the buoy is generally thrown in a slow water flow area and carries out fixed-point water quality monitoring on the area, and part of the buoys have the capability of remote alarming after the position moves out of range. In addition, some buoys have the defects of small size, easy overturning, easy loss, poor wind and wave resistance and the like.
The monitoring ship usually takes an unmanned ship as a carrier, is provided with a power propulsion device and a storage battery, so that the monitoring ship has certain cruising ability and can carry out patrol type water quality monitoring according to a preset route. At the same time, the monitoring vessel is often larger in size than the buoy, and therefore the stability is also better than the buoy. However, the cost of the monitoring ship is higher than that of the buoy system, so that the monitoring ship can be used for monitoring key water areas, and cannot be popularized and applied on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a buoy device which has the advantages of both a buoy and a monitoring ship and has the capability of autonomous movement, the buoy device can carry a plurality of sensors to realize multi-parameter water quality detection, can self-clean the sensors through the generation of vortex flow, can self-calibrate and self-calibrate the water quality sensors through an optional calibration cabin, can realize the autonomous movement of a monitoring position through the control of the water flow jet speed and direction, can realize the adjustment of the integral self weight of the device through the adjustment of the water level in a water storage cabin, and can enhance the stability of difficult overturning during fixed-point detection and enhance the lightness of movement during autonomous movement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the water absorption type water meter comprises a calibration component, a moving component, a water absorption component and a buoy component, wherein the calibration component, the moving component and the water absorption component are coaxially and sequentially connected from top to bottom.
The buoy component comprises a buoy cabin and an annular cabin, the buoy cabin is of a hollow circular truncated cone-shaped structure, the annular cabin is arranged at the bottom of the buoy cabin, a circular through groove communicated with the space in the buoy cabin is formed in the center of the annular cabin, two horizontal centrifugal pumps and two groups of storage batteries are arranged in the annular cabin, the two horizontal centrifugal pumps and the two groups of storage batteries are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetrical installation ensures the integral balance of the buoy component and ensures that the buoy component is not prone to overturning.
The circular through groove arranged in the center of the annular cabin is matched with the water storage cabin in structure.
The calibration component is positioned in the buoy cabin and mainly consists of a calibration cabin, a filtering cabin and a water inlet cabin which are coaxially and sequentially connected from top to bottom; the top of the calibration cabin is connected with the top of the buoy cabin; the water inlet cabin is divided into an upper space communicated with the filtering cabin and a lower space provided with internal threads through a partition plate arranged in the middle, and the filtering cabin is communicated with the calibration cabin.
The movable component mainly comprises a water storage cabin, a drainage cabin, eight drainage pipes and eight electric control proportional valves, wherein the drainage cabin is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cabin, the water storage cabin penetrates through a circular through groove at the bottom of the annular cabin from bottom to top and then is connected with the lower space of the water inlet cabin through threads, the top of the drainage cabin is in contact with the bottom of the annular cabin, and the drainage cabin and the annular cabin are coaxially arranged; the drainage cabin is internally provided with a hollow circular ring, eight drainage pipes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hollow circular ring, one end of each drainage pipe is inserted into the hollow circular ring, the other end of each drainage pipe extends out of the external space through the outer wall of the drainage cabin, and each drainage pipe is provided with an electric control proportional valve for controlling the on-off and the speed of water flow in the drainage pipe.
The electric control proportional valve of each drain pipe is positioned in the drain cabin.
The top of the water storage cabin is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread in the lower space of the water inlet cabin.
The water absorption part mainly comprises a water absorption cavity with a straight cylinder structure at the upper part and a necking structure at the lower part, the water absorption cavity is a hollow cavity, and the necking structure is in a circular truncated cone shape with a large bottom and a small top; the top of the water suction cavity is embedded in a groove formed at the bottom of the drainage cabin; a plurality of water quality sensors are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the upper part of the water suction cavity along the circumferential direction; the water suction cavity is characterized in that four water inlet holes with the same opening direction are formed in a straight-barrel type structure on the upper portion of the water suction cavity, four water outlet holes with the same opening direction are formed in a necking type structure on the lower portion of the water suction cavity, the water inlet holes and the water outlet holes are formed along the tangential direction of the wall surface of the water suction cavity, and the opening directions of the water inlet holes and the water outlet holes are opposite to each other so as to ensure that the swirling flow formed by the water.
The two horizontal centrifugal pumps comprise a horizontal centrifugal pump I and a horizontal centrifugal pump II; four water outlet holes in a water suction cavity of the water suction part are respectively communicated to one inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I through four hoses, and one outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I is communicated to the water storage cabin of the moving part through a water pipe; the water storage cabin of the moving component is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I through a water pipe, and the other outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I is communicated to the water inlet cabin of the calibration component through a water pipe.
Four hoses connected with the four water outlet holes are communicated to the same inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I through the connectors.
A water storage cabin of the moving component is communicated to one inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II through a water pipe, and a water inlet cabin of the calibration component is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II through a water pipe; and an outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II is communicated to eight drain pipes through a hollow circular ring in the drain cabin.
All outlets and all inlets of the two horizontal centrifugal pumps are provided with electric control proportional valves for controlling the on-off and the speed of water flow.
After pumping water from the water suction cavity of the water suction part, the horizontal centrifugal pump I injects water into the water storage cabin of the moving part; after pumping water from the water storage cabin of the moving part, the horizontal centrifugal pump I injects water into the water inlet cabin of the calibration part; and after pumping water from the water storage cabin of the moving part or the water inlet cabin of the calibration part, the horizontal centrifugal pump II discharges water in the water storage cabin or the water inlet cabin through eight drainage pipes.
The water level in the water storage cabin is adjusted through a horizontal centrifugal pump I and a horizontal centrifugal pump II; when the buoy device performs fixed-point detection at a fixed place, water is injected into the water storage cabin through the horizontal centrifugal pump I to raise the water level in the water storage cabin, so that the buoy device is stable and not easy to overturn; when the buoy device moves, water is pumped from the water storage cabin through the horizontal centrifugal pump II to reduce the water level in the water storage cabin or drain the water in the water inlet cabin, so that the buoy device is light and beneficial to moving integrally.
When the horizontal centrifugal pump I pumps water from the water suction cavity of the water suction part, external surface water enters the water suction cavity along the four water inlet holes and finally enters the water storage cabin along the four water outlet holes; in the process of pumping water, surface water enters the water suction cavity, a vortex flow is formed under the reaction force of the wall surface of the water suction cavity, and the water quality sensor in the water suction cavity realizes the cleaning of surface dirt under the action of the vortex flow.
The whole water absorption part is immersed in water; the annular cabin provided with the horizontal centrifugal pump floats on the water surface, so that the centrifugal pump is prevented from being immersed in water.
The buoy component further comprises a main control circuit board, a solar film, eight touch switches and an antenna, wherein the main control circuit board is mounted at the top inside the buoy cabin, the antenna is mounted at the top outside the buoy cabin, the solar film battery is attached to the outer side surface of the buoy cabin in a 360-degree surrounding manner, the eight touch switches are uniformly distributed along the outer side surface of the bottom of the buoy cabin and correspond to the eight drain pipes in the moving component in position; the two horizontal centrifugal pumps, the electric control proportional valve, the touch switch and the solar film are all connected with the main control circuit board.
The main control circuit board comprises a singlechip, 2-channel DO output interfaces (used for controlling the on-off of two horizontal centrifugal pumps), 8-channel AO output interfaces (used for controlling the valve opening of eight electric control proportional valves connected with a drain pipe), 8-channel DI input interfaces (used for receiving the on-off signals of 8 touch switches), a power supply chip (used for connecting a storage battery and supplying power), a GPS positioning chip, a 4G or GPRS remote communication module and the like.
The main control circuit board controls the on-off and the water flow speed of each water drainage pipe through an electric control proportional valve, so that the movement of the moving part is controlled; the moving speed of the moving part is the opposite quantity after the water spraying speeds of all the water discharge pipes are combined;
in the moving process of the autonomous moving type buoy device, the touch switch contacting with the obstacle transmits a collision signal to the main control circuit board, the main control circuit board replans a moving path avoiding the obstacle, and the main control circuit board controls the moving of the moving part according to the replanned moving path.
The moving speed and the water spraying speed both comprise the magnitude and the direction of the speed. The water spraying speed of the drain pipe is controlled by the water flow speed in the drain pipe.
A plurality of standard sensors for calibrating the water quality sensors are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the top of the calibration cabin along the circumferential direction; the process of calibrating the water quality sensor specifically comprises the following steps: water is injected into the water inlet cabin of the calibration component from the water storage cabin of the moving component through the horizontal centrifugal pump I, the water passes through the filtering cabin layer by layer under the action of pressure and then reaches the calibration cabin, the standard sensor detects the water quality in the calibration cabin, and the water quality sensor is calibrated according to the detection result of the standard sensor.
The filter cabin comprises multilayer filter core, the filter core includes polytype such as quartz, active carbon, manganese sand, and specific filter core number of piles and filter core kind can be decided by the user according to the quality of water condition by oneself.
The water quality sensor is used for detecting the water quality of surface water, the water quality parameters comprise conventional parameters such as PH value, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and turbidity, pollutant parameters such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, extensible parameters such as chlorophyll, blue-green algae and nitrate, and users select different types and quantities of water quality sensors according to the water quality conditions.
The drainage cabin is only communicated with the outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II, and the drainage cabin and the water storage cabin are not communicated with each other; the upper end surface of the calibration cabin, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the water storage cabin and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the water suction cavity are closed surfaces.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the buoy device provided by the invention has the characteristic of one water with multiple purposes, and the water flow pumped by the horizontal centrifugal pump can complete multiple functions of propelling the buoy position to move, cleaning dirt on the surface of the sensor, calibrating the water quality sensor and the like.
2) The buoy device provided by the invention has perfect functions, and comprises multiple functions of multi-parameter water quality detection, sensor self-cleaning, sensor self-calibration, detection position movement, overall stability control and the like, so that the practicability is greatly enhanced compared with the traditional buoy device which is easy to overturn and lose.
3) The buoy device provided by the invention is low in cost, and compared with other devices such as a monitoring ship and the like, the buoy device does not need a power propulsion mechanism such as a motor and an impeller, and also does not need a self-stabilizing mechanism such as anchoring; the stable autonomous movement can be realized only by adjusting the water spraying speed of the drain pipe and the water level in the water storage tank, and the water storage tank has better popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall effect of the buoy device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the calibration components of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembling relationship of the moving parts of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the fitting relationship of the water absorbing member of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembled relationship of the float components of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the buoy device for drainage, movement, etc.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the obstacle avoidance movement of the buoy device.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of the connection between the outlet and the inlet of two horizontal centrifugal pumps.
Fig. 9 is a view showing a structure of a pipe connected to outlets and inlets of two horizontal centrifugal pumps.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a calibration component, a 1A water inlet cabin, a 1B filtering cabin, a 1C calibration cabin, a 1D standard sensor, a 2 moving component, a 2A water storage cabin, a 2B electric control proportional valve, a 2C water discharge pipe, a 2D water discharge cabin, a 3 water suction component, a 3A water quality sensor, a 3B water suction cavity, a 4 buoy component, a 4A buoy cabin, a 4B solar membrane, a 4C touch switch, a 4D storage battery, a 4E horizontal centrifugal pump II, a 4F solar membrane, a main control circuit board, a 4G antenna, a 4H horizontal centrifugal pump I, a 4I and an annular cabin. 4H-1, an inlet of a horizontal centrifugal pump I, 4H-2, an outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I, 4E-1, an inlet of a horizontal centrifugal pump II, 4E-2 and an outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the invention is composed of four parts, namely a calibration part 1, a moving part 2, a water absorbing part 3, a buoy part 4 and the like, wherein the calibration part 1, the moving part 2 and the water absorbing part 3 penetrate through the buoy part 4 from top to bottom and are coaxially and sequentially connected, and the top of the calibration part 1 is flush with the top of the buoy part 4. The calibration component 1 is an optional component, and a user can detach the calibration component 1 according to actual needs without self-calibration or self-calibration of a water quality detection sensor in the water suction component 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the calibration component 1 mainly comprises three major parts, namely a water inlet cabin 1A, a filtering cabin 1B and a calibration cabin 1C, and the water inlet cabin 1A, the filtering cabin 1B and the calibration cabin 1C are fixedly connected from bottom to top in sequence. The calibration cabin 1C can contain 8 water quality sensors at most, the water quality sensors are uniformly distributed and installed at the top of the internal space of the calibration cabin 1C along the circumference, and the water quality sensors are used as standard sensors to perform parameter comparison, calibration and calibration on the sensors which are in charge of water quality detection in the water suction part 3; the filter cabin 1B is also internally provided with a plurality of layers of filter elements, including various filter elements such as quartz, activated carbon, manganese sand and the like, and the specific number of the filter elements and the types of the filter elements can be automatically determined by a user according to the water quality condition; the bottom shell of the water inlet cabin 1A is provided with internal threads which can be matched with external threads at the top of the shell of the water storage cabin 2A in the moving component 2, if a user needs to calibrate the component 1, the component is installed and connected through the threads, and if the user does not need to calibrate the component 1 or the user needs to replace a filter element in the filter cabin 1B, the threads can be unscrewed to be conveniently detached; when a user asks for the detection precision of the water sensor 3A in the water absorption part 3, the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H can be started to convey water into the water inlet cabin 1A, then the water can pass through the filtering cabin 1B layer by layer under the action of pressure to finally reach the calibration cabin 1C, and the standard sensor in the calibration cabin 1C carries out comparative detection; it should be noted that, the arrangement of the filtering cabin 1B effectively ensures that the impurities in the surface water do not interfere with the detection of the standard water quality sensor.
As shown in fig. 3, the moving part 2 is composed of a water storage chamber 2A, eight water discharge pipes 2C, eight electrically controlled proportional valves and corresponding pipelines. The eight drain pipes 2C are uniformly distributed and installed on the periphery of the water storage cabin 2A along the circumference, and the eight drain pipes 2C respectively point to the east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north and northeast directions; meanwhile, the drain pipe 2C is not communicated with the water storage cabin 2A, the drain pipe 2C is only connected with a water outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E, and a water suction port of the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E is connected with the water storage cabin 2A, so that the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E can determine when to perform fixed-point detection or move position under the control of the main control circuit board; each electric control proportional valve is respectively arranged in the on-off hole of each drain pipe 2C, and under the control of the main control circuit board, the electric control proportional valve can control the on-off and the speed of water flow in the drain pipe 2C, so that the overall movement direction and the movement speed of the buoy device are influenced; the water level in the water storage cabin 2A can be adjusted, and the water level can directly influence the integral dead weight of the invention, so when the invention is required to perform fixed-point detection in a fixed place, the water level in the water storage cabin 2A is higher, the invention is ensured to be integrally stable and not easy to overturn, and when the invention is required to move, the water level in the water storage cabin 2A is lower, even completely emptied, so that the invention is integrally light and beneficial to moving.
As shown in fig. 4, the water absorbing member 3 is composed of 8 water quality sensors 3A at maximum and a water absorbing chamber 3B. Wherein 8 water quality sensors 3A install in absorbing water chamber 3B headspace, and along the even distribution installation of circumference, it should be explained that water quality sensors 3A quantity and type can be decided by the user according to the quality of water condition by oneself. The water sucking cavity is a hollow round platform with a large bottom and a small top, the upper part of the water sucking cavity 3B is of a straight cylinder structure, the lower part of the water sucking cavity is of a throat structure, the water sucking cavity 3B is a hollow cavity, the bottom of the water sucking cavity is provided with 4 water inlet holes, the top of the water sucking cavity is provided with 4 water outlet holes, under the pumping action of a horizontal centrifugal pump I4H, external surface water enters the water sucking cavity along the 4 water inlet holes, and finally leaves the water sucking cavity along the 4 water outlet holes; because the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are provided with holes along the tangential direction of the wall surface, no matter water is fed or discharged, a swirling flow can be formed under the reaction force of the wall surface of the water suction cavity, and the swirling flow can clean the bottom surface of the water quality sensor 3A; it should be noted that the opening directions of the bottom 4 water inlet holes and the top 4 water outlet holes are opposite to each other, so as to ensure that the swirling flow directions formed by the two holes are consistent.
As shown in fig. 5, the buoy part 4 is composed of a buoy cabin, a solar energy film, eight touch switches 4C, two groups of storage batteries, two horizontal centrifugal pumps, a main control circuit board, an antenna and the like; the solar energy film is attached to the outer side surface of the buoy cabin in a 360-degree surrounding manner, so that the pose of the solar energy film is in an inclined state, rainwater can flow away along the surface of the solar energy film due to the design, the surface of the solar energy film is ensured not to be accumulated with water, and solar energy at any direction and at any angle can be received; the eight touch switches are uniformly arranged on the outer side face of the bottom of the buoy cabin along the circumference and are consistent with the directions of the eight water discharge pipes 2C in the moving part 2, so that whether the advancing direction meets an obstacle or not can be known, and whether obstacle avoidance movement is needed or not can be determined.
In the buoy component 4, two groups of storage batteries and two horizontal centrifugal pumps are symmetrically arranged in the buoy cabin, and the symmetrical arrangement ensures the integral balance of the invention and ensures that the invention is not easy to overturn; the two horizontal centrifugal pumps are respectively a horizontal centrifugal pump I4H and a horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E, and it is to be specially explained that in order to save the number of the horizontal centrifugal pumps, the water flow from the water suction cavity in the water suction part 3 to the water storage cabin 2A in the moving part 2 and the water flow from the water storage cabin 2A in the moving part 2 to the water inlet cabin 1A in the calibration part 1 share one horizontal centrifugal pump I4H, and specifically which water flow flows, the main control circuit board controls the switching state combination of the electric control valves on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the horizontal centrifugal pump to determine.
In the buoy component 4, the main control circuit board is arranged at the top of the inner space of the buoy cabin, so that the main control circuit board is prevented from being wetted by water waves to the maximum extent, and the antenna is arranged at the top of the buoy cabin. The main control circuit board 4F is composed of a single chip microcomputer, 2 DO output interfaces (used for controlling the opening and closing of two horizontal centrifugal pumps), 8 AO output interfaces (used for controlling the valve opening of eight electric control proportional valves connected with a drain pipe), 8 DI input interfaces (used for receiving switching value signals of 8 touch switches), a power supply chip (used for connecting a storage battery and supplying power), a GPS positioning chip, a 4G or GPRS remote communication module and the like.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, before the invention moves, the water in the water storage cabin 2A needs to be drained firstly, so as to reduce the self weight, and thus the invention is light, at this time, the horizontal centrifugal pump ii 4E needs to be opened, eight electric control proportional valves connected with the water drainage pipes need to be opened simultaneously, so that the eight water drainage pipes 2C drain outwards at the same flow rate, and therefore, the drainage weight is reduced without moving the position. When the centrifugal pump is moved, the two horizontal centrifugal pumps are synchronously opened according to the same flow, the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H conveys water into the water storage cabin 2A, and the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E pumps water from the water storage cabin 2A and discharges the water through the water discharge pipe 2C; when the water-saving device needs to move in a certain direction (for example, needs to move towards the south), the electric control proportional valve in the opposite direction (towards the north) is opened, water is discharged to the corresponding water discharge pipe 2C, and propulsion movement is realized; of course, various angular directions of movement can also be achieved by flow distribution between two or even more drains 2C. After the water storage tank is moved to a designated position, 8 water discharge pipes 2C are completely closed, and the horizontal centrifugal pump conveys water into the water storage tank 2A, so that the self weight of the water storage tank is increased, and the stability of the water storage tank is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 7, in the moving process of the present invention, the touch switch 4C contacting the obstacle transmits the collision signal to the main control circuit board 4F, the main control circuit board 4F replans the moving path avoiding the obstacle, and controls the moving of the moving part 2 according to the replanned moving path.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, four water outlet holes in the water suction cavity 3B of the water suction part 3 are all communicated to one inlet of a horizontal centrifugal pump i 4H through four hoses, and one outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump i 4H is communicated to the water storage cabin 2A of the moving part 2 through a water pipe; the water storage cabin 2A of the moving component 2 is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H through a water pipe, and the other outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H is communicated to the water inlet cabin 1A of the calibration component 1 through a water pipe. A water storage cabin 2A of the moving component 2 is communicated to one inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E through a water pipe, and a water inlet cabin 1A of the calibration component 1 is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E through a water pipe; the outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E is communicated to the eight drain pipes 2C through a hollow circular ring in the drain cabin 2D.
After pumping water from the water suction cavity 3B of the water suction part 3, the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H injects water into the water storage cabin 2A of the moving part 2; the horizontal centrifugal pump I4H pumps water from the water storage cabin 2A of the moving component 2 and injects water into the water inlet cabin 1A of the calibration component 1. After the horizontal centrifugal pump II 4E pumps water from the water storage cabin 2A of the moving part 2 or the water inlet cabin 1A of the calibration part 1, the water in the water storage cabin 2A or the water inlet cabin 1A is discharged through the eight water discharge pipes 2C.
Compared with the traditional buoy device, the self-cleaning buoy device has multiple practical functions of being capable of moving automatically, adjusting self weight, self-cleaning and self-calibrating a sensor and the like; compared with devices such as a monitoring ship and the like, the device does not need a motor, an impeller and other power propulsion devices, so the device has a simple structure and low cost, has the advantages of both a buoy and the monitoring ship, is suitable for various types of surface water quality monitoring such as rivers, lakes, canals, channels, reservoirs, wetlands, sea entrances and the like, and is particularly suitable for long-term regional patrol type water quality monitoring. The foregoing detailed description is intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, which is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and any changes and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection is characterized by comprising a calibration component (1), a mobile component (2), a water absorbing component (3) and a buoy component (4), wherein the calibration component (1), the mobile component (2) and the water absorbing component (3) are coaxially and sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the buoy component (4) comprises a buoy cabin (4A) and an annular cabin (4I), the buoy cabin (4A) is of a hollow circular truncated cone-shaped structure, the annular cabin (4I) is arranged at the bottom of the buoy cabin (4A), a circular through groove communicated with the cabin inner space of the buoy cabin (4A) is formed in the center of the annular cabin (4I), two horizontal centrifugal pumps and two groups of storage batteries (4D) are installed inside the annular cabin (4I), and the two horizontal centrifugal pumps and the two groups of storage batteries (4D) are symmetrically arranged;
the calibration component (1) is positioned in the buoy cabin (4A), and the calibration component (1) is mainly formed by coaxially and sequentially connecting a calibration cabin (1C), a filtering cabin (1B) and a water inlet cabin (1A) from top to bottom; the top of the calibration cabin (1C) is connected with the top of the buoy cabin (4A); the water inlet cabin (1A) is divided into an upper space communicated with the filtering cabin (1B) and a lower space provided with internal threads through a partition plate arranged in the middle, and the filtering cabin (1B) is communicated with the calibration cabin (1C);
the moving part (2) mainly comprises a water storage cabin (2A), a drainage cabin (2D), eight drainage pipes (2C) and eight electric control proportional valves (2B), wherein the drainage cabin (2D) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage cabin (2A), the water storage cabin (2A) penetrates through a circular through groove at the bottom of the annular cabin (4I) from bottom to top and then is connected with the lower space of the water inlet cabin (1A) through threads, the top of the drainage cabin (2D) is in contact with the bottom of the annular cabin (4I), and the drainage cabin (2D) and the annular cabin (4I) are coaxially arranged; a hollow circular ring is arranged in the drainage cabin (2D), eight drainage pipes (2C) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the hollow circular ring, one end of each drainage pipe (2C) is inserted into the hollow circular ring, the other end of each drainage pipe extends out of the outer space through the outer wall of the drainage cabin (2D), and each drainage pipe (2C) is provided with an electric control proportional valve (2B) for controlling the water flow in the drainage pipe (2C) to be broken and the water flow speed;
the water absorption part (3) mainly comprises a water absorption cavity (3B) with a straight cylinder structure at the upper part and a necking structure at the lower part, the water absorption cavity (3B) is a hollow cavity, and the necking structure is in a round table shape; the top of the water suction cavity (3B) is embedded in a groove formed at the bottom of the drainage cabin (2D); a plurality of water quality sensors (3A) are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the upper part of the water suction cavity (3B) along the circumferential direction; it has four inlet openings that the opening direction is unanimous to open in the straight cylinder structure on chamber (3B) upper portion that absorbs water, and it has four apopores that the opening direction is unanimous to open in the throat formula structure of chamber (3B) lower part that absorbs water, and inlet opening and apopore are all seted up along the tangential direction that absorbs water chamber (3B) wall, and the inlet opening is opposite with the opening direction of apopore.
2. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two centrifugal pumps comprise a centrifugal pump I (4H) and a centrifugal pump II (4E); four water outlet holes in a water suction cavity (3B) of the water suction part (3) are respectively communicated to one inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) through four hoses, and one outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) is communicated to the water storage cabin (2A) of the moving part (2) through a water pipe; a water storage cabin (2A) of the moving component (2) is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) through a water pipe, and the other outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) is communicated to a water inlet cabin (1A) of the calibration component (1) through a water pipe;
a water storage cabin (2A) of the moving component (2) is communicated to one inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E) through a water pipe, and a water inlet cabin (1A) of the calibration component (1) is communicated to the other inlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E) through a water pipe; the outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E) is communicated to eight drain pipes (2C) through a hollow circular ring in the drain cabin (2D);
all outlets and all inlets of the two horizontal centrifugal pumps are provided with electric control proportional valves for controlling the on-off and the speed of water flow.
3. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality detection as defined in claim 2, wherein the horizontal centrifugal pump i (4H) pumps water from the water suction chamber (3B) of the water suction member (3) and then pumps water into the water storage compartment (2A) of the mobile member (2); after pumping water from the water storage cabin (2A) of the moving component (2), the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) injects water into the water inlet cabin (1A) of the calibration component (1);
and after the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E) pumps water from the water storage cabin (2A) of the moving part (2) or the water inlet cabin (1A) of the calibration part (1), the water in the water storage cabin (2A) or the water inlet cabin (1A) is discharged through the eight water discharge pipes (2C).
4. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water level in the water storage tank (2A) is adjusted by a centrifugal pump I (4H) and a centrifugal pump II (4E); when the buoy device performs fixed-point detection at a fixed place, water is injected into the water storage tank (2A) through the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) to raise the water level in the water storage tank (2A), so that the whole buoy device is stable and not easy to overturn; when the buoy device moves, water is pumped from the water storage cabin (2A) through the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E) so as to reduce the water level in the water storage cabin (2A) or evacuate water in the water inlet cabin (1A), so that the buoy device is light and beneficial to moving integrally.
5. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H) pumps water from the water suction cavity (3B) of the water suction part (3), external surface water enters the water suction cavity along four water inlet holes and finally enters the water storage tank along four water outlet holes; surface water enters the water suction cavity (3B) in the water suction process, a vortex flow is formed under the reaction force of the wall surface of the water suction cavity (3B), and the water quality sensor (3A) in the water suction cavity (3B) realizes the cleaning of surface dirt under the action of the vortex flow.
6. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multi-parameter water quality detection according to claim 1, wherein the buoy component (4) further comprises a main control circuit board (4F), a solar thin film (4B), eight touch switches (4C) and an antenna (4G), the main control circuit board (4F) is mounted at the top inside the buoy cabin (4A), the antenna (4G) is mounted at the top outside the buoy cabin (4A), the solar thin film battery (4B) is attached to the outer side surface of the buoy cabin (4A) in a 360-degree surrounding manner, the eight touch switches (4C) are uniformly distributed along the outer side surface of the bottom of the buoy cabin (4A), and the eight touch switches (4C) correspond to the positions of the eight drain pipes (2C) in the mobile component (2); the two horizontal centrifugal pumps, the electric control proportional valve (2B), the touch switch (4C) and the solar film (4B) are all connected with the main control circuit board (4F).
7. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality detection as claimed in claim 6, wherein the main control circuit board (4F) controls the on/off and the flow rate of water in each drain pipe (2C) through an electrically controlled proportional valve (2B), thereby controlling the movement of the moving part (2); the moving speed of the moving part (2) is the opposite quantity after the water spraying speeds of all the water discharge pipes (2C) are combined;
in the moving process of the autonomous moving type buoy device, the touch switch (4C) contacting with the obstacle transmits a collision signal to the main control circuit board (4F), the main control circuit board (4F) replans a moving path avoiding the obstacle, and the movement of the moving part (2) is controlled according to the replanned moving path.
8. The autonomous mobile buoy apparatus for multiparameter water quality testing of claim 7, wherein the moving speed and the water spraying speed each include the magnitude and direction of the speed.
9. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality detection as defined in claim 1, wherein a plurality of standard sensors (1D) for calibrating the water quality sensors (3A) are uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the top of the calibration cabin (1C) along the circumferential direction; the process of calibrating the water quality sensor (3A) is as follows: water is injected into a water inlet cabin (1A) of the calibration component (1) from a water storage cabin (2A) of the moving component (2) through a horizontal centrifugal pump I (4H), the water passes through a filtering cabin (1B) layer by layer under the action of pressure and then reaches a calibration cabin (1C), a standard sensor (1D) detects the water quality in the calibration cabin (1C), and a water quality sensor (3A) is calibrated according to the detection result of the standard sensor (1D).
10. The autonomous mobile buoy device for multiparameter water quality testing as defined in claim 1, wherein the drainage chamber (2D) is communicated with only the outlet of the horizontal centrifugal pump II (4E), and the drainage chamber (2D) is not communicated with the water storage chamber (2A); the upper end surface of the calibration cabin (1C), the upper and lower end surfaces of the water storage cabin (2A) and the upper and lower end surfaces of the water absorption cavity (3B) are closed surfaces.
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